Children are sick asthma. When to beat the alarm? Specific symptoms of disease

Date: 29.03.2019

Bronchial asthma - this is an immune disease respiratory tract. It is based on the increased reactivity of the bronchi, which is manifested by the periods of difficulty breathing. It has chronic flow. The nature of the disease is not fully studied. Barcoon asthma attacks most often provoke causal allergens: household ticks, dust, dandruff, pollen, etc. often the disease is inherited.

In contact with

The first signs of bronchial asthma in children

Cough, difficulty breathing on sharp smells;
in early age - Atopic dermatitis (rash on the skin);
frequent bronchitis with the development of bronchial obstruction;
frequent colds without increasing temperature, followed by the development of bronchitis;
persistent.

The main signs of asthma

Most often signs of asthma appear when contact with allergens : Animals, home dust, pollen, etc. They can also appear when cold, when there is sharp odors in the air (deodorants, tobacco, other sharp smells). Provocate the attack and physical exertion, laughter, crying, sharp change of ambient temperature. Masives family predisposition.

So, K. signs of asthma include:

Periods of difficulty breathing, shortness of breath;
whistling wheels;
the cold is constantly accompanied by a cough, whistling, difficult breathing;
other signs of allergies -, itching, sneezing, "laying" of the nose.
whistling wheels;
cough that becomes stronger at night and early in the morning.

Signs of Asthma at Breast Age

Determine developing signs Asthma at an early age to a person without special training is very difficult, however, parents should alert the following points:

Cough leading urges to vomiting;
difficult feeding - the child breathes hard, moaning, weakly sucks;
whistling wheels;
increase the frequency of inhalation and exhalation.

Normally, breathing under the age of two months should be within 60 respiratory movements per minute. From two months to a year, the norm is no more than 50 per minute.

Features of development in children

The development of the disease begins to be traced in infant age, when due to the early administration of dust, artificial feeding, there is an increase in the sensitivity of the body to allergens. The first signs of asthma are manifested in the form of rashes on the skin, periodic nasal congestion. Start accompanied by obstruction elements, breathing difficulties. Then cough, wheezing, the attacks of the suffocation appear and after contact with a provocateur (allergen).

In connection with frequent episodes, the lack of oxygen in the blood, the immaturity of organs and systems, children often have both general signs of bronchial asthma: fatigue, bad assessments in school, lagging in physical development.

First aid in the attack of asthma in a child

First aid Must include the following steps:

Remove the factor that is starting to develop an attack, if possible - pollen, pet, tobacco smoke, etc.;
provide a free air inflow to a child - remove shy clothes;
help the child to take the position of the body in which the breath is most efficient - the position is sitting with the tilted body of the body forward with a support on the hands;
give warm drink;
effectively exercise with breathing delay in exhalation;
using an aerosol through the spacer from the dosage inhaler (Ventoline, Salbutamol) or through nebulizer (Ventoline, Salgim). If necessary, 3-4 inhalation every 20 minutes. In the absence of effect, a child must be hospitalized within an hour;
with a mixture of moderate severity, in the absence of the effect of 2-3 inhalations of the above preparations, the pulmicort or dexamethasone is recommended. In the absence of effect within an hour - hospitalization.

Are you worried about the fact that children's inflammatory processes in lungs will lead to more complex diseases? Professional information O. possible complications After pneumonia, children are given.

What if there is no inhaler?

Provide a child the influx of air, remove shy clothes;
introduce intramuscularly, in the form of Eufillin injection (5mg / kg), dexamethasone (0.6 mg / kg);
in the absence of the effect and development of signs of asthma, hospitalization is recommended.

Treatment in children

Treatment is appointed only by a doctor. In addition to eliminating the contact of the patient with an allergen, it is also recommended:

Auxiliary methods - physiotherapy, salt caves, methods of adjustable respiration, needleflexotherapy, psychotherapy, asit-therapy (injecting);
basis therapy - Inhalation glucocorticosteroids. Accepted daily and for a long time. This is a fluxotide, bulvikort, Kletenyl. From combined drugs it SERELET and Simbicort. In addition, the use of Montelukast, Zafirlukasta;
in older children, as well as component of basic therapy Oralizumab can be used, which refers to drug-binding components of the starting mechanism allergic reactions (IgE);
if the standard doses of inhalation glucocorticosteroids do not allow control of bronchial asthma, they are combined with formyrerene, salmeterol;
means of emergency therapy, if necessary - salbutamol (Ventoline). Fenoterol, Eufillin, dexamethasone, prednisolone are also used.

Forecast

Today, bronchial asthma is not amenable to full cure. However, a large range of drugs allows minimizing its signs and significantly improve the quality of the patient's life. Some children have signs of asthma disappearing with age independently.

Used Books:
1. Allergology and Immunology / Ed. A.A. Baranova and R.M. Khaitova: Union of Pediatricians of Russia. - 3rd ed., Act. And add. - M.: Union of Pediatricians of Russia, 2011. - 256 p. - (clinical recommendations for pediatricians).
2. Elimmer pediatrician / ed. IN. Bykov, A.S. Kalmykova. - ed. 3rd, recreation. and add. - Rostov N / D: Phoenix, 2007. - 573 p. - (Medicine).
3. Pamp the pediatrician. 2nd ed. / Ed. N.P. Shabalov. - SPb.: Peter, 2009. - 720 p. - (Series "Satellite of the doctor").

Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic illness Among children. Moreover, every year the number of kids diagnosed with bronchial asthma in our country (and in the world as a whole) significantly increases. What should be aware of asthma parents so that the insidious manifestations of this disease have their children minimal?

Despite the fact that bronchial asthma is extremely heavy and very common illness in the world among children, modern medicine has in its arsenal effective funds that allow astmatics to live long, fully and happily.

The farther in the forest, the less asthmatics

Today is overall people on earth just over 300 million are sick bronchial asthma. Every 10 years, the number of asthmatics increases by 50%. According to physicians, this is a very depressing statistics!

Interestingly, according to statistics in developed, civilized asthmatic countries, more and the risk of acquiring this disease is much higher than in those regions where technical progress does not have a serious threat to ecology.

In this sense, the connection of bronchial asthma and quality ambient Obvious - to breathe "heavy" contaminated air to people (and children - especially!) Without risk to health, it is really difficult. Meanwhile, the exact and indisputable causes of the occurrence and development of this disease are still not identified by scientists. In the same region, some people can literally choke in the daily attacks of bronchial asthma, and others - not even know what it is.

Bronchial asthma took the child for the throat

Bronchial asthma is chronic inflammation The respiratory tract, which is enhanced by the influence of certain factors or irritants. These factors (or irritants) cause bronchial hyperreaction, which manifests itself as the strongest edema of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, excessive formation of mucus and bronchospasm. As a result, the so-called bronchial obstruction occurs in the respiratory tract - a serious obstacle to full breathing.

Externally, the attack of bronchial asthma is well recognizable - the child scrolls and chips, in his throat, a characteristic repeating whistle is heard, shortness of breath and signs of choking.

Sometimes the attacks of bronchial asthma pass independently, without interfering with drugs. However, most often such obstruction of bronchi, due to the obvious threat of stroke, requires the immediate use of special medicines.

Rarely when a bronchial asthma attack arises "on the empty" place, most often its "flash" is provoked by certain conditions or factors: a strong sharp smell, excessive physical exertion, stress, etc.

Factors that cause aggravation of bronchial asthma in children and adults:

Smoke (ordinary and especially tobacco);
Animal wool (and if it is extremely accurate, then not wool itself, and particles of the epithelium on it);
Mold indoors;
Homemade ticks that live in household dust;
Pollen some plants;
Physical exercise;
Strong stress or emotional shock;
Allergic reaction to some medicines (most common - aspirin);
Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle;
Cold frosty air.

One of the ways of treating bronchial asthma is an attempt to eliminate astmatics from the life of adverse factors capable of provoking the attacks of choking.

Symptoms of bronchial asthma in children

Basically, all the signs and symptoms of bronchial asthma in children are reduced to difficulty breathing, which manifests itself from time to time against the background of quite ordinary circumstances. For example - at night during sleep, after physical activity, or at the time of emotional shock (fright, delight, etc.).

The main symptom of the presence of bronchial asthma is difficult to breathe. Namely - a problem exhalet. If you notice that your child is breathing easily, deeply and quiet, and it breathes hard, long and with a characteristic whistle, you should sign up for a consultation to the pulmonologist - your child has an obvious sign of bronchial asthma.

Please note that the child has difficulty breathing with wheezing and whistle may be with other diseases: for example, with strong, if or. However, in this case, breathing problems will be accompanied by other symptoms - elevated temperature, lack of appetite, tearing. But as soon as the sickness itself passes, breathing will noticeably improve. And only at bronchial asthma, difficulty breathing happens "unfortunately" and in the absence of other symptoms.

You already know that chief symptom Asthma is embarrassed. But few people know (even among doctors!) That the rate of exhalation can be measured. For this, special devices are invented, which are called picofloumetres. With the help of these devices - compact, not too expensive and accessible to each family - you can not only reliably find out if a child has signs of asthma or not, but also to make sure whether he helps him the introduced medicine or not.

Treatment of bronchial asthma in children

Bronchial asthma is a disease "with experience", she was opened yesterday. And if the doctors have not yet been clearly clear the causes of its occurrence of a person, then effective plans Her treatment has long been designed and improved. In the arsenal of doctors, there are special protocols, clearly prescribed than and how the bronchial asthma should be treated in a particular child, depending on the severity of the attacks, which he happens.

These supporting therapy protocols help to significantly ease the life of sick children in 99.9% of cases of bronchial asthma. And not only ease, but also to allow these kids to live full life: To play sports, travel, start pets.

Popular children's doctor, Dr. E. O. Komarovsky: "Believe me, a child, a sick bronchial asthma, may well be in the future Olympic champion! But only if he receives adequate and qualified medical care. "

Main group medicinal preparationsWith the help of which supporting therapy is carried out at bronchial asthma, so-called topical steroids.
And you do not need to be afraid of any (often contrived, rather than real) side effects or addiction. In the case of the treatment of bronchial asthma, applied topical steroids do not affect the entire body as a whole, simply because they do not fall into the blood.

What exactly the drug of the group of topical steroids is suitable for your child, and how to use it properly - you will tell you in detail.

What to do in case of an attack of bronchial asthma?

In the case of a serious attack of bronchial asthma (which can happen anywhere and ever, suddenly and often without reason), it is necessary to apply no supporting therapy measures, and emergency care.

Indeed, in a situation with instantaneous inflammation in the respiratory tract (swelling, discharge of mucus and bronchospasm) there is no other way to quickly and efficiently alleviate the breath of the attacked and choking child, except to deliver a strong brightness to the respiratory path. Best way do it - again use a inhaler that allows small particles Medicines in seconds reach the affected area in bronchi. And one of the most efficient and proven drugs for emergency assistance in the attack of bronchial asthma in children is an aerosol salbutamol.

Already at the age of 6-7 years, the child can be trained independently use the pocket inhaler if necessary.

Assign only a doctor is entitled to appoint Salbutamol, but they should be able to use any parent, whose child is ill bronchial asthma.

However, it is necessary to take a breath when pressed on the inhaler (at the time of the pshika, it is necessary to deeply inhale so that the medicine reaches the bronchi) are not all children - the kids about 5-6 years old can not be done yet. But these crumbs also suffer from bronchial asthma!

For such children, special inhalers have been developed - nebulizers. In addition, when treating kids, so-called spacers are often used. These devices are a kind of transient element between the inhaler (which is inserted into the spacer) and the child.

If you are a parent of a baby, who has bronchial asthma, then strictly speaking - you do not have a moral right to go out with a child from the house, without having a "charged" inhaler with a spacer or nebulizer.

As a rule, one pshik inhaler provides one dose of medication. For acute attack Bronchial asthma The child with signs of choke is introduced 2-4 doses of the drug every 10 minutes - until his condition improves and it will not begin to breathe freely. If the drug does not help and obvious improvements does not occur - this is a reason for emergency hospitalization.

And do not be afraid to use inhalers in an attack! Even if the bright-sewing preparation (Salbutamola type) is 4 doses every 10 minutes for an hour (a child of any age) - an overdose will not. Such a regime is approved and recommended WHO with emergency care in the case of an attack of bronchial asthma.

Dr. E. O. Komarovsky: "When you see, how your child suffocates and lights in the attack of bronchial asthma, you should not get the eyes to the sky, but confidently and adequately use inhalers and medicines! If your baby is asthmatic - you are just obliged to be able to! "

The picofloumetre mentioned above will help determine how efficiently helps (or does not help) medicine when attacking bronchial asthma. It is necessary to measure the power of the exhalation before the introduction of the drug, and then measure it 10-15 minutes after using the aerosol. Indicators should increase the minimum of 10-15%.

Treatment of bronchial asthma in children: 3 steps to full-fledged life

So, the treatment of bronchial asthma is reduced to the three main methods:

1 Supporting drug therapy (which allows you to keep the inflammatory process in the respiratory tract and lead a normal lifestyle);
2 Avoiding factors capable of provoking the attack of bronchial asthma and choking (more often make wet cleaning in the house, remove all the "dust collectors" of the type of carpets, libraries to the ceiling and window curtains with runs and brushes);
3 skill independently (and gradually you must teach your child) to use a pocket inhaler for emergency assistance in the case of an attack of bronchial asthma.

What is categorically impossible to do in case of an attack of bronchial asthma in a child

Alas, but not all attacks of bronchial asthma ends safely - this disease has its statistics female outcome. And that the most annoying is often to blame for the death of small asthmatics not only the disease, but also reckless, unreasonable actions of adults who are trying to use to remove the attack of bronchial asthma, the drugs are not adequate. So, the child with the attack of bronchial asthma can not be given:

Mukolitiki (Excraceing products used to treat cough). Mulcolics stimulate the formation of mucus in the respiratory tract, and it is an excessive amount when an asthma attack;
Sedatives. Any soothing remedies reduce the depth of breathing, which is unacceptable in asthma attack;
Antibiotics. Antibiotics are related to asthma only in the only case - when there is a complication in the form of inflammation of the lungs, but in any other case, antibiotics during asthma - the most stupid and worthless "weapons".

Perhaps, 20-25 years ago, asthmatics were indeed forced to "slave" to adjust their existence under the "whim" of their illness: any sport (except is that chess) was for them banned; The perspective of a kitten has been approximately as remote as the ability to fly to Mars; To do home cleaning they could except only in the respirator, etc. And, of course, children with bronchial asthma suffered stronger than all - neither jump, nor to run, no puppy squeezed ...

But nowadays the picture in the root is different! Today's level of medicine allows astmatics (including children with bronchial asthma) to enjoy life almost on par with all other people.

Bronchial asthma in children, the symptoms of the development of which can be easily determined, is increasingly found in childhood or even infant age. In this case, the course of the disease is chronic, accompanied by obstruction or periods of relative calm.

The scheme of development of pathology

In the human body there are bronons that are part respiratory system. Present branched formations inside the lungs. Outside, they are covered with a layer of smooth muscles, the reduction of which causes a decrease in the lumen of the bronchi, and relaxation is the cause of expansion. Similar work of muscle fibers natural for human body. The presence of muscles is needed to increase the lumen, in cases where you want to breathe large quantity air when exercise.

At bronchial asthma there is a violation normal work musculature.

In the presence of an external stimulus, which any allergen can act, excessive physical activity, emotional tension, an involuntary spasm of bronchi appears, manifested in time.

Also, due to the flow of an allergic reaction and concomitant inflammatory processThe swelling of the mucous membrane occurs, accompanied by the appearance of a viscous "vitreous" sputum. This factor multiplies the situation.

Left - bronchi healthy man, in the center - bronchi of a pain of bronchial asthma (BA), right - attack in a patient asthma

The diagnosis of bronchial asthma can be delivered after the first manifestations of the signs described in this article, but a complete examination is required to clarify the detention of a doctor.

7 The main reasons for the development of bronchial asthma in children

The causes of bronchial asthma in children for the most part are associated with allergic predisposition, or are the consequences of frequent colds.

Mikhailova Love Igorevna, Allergist doctor, 1st city clinical hospital, Kirov

My profile is allergic, and precisely with this reason the occurrence of asthma children and adults are sent to me. Immediately I will say that the treatment of bronchial asthma in a child is a long and complex process. Reception required for a long time of various drugs.

It is necessary to determine the allergen, which causes the development of the crisis. It is difficult for the child to explain why he can not eat eggs or honey, because he does not understand what is allergic. With certain resistance of the parents, it is possible to exclude "harmful" products from the diet, which helps to cope with asthma "low blood".

For understanding how to treat bronchial asthma in a child, the reasons should be known. Adopted allotment 7 The main causes of the occurrence of this unpleasant disease:

Forms of bronchial asthma and its division into classes

When diagnosing the disease, all pulmonologists should be guided by a document published by WHO. All available varieties of bronchial asthma in this document are divided in accordance with the two criteria:

features of the origin of the disease;
the severity of its flow.

But in the light of the last scientific research, such large division is clearly not sufficient because new methods in the classification of asthma should take into account a large number of Nuances, among which:

the severity of the disease until the start of treatment;
there is a response response of the body for the treatment carried out and how significant it is;
is it possible to control the course of the disease in such a way as to extend the periods of remission and prevent the occurrence of new attacks;
is there a relationship between the cause of the occurrence of the disease and the peculiarities of its flow;
possible causes of the manifestation of complications during the course of illness.

A clear definition of the cause of the appearance of a disease can lead not only to effective therapy, but will also help to relocate the attack of bronchial asthma. For reasons, the disease is divided into three large subgroups:

Bronchial asthma - an allergic form

In a similar case, the causative agent of the disease is an external stimulus in the form of an allergen, entering the children's body with a respiratory manner or with food, which is less common. As respiratory allergens are considered:

disputes of mushrooms;
pollen plants;
animal wool;
ticks;
tobacco smoke.

Bronchi Astmatism's bronon is sharply reacting to smoke cigarettes

The initial reaction with a similar form always develops in the field of respiratory tract and is manifested in the form of sinusitis, rhinitis ,.

Against the flow of these accompanying diseases, the atopic bronchial asthma in children begin to develop. Much less often the cause of the development of attacks can be food. It is accompanied by, along with the occurrence of external manifestations, in the form of rash, redness, violations of the chair, cough or attacks of choking.

How to distinguish the usual cough from allergic, see.

In food allergies, the attack of bronchial asthma occurs in children, which can lead to a state known as anaphylactic shock. In this case, urgent help in bronchial asthma in children is required.

Infectious-dependent asthma

Such a disease such as bronchial asthma in children, Komarovsky is also divided into an endogenous variety of illness. In this case, the factors leading to a change in the lumen of bronchi and cough and attacks are microorganisms.

In accordance with statistical data, respiratory diseases and bacterial infections Astmatic attacks can provoke the upper respiratory tract in childhood.

Identify cases of this variety of asthma is quite simple: All symptoms quickly disappear when conducting hormone therapy and in the case of the use of drugs belonging to the group of broutine.

Mixed asthma

The pathogens of this variety of the disease are both allergens and microorganisms. Factors provoking the disease can be:

bad environmental situation;
stressful situations;
bad habits;
various chemical stimuli.

A separate variety of bronchial asthma, not included in any category, is a cough form of illness. Due to the lack of pronounced symptoms, it is difficult to diagnose.

Manifests such a kind against the background permanent coughwhich may indicate such diseases as bronchial obstruction.

The early detection of allergen and its full exception to the child will be the key to rapid recovery. Therefore, you should not pull on a visit to an allergist.

Symptoms, giving the right to suspect the presence of asthma

Cough is a protective mechanism when the body reacts to the irritation of the respiratory tract.

Timely diagnosis of any disease is a faithful chance to provide competent and true treatment. Asthma is no exception to general rules. Bronchial asthma in children whose symptoms are known - a notch that can be defeated. The first signs that should be a "anxious bell" for parents are as follows:

systematically emerging whistling when child breathing;
frequent no apparent reasons;
coughing or weight gain with direct contact with the source of allergies;
the emergence of whistles in breathing after exercise or emotional shocks;
full absence of the desired efficiency from application.

At the same time there is a division of asthma in gravity of its manifestation:

Easy degree is characterized by short-term and rare manifestations of major symptoms. Attacks are short and well eliminate with the help of appropriate drugs. After physical activity, the child's deterioration is not observed. Night cough is missing.
The average degree is distinguished by the regularity of the emergence of attacks that are weekly. Symptoms in the form of night cough seizures also show periodic character. Physical exercises possible only in limited volume.
A severe degree in which infectious-allergic bronchial asthma occurs, is characterized by very frequent attacks that have a long time. Night cough May cause an attack of suffocation at bronchial asthma. Practical completely excluded periods of absence of symptoms. Physical activity is contraindicated.

In cases where the resulting crisis cannot be eliminated by its own forces, urgent help is required when the bronchial asthma attacks, which doctors may have emerge.

Diagnostic events

Holding diagnostic eventsFor the basis of which the history of the disease is taken (bronchial asthma in a child) includes a whole range of measures aimed at determining the type of illness, the degree of its gravity, and other related parameters.

The first stage of diagnosis is the study of the history, the definition of external signs of the presence of the disease.

The next step, with existing suspicions, it is on asthma, is the appointment clinical studieswhich include blood test. During the analysis, the immunological status of the disease is determined, and tests are also carried out on the identification of a group of allergens that are causally significant.

Also during the period of diagnostics, the instrumental parameters are checked. They include checking respiratory function . Also at this stage are the studies of all internal organs, through the ECG, ultrasound.

Bronchial asthma: the history of therapy disease is final stage Diagnostics and is a descriptive part of the history and genesis of the disease, as well as the data obtained research results.

In the future, the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children allows not only the treatment of a patient in the event of crises, but also the prevention of bronchial asthma in children during remission periods is also carried out.

Bronchial asthma in children, symptoms and treatment

After laying the diagnosis and definitions that the child suffers from this disease, the basic therapy of bronchial asthma is required in children.

The use of the nebulizer will help ease the attack on the road and at home

There are several treatment options, among which can be distinguished traditional drug methods and folk Methods, mostly consisting in the holding of phytotherapy.

Treatment of bronchial asthma in children people's methods And the use of inhalers cannot be considered the only way to defeat the ailment, and it is able to effectively influence only in the complex with the reception of medicines.

If there is a bronchial asthma in children, clinical recommendations There can only be given the attending physician on the basis of a number of factors.

With medication treatment, two groups of therapeutic courses are distinguished:

symptomatic when treatment is reduced to the removal of emerging attacks;
the basic when the drugs are taken for a long time aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease.

As drugs, with symptomatic treatment, drugs that have a vasodilatory action are used to quickly increase the lumen of the bronchi and relieve breathing.

It is impossible to use the drug in the exacerbation period more often than once in 20 minutes

This includes drugs:

Bitolterol;
Terbutalin;
Theophylline;
Hipratropy Bromide, and a number of others.

It is possible to take drugs in the inhalation form, which simplifies the process of receiving the drug, but efficiency is reduced, since most active substance It is settled in the throat, and to the bronchi "gets" only 20%.

Among the existing techniques, to improve the proceeds of the active substance in bronchi when carrying out inhalation treatment, can be noted.

This type of inhalers capable of translating a medicine from liquid form In the fine aerosol, which positively affects the absorption of the active substance.

Kiryanov Mikhail Vladislavovich, a pulmonologist, a clinic of modern medicine "Yunes", Vladimir

The treatment of bronchial asthma is always a rather difficult process, requiring long-term diagnosis and all possible assistance from the parents of the child and the doctor.

For the most part, in my practice there are cases of asthma caused by various allergens. In our clinic, there is an opportunity to quickly pass tests to the definition of allergens, which helps me, as a doctor, to obtain the results and understand what treatment is needed.

One of the discoveries of recent time for me was the ERIUS preparation, which is characterized by the greatest efficiency among other antihistamine drugs. Its use in most cases helps to prevent an attack on the occasion of allergen to the body.

The use of drugs for symptomatic treatment is not distinguished by a long positive effect and in most cases addictive is observed. In order to avoid such an effect, careful compliance with the dosage is required.

Epinephrine is synthetic adrenaline

For basic therapy, several groups of drugs are applied, among which:

designed to reduce allergic manifestations;
antibiotics to get rid of the available infectious pathogens;
preparations of the hormonal spectrum;
promoting the stabilization of the cell membrane.

As drugs from allergies, the greatest efficiency possesses:

Tueva;
Supratine;
Zoda;
Erius.

To stabilize cell membranes, apply:

Ketotifen;
Tillage;
Intal.

In some cases, the attending physician can prescribe such drugs such as acolat or singular, which themselves are not intended to relocate the attack or influence on the lumen of the bronchi, but help to cope the body to high sensitivity to allergens.

The most frequently used drugs, their dosage and features of the reception are shown in the table.

Name	Day dosage in accordance with age	Form release
Salbutamol.	2-6 years - 2 mg 3 times 6-12 years old - 2 mg 4 times \u003e 12 years - 4 mg 3-4 times	Spray can
Bitolterol	\u003e 12 years old - 2 inhalations In case of spasm 3 inhalations every 3 minutes	Spray can
Terbutalin	3-7 years old - 1/4 tab. Three times 7-15 years - 1/2 tab. Three times	Pills
Teophyllin	3-9 years 24 mg / kg weight 9-12 years 20 mg / kg weight 12-16 years 18 mg / kg weight \u003e 16 years old - 900 mg / day	Pills
Epinephrine (when binding an attack)	in childhood 100-500 μg	Injection
Bromide Jiprathopia.	<6 лет – 0.4 мл раствора 3-4 раза 6-12 years - 1 ml of solution 3-4 times \u003e 12 years - 2 ml of solution 3-4 times	Solution for inhalation
Tueguil	6-12 years old - 1/2 tab. 2 times \u003e 12 years old - 1 tab. 2 times	Pills
Supratin	1-12 months. - 1/4 tab. 3 times 1-6 years old - 1/4 tab. 3 times 6-14 years old - 1/2 tab. 3 times	Pills
Zoda	6-12 years old - 1 tab. \u003e 12 years old - 1 tab.	Pills
Erius	\u003e 12 years old - 1 tab. 1-5 years - 2.5 ml 6-11 years old - 5 ml \u003e 12 years - 10 ml	Tablets, syrup
Ketotifen	\u003e 3 years - 1 mg 2 times	Pills
Taily Mint	\u003e 2 years - 2 inhalations 2-4 times	Spray can
Intal	\u003e 5 years 2 inhalation 6-8 times	Spray can
Accolat	7-11 years - 10 mg twice \u003e 12 years - 20 mg twice	Pills
Singular	6-14 years old - 5 mg \u003e 15 years - 10 mg	Pills

Nursing process as part of planned treatment

Inhalation from the spacer should be carried out as quickly as possible after spraying aerosols

Highly an important point For the treatment of asthma is nursing process With bronchial asthma in children, carried out in the conditions of moving the child to the hospital.

Nursing care for bronchial asthma in children - the way to improve general state Patient, Treat the attack of bronchial asthma, prevent complications.

Three forms of such a care are distinguished:

dependent when therapy is carried out at the direction of the doctor;
interdependent when the medical sister acts as part of the brigade;
independent when care is carried out as part of monitoring the physical condition of the patient and the observance of the diet.

Nursing care for a sick asthma kid includes:

primary preparation for research and surrender tests;
implementation of the control of the execution of the doctor's instructions;
planning optimal patient care schedule;
organization of leisure. The treatment of children is a special process and requires medical sister Tips for parents for organizing a child leisure, which includes toys or books in hospital.

Prevention

As preventive measures, several simple rules are most often recommended:

Regular finding a child in the fresh air.
The elimination of contacting the possibility of contacting potential sources of allergies.
Carrying out preventive measures to improve immunity.
Passing courses of the exercise.
The implementation of regular wet cleaning indoors, where the patient lives.
Failure to surrounding smoking.
The use of synthetic fillers for pillows and blankets, as well as a decrease in the number of upholstered furniture in the apartment.
Constant struggle against rodents and home insects.

Frequency in the fresh air reduces the risk of disease. Therefore, it follows more often to go beyond the city, to be in the forest or village.

Compliance with the rules will minimize the risk of bronchial asthma in a child.

The article describes in detail the symptoms and treatment of bronchial asthma in children, as well as other nuances of the disease. Parents must study the information about this pathology in advance to avoid its occurrence, know the first emergency response techniques.

The pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children is a mechanism for the formation of a disease that consists of 2 stages:

Immunological. At this stage, Allergen in the way of breathing provokes the appearance of a complex immune response.
Pathophysiological. At this stage, the following happens:

on the mucous membrane of the bronchi affects the irritant;
there is a swelling of the mucous membrane;
there is an increased alimony;
bronchospasm is formed.

Because of the lumen of the bronchi becomes a narrow, asthmatic can produce a deep breath and exhale, Begins the attack of suffocation.

Bronchial asthma has several forms:

infectious-allergic bronchial asthma;
atopic;
neatopic (non-allergy).

Causes of bronchial asthma in children

Atopic bronchial asthma in children is the most common (90% of cases):

Allergens in the form of dust ticks, pollen plants, drugs, animal wool.
Hereditary predisposition. If one of the parents have such pathology, it should be more attentive to treat the health of his baby. With primary medical examination, report this pediatrician.
Gastrointestinal diseases may be provocatives: gastritis, constipation or diarrhea, intestinal dysbiosis.
The most frequent causes are ORVI, bronchitis, illness of infectious origin, cold. Disease pathogens provoke changes in bronchial mucosa, as a result of which it becomes more susceptible to allergens.
Aspirin consumption. Although the medicine itself is not an allergic compound, it can provoke the formation of substances causing bronchospasm.
Excitement, fright, stress.

The first signs of bronchial asthma in a child: after awakening there is a frequent sneezing, the flow of mucus from the nasal cavity, after 2 hours it develops cough in dry form, closer to noon the cough becomes productive. Then the main symptoms begin to manifest.

Symptoms of bronchial asthma in children

Parents must be alerted at the following symptoms:

Sneezing and tears - signs of having a reaction to allergens

Under the age of 1 year:
- eugene of almonds;
- "Slopping" breathing;
- sleep disturbance;
- frequent sneezing, separation from the nasal cavity, cough;
- disruption of the gastrointestinal tract.
From 1 to 6 years:
- if breathing occurs in the mouth, crumpled occurs;
- after any load, a dry allocation appears.
Starting from the age of 12 - the development of cough in sleeping condition, fear of games.

The main manifestation is the attack of suffocation. Initially difficulty breathing can manifest themselves with a cold, shaking (mostly at night), increased temperature Body.

Classification and extent, exacerbation factors

The classification of pathology is difficult to define, as accompanied by different symptoms.

The disease is classified by:

severity at the beginning of treatment;
asthmatic signs;
phases of flow;
availability of complications.

4 degrees of illness are distinguished:

Intermittent. At this stage, the suffocation rarely appears. For this degree, it is characterized by the appearance of wheezing, shaking once a week (no more than 2 times a month).
Persistent. At this stage, difficulty breathing occurs more than 1 time in 7 days (not daily).
Persistent moderate severity. Daytime attacks occur every day, night - several times a week.
Severe persistent course of the disease. Provocates the appearance of asthmatic status. Symptoms manifests itself throughout the day.

Diagnosis of the disease

In the event of attacks, you need a visit to the pediatrician to diagnose bronchial asthma in children. The doctor must inspect, poll the parents about the diseases suffered.

This is necessary to clarify the heredity of the baby to the development of allergic reactions that provoked the attack. Then send to the pulmonologist, an allergist.

Not excess will be a visit to such doctors:

immunologist;
Laura;
nutrition;
physiotherapist;
dentistist (to eliminate chronic infectious foci).

In addition, the doctor prescribes additional surveys in the form:

general I. biochemical analysis blood;
fluorography;
diagnostic samples;
spirometry.

Based on the history of bronchial asthma disease, a specialist voicates clinical recommendations to parents, assigns therapy. If the pediatrician prescribed glucocorticosteroid drugs for a long time, it is worth periodically attending an endocrinologist to prevent the development of complications in the form of changes in the adrenal glands.

First aid: what to do is prohibited

Emergency assistance in the attack of bronchial asthma is inhalation by a special means for asthmatics. If the parent knows exactly what an allergen provokes the development of an attack from Chad, it is necessary to eliminate contact with it. After that, call an ambulance aid.

mulitatic means, since they provoke excessive sputum;
sedative preparations that make it difficult to form a deep breath and exhalation;
antibiotics.

Medicia treatment

Therapy traditional medicine divided into 2 groups:

To provide emergency care for the attacks of chunk in the child, take the rule to keep inhaler with you

Treatment to eliminate symptoms. It is used to relieve the attack of bronchial asthma, contributes to the stretching of the bronchi. If the attack occurs, put the patient on the bed and open the window. To eliminate the light attack of suffocation, inhalations are used (Berothek, Atrovant). In the pathology of moderate gravity, drugs are used intravenously (zufilline solution 2.4%), prednisitone - severe course illness.
The main therapy, which includes the application:

drugs against allergies (suprastin);
antibacterial medicines;
membrane-stabilizing means (Intal).

Nursing care for bronchial asthma in children are needed to improve the state of astmatics, developing remission, preventing complications.

The nursing process at bronchial asthma involves:

study conversations;
preparation of the patient for the examination;
control of the execution of medical purposes;
patient care planning.

Therapy of the considered pathology is carried out under the supervision of the doctor.

Non-media treatment: 6 alternative species

Treatment of bronchial asthma in children by folk remedies is directed to:

sounding sputum (mother-and-stepmother, nettle);
elimination of inflammatory processes (yarrow, meduse, sage, chamomile);
elimination of spasms (Fennel, Baguli, Chamomile, Hyft);
strengthening immune system (horsetail, cleanliness, echinacea).

Treatment of pathology by alternative methods:

Diet pattern. Compliance with the dietary diet with a predominance of food, which contains vitamin E, excluding hypoallergenic products.

Physiotherapy. Phonophoresis, inhalation and restore the respiratory tract.
Breathing exercises. For this, the complex of exercises A. N. Strelnikova is great.
Galotherapy. A visit to the salt cave favorably affects the body.
Massage course. Helps reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. Effective as an additional procedure for wet wet in bronchi.

Possible consequences and complications

Complications may be in the form:

acute respiratory failure;
asthmatic status;
spontaneous pneumothorax.

There are heart, respiratory, brain, chronic respiratory, gastrointestinal, metabolic complications. The most frequent - atelectasis, emphysema, pneumothorax.

Prevention

As the prevention of bronchial asthma, children need to follow the following rules:

In a timely manner to contact the pediatrician for the purpose of therapy of all pathologies of the respiratory system.
Exclude allergic foods from the child's diet.
Eliminate contacts with potential allergens (animals, plants).
Refuse smoking in the presence of a child.
Regularly organize the ventilation and wet cleaning.
Do not allow supercool children's body (Find out how to organize it right).
For the washing of things, the baby apply hypoallergenic agents.
Exclude stressful situations.

conclusions

Observing the prevention and treatment measures assigned to the pediatrician can be for a long time to stop asthmatic seizures and develop the remission. The treatment of the disease is considered a complex process, so it is impossible to be treated independently.

About the most frequent chronic disease - bronchial asthma, tells Dr. Komarovsky:

Bronchial asthma is a chronic disease that develops on the soil of an allergic inflammatory process in the air-and-axial paths of the child. There is an acute spasm of bronchi and amplification of the discharge of mucus. Accumulation of mucus in bronchi against the background of their spasm leads to bronchial obstruction (obstruction of bronchi).

Bronchial asthma is enough dangerous disease; It can develop in any, even infant, age.

There are atopic (allergic) and nonopic (nonallergic) forms of bronchial asthma. Atopic form prevails, it is celebrated in 90% of children with this disease. The disease has a chronic flow with alternating exacerbations and intergreacarial periods.

Causes of bronchial asthma

Allergic diseases of the child increase the likelihood of a bronchial asthma.

Hereditary predisposition to the atopic form of the disease: if one of the parents suffers from bronchial asthma - the likelihood of asthma in a child is 25-30%, if both parents are up to 75-80%.
Availability in a child or his family members allergic disease (Atopic dermatitis, polynosis, food or drug allergies) is a signal: bronchial asthma can develop. In 60% of children with bronchial asthma, relatives suffer from allergic diseases.

In the first year of the life of the children of allergens, more often penetrate the body through gastrointestinal (food allergy), and more older children prevail polynomy. Often the reason for the occurrence of this disease becomes a pathological response to home dust, pollen of plants, drugs and food products. Allergens from pollen of herbs and trees can have a seasonal allergizing effect (from May to September).

The most pronounced ability to provoke bronchial spasms have microscopic ticks living in home dust, carpets, soft toys Bedding. A high sensitizing role also play the fluff and feather of birds in blankets and pillows, mold on the walls of raw rooms. Wool and saliva pets (dogs, cats, guinea pigs, hamsters), dry food for aquarium fish, fluff and feathers of domestic birds also often contribute to the allergy of the child. Even after the removal of an animal from the room, the concentration of allergens in the apartment decreases gradually, for several years.

Environmental factor: inhalation with air harmful substances (exhaust gases, soot, industrial emissions, household aerosols) - frequent cause Asthma development due to immune disorders in the body.

An important factor of the risk of asthma is smoking (for young children - passive smoking, or by being near the smoking person). Tobacco smoke is a strong allergen, so if at least one of the parents smokes, the risk of asthma in the child is significantly (ten times!) Increases.

Viruses and bacteria, causing the defeat of respiratory organs (, ORZ, ARVI), contribute to the penetration of allergens in the walls of the bronchial tree and the development of the obstruction of the bronchi. Often repeated obstructive bronchitis can be a starting mechanism for bronchial asthma. Individual increased sensitivity only for infectious allergens causes the development of a nonopic bronchial asthma.

Factors of physical impact on the body (overheating, supercooling, physical activity, a sharp change of weather with atmospheric pressure drops) can trigger the attack of suffocation.

Asthma can be a consequence psycho-emotional tension child (stress, fright, constant scandals in the family, conflicts in school, etc.).

A separate form of the disease is "aspirin" asthma: the attack of a suffocation occurs after the use of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). The drug itself is not an allergen. When it is used, active biological substances are distinguished, they cause bronchial spasms.

The occurrence of attacks can be facilitated by taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and a number of other drugs, drugs in color capsules. as well as foods containing food dyes.

Aggravate the severity of bronchial asthma maybe digestive tract:,. The emergence of an asthma attack at night may be associated with casts of gastric content in the esophagus (duoden-garbage reflux).
The reason for the occurrence of asthma in the first months of the life of the baby can be smoking a woman when carrying a child, excessive use of allergizing products (honey, chocolate, fish, citrus fruits, eggs, etc.), infectious diseases during pregnancy and the use of medicines.

Symptoms of bronchial asthma

The disease can begin with imperceptibly, with manifestations, poorly treatable. Bronchial asthma develops more often in children until three years, boys are more often sick.

A wrapping of parents and make suggestion the development of a bronchial asthma should have such manifestations:

periodically emerging whistling breathing;
cough appearance, mainly at night;
the appearance of cough or whistling breathing after contact with the allergen;
cough with whistling breathing after emotional or exercise;
lack of effect from antitussive preparations and the effectiveness of anti-asthma agents.

The main manifestation of bronchial asthma is an attack of suffocation. Usually such an attack appears on the background of ARVI. Initially, breathing may occur when high temperatures, cough (especially at night), runny nose. Then the attacks of a difficulty whistling breathing becomes more often, there is no connection with colds - when contacting an animal or with exercise, near plants with a sharp odor or when changing the weather.

In the occurrence of the attack of bronchial asthma, the exhalation is difficult in children. Normally, the duration of the inhalation and exhalation is the same in time, and with asthma, the breath is twice as long. Breathing is a rapid, whistling, noisy, audible at a distance. The chest during an attack is somewhat bloated, the face acquires a crimson tint.

The child takes a forced pose: Sitting, leaning a little, leaning on his hands, the head is drawn, the shoulders are raised (so called. "Coucher's posture"). Inhale short, not providing advent of sufficient oxygen. With a long-term attack, pain in the lower chest departments may appear, the cause of which is an increased load on the diaphragm. The attack can last from a few minutes to several hours. The cough at the same time is at first dry, painful, and then thick, viscous springs can be released.

Sometimes the atypical species of bronchial asthma is developing - the cough version: the classic attack of the suffocation does not occur, the symptom of the disease is a painful cough with a thick and viscous sputum, which occurs mainly at night.

Older children complain about the lack of air, and the kids cry, concern. The attack is more often developing very quickly, instantly after contact with the allergen. But some children may precede the "precursors": nasal congestion, complaints of itching in the throat, cough, rash on the skin and skin itch, as well as irritability, drowsiness or anxiety.

Oxygen starvation of fabrics (including brain) contributes to the lag behind a child suffering from bronchial asthma, in intellectual, physical and sexual development. Such children are emotionally labils, neurosis can develop.

Classification

According to the classification of bronchial asthma, children distinguish a lightweight, medigative and severe course of the disease, depending on the frequency of attacks, their severity and the need to use anti-asthma medicines.

Easy degree:

symptoms arise episodically;
asthma attacks are short-lived, arise spontaneously and bought by the reception of bronchodilics;
at night there are no diseases or they are rare;
physical exertion is transferred normally or with minor violations;
during the remission, the function of external respiration is not violated, there is no manifestation of the disease.

Medium-heavy degree:

attacks arise once a week;
the seizures are moderate, often requires the use of bronchoditics;
night symptoms are regular;
it is noted to restrict the portability of physical exertion;
without conducting basic therapy, remission is incomplete.

Heavy degree:

attacks are celebrated several times a week (may occur daily);
the attacks have a heavy, protracted character, the daily use of bronchodiolitic corticosteroids is necessary;
night manifestations are repeated every night, even several times per night, sleep is broken;
dramatically reduces the tolerability of exercise;
there are no periods of remission.

If the attack fails for a few hours - this is an asthmatic status that requires immediate hospitalization of the child.

Treatment

First of all, it is necessary to identify an allergen that provokes the bouts of bronchial asthma, and try to exclude or at least minimize the contact of the child with him.

To begin with, install an allergen (provoking factor) and completely eliminate any contact of the child with it:

regularly carry out wet cleaning of the room (if necessary with anticipating agents); When cleaning, use the vacuum cleaner with a water filter; apply air cleaners for air filtration;
purchase for a child pillows and blankets with hypoallergenic synthetic fillers;
eliminate games with soft toys;
place books in glazed cabinets;
remove extra upholstered furniture, and the needy to hide the fabric without a pile;
in the case of significant air pollution, change the place of residence;
during the flowering period of provoking asthmatic attacks of plants to minimize the child's stay in the fresh air - only in the evening, after the dew drops, or after the rain; Spend a special grid on the windows;
with "asthma of physical effort" significantly reduce the load, including jumping and running;
when "aspirin" asthma, exclude the use of provoking drug attacks.

Medicia treatment

Medical treatment of bronchial asthma is divided into two groups: symptomatic treatment (stopping the attack of suffocation) and basic therapy.

Treatment of bronchial asthma in children quite difficult process: medicia treatment There may be only a doctor. It is impossible to engage in self-treatment, since the improper use of drugs can aggravate the course of the disease, lead to a longer and frequent attacks of choking, the development of respiratory failure.

Symptomatic treatment Includes preparations that have bronighting effect: Ventoline, Berretk, Salbutamol. With severe course, corticosteroid preparations are also used. It is important not only the choice of the drug, and the method of its introduction.

The most frequently used method is inhalation (the medicine enters the lungs in the form of an aerosol). But it is difficult for small children to use an inhaler's balloon: a child may not understand the instructions and incorrectly inhale the drug. In addition, with this method of administration, most of the medication remains on back wall Things (no more than 20% of the drug reaches bronchi).

Currently, there are a number of devices that allow you to improve the delivery of the medication into the lungs. For the treatment of children, these devices are optimal: they allow you to use a medicine in a smaller dose, which reduces the risk of side effects.

Spacer is a special camera, an intermediate tank for an aerosol. The medicine in the chamber comes from the can, and it is already inhaled by a child. This allows you to make several inhales, 30% of the drug in the form of an aerosol fall into the lungs. The spacer is not used to introduce a medication in the form of a powder.

Together with the spacer, the system "Light breathing" is used: the inhaler turns on automatically (there is no need to press the inhaler on the chamber of the valve at the moment of inhalation). The aerosol cloud is thrown away at a lesser speed and the medicine does not settle in the throat, in the lungs penetrate two times more medication.

Cyclohelher, dischecher, Turbukhaler is the same as the spacer, fixtures, only for the introduction of powder.

Nebulizer (inhaler) is an apparatus that allows you to translate medication into an aerosol. There are compressor (inkjet and pneumatic) and ultrasound nebulizers. They allow inhalation drug solid During a long time.

Unfortunately, the preparations for symptomatic treatment have a temporary effect. Frequent, uncontrolled application of bronchoranting drugs can provoke the development of asthmatic status, when bronchi no longer react to the drug. Therefore, the older children who independently use inhalers should be clearly monitored by the dose of medication - children due to the fear of the development of the attack can overdose the bronchoranty drug.

As base therapy Several groups of drugs are used: antihistamines (TAVEGIL, Supratin, Claritin, Loratadine, etc.); Preparations that stabilize cell membrane (ketotifen, tillage, intral et al.); Antibiotics (for rehanging chronic foci of infection). May be appointed by I. hormonal drugs For the treatment of inflammation in bronchi and preventing asthma exacerbation. The basic therapy also selects the doctor individually, taking into account the characteristics of the child's body and the severity of Asthma.

Lakeotriene inhibitors (acolat, sigular) and cromons (ketoprofen, cromoglycat, etc.) are also used. They do not affect the lumen of the bronchi and do not stop the attack. These medicinal products Reduce the individual sensitivity of the child's body to allergens.

The prescribed supporting therapy or basic therapy parents should not be canceled independently. It should not be arbitrary to change the dosage of drugs, especially if appointed. The reduction in the dose is carried out when there was not a single attack within six months. If remission is observed for two years, the doctor cancels the drug completely. If after stopping the preparation of the drug, the attack occurs - the treatment is started again.

Important is timely treatment Chronic foci of infection (, sinusitis), diseases of the organs of the digestive tract.

Non-media treatment

From the non-drug treatment methods should be indicated on physiotherapeutic treatment, therapeutic physical culture, massage, needleflexotherapy, various breathing techniques, hardening the child, the use of a special microclimate of mountains and salt caves. During the remission applied spa treatment (The season and view of the resort consistent with the doctor) at the resorts of the southern coast of Crimea, in Kislovodsk, Elbrus, etc.

There is another type of bronchial asthma: allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT). It can receive children over the age of five. The essence of the method: introduced into the body a very small dose of Allergen, which causes an attack of an asthma in a child. Gradually, the dose of the injected allergen increases, as if "involve" the body to Allergen. The course of treatment lasts 3 and more months. As a result of treatment, asthma attacks stop.

Fitotherapy complements and improves efficiency traditional treatment Medications contribute to a longer period of remission. It uses phytosborgs of nettle leaves and mother-and-stepmother, herbs of a richness, licorice roots and nine. Fresh decoctions You should prepare daily. Take ragners for a long time, use and doses agree with the attending physician. Parents should not be tested alternative methods Treat yourself!

With exacerbations and when attacks of bronchial asthma, you can use champs and infusions from plants with an expectorant action (plantain, horsetail, chamomile, dandelion, dealer, calendula, nettle, yarrow, holly ward, licorice root, mother-and-stepmother). During the rehabilitation period, you can take the infusion of licorice root, Glyciram, Pervertiss for the month.

For aromatherapy, you can recommend the aromalamp of 10 minutes a day. Essential oils (lavender, tea tree, thyme) use very carefully, in microodos. You can, for example, 5 drops essential oil Add to 10 ml of massage oil and grind the chest baby.

Homeopathic treatment is also used in the treatment of bronchial asthma. A competent homeopath doctor picks up an individual treatment scheme. Alone, the same parents give drugs purchased in a homeopathic pharmacy, it is impossible!

Special asthma schools have been opened in Russia, in which sick children and parents are taught: learn to assist during an attack, explain the essence of rehabilitation, the rules of massage and therapeutic physical education, and talk about non-traditional methods Treatment. Children are taught to properly use the inhaler. In such a school, psychologists work with children.

A child suffering from bronchial asthma, it is necessary to ensure diet food:

Vegetable and cereal soups should be prepared on the beef of the second broth;

Rabbit, low-fat beef allowed in boiled form (or a couple);

Fats: sunflower, olive and butter;

Porridge: rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;

Boiled potatoes;

Fresh fruits and green vegetables;

Fermented dairy products;

White bread.

It should be limited to the use of carbohydrates (confectionery, sugar, baking, sweets). It is recommended to exclude from the ration of allergens (honey, citrus, strawberries, chocolate, raspberry, chicken eggs, fish, canned food, seafood). It is also better to do without chewing gum.

Parents can conduct a food diary, where all the products eaten by the child are fixed during the day. Comparing the resulting power and appearance of attacks, the nutritional allergens of the child can be revealed.

Bronchial asthma, which arose in childhood, even a severe form with frequent attacks, may completely disappear in the adolescence. Self-intake comes, unfortunately, only in 30-50% of cases.

A timely diagnosed bronchial asthma in a child, a clear fulfillment of all therapeutic and preventive measures - the key to success.

To which doctor to turn

From the use of allergenic products to a child suffering from bronchial asthma, one should refuse.

When the child appears, it is necessary to contact the pediatrician. He will send the kid to an allergist or a pulmonologist. Additionally, a consultation of a nutritionist, a specialist in therapeutic physical education, physiotherapist, an immunologist, an ENT doctor, a dentist (to eliminate chronic infection foci) will be useful. With long-term intake of glucocorticosteroids, even in inhalation form, it is necessary to periodically consult an endocrinologist in order not to miss the oppression of the function of the child's own adrenal glands. (votes - 1 , average: 5,00 out of 5)