The main rules of a fulfilling life. Possible reasons for the absence of an organ

Date: 21.04.2019

In contact with

classmates

The kidneys are the most important organs of a living being. If they are absent or completely removed without connecting hemodialysis ("artificial kidney"), human life is impossible. To answer the question "Is it possible to live with one kidney?", First of all, you need to understand the functions of this organ.

The kidneys are paired organs that excrete from the body unnecessary and harmful metabolic products, toxins. Main function:

filtration of blood constituents;
excretion of metabolic by-products from the body;
the formation of urine.

Direct participation in hematopoiesis.
Osmoregulation - maintaining the proper water level and the percentage of salts in the body.
Ionoregulation - regulation of the balance of acids and alkalis in blood plasma.
Metabolism (metabolism) - the formation of vitamins, maintaining the volume of lipids (fats), carbohydrates and proteins in internal fluids at the proper level.
Endocrine function - the production of hormones that are responsible for the regulation of the total volume of circulating blood, the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow, the preservation of the required amount of water in the body.

Aplasia, agenesis of an organ - underdevelopment or congenital absence of an organ.
Dysplasia is a defect in the renal tissue that prevents the organ from performing its functions.
Nephrectomy is a forced surgical removal of an organ. This measure is necessary in the presence of large cysts on the kidney, urolithiasis with purulent lesions, formation of axalat stones in the organ, serious developmental anomalies, malignant tumor, physical trauma, accompanied by the retardation of renal tissues.
Donating a kidney to another person.

magnetic resonance angiography;
Multispectral CT;
Spiral CT;
angiography-X-ray of the kidneys.

Do they live with one kidney? Definitely yes. With the loss of one organ, the other completely takes over its functions, hypertrophies (increases in size), begins to work with a vengeance. Such a phenomenon (restorative, compensatory) is the norm for a living organism.

If it is possible to live with one kidney, then is it possible to live with the absence of such? This is possible today. The solution is to install a lifelong dialysis (artificial kidney system) or a donor organ transplant. In the second case, you need to constantly be wary of kidney rejection, since the lymphocytes perceive it as an "enemy" foreign body, which needs to be neutralized, destroyed. Therefore, patients take strong immunosuppressants that suppress protective functions their body.

violation of basic renal functions;
increased blood pressure(hypertension);
education in abdominal area adhesions, hernias;
relapse of tumor formation (if the kidney was removed due to damage to it by cancer cells).

Dairy, fermented milk products - 2-3 times a week. The limitation is due to the calcium content in this food - its high concentration can cause the formation of sand in the kidney. Low-fat cottage cheese, sour cream, yogurt, cream are allowed.
Fruits and vegetables. These products, both boiled and fresh, should make up 70-80% of all food consumed. They are easy to digest, contain an optimal set of vitamins, and have a beneficial effect on digestion.
Lipids. Unrefined cold-pressed vegetable oils are acceptable: mustard, sesame, sunflower, olive, corn, linseed.
Carbohydrates. From simple species the patient is advised to refuse: sugars, sweets, carbonated drinks, bakery products made from white flour. Preference for complex carbohydrates: black grain bread, cereals, bran, vegetables.
Proteins. The amount of protein food intake (meat, fish - only low-fat varieties, eggs) should be reduced to 2-3 meals per week.
Liquids. In order not to overload the only functioning organ, you should drink no more than 1-1.5 liters of fluid per day. This volume will not overload the kidney and at the same time will contribute to the elimination of all toxins from the body. Preference for vegetable and fruit juices diluted with water, fruit drinks. Do not overuse strong black and green tea, coffee, meat broths.
Spices. Salt intake should be kept to a minimum.

Fasting, vegetarianism, and a raw food diet are undesirable - such a diet can deprive the kidney of the supporting layer of fat, thanks to which it holds tightly in place.

Food should enter the body not hot, not cold, but warm. Products are boiled, baked, stewed. A good option- purchase of a double boiler or multicooker. These devices preserve a maximum of useful and necessary microelements and vitamins in cooked dishes.

quail eggs;
low-fat dairy products;
unsalted hard cheese;
durum wheat pasta;
lean fish;
cereals;
vegetable broths;
lean veal, rabbit meat;
"White meat" of poultry - chicken, turkey;
fruit and berry juices, jellies, mousses, cocktails, compotes;
bran bread;
first courses according to vegetarian recipes, but with the addition of butter;
lettuce, beets, cucumbers, cauliflower, potato.

Unhealthy food

preservation, home and store, including from marinades and pickles;
frankfurters, sausages, smoked meats, semi-finished products;
sweets containing white sugar;
baked goods made from white flour;
sweet carbonated waters;
medicinal mineral drinks (especially those containing sodium);
any alcohol - even beer;
fatty meat and broths from it;
salty, fried, spicy food;
onions, garlic, tomatoes, spinach and mushrooms.

However, you should refrain from strength sports, exhausting workouts, professional records. It is also worth paying attention to the athlete's diet. Bodybuilders, bodybuilders are shown increased consumption protein, which is unacceptable for the diet of a person with one kidney. Sports with an increased risk of serious injury to a single organ - boxing, football, basketball - are also undesirable.

One kidney and pregnancy

Until recently, pregnancy and childbirth in the presence of one kidney were considered fatal for a woman - there was a risk that the organ could fail. The level of modern medical care allows you to get favorable prognosis pregnancy subject to comprehensive health monitoring (patients with one kidney are susceptible to infections), a certain daily regimen - alternating rest and work, correct diet... A contraindication to pregnancy is only the removal of the kidney due to cancer.

A person can be born with only one kidney. This condition is called renal agenesis. Another condition called kidney dysplasia is when a person is born with two kidneys, but only one of them is working. Most people who are born without a kidney (or with only one working kidney) can lead a normal healthy life.
A person could have one kidney removed during surgery, while treating an injury or disease (such as cancer).
A person could donate a kidney to another person who needed a transplant.

Interesting. I considered people with one kidney to be almost disabled. And here are just small restrictions. Basically, take care internal organs from injuries you need, regardless of the number of kidneys). And about the fact that the kidney is growing - I did not even suspect.
All the same, in this case, it is necessary to carefully monitor the quality of the consumed liquids.

One kidney can also affect the productive and social life- for example, it will be difficult (if unrealistic) to undergo a medical examination for admission to officer schools, police academies. And from the point of view of medicine - really 1 kidney in the process of human growth becomes "like two" and does not add any discomfort.

I did not know that a kidney accelerates its growth if left alone.
Although, what's surprising? In our body, everything is interconnected, and the work of one organ affects another.

Selling a kidney is not an option ... Of course, anything can happen and sometimes you have to get out of it, but I would start with my head. It is a pity that she is the only one with us)))

A friend had a kidney removed about 4-5 years ago, he feels quite normal after this time. The only thing is that you have to limit yourself in many ways, so as not to overload. Of course, he was removed due to illness, but it is worth looking at the Internet, many are removed simply to earn money, this is sheer stupidity!

When you're in your 50s and the memory of having your kidney removed for your new iPhone, you'll clearly hate yourself for it.

what if you remove a kidney not for the sake of an iPhone, but for the sake of being with your children?

The diet may not need to be adhered to, but alcohol is probably prohibited? Poor people!

You can live your whole life without even knowing about it and die from a completely different disease…. before, when there was no ultrasound, it was practically so.

Hello. I live with one kidney and I have high blood pressure. This is normal?

It is important to take into account your age and period, how long you already have a kidney, how often problems with blood pressure are observed.
Many people now suffer from hypertension and prehypertension, and unhealthy kidneys are one of the most common causes. The absence of one kidney can also be the cause of high blood pressure, but usually it takes long time... Those. it usually takes several years after the loss of a kidney before the pressure is affected.
It is imperative to be examined by a doctor, who, if necessary, will prescribe medications for the treatment or maintenance of normal pressure. After all high pressure affects the health of the kidneys themselves, and can further exacerbate the problem.
Try to follow the correct diet (minimum salty, sweet, fatty, spicy). But I think you yourself know what is bad for the kidneys. Within a couple of days, I will publish an article about what not to eat to maintain normal blood pressure. In the meantime, you can find out what foods can lower blood pressure. What foods can lower blood pressure. But don't look at the pepper there.

I went to the army with one kidney, served in the Far East, and even in the Marine Corps!

Hello Alexander .. I also live with one kidney, I also served in the Army, I am 33 years old, I would like to exchange impressions ... 89199342434 I have a registered vibe on this number, if you read my letter write to me, since I will not be able to call that number. to Tajikistan e

I don't think that someone will be happy with one kidney ... Problems in later life are guaranteed, but nothing can be done about it if the fate is for you (

Good day to all. My kidney was removed when I was in the first grade (I was born like this), one functioned stably, but the second did not develop at all. After the consultation, they said, it was necessary to remove it (there was no sense in it), I had to do an operation. I took the rehabilitation course for almost 2 years (I was very worried) I studied at home, I thought everything, the end of my whole life. I was convinced that I was disabled, everything was forbidden to me (I was then 6 years old, at that age you will believe everything) I limited myself in everything. By the age of 11, this began to bother me, without listening to anyone, I began to play sports, I began to temper, that is, I did everything so that my body was ready for any surprises in life. At 13, I started doing powerlifting, my parents were categorically against it, but I stubbornly decided to live a full, healthy life for myself (after a couple of years they resigned themselves) this moment I am 23 years old, more than 17 years have passed since the operation, I still do powerlifting and lead completely healthy image life, I forgot when the last time I went to the hospital, even a simple runny nose does not take me for 5 years for sure. Problems arise only in employment, the army has disappeared, any physical work is prohibited, everything related to the bodies of postures is a complete ban. As for the rest, I live a fully active life and do not pay attention to anything. So many years after the operation, my kidney has increased in size in 2 nd and functions in 2 nd with 100% efficiency. Only in the last 2 years my blood pressure began to rise. I do not feel it at all, but every time I check it, it is almost always the standard-150-160 to 80-90. That's just the most unpleasant thing I'm afraid of this heartbeat-100-110, the current is almost always, regardless of whether I do something or not. But all this does not bother me at all and is not felt in my life. In general, if you have one kidney, then you should not bury yourself, live a full, healthy life. Everything will be fine for you, good luck and a pleasant life)

Hello. I am very pleased with your attitude to life and adherence to a healthy lifestyle. This will help many who read your story. This example is very important.
But you have to do something about the pressure. This is a very big load on the cardiovascular system, which can have a strong effect in the future. It is better to consult a doctor, because there will be less harm from taking certain types of antihypertensive drugs than from hypertension without treatment. Most often, such drugs are prescribed at an upper pressure of 160, but if you have repeatedly noticed 150, then it is quite possible that it often jumps to such an indicator (especially during training). But even worse is your difference in upper and lower pressure (pulse pressure), usually a person even feels much worse. In any case, in order to make sure that there are deviations, it is required to repeatedly measure blood pressure over a period of time.
And the sport you have chosen is not very useful for yourself. I do not argue that it is one of the most fascinating and has a lot of advantages, but not for the state of health in general. Cardio is much more beneficial for of cardio-vascular system, and power, with the wrong approach, has a detrimental effect on it. But I think you will have more experience in this than mine, since it is clear that you clever man... Please consult with a therapist about this.
And so once again thank you for a wonderful example.

Cardio loads are mandatory, because only with the help of them you can make the muscles of the heart elastic and stronger. However, read the articles on this topic (how to exercise the heart properly). The pressure should at least get better. By the way, cardio training, as you probably know, helps to work out the relief, and your body is most likely not sickly pumped.
ZY I am proud of such people who do not despair, but always go forward. Good luck to you!

I have almost a similar story :) I studied at school, was engaged in boxing, wrestling. After leaving school, he entered military school, in the school he was an excellent student in sports and hand-to-hand combat :), after graduation he got to serve in a special unit, fought, after a long time he worked as an instructor for the training of officers of special forces, while actively involved in sports, he trained like an abnormal! Every day I had to endure huge physical activity! At the age of 30, I quit and left to work for civilian life, but at the same time I continue to actively engage in Muay Thai, swim, run, I really like to take a steam bath, sometimes I dive into the ice hole :). In my life I have never smoked or drank alcoholic beverages ... During my studies at school and at the military school there were two very severe pneumonia, GLORY TO GOD, everything worked out. And then at the age of 39 I was admitted to the hospital with suspicion of appendicitis and during examination they did not find appendicitis, but after a thorough examination it turned out that I did not have a right kidney and never had one, and I did not even know about it! Why am I telling this, so many people become discouraged and believe that all ... they are inferior people. It’s not like that! Of course, if my parents knew from childhood that I had such a situation, they probably would have strapped me to the sofa and forbade me to do anything, but the fact is that no one knew ... classes, I also had to lie on duty and the load was simply not human, and everything would be great. Therefore, do not be discouraged, life does not stop there! Of course, you need to monitor your diet and lifestyle, but you shouldn't be discouraged either. In conclusion, I want to say that I GLORY TO GOD have a wife and two wonderful children, moreover, absolutely healthy.
Live life to the fullest and be happy :), LET THE LORD GOD HELP US ALL!

Hello, my son, born of twins, has such a problem! He is now 20 years old and I first found out about this a month ago and only because they began to examine my son about the increased blood pressure: 170/100 is the average daily pressure, I am very worried about what will happen next! Urine and blood tests are good. Later, the urologist told me there may be problems with erection and ejaculation, since there is one ureter. Do I need a donor kidney?

I suffered from pressure for a long time. The doctors said it was from the nerves. But it turned out to be a kidney. So trust our doctors.

Hello. I have a question, is there any kind of disability group or not? If not, why not? In Russia, they immediately give the second group.

And it turns out that disability will not give or what? if an elderly person has had kidney cancer removed, disability will be given or not

The issue of assigning disability in Russia is regulated by the Order of the Ministry of Labor and social protection Russian Federation dated September 29, 2014 N 664n.
According to this normative act many factors play a role: how does the absence of a kidney affect health, how much time has passed after removal and its cause, how it affects the limitations of life (self-care, etc.). It is difficult to describe briefly everything, especially since the decision is made by a commission of specialists, which takes into account all this and, perhaps, not always as objectively as possible. But the main points can be highlighted:
1. If the only kidney is its own and there are no health problems with the second or its lesions are insignificant, then this is considered 30% of the violation of the functions of the human body (I degree). Those. these are minor violations and most likely they will not give the group, if there are also no restrictions in life.
2. If there are more serious disorders in the work of the other kidney - this is already 60-100% of the violation of the functions of the human body (III-VI degree), then the second or first group of disability should already be assigned here.
3. In the case of transplantation of the only functioning kidney - the first 2 years it is 90-100% of impairment of the organism's function (VI degree), i.e. this is the I group of disability. After these two years - 50% (II degree), which means already the 3rd group of disability.
4. After removal of a malignant renal pelvis or tumor, everything depends on the stage of the formation itself, at which it was removed. But the first 2-5 years at least 50% of the violation of the functions of the human body (II degree), i.e. at least the 3rd group of disability.

For more details, see the order itself, which is referenced at the beginning of the comment.

My son had a kidney removed at six months, there are restrictions on food and physical activity. Because of disability, yes, they gave him a disability, but every year they hint that I have healthy child and the next year they will not be extended ... But: relying on the law, every year I talk about restrictions. When they ask what restrictions he has in life, I simply answer: my son wants to play hockey, but it’s impossible. They shut up and add: any The nephrologist will confirm that until a person grows up, no one will give a guarantee that the only kidney will develop correctly and that we will see at 25-30 years old. Therefore, before this age, there should be no question of removing the disability.

Hello everyone. I have 1 kidney since birth. And I found out about this only in the army at the end of my service. I served normally and live without any restrictions. Before the army, there was time to drink decently and nothing. After he returned, he quit and continued to play sports. I run marathons calmly at an average pace for 3.5-4 hours, I ride a bike for 150 km, I ride a board and ski for 6 years. So advice to everyone with a similar anomaly - Hammer and live normally, as you want.

I found out about my missing kidney when I was only 20 years old when I was drafted into the army, is this normal? If it had not been for the call, I would never have learned that he was born without the right kidney. They didn't take the army by itself

is it possible to dive with one kidney and in general, in fact, underwater diving associated with long delay air? is it beneficial or vice versa?

Hello Yuri.
Sorry for the delay - I just arrived and haven't been at the PC for a week.
If the kidney functions normally and satisfies the body's needs for filtering and hormonal functions, then this is not a contraindication for diving, and therefore will not negatively affect health.
But in the case of renal failure (when it comes to a person on hemodialysis), the situation is different here. If the kidney does not fully cope with filtration, then substances such as urea nitrogen and creatinine are not removed from the blood and their amount is increased. This leads to a dullness of the sensorium (ability to sense), impairment of perception and a decrease in underwater skills. But here, too, everything is individual and there are no exact numbers, since elevated level of these substances in the blood can affect in different ways different people.
Therefore, if there is no hypertension that often accompanies kidney problems, and normal tests on urea nitrogen and creatinine, there are no visible barriers to diving.

I read all the comments, I also found out at the age of 27, just like you did not refuse anything in life, there was a time that I drank full program, but I have quit for 4 years now, I absolutely do not drink alcohol, I lead a healthy lifestyle, I have 4 children, two twins. I work as a builder, I used to work as a stone-maker, but now I’m already a foreman and opened my own business, there have never been problems with health, but recent times the pressure is also announced 140-90, 150.160 I do not understand, this is due to nervous work or from the kidneys I don't know for sure ... But my character is also sugar, in general, thank God at 33 I feel great, but I think about the future, for example, after 50 years, if God forbid we live as it will be ... Thank you all

I have been living with one kidney (right) for 19 years. You can live nothing. Yes, there are limitations, but basically I live like everyone else. Sometimes I even forget that I have one kidney. Working pressure 90/60.

Hello. I had grade 3 hydronephrosis. No signs, no pain, I learned when I was undergoing a medical examination! They said you need to get rid of it because it's like a time bomb! Uvas, the second kidney has long assumed the function of both kidneys, so you don't have to worry, but when you hear all these limitations, recommendations and all that is scary.

Hydronephrosis was also found out about it at the age of 20. Since childhood, at the age of 12, pains began on the left side, the pain did not go away for 7.8 hours, pain relievers saved. When asked by doctors, they always said an ulcer or gastritis, the last time they started very severe pain... He began to do the examination, and turned out to be a hostile anamaly of the development of the urinary tract, the artery was tied up with the urine and the kidney had difficulty draining fluid. The kidney, as the doctors said, had not worked for three years and the right kidney had already taken over the work in two. The kidney was removed almost three months have passed; I feel good rarely high blood pressure... I can say one thing that life after the udolation has not changed much, of course for the first 1.5 years if the restrictions of which must be adhered to. If someone still has to face this, there is nothing fatal here, and as they write that you will not live for a long time or be disabled, do not believe this are couch potatoes of people who have not encountered this, and any professional doctor will say that everything will be fine with you in the future. The main thing is to monitor your health in time.

Kidney characteristics

The kidneys are paired organs that excrete from the body unnecessary and harmful metabolic products, toxins. Main function:

filtration of blood constituents; excretion of metabolic by-products from the body; formation of urine.

But these are not all the tasks that the kidneys perform in the body. Their additional functions:

Direct participation in hematopoiesis. Osmoregulation - maintaining the proper level of water and the percentage of salts in the body. Ionoregulation - regulating the balance of acids and alkalis in the blood plasma. Metabolism (metabolism) - the formation of vitamins, maintaining the volume of lipids (fats), carbohydrates and proteins at the proper level in internal fluids.Endocrine function - the production of hormones that are responsible for the regulation of the total volume of circulating blood, the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow, the preservation of the required amount of water in the body.

Possible reasons for the absence of an organ

According to statistics, 0.05% of people, and this is approximately one in five out of 10 thousand, live with one kidney, without even knowing it. A person may have a single organ for a number of reasons:

Aplasia, agenesis of an organ - underdevelopment or congenital absence of an organ. Dysplasia is a defect of the renal tissue that prevents the organ from performing its functions. Nephrectomy is a forced surgical removal of an organ. This measure is necessary in the presence of large cysts on the kidney, urolithiasis with purulent lesions, formation of axal stones in the organ, serious developmental anomalies, malignant tumors, physical trauma, accompanied by deceleration of the renal tissues. Donation of the kidney to another person.

Diagnosis of the first two cases is carried out by the following methods:

magnetic resonance angiography; multispectral CT; spiral CT; angiography-X-ray of the kidneys.

Features of the functioning of one organ

If it is possible to live with one kidney, then is it possible to live with the absence of such? This is possible today. The solution is to install a lifelong dialysis (artificial kidney system) or a donor organ transplant. In the second case, you need to constantly be afraid of kidney rejection, since the lymphocytes perceive it as an "enemy" foreign body that needs to be neutralized, destroyed. Therefore, patients take strong immunosuppressants that suppress the protective functions of their body.

Is it possible to live with one kidney: the consequences

The vast majority of patients who have had a kidney removed do not experience serious problems with health. Although a person undergoes a number of difficulties at the postoperative and rehabilitation stage, the presence of one organ instead of a paired one does not affect his life expectancy in any way. Therefore, the question "How long do they live without a kidney?" incorrect.

The consequences can be as follows:

violation of basic renal functions; high blood pressure (hypertension); formation of adhesions, hernias in the abdominal region; relapse of tumor formation (if the kidney was removed due to damage to its cancer cells).

How do they live with one kidney after surgery: patients should periodically visit a specialist nephrologist, take biochemical analyzes to control the functioning of the organ 1-2 times a year. Sometimes recommended CT scan... A person becomes fully able to work after two months of rehabilitation. A woman with one kidney can normally endure labor and give birth to a healthy baby.

The main rules of a fulfilling life

How to live fully with one kidney:

How to live with one kidney at full strength? Follow a specific diet. It reduces the load on the only functioning organ and the urinary system as a whole, and helps to recover faster.

In the first 24 hours after surgery, the patient is asked to completely cut off food. Two hours after nephrectomy, mouthwash is allowed, taking a small amount of water. Since sometimes the removal of the kidney is accompanied by a dysfunction of the intestine, then to stabilize its functions, appropriate medicines and special meals.

The main conditions of the diet during the rehabilitation period:

Dairy, fermented milk products - 2-3 times a week. The limitation is due to the calcium content in this food - its high concentration can cause the formation of sand in the kidney. Low-fat cottage cheese, sour cream, yogurt, cream are allowed. Fruits and vegetables. These products, both boiled and fresh, should make up 70-80% of all food consumed. They are easy to digest, contain an optimal set of vitamins, and have a beneficial effect on digestion. Lipids. Unrefined cold-pressed vegetable oils are acceptable: mustard, sesame, sunflower, olive, corn, flaxseed. Carbohydrates. The patient is advised to refuse from simple types: sugars, sweets, carbonated drinks, bakery products made from white flour. Preference for complex carbohydrates: black grain bread, cereals, bran, vegetables. Proteins. The amount of protein food intake (meat, fish - only low-fat varieties, eggs) should be reduced to 2-3 meals per week. In order not to overload the only functioning organ, you should drink no more than 1-1.5 liters of fluid per day. This volume will not overload the kidney and at the same time will contribute to the elimination of all toxins from the body. Preference for vegetable and fruit juices diluted with water, fruit drinks. Do not abuse strong black and green tea, coffee, meat broths. Salt intake should be kept to a minimum.

Fasting, vegetarianism, and a raw food diet are undesirable - such a diet can deprive the kidney of the supporting layer of fat, thanks to which it holds tightly in place.

Food should enter the body not hot, not cold, but warm. Products are boiled, baked, stewed. A good option is to purchase a steamer or multicooker. These devices preserve a maximum of useful and necessary microelements and vitamins in cooked dishes.

Fresh products are preferred. When storing them, you need to pay attention to its conditions, freezing rules. They eat several times a day in small portions, at the same time.

quail eggs; low-fat dairy products; unsalted hard cheese; pasta made from durum wheat varieties; lean fish; cereals; vegetable broths; lean veal, rabbit meat; "white meat" poultry - chicken, turkey; honey; fruit juices, jelly , mousses, cocktails, compotes; bran bread; first courses according to vegetarian recipes, but with the addition of butter; lettuce, beets, cucumbers, cauliflower, potatoes.

Unhealthy food

How to live with one kidney without problems? Completely discontinue the following products:

preservation, home and store, including from marinades and pickles; sausages, sausages, smoked meats, semi-finished products; sweets containing white sugar; baked goods made from white flour varieties; sweet carbonated waters; medicinal mineral drinks (especially containing sodium); any alcohol - even beer; fatty meat and broths from it; salty, fried, spicy food; onions, garlic, tomatoes, spinach and mushrooms.

Undesirable: legumes, fish, meat broths, salted cheeses, milk chocolate, sorrel, celery, parsley, radish, radish.

Speaking about how to live correctly with one kidney, one cannot but touch on sports. Hiking, cycling, cross-country skiing, ice skating, pool activities, equestrianism, physiotherapy, fitness, morning exercises. The kidneys "love" circular torso rotations and bends.

However, you should refrain from strength sports, exhausting workouts, professional records. It is also worth paying attention to the athlete's diet. Bodybuilders, bodybuilders are shown an increased intake of protein, which is unacceptable for a person's diet with one kidney. Sports with an increased risk of serious injury to a single organ - boxing, football, basketball - are also undesirable.

One kidney and pregnancy

Until recently, pregnancy and childbirth in the presence of one kidney were considered fatal for a woman - there was a risk that the organ could fail. The level of modern medical care makes it possible to obtain a favorable prognosis for pregnancy while observing comprehensive health control (patients with one kidney are susceptible to infections), a certain daily regimen - alternating rest and work, and a proper diet. A contraindication to pregnancy is only the removal of the kidney due to cancer.

How many people live with one kidney? No less than having such a paired organ. As for any other person, hereditary data, ecology, lifestyle, addiction to bad habits, the presence of other diseases affect life expectancy.

Most people live normal, healthy lives with only one kidney. However, it is important to take care of staying as healthy and safe as possible.

Why can humans have one kidney?

There are three main reasons why a person can only have one kidney:

A person can be born with only one kidney. This condition is called renal agenesis. Another condition called kidney dysplasia is when a person is born with two kidneys, but only one of them is working. Most people who are born without a kidney (or with only one working kidney) can lead normal healthy lives. A person could have one kidney removed during surgery, while treating an injury or disease (such as cancer). A person could donate a kidney to another person who needed a transplant.

What if I was born with only one working kidney?

If you were born with only one normal kidney, or if one kidney was damaged or removed during childhood, the remaining kidney will grow faster and become larger than usual. The remaining bud can grow to be almost the same size as the two buds together. This helps her to do all the work that two kidneys usually do.

This growth is called "compensatory" or "restorative". This happens in different ways: may be the result of acceleration cell division or an increase in the size of the cells themselves. For example, if one kidney is removed, the number of cells in the other increases with increased speed... Eventually, the remaining kidney may grow until it is as large as the two combined. In other words, one healthy kidney can work for two.

Can a transplanted kidney work for two?

Yes. Rigorous testing has shown that a transplanted kidney can also increase in size and function. She can reach a level of functioning that is about 40 percent more than the normal level for a single kidney.

What is the threat of life with one kidney in the future?

In general, most people with one healthy kidney have minor problems all the time. However, some problems in the long run have also been noticed sometimes.

In some people who were born with one kidney, or had it removed during childhood, there is a chance of kidney dysfunction later in life. This usually happens after 25 years or more. There is also a chance to have an increased blood pressure at a later age (suffer from hypertension). However, the loss of kidney function is usually not significant and life expectancy does not change much. Most people with one kidney live healthy, normal lives with a few minor limitations.

How often should a person with one kidney be tested?

Kidney function should be checked at least once a year. For this, a simple analysis of urine and blood is sufficient. You should also measure your blood pressure at least once a year unless there is a specific reason to do it more often.

Can a person with one kidney go in for sports?

Exercise is health and benefits for everyone. However, it is important for a person with only one kidney to be careful and protect it from injury. This recommendation applies to everyone, regardless of the reason for having one kidney, even people who were born with one kidney, even donors. Some doctors believe it is best to avoid contact sports such as football, boxing, hockey, soccer, martial arts, or fight.

Wearing protective clothing, such as a vest under your clothing, can help protect your kidneys from injury while exercising. This can help reduce the risk, but it does not eliminate it! It is worth talking to your doctor if you (or your child) would like to participate in contact sports. You should always think about the risks associated with any activity and carefully consider whether they outweigh the benefits.

Should you follow a dedicated single kidney diet?

Most people with one healthy kidney do not need to eat a special diet. If you have one kidney due to a transplant due to an illness or renal failure, then some restrictions on food are possible. If you have questions about your diet, it is worth talking to your doctor or dietitian.

People who donate a kidney can live as long as those who did not. After the first documented kidney transplant in the United States, research shows the procedure carries little long-term medical risk to the donor. Therefore, answering the question “How long can you live with one kidney?”, We can say that this has little effect on the duration and quality of life.

This will also help to make sure Interesting Facts about kidneys and their transplants.

Often people with one kidney live for many years without being sick, and only by chance find out that from birth they have one organ functioning. Living with one kidney involves adherence certain rules that can help maintain health for many years. It is believed that one kidney can take over the functions of two. At the same time, people do not have to severely limit themselves in actions and change their lifestyle. For such a person, sports are not contraindicated, and moderate physical labor is even necessary. Women may not give up pregnancy: they have a chance, with the help of doctors, to bear and give birth to a healthy child, and then calmly take care of him. No negative consequences appear.

How does one kidney function?

The kidneys are a paired organ. They accumulate toxins and toxins, after which they are excreted in the urine. The kidneys must work well, blood pressure and the amount of fluid in the cells depend on it. If both organs are healthy, the loads are evenly distributed. With a decrease in performance or loss of one of the kidneys, almost all functions are taken over by the other. The consequences of this are an increase in size, which is a physiological norm. There are several reasons for the absence of one of the kidneys: congenital anomaly (agenesis or aplasia) or removal surgically with incurable diseases of this organ (nephrectomy). How many live with one organ? Observing some restrictions on food, refusing bad habits and observing the regime, a person can fully live with one kidney. If the remaining organ functions without disturbances, then the disabled person medical indications do not become.

It happens that patients lose both kidneys. What to do in this case, what is the way out? Either lifelong hemodialysis or transplantation (transplant) can save here healthy organ from a donor. The main problem for people living with a transplanted kidney is the constant danger of rejection. In this case, the immune system perceives the new organ as a foreign body, and the lymphocytes begin to try to destroy it. The method of preventing rejection is modern immunosuppressants that suppress the immune system. If you follow the rules, then life with a single kidney, even a transplanted, will be acceptable. The transplanted kidney will work in two, if you monitor your weight, take the prescribed medications in full, follow the recommendations of the transplantologist, and regularly take tests. You also need a lifelong diet that is alcohol-free.

A healthy person has two kidneys in the body. This paired organ filters the blood from the remnants of metabolic processes and, together with urine, removes them from the body.

Sometimes (due to malformations) a person is born with only one bean-like organ. This is due to such as (only one kidney is fully developed) or agenesis (one paired organ is completely absent).

Moreover, people with this pathology can live a full life. To do this, you must follow special rules that allow you to maintain health for long years... People with one organ should limit hard physical labor, replace it with exercise, follow a diet and drinking regimen.

The causes of this pathology

There are two types of agenesis of the paired organ: bilateral and unilateral. In the first case, the child dies immediately after birth or even in mother's womb because it has no kidneys.

Unilateral agenesis implies the presence of one organ and in most cases is a completely safe condition for life. There is no main reason for this anomaly. Parents may not even suspect that their child has any developmental disabilities.

To compensate for the absence of the second organ, the size of the remaining one is increased. This regenerative feature increases its performance by 45%. In this case, one kidney is not much inferior to the normal functioning of two.

Scientists have found that often a child is born with an anomaly in women with diabetes mellitus... Almost always agenesis occurs due to external factors.

During the period of bearing a child, the woman's body and her fetus are very vulnerable, since they have weakened the immune system... TO etiological factors development of agenesis can be attributed to:

Severe viral diseases in a pregnant woman. These include measles and rubella.
Low water during pregnancy.
Abuse alcoholic beverages or drug use during pregnancy.
Exposure of the fetus to toxic substances or ionizing radiation.
The presence of various infections in the genitourinary system in a pregnant woman.
Application hormonal contraceptives while carrying a child.
The presence of infections transmitted by sexual intercourse. The most susceptible to the birth of a child with an anomaly are women infected with syphilis.

According to statistics, boys are more often born with renal agenesis. For every 10 thousand newborns with such an anomaly, 1–3 children are detected. In the absence of a kidney, this is most often the left organ.

Symptoms of pathology in a child

The presence of an abnormality of the filtering organs in an infant on initial stage does not show any symptoms if the baby is healthy. Often, pathology is detected by chance when performing preventive examinations.

Sometimes a child may show aching pain in the groin, passing into the area of the sacrum. Girls with anomalies have pathologies of the reproductive system. Underdevelopment of the vagina and hypoplasia of the uterus are often found.

Another manifestation of the clinical picture:

swelling of the face;
dry skin, mucous membranes;
frequent regurgitation;
profuse urination;
lethargy;
deformation auricles and skull;
high blood pressure;
increased distance between the eyes;
protruding forehead;
macrognathia - underdevelopment of the jaw;
flat and wide nose.

Boys show specific symptoms... They do not have a duct that carries out seminal fluid.

Quite often, children with agenesis are born prematurely, and their filtering organ is enlarged. If the kidney does not cope with the functions assigned to it, the symptoms appear almost immediately after the birth of the baby.

Diagnostic methods

In those days, when the ultrasound machine was not yet developed, many people lived with an anomaly without knowing it. Now the absence of an organ in a child is sometimes determined even while the fetus is in the womb. However, this is quite difficult to identify. The adrenal gland can be defined as a kidney.

After the baby is born, the diagnosis confirms:

nephrocytinography (determines the accumulation of radioisotopes in the kidney area);
angiography (reveals the absence of organ vessels in the area of the affected side).

The doctor can prescribe a conduction. Great importance has anamnesis collection. The doctor finds out not only the possible causes of the development of agenesis, but also learns all the features of the course of pregnancy.

How to live with one organ

People with an abnormality from birth need to observe food restrictions. It is necessary to maintain a certain diet, sleep and wakefulness.

It is required to lead a healthy lifestyle, giving up alcoholic beverages and smoking. The life of people with such an anomaly is full and practically does not differ from others.

In the event (surgery to remove one of the kidneys), the person can also lead normal life... Immediately after the operation, he needs bed rest and rest. In the first days, you need to eat only with a sparing diet. Rehabilitation can take a long time.

However, with normal condition the patient, about ten days after the nephrectomy, the person returns to the workplace. This happens if his profession is not associated with manual labor.

Adult patients living with the abnormality may experience various problems that will accompany them constantly. This is mainly high blood pressure.

There is a risk of organ dysfunction. Women with this pathology have difficulties during pregnancy. However, there are many known cases of the birth of normally developed children in mothers with one kidney.

To avoid various complications, patients need to be examined by a doctor at least once a year. The recommendations of a specialist will help support the organ, as well as improve its performance.

Methods of therapeutic action

Therapy for these patients depends mainly on the condition of the kidney. If she is healthy and performs all the functions of the second organ, then special treatment not required. It is necessary to be observed by a urologist and follow all his recommendations (observe proper nutrition and drinking regimen).

No specific therapy is prescribed for treatment. For hypertension, blood pressure medications are usually prescribed. In most cases, it is necessary to use means to increase immunity.

Medicines

In some cases, after removal of one kidney, the patient's condition does not return to normal. The kidney is a paired organ, therefore, problems arising from one side can "move" to the other.

This is facilitated by the wrong behavior of the patient himself - the requirements of the attending physician are not followed, the body is exposed to increased stress and stress, a strict diet is not supported.

If a violation of even one of the basic functions of the kidney is detected, it is necessary to immediately begin the treatment that it prescribes. The choice of drugs depends on the patient's condition, the interpretation of his analyzes and the identified pathology.

Supportive care

Patients living with one kidney should have regular blood and urine tests, as well as instrumental examinations. Supportive care includes the use of antibacterial agents.

In the case of development, the goal of treatment is to slow down the rate of progression of the pathology.

Types of operations

With the ineffectiveness of the conservative therapy are used (using the device "artificial kidney") or, in which the blood is purified by the introduction and subsequent drainage outside of a special liquid.

In some cases it is necessary. Transplantation is the most effective way getting rid of kidney failure.

Lifetime requires periodic connection of the patient to the "artificial kidney" to perform blood filtration. At the same time, it is saturated with all the necessary substances, the acid-base balance is restored.

Connection to the device is carried out strictly in the mode prescribed by the attending physician. Failure to do so increases the risk of death.

Diet prescriptions

A fundamental factor for a complete and active life is an diet food... Some foods must be present in the diet: black bread, vegetables, eggs, honey, sour cream. Fish and meat should only be boiled.

How much they should be on the menu depends on the organism. An experienced dietitian will advise each patient individually how much and what foods to eat.

Any diet should not be started abruptly, as this will negatively affect health. It is necessary to gradually abandon the use of large amounts of protein, pasta and legumes. It is better to replace these products with potatoes or boiled vegetables.

With such a pathology, it is necessary to exclude all salty, spicy and smoked dishes. It is also necessary to refuse canned food. Can not use mineral water... Instead of coffee and alcohol, you should drink herbal teas, fruit drinks or compotes.

A gradual transition from a protein diet implies the implementation of the following recommendations:

Boiled fish, meat can be eaten no more three times in a week.
You need to eat oatmeal more often, buckwheat porridge, white grain and black bread (others flour products should be excluded, since carbohydrates deliver the body a large number of energy).
Dairy products should also be consumed, especially cream and sour cream. However, milk is recommended no more than once a week, as it can provoke education.

In the presence of only one paired organ in a person, it helps to remove fluid from the body skin covering... Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the hygiene of the skin more.

Complications and contraindications

The fears of patients are associated only with kidney pathologies. After all, they have one organ, therefore, attention to its condition is doubled. The most dangerous manifestations of agenesis are:

Violation of urination. The volume of urine may decrease and even be completely absent.
Renal - an attack of pain, accompanied by urinary disorders.
High blood pressure that cannot be treated with conventional medications. Indicators can reach very high numbers.

With the above manifestations, you should immediately contact a nephrologist. If there are no such violations, then it is necessary to conduct an examination at least once a year and take urine and blood tests. The doctor can give different recommendations for each patient individually.

Preventive measures

eat properly;
do not abuse alcohol;
undergo a medical examination once a year;
to moderately engage in sports;
treat all diseases in time.

Pregnant women should lead a healthy lifestyle and give up bad habits.

An important point of prevention is measures against the development of any renal pathologies... To fulfill them, patients must stop drinking alcohol and avoid hypothermia. It is also required to timely treat all infectious diseases... After all, their complicated course can provoke organ damage.

In the presence of high blood pressure, together with the attending physician, is selected effective treatment... It is possible to prescribe a combination of two or more drugs, the intake of which is complemented by diet and lifestyle changes.

In this case, blood pressure is constantly monitored. Attention! It should be remembered that in collisions occurring in contact sports, falls from a bicycle or accidents, there is a possibility of injury to internal organs.

However, the presence of only one kidney is not a contraindication for sports. Moderate exercise is an absolute must.

Development: fusion of the upper pole of one kidney with the lower pole of the other, in which the longitudinal axes of the kidneys coincide.

Comprehensive Medical Dictionary. 2000 .

See what "kidney I-" is in other dictionaries:

In plants (gemma), the bud of the shoot. Consists of a short rudimentary axis (stem) with a cone of growth at the top and closely located on the axis of uneven-aged leaf rudiments, covering the axis and each other, vegetative P., or contains, in addition to ... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary

Female in animals, one of the abdominal bowels, in the form of a bean, serves to separate decayed, obsolete particles of flesh from the blood, in the form of urine; · Old. bubreg; two kidneys, on both sides of the ridge, under the gander's membrane, behind the liver and spleen, and from them ... ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

- (1) KIDNEY (1) kidneys, women. (biol.). 1. A plant shoot in an undeveloped state (flower bud, stem with leaves). The buds have not yet blossomed on the trees. 2. Some lower animals have a small outgrowth in some. parts of the body from which it develops ... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

In plants, the bud of the shoot. There are vegetative buds, consisting of a rudimentary stem (axis) and leaf buds, and generative buds, which also bear the buds of inflorescences and flowers. In the axils of the leaves, axillary buds are formed, giving rise to branches; ...

Old Russian measure of mass. It was mainly used to determine the mass of coins during their minting. In the end. 16 early. 17th century the kidney is equal to 1/25 of the spool ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

KID, in botany, a small convex formation, consisting of a short cutting and tightly rolled underdeveloped leaves, covered with a shell of scales. Branches with leaves develop from leaf buds, flowers develop from flower buds (buds) ... Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

Measure, rudiment, kidney, offal, peephole, mesonephros, gemmula, bud, plume, scion Dictionary of Russian synonyms. kidney n., number of synonyms: 22 bubreg (1) ... Synonym dictionary

bud- seed plant shoot (longitudinal section diagram); in the axils of the primordia of the lower leaves, the rudiments of axillary buds are visible. bud (gemma) in plants, a rudimentary, not yet developed shoot of a plant. Vegetative P. consists of a short intrarenal ... ... Agriculture... Big encyclopedic dictionary

Bud- * kidney * bud 1. In yeast, a daughter cell formed during mitosis (see): one cell retains the cell wall of the parent cell, while the other, formed during budding (see), forms a new cell wall. 2. In plants, undeveloped ... Genetics. encyclopedic Dictionary

KIDNEY, and, wives. 1. Not yet developed shoot of the plant; the rudiment of a flower, leaf. Buds on trees. The buds swell, burst, open. 2. In some lower animals or plants that reproduce asexually: growth on the body of the mother's organism ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Books

Kidney and electrolytes,. Questions water-salt metabolism and the functions of nights have recently attracted more and more attention from researchers of various specialties. There is no doubt that the problem of transport ...
Artificial kidney and its clinical application, A. Ya. Pytel, S. D. Goligorsky, M. D. Javad-Zade, N. A. Lopatkin. Your attention is invited to the book " Artificial kidney and its clinical applications. "Significant Advances in Nephrology recent years allowed to introduce into the practice of treating patients ...

Often people with one kidney live for many years without being sick, and only by chance find out that from birth they have one organ functioning. Living with one kidney involves following certain rules that can help maintain health for many years. It is believed that one kidney can take over the functions of two. At the same time, people do not have to severely limit themselves in actions and change their lifestyle. For such a person, sports are not contraindicated, and moderate physical labor is even necessary. Women may not give up pregnancy: they have a chance, with the help of doctors, to bear and give birth to a healthy child, and then calmly take care of him. No negative consequences appear.

How does one kidney function?

The kidneys are a paired organ. They accumulate toxins and toxins, after which they are excreted in the urine. The kidneys must work well, blood pressure and the amount of fluid in the cells depend on it. If both organs are healthy, the loads are evenly distributed. With a decrease in performance or loss of one of the kidneys, almost all functions are taken over by the other. The consequences of this are an increase in size, which is a physiological norm. There are several reasons for the absence of one of the kidneys: congenital anomaly (agenesis or aplasia) or surgical removal for incurable diseases of this organ (nephrectomy). How many live with one organ? Observing some restrictions on food, giving up bad habits and observing the regime, a person can fully live with one kidney. If the remaining organ functions without disturbances, then they do not become disabled for medical reasons.

It happens that patients lose both kidneys. What to do in this case, what is the way out? Either lifelong hemodialysis or transplantation (transplantation) of a healthy organ from a donor can save here. The main problem for people living with a transplanted kidney is the constant danger of rejection. In this case, the immune system perceives the new organ as a foreign body, and the lymphocytes begin to try to destroy it. The method of preventing rejection is modern immunosuppressants that suppress the immune system. If you follow the rules, then life with a single kidney, even a transplanted, will be acceptable. The transplanted kidney will work in two, if you monitor your weight, take the prescribed medications in full, follow the recommendations of the transplantologist, and regularly take tests. You also need a lifelong diet that is alcohol-free.

The rules of a fulfilling life for a person with one kidney

Quitting bad habits will allow you to live a fulfilling life.

What do you need for a fulfilling life, if a person from birth with one kidney, or is it removed? It's simple. Diet, healthy lifestyle, rejection of bad habits (smoking and alcohol) will allow you to live a full life without feeling disabled if you have only one kidney. Some inconveniences and problems in mature age will be accompanied constantly. This is high blood pressure, the risk of disrupting the functioning of the remaining kidney. Certain difficulties in women are caused by pregnancy.

To avoid complications, patients need to be examined by a specialist annually, especially if the kidney was removed for medical reasons. You don't need to drink a lot. The regime of life recommended by doctors can support the organ and improve its function. First of all, pay attention to how you need to eat. Food should not be salty or too greasy. Fried is allowed, the menu can include fried meat or other products without using spices. In order for a single kidney to cope with fluid, there are restrictions on drinking water. The approximate rate of fluid per day is 1 liter. If in such a situation someone drinks more than the norm, swelling appears.

If you are interested in professional sports, the absence of one organ is not a hindrance, you can do it for your pleasure. But leave the grueling workout and don't set records. You can exercise in the morning, exercise, or go to the pool several times a week. Any physical education is a useful thing. The kidneys "love" bends from side to side, circular movements of the body. However, do not combine or replace light exercise with strength exercises, the consequences can be unpredictable. The patient also should not work hard, but you can always find something to your liking, despite the restrictions.

Proper nutrition and restrictions

The body of those who were born without a kidney is accustomed to non-standard conditions, therefore, special nutrition provides for inaccuracies. The diet is designed, first of all, to minimize the load on the remaining organ, the urinary system, as well as to speed up the recovery process after a person has a kidney cut out. The menu should not include homemade and purchased pickles and marinades. Significant restrictions must be made for salt. It is also better to reduce the intake of proteins. This will make it easier for the remaining kidney to stay healthy for a long time. Products are best boiled, baked or stewed. Fried foods can be prepared from time to time.

The basis of nutrition should be easily digestible food.

The food is structured so that the basis is easily digestible food. The main thing is how much fluid enters the body. There should be no deficit or oversupply. Therefore, it is so important for patients to maintain the correct balance. And clearly calculate the amount of water entering the body. You can't do without water at all, it should help the kidney to remove toxins, so every day you need to drink a little clean drinking water. But coffee, ice cream, beer and alcohol are taboo. Without them, you can live and facilitate the work of the body. Not drinking alcohol is a kind of lifestyle and belief. Forever give up:

rich pastries and fresh white bread;
canned food, sausages and semi-finished products;
rich broths, fatty meat;
mushrooms, spinach, tomatoes, onions and garlic;
mineral water with sodium;

Diet food at first will seem tasteless, insipid, especially if before that you ate dishes with the addition of artificial flavors and flavor enhancers. Food that is healthy for you, made from the following products:

bran bread;
vegetarian first courses with the addition of butter;
turkey, veal, rabbit (meat a week after surgery);
eggs and dairy products;
potatoes, beets, cauliflower, cucumbers and lettuce;
cereals;
tea, compote, fruit and vegetable juices, with the addition of drinking water.

Cooked meals should be warm, not hot or too cold. You can eat fresh vegetables and fruits, but you should not experiment, which can affect health (especially when it comes to children) and go on a fast or raw food diet, which can lead to a decrease in the internal fat that holds the kidney in place. You need to drink fluids in moderation. Exercise is quite possible for those who, at birth or as a result of surgery, had one kidney. Please note that the athlete must eat in a special way. What to do in this case? For example, bodybuilding, in addition to training, involves an increased protein content in the diet, which is undesirable for those who, being sick, will try to increase muscle mass... It is believed that you need to avoid activities where there is a high probability of injury: football, basketball, boxing. From an injury to a single kidney, there is a risk of living the rest of his life thanks to dialysis and dying early.

Recently, however, doctors have not been so categorical, because severe organ injuries are quite rare. Therefore, children and young people who were born without a kidney can fearlessly start classes. How long they will last - see how you feel. Exercise will not affect your health. If, as a parent, you are afraid, let your child be content with the pool several times a week. This activity strengthens health, improves immunity. Lifestyle improves its quality.