Medication sleep when they go home. Give the definition, the main points

Many medical procedures can not do without anesthesia. It is necessary in order to relieve pain, prevent shock. After all, the characteristic reaction of the body (increased heart rate, increased pressure, production of stress hormones) can significantly affect the patient's condition. Often used medication sleep.

Anesthesia Varieties

There are two main methods of anesthesia. Local anesthesia is used for local pain relief. In this case, the person remains conscious. This type of anesthesia has the following varieties. Superficial way - drugs applied to the skin (or mucous membranes), where they are absorbed and begin to act. Very often, this method is used by dentists. Also included in this category is freezing. Infiltration anesthesia is used for some surgical interventions, injuries. The substance is injected into the tissue by injection. Regional anesthesia has several subspecies: it is epidural, conductive, spinal. In this case, the drug is injected into an area that is very close to the nerve trunk or plexus. With this method, the transmission of pain impulse is blocked. If an operation on the limbs is performed, then intravascular anesthesia may be used. Anesthetic is injected into the limb vessels. General anesthesia inhibits the activity of the central nervous system. Muscles relax, consciousness is disturbed. It can be made by inhalation or intravenous injection.

What is drug sleep?

Sedation is a promising alternative to deep anesthesia. It is very important that a person is conscious, his reflexes are saved. For immersion in medication sleep, special sedatives are injected intravenously or into muscle. They contribute to complete relaxation, sedation, and pain relief. This type of anesthesia is recommended for people with a low pain threshold, for nervous disorders, for children. The procedure is carried out by an anesthesiologist, who calculates the required dose of the drug. The specialist also helps the patient to get out of this state. It is characteristic that the complex can additionally use local anesthesia. The main benefits of immersion in sleep with the help of medicines are as follows. Drugs that are used do not contain narcotic components and do not cause addiction. The respiratory center is not depressed. A person comes to consciousness rather quickly - in 5-10 minutes. Thus, if medication sleep is used, the consequences of a negative nature are practically absent.

Sedation levels

There are several degrees of immersion in sleep with the help of medicines. The minimum level is characterized by the fact that the patient is awake, in contact with the doctor. In this case intellectual abilities, coordination of movements are slightly disturbed. The moderate depth of sedation is a condition in which a person reacts to words, tactile stimulation. Deep medication sleep is characterized by the absence of patient contact with a doctor. Awakening is possible with rather painful stimulation. In some cases, breathing problems may occur, although hemodynamics remains stable.

What drugs are used for sedation

The ideal drug for drug sleep should have a certain set of qualities. First of all, speed. Also, such a substance should have a minimum of side effects, and the mind quickly restored after the cessation of its introduction. Easy sedation is carried out with the help of "Midazolam". Deeper sleep occurs after the introduction of "Propofol." Sedation is also performed using a substance such as nitrous oxide. This is a gas that is supplied through a special mask. Under its influence, all muscles relax, the patient calms down. In some cases, barbiturates are used, but they have a bad effect on the heart muscle. Constant hemodynamic control is required. In this regard, their use is limited. A solution of sodium hydroxybutyrate is often recommended for use in the labor process.

Application in dentistry

One of the areas where medical sleep is widely used is dentistry. Unlike general anesthesia, which is sometimes necessary in certain situations, this type of anesthesia is safer and has several advantages. It is recommended in the presence of allergic reactions to local anesthesia, complicated surgical intervention (with abscess, jaw damage, periostitis, etc.). Quite a few people have a panic fear of visiting a dentist. Medical sleep is the only way to carry out all the necessary oral manipulations without serious consequences and without trauma. Also, this method of pain relief is simply necessary for patients with epilepsy, schizophrenia and other disorders of the nervous system. It is also very important that all teeth can be cured in one visit to a specialist. Also, such anesthesia allows the doctor to work quietly (because the patient is sleeping). The method is so safe and easy that you can even recommend a medical sleep to a child. This is especially true if the baby is hyperactive or simply afraid of doctors and their tools.

The use of drug sleep during childbirth

It is worth noting that such anesthesia is not prescribed only on the basis of one wish of the mother. The midwife assesses the situation as a whole and, in the case of protracted labor, may recommend the use of drug sleep. This measure is necessary if the woman is experiencing very severe pain, which deprive her of strength. After all, if the pain is exhausting the woman in labor, then the process of the child’s release may be disturbed. In this case, the baby will suffer. For a temporary recuperation, the patient is immersed in light sleep. Drugs that are administered, also have an anesthetic effect. It is worth noting that the pain does not go away completely. It is only slightly dulled, the struggle continues. This manipulation is performed in two stages. During the first, the organism is prepared for the introduction of anesthesia (premedication). Uses pain-relieving, relaxing agents. However, they can enter the placenta. As a result, prolonged sleep of the newborn may occur. The second stage is the introduction of drugs directly for medical sleep. Sodium oxybutyrate (its 20% solution) is often used during labor. Such a substance is safe, low toxic, does not cause breathing problems in a child. Many mothers celebrate the relief of childbirth by using similar anesthesia.

Anesthesia in reanimation

In severe head injuries and other similar conditions, drug sleep in resuscitation can also be used. However, in this case it lasts for several days (1-3 or more). Its undoubted plus with such an application is the reduction of high intracranial pressure, while the brain rests. During sedation, specialists develop further treatment tactics. Also, this method is sometimes used in the event that the patient's condition is severe, and experts do not know how to treat it. However, like any anesthesia, this method has its drawbacks and contraindications. Reviews say that long-term use of such drugs can have negative consequences for the central nervous system.

Possible effects of anesthesia

The introduction of any drugs into the body can cause allergic reactions. Although the drug sleep reviews have positive, dizziness, nausea and vomiting can sometimes be observed. Contraindications to the use of this type of anesthesia can be chronic diseases, especially during their exacerbation. It is worth noting that often such procedures as gastroscopy and colonoscopy are also performed in the sleeping state. Many doctors recommend that you undergo a complete blood count, make a cardiogram and fluorography before performing the procedure. Thus, they insure themselves against all sorts of risks, make sure that during the procedure there will be no problems with breathing and heart. If medication sleep was used, the patient easily recovers after surgery and other manipulations. And in order to minimize all negative consequences, it is first necessary to inform the doctor about possible allergies, suspected pregnancy, medication.

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Dad is in resuscitation help who knows midicin.

Answers:

Alenka

most likely, they will be removed from the ventilator in the coming days, the postoperative period is difficult, but hope for it and help it.

tatyana

everything will be fine. sleep is needed by the body for recovery and so as not to come shock

Jiml Partisan

"He is now in a drug dream"
  In fact of the matter! After this operation, the patient is shown prolonged mechanical ventilation (artificial lung ventilation). And about the predictions - this should tell you the oncological surgeon.

Yura Baranovsky

To all appearances, your father underwent Hartmann's surgery (they removed STOMA); it is severe enough with a high degree of operational and anesthetic risk, with a duration of surgery of 5 hours or more, the mortality rate is 4.9%. In cancer operations, according to the literature, this percentage is higher. Mortality increases with concomitant pathology:
   Coronary heart disease
   Heart failure
   Chronic respiratory diseases
   Obesity
   Impaired renal function and liver
   Diabetes
   Anemia
  The age of patients over 50 years old, as well as the urgency of the operation, when the preoperative preparation is minimized, are not very favorable.
  The fact that your dad is on the ventilator for the second day and does not regain consciousness is treated in no other way than a coma with prolonged ventilation of the lungs. And although the chances are not great, I advise you not to lose hope and believe in a happy outcome. There is always a chance! Good luck!

Piramidonovna

Tumors just occur in not very young people. Although 61 years old is not yet old, they are operated on by much older people. if he was set up for recovery before the operation, then everything should be favorable.

How long does rehabilitation take after heart surgery?

Answers:

CharmingGad

Perhaps not quite correct anesthesia was chosen, the age was all the same and in what time two operations were performed ?? ? The time has passed a little, the older the person the longer the recovery
  Recovery can take place in different ways, it all depends on your father’s general health, that is, such a symptom can be observed even up to a year, although in the clinic where they did, they should invite narrow specialists, a nerve pathologist, an ophthalmologist, everyone who needs it, we always make and prescribe a comprehensive treatment.
  Once again I’ll repeat my age and the time has passed a little, maybe in a month everything will be fine, if possible, you need constant care or hire so that you don’t fall down and in no case lean yourself

In medicine, drug sleep is used for procedures and manipulations. Before medication, a person is administered sedatives to disable motor muscles, sensitivity, and is immersed in a deep sleep.

A person sees dreams during sleep and remembers nothing except beginning and end. Sleep time depends on the amount of sedatives injected; they are determined by the attending physician. There are 2 levels:

• 1 level. The patient communicates, but his coordination of movements is impaired.
• 2nd level. The patient is close to the state of anesthesia.

Medication sleep is needed in the following areas of medicine: in the procedures of colonoscopy, gastroscopy (FGDS), and others; in dentistry during therapeutic and surgical manipulations with teeth; in obstetrics, the doctor assesses the risks to the mother and child; in cases of resuscitation, when you need to restore the body; in patients with mental illness if they are not able to follow the instructions of the doctor.

Who is drug sleep good for

For people whose pain threshold is very low, which does not allow doctors to perform many medical actions.

For people who are too worried about their health.

For mentally ill people who themselves can not follow the instructions of the doctor.

For kids who can not help the doctor when carrying out any medical procedures.

Drug sleep differs from anesthesia in that the same means are used, only in smaller doses. Such a dream is less deep, breathing is calm, the procedure is transferred much more easily than anesthesia and the person returns to normal faster.

To make the process more efficient, you need to follow the rules:

1. 12 hours before the procedure, do not eat and do not drink for 4 hours, refrain from smoking and alcohol.
2. Tell the anesthesiologist about currently used drugs, allergic reactions.
3. To carry out a cleansing enema or take a laxative under the supervision of a doctor.

Getting out of sleep is painless and the person returns to normal after 10-20 minutes. And an hour later, you can go home. But sometimes there is nausea, dizziness, low blood pressure, drowsiness. After a while, these effects disappear completely.

Contraindications to drug sleep

Medication sleep has a number of contraindications, namely:

• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• allergic reactions;
• not all drugs can be used in obstetrics due to toxicity to the fetus;
• taking drugs that can not be combined with sedatives;
• severe overall health;
• alcohol or drug intoxication;
• epilepsy;
• acute infectious diseases.

You can not think that you can fall asleep and not wake up. Negative attitude will not bring the desired positive result. Of course, there are always risks. And the more complex the medical manipulations, the higher the risks of complications. But medical staff are usually well prepared and aware of any possible surprises. And in general, you need not to think about the bad, but just trust the doctor.

Medication sleep   used to create preconditions for the success of therapeutic and surgical measures and diagnostic procedures.

Medication sleep   enters the patient into a state of deep sleep with the shutdown of the motor and sensory functions of the body. At the same time, the reaction to pain is strongly dulled or completely absent.

In medicine, there are several ways to dive in medication sleepHowever, they are all based on the use of special medications created with the help of narcotic components. The most common are intramuscular and intravenous methods, as well as types of respiratory (inhalation) methods.

All these methods have almost the same effect, but differ in the way they affect the human body and the patient's response to its components. For example, intramuscular drugs for the introduction of the state of drug sleep developed on the basis of a single component. But inhalation   may contain concomitant, non-conflicting drugs that have an additional effect on the patient during the procedure.

Medication sleep   It is shown to patients with an increased sensitivity threshold, or having a tendency to complicate the symptoms of the course of the disease at the level of psychosomatics. And also in the case of a nervous aggravation in a state of suspiciousness or low stress tolerance.

In this case, before using medication sleep, a pre-medication is carried out using a complex of medications that affect not only the general emotional state, but also the reactions of allergic manifestations on the nervous system.

In any case, medical sleep, with all its positive properties, is a compulsory effect on the body. And, as with any medical intervention, the main thing is to keep the balance. The risks of consequences should not prevail over the risks of emergency care.

Collateral procedure drug sleep   It is performed by an anesthesiologist who leads a patient since the appointment of a diagnostic procedure or surgery.

The anesthesiologist does not only prepare the patient for immersion in   medication sleep, but also carries out the procedure itself, controls the exit from this state. The procedure itself is carried out on the basis of an individual calculation of the dosage of the drug and its duration. Each patient has its own, individual tolerance to the components of the drug. Also, to achieve a higher level of effectiveness of the procedure, the patient must clean the body.

Medication sleep   - a softer type of anesthesia, and can be used in combination with local anesthesia.

"SM-Clinic" has the technical capabilities for ambulatory preparation of the patient for the introduction of drug sleep. All surgical operations in the clinic are carried out under the supervision of an anesthesiologist.

The use of medication sleep in the treatment ensures the preservation of the patient's normal psychoemotional state.

Drug sleep, otherwise known as sedation, is an anesthetic manual that is used in medicine when certain procedures or manipulations are necessary.

This article describes situations where the use of sedation is the best alternative of all possible, as well as what medication sleep in resuscitation means, what a person feels about the possible harm to the body.

Medication sleep - a modern remedy for fear of pain

What is it and when is it applied?

For immersion in medication sleep a person is administered sedatives that allow you to achieve deep sleep with disabling motor functions and sensitivity.

During sedation, the patient can observe dreams, but most often the person does not experience anything, and remembers only the moment when the drug is administered and the moment of awakening.

How long can a person be in a state of medication sleep? It depends on the purpose of the manipulation and is determined by the attending physician. There are also several levels of sedation: from the easiest to the deepest. In the first case, the patient can communicate, but his coordination of movements is disturbed. With a deep level of sedation, the patient is close to the state of anesthesia.

Drug sleep finds its application in the following areas of medicine:

• When carrying out diagnostic and therapeutic procedures: colonoscopy, gastroscopy (FGDS), etc. Carrying out colonoscopy and FGDS under medication sleep allows the patient not to feel any unpleasant sensations from the effects of the gastroscope and colonoscope.
• In dentistry during therapeutic and surgical manipulations with teeth. It is sedation that is resorted to when necessary for complex and traumatic interventions, as well as for allergies to drugs for local anesthesia. In addition, medication sleep helps those who experience panic at the very thought of visiting the dentist. And the dentist, in turn, can treat without worrying about discomfort and possible accidental movements of the patient.

• In obstetric practice, sedation is used for medical reasons. In this case, the doctor assesses the patient's condition and risks for the child. This usually occurs during a prolonged process of childbirth, when the expectant mother suffers from intense pain for a long time, as well as when the size of the fetus and pelvis of the mother does not match, polyhydramnios, multiple pregnancies, or tumors in the small pelvis.
• In the intensive care units. In the case when a person is in serious condition as a result of a disease or injury. Sedation allows the body to rest and recover faster. However, there is a downside of drug sleep, because in the intensive care units it can last more than one day, which in itself can cause undesirable effects - this is damage to the nervous system, thromboembolic complications.
• In patients with mental illness, if they are not able to follow the instructions of the doctor.
• Drug sleep can be an independent method of treatment used in various disorders of the nervous system, psychosomatic diseases. How much the patient needs to be plunged into sleep and how soon to withdraw him from sedation is determined by the doctor, based on the performance of his patient.

Who needs?

Medication sleep is a good way out for the following patient groups.

• People with reduced pain threshold, which does not allow for many medical manipulations comfortable for the patient.

Sedation is a great way out for people with a low pain threshold.

• Persons with a high level of anxiety and concern about their health, which may affect the performance of manipulation and recovery after it.
• People with mental illness who do not have the ability to follow the instructions of the doctor during the manipulation.
• Children who are facing complex diagnostic or therapeutic measures that can trigger the development of trauma. In addition, kids can not realize the need for a particular medical procedure and help the doctor in its conduct.

Differences from anesthesia

The main difference from anesthesia is that the same drugs are used for sedation as for anesthesia, but at a lower dose. Accordingly, the resulting “sleep” has a smaller depth, if we compare it with general anesthesia (as there is no need for the latter). Due to a more superficial sleep, the patient maintains independent breathing and there is no need to use assistive devices (ALV).

Sedation is better tolerated than anesthesia, the patient quickly returns to normal after the cessation of the effects of drugs.

Sedation is a “lifeline” for children who are panicked by the dentist.

Selection of the drug and the calculation of dosages for the introduction into drug sleep is done by the anesthesia doctor. He is next to the patient throughout the procedure, controls it throughout.

How to prepare?

In order for sedation to go as smoothly as possible, it is important to follow some rules.

• 12 hours before the intended operation, it is recommended to refrain from eating, it is better not to drink water at least 4 hours before the procedure. In addition, the day of surgery should refrain from smoking and other bad habits.
• It is necessary to answer all the questions of the anesthesiologist, to tell him about the currently used drugs, allergic reactions.
• Before the procedure, the patient is given a cleansing enema or high-speed laxatives are given.

Do not be afraid of the designated procedure. All concerns should be discussed with your doctor, ask all your questions. The doctor will explain incomprehensible terms, tell the order of the manipulation, dispel doubts about the need for just such a treatment strategy.

After the procedure

Exit from medication sleep occurs on average within 10 minutes after the end of the drug, and an hour later he is already in good order and can already be allowed to go home if sedation was used in outpatient practice.

Already 8-10 minutes after sedation, the patient regains consciousness.

Next, what phenomena can be observed after a drug sleep. The effect of drug sleep on the body is most pronounced during the first hour after awakening, as a result of the influence of sedatives on the body can be observed:

• drowsiness, slow reactions;
• nausea and vomiting;
• dizziness, impaired coordination of movements and balance;
• decreased blood pressure;
• decrease in heart rate.

After drugs are completely eliminated from the body, these effects disappear without a trace, they are completely reversible.

Benefits and Contraindications

The advantages of medication sleep include a mild effect of the drugs in comparison with the introduction into general anesthesia, the absence of unpleasant sensations during medical manipulations, a quick awakening and easier recovery with minimal side effects after the procedure, a small number of contraindications.

Anesthesiologist will tell about the benefits and contraindications of sedation.

Contraindications for sedation, of course, exist, because manipulation is not harmless. Among them:

• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• allergic reactions;
• not all drugs can be used in obstetrics due to toxicity to the fetus;
• taking drugs that can not be combined with sedatives;
• severe overall health;
• alcohol or drug intoxication;
• epilepsy;
• acute infectious diseases.

A patient who is to be manipulated with the use of drug sleep is best not to think about the possible unpleasant consequences. You need to trust your doctor and, if possible, maintain an optimistic attitude, because he will certainly help you recover faster.

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Many medical procedures are quite painful and unpleasant, but nevertheless they have to be carried out. In such cases, drug sleep or monitored sedation comes to the rescue. Indeed, a physician often requires complete immobility of the patient’s body during manipulations, so local or partial anesthesia is not suitable, because it leaves the patient conscious.

What is the procedure?

Drug sleep is used to immobilize the patient and reduce or completely relieve him of pain during surgical interventions or diagnostic activities. According to the method of immersion in the state of sleep sedation are:

• intravenous;
• intramuscular;
• inhaled.

There are a number of different medications used for these purposes. All of them are based on the narcotic effects on the body. However, these drugs act very gently and carefully, without causing addiction and without causing harm to a person.

Essentially, drug sleep is an excellent alternative to general anesthesia. The difference lies in more modern drugs used for sedation, as well as in the number of components: for giving anesthesia are used products containing several components, and for the introduction of sleep - only one.

The only exception is sedative inhalation, combining the main ingredient and a few auxiliary, well combined with each other. The effects of inhalation also have less negative effects than general anesthesia.

As for the main active ingredients, anesthesia for drug sleep provides the following drugs:

• fat emulsions, benzodiazepines, barbiturates - for intravenous and intramuscular injections (except fat emulsions for intramuscular injection);
• sevoflurane or xenon is given as part of inhalation to provide a deep sedative effect.

The entire course of the procedure, including preparation for drug sleep, direct immersion and removal of the patient from this state should be carried out by the anesthesiologist, monitoring each stage and tracking the level of hemoglobin in the blood, the dynamics of the blood flow. It is also necessary to prevent possible excessive thickening or thinning of the blood, preventing the risk of bleeding and the formation of blood clots that can block the vein or artery.

Within a minute after the drug is administered, the patient falls asleep. In this case, the sensitivity is greatly reduced or completely disabled. The exit is carried out for 5-10 minutes, at the same time the patient does not keep any memories of the done manipulations. After half an hour, usually comes full rehabilitation. It should be on this day to refrain from actions requiring increased attention, quick and accurate reactions.

The anesthesiologist preliminarily collects the patient’s history, talks about the medications taken, the presence of allergic reactions, assesses the patient’s psychoemotional state and the results of blood tests, cardiograms, liver and kidney examinations. The dosage of the active substance is selected strictly individually, taking into account many factors, including age, weight of the patient.

Preliminary actions to put into sleep with medications always include abstaining from 12 hours from eating, 4-6 hours from drinking. Of course, cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are also strictly prohibited, otherwise you can get unforeseen serious complications.

Immediately before the beginning of the manipulation, the patient is given an enema or given a fast-acting laxative. This is done to cleanse the body, because the state of drug sleep often leads to relaxation of the muscles of the intestine and sphincters.

Indications for the procedure

There are a number of medical manipulations in various branches of medicine that require a patient to be lightly or deeply sedated, especially when it is impossible to apply deep anesthesia:

• dentistry;
• gynecology;
• surgical intervention;
• treatment;
• painful examinations;
• medical manipulations with children.

Dentistry

Often come across difficult cases involving the need for surgical intervention. In this case, it is impractical to give general anesthesia, since therapeutic actions are concentrated only in the oral cavity, and local anesthesia will not cover such a wide area. Among other things, the patient may be allergic to medications for local anesthesia.

People experiencing a strong fear of the dentist’s chair may lose consciousness during the operation and survive a panic attack. The best way out will be medication sleep.

The same method is justifiably applied to persons suffering from epilepsy, disorders of the vestibular apparatus, mentally unstable individuals who are unable to behave calmly, without interfering with the doctor’s work.

The most commonly used drugs that provide a deep level of drug sleep, characterized by the absence of any reactions of the patient.

Gynecology

Consider gynecology, obstetrics. The conditions of gynecological interventions that justify the forced entry of a patient into a state of sleep are similar to those in dentistry: not very complicated operations, which, however, require strict fixation of the patient.

The normal course of labor is sometimes complicated by situations that threaten the health of the mother and child. A woman may become nervous, tired of lengthy contractions, be unable to continue to endure painful sensations, but she cannot fall asleep in this position, worsening the situation even more.

In this case, the doctors decide to allow the mother to rest, having entered into a medication sleep. In addition, the indications are the following cases that weaken or cause an abnormal course of labor activity:

• the large size of the fetus, combined with the narrow pelvis of the mother;
• scars from previous operations on the uterus and cervix;
• high water flow;
• tumors in the pelvic organs;
• multiple pregnancy;
• a woman's age is less than 17 and more than 35 years old.

Very often, during the rest of the mother in labor, additional preparations are used to stimulate labor, maturation and softening of the cervix, accelerating its opening. The degree of immersion is usually shallow or moderate, allowing the contractions to continue, the mother to take a nap, wait out the most painful period, gain strength for the attempts.

After operation

Drug sleep after surgery helps to speed up the recovery of the patient, eases the painful effects of surgery. Often used by resuscitation teams during the treatment of severe injuries or during long operations.

Immersion can last from days to three or more, according to the indications of the vital activity of the organism. Sometimes, in especially threatening cases, sleep under the influence of drugs can save a person’s life, and doctors can give time to think through further tactics.

Treatment with drug sleep

It is shown to people who are too emotionally excitable, since frequent high-level nervous disorders extremely negatively affect psychosomatic indicators and can aggravate any diseases, causing their aggravation and recurrence.

Whether it is necessary to treat with medication sleep, its amount, the duration of the dives, the mode of the day is determined by the doctor depending on the diagnosis. Some patients spend in sleep most of the day for a couple of weeks, the remaining time should be devoted to quiet activities that can soothe the injured psyche.

Others are allowed to walk, chat with friends, relatives, watch specially selected films and programs. They are immersed in medication sleep (how long it will last, the doctor determines) for a slightly longer period than recommended for all healthy adults - 10-12 hours, the number of procedures usually remains the same - 12-15.

Surveys

Unpleasant or even painful diagnostic procedures are also performed today under the influence of drug sleep:

• colonoscopy;
• rectoromanoscopy;
• gastroscopy of the stomach, intestines;
• bronchoscopy;
• puncture;
• biopsy;
• endoscopy.

In addition, many studies, including magnetic resonance, computed tomography, optimally carried out in conditions of complete stasis of the patient. If this is not possible, medication sleep will be the solution.

All of the above situations occur not only with adults, but also with children and adolescents who have much higher emotional lability. This category of patients is often so afraid of upcoming interventions that it simply makes it impossible to conduct them.

Modern medicine has developed several maximum safe, almost no contraindications and side effects of drugs, thanks to which you can successfully provide drug sleep to a child in order to perform the necessary medical procedures. If necessary, it is permissible to additionally use means that provide local anesthesia.

Possible complications

Most often, after the end of artificial sleep, the functioning of the body is quickly restored completely. However, given that this is still a compulsory intervention with the use of drugs containing substances that have a slight narcotic effect, some side effects sometimes occur:

• nausea or vomiting, easily stopped by antiemetic drugs, such as Cerucul;
• the occurrence of allergic reactions - an anesthesiologist closely watches this, always holding the necessary medications to relieve symptoms;
• lowering blood pressure, slowing heart rate - also corrected by a doctor who controls sleep;
• if a woman was pregnant during the procedure, but did not know about it or did not warn the doctor, you may have to do an interruption, as some drugs are extremely toxic to the fetus.

Contraindications to the immersion of a person in artificial sleep may be some chronic diseases, especially in the acute stage, as well as medications that are not combined with drugs for medication sleep.

Medication sleep: reviews

Patient reviews are mostly positive. This method of anesthesia is sometimes vital. Painful examination is best carried out in drug sleep. And if there are side effects, they are rather easily stopped.

What is drug sleep, and when it is used

One of the frequent and common experiences of therapeutic procedures is the fear of pain. Although once having experienced unpleasant and painful sensations, a person tries to avoid repetition. Since the anesthetic properties of ether have been discovered, medicine has not stood still and developed. In surgical operations, anesthesia was used, and later - drug sleep.

Differences from anesthesia

Sedation is an alternative to general anesthesia, but has several advantages over it:

• Only one drug is used (several inhalations);
• acts softer and more gentle;
• does not cause dependence;
• does not block basic reflexes;
• does not disable consciousness (except deep sedation);
• easily tolerated and interrupted;
• consciousness is quickly restored after the end of the drug;
• there are practically no side effects;
• restrictions on the use of minimal;
• possibility of long-term treatment (surgery);
• recommended for children, patients with low pain threshold and nervous disorders.

Features

Sedation (preparation, immersion and exit from sleep) lasts under the strict control of the anesthesiologist. It is the responsibility of the calculation of the dosage depending on the individual characteristics of the patient and the nature of the intervention (complexity of the operation).

Before the procedure, they are urged to prepare: to stop smoking, taking alcohol and drugs. Stop eating (for 8-12 hours) and liquid (for 4-6 hours). It is necessary to make an enema or take a fast-acting laxative to cleanse the intestines.

Each stage of the patient’s immersion is monitored by an anesthesiologist (condition of the respiratory system, dynamics of blood flow, hemoglobin level) in order to timely prevent possible negative phenomena (thickening or thinning of blood, formation of blood clots, bleeding, etc.).

Patient sedation levels

The degree of immersion of the patient in sleep is due to the dosage of the used sleeping pills:

The patient is awake. Able to speak, but there is a violation of speech and coordination of movement.

Allows the patient to respond to words, actions and tactile manipulations.

Very similar with anesthesia. High professionalism of the anesthesiologist is required in order not to break the line between sedation and anesthesia. In a state of deep sleep, a person is not capable of contact with the medical staff. Painful stimulation is most often used to awaken a patient. Possible side effects: impaired consciousness, lack of air or inability to breathe.

What drugs are used

Means should have the speed, the fewest side effects and the absence of a long-term effect on the depression of consciousness.

For intravenous sedation used drugs group:

• Benzodiazepines (with hypnotic, anxiolytic, sedative and anticonvulsant effects);
• barbiturates (have a depressant effect on the central nervous system);
• fat emulsions (drug for parenteral nutrition).

Intramuscular use of the same medications as with intravenous, except for fat emulsion.

• Xenon (has muscle relaxant, analgesic and anesthetic effects);
• sevoflurane (anesthetic agent).

Barbiturates are rarely used because they negatively affect the heart muscle and require constant monitoring of geodynamics (movement of blood through the vessels). When sedation in the process of childbirth using a solution of sodium hydroxybutyrate.

Dentistry

It has advantages over general anesthesia and local anesthesia for patients with allergic reactions. It is effective before serious surgical operations (damage to the jaws, abscess, etc.). It is indicated for patients suffering from disorders of the vestibular apparatus, patients with epilepsy, experiencing a pathological fear of a dentist who is prone to attacks of panic attack and an unstable mental state.

Gynecology

Usually used during delivery and is appointed only by a midwife in cases of:

• Prolonged, weakened or sluggish labor activity;
• large fetal size and narrow mother's pelvis;
• scarring from previous operations on the cervix or uterus;
• high water;
• multiple pregnancies;
• tumors in the pelvic organs;
• women over 35 years old or under 17.

Severe pains during contractions can lead to loss of strength, impaired consciousness and impede the process of the child's exit, as a result of which there is a threat to the life and health of the woman and the fetus.

1. Premedication (relaxing drugs, dulling pain).
2. The introduction of substances for drug sleep (sodium hydroxybutyrate solution).

It is often practiced during the treatment of severe injuries in intensive care and during prolonged operations. It relieves the pain of the effects of surgical intervention, and also contributes to a more rapid recovery. If it is a traumatic brain injury or other similar, then this procedure can reduce high intracranial pressure, and give doctors time to develop tactics for further treatment.

With prolonged use of such anesthesia, there is a possibility of adverse effects on the central nervous system.

Surveys

Used to eliminate pain when conducting diagnostic procedures:

• Colonoscopy;
• gastroscopy;
• gastroendoscopy of the stomach;
• gastroenteroscopy;
• fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS)
• fibrogastroscopy (FGS);
• rectoromanoscopy;
• puncture;
• bronchoscopy;
• biopsy;
• gynecological and urological manipulations.

Also used in many studies where the patient must throughout the diagnosis be in a real state to obtain clear medical images: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT).

As a method of treatment

It is indicated for people with nervous disorders (schizophrenia, epilepsy, nervous exhaustion, depression, etc.). Depending on the diagnosis, the specialist determines whether sedation is necessary and what duration of sleep is needed.

Medical manipulations with children

Adolescents and children - this is the category of "difficult" patients with increased activity and emotional lability. Therefore, in order to carry out the necessary medical manipulations, children are introduced into drug sleep with the help of drugs that have practically no side effects and contraindications.

Benefits

1. A modern and safe remedy for fear;
2. mild effect on the central nervous system;
3. lack of stress during and after medical manipulations;
4. rapid postoperative healing;
5. nullification of the development of stomathobia (fear of dental treatment);
6. an effective method of keeping small patients in a state of immobility without negative consequences;
7. the impossibility of getting used to sedation drugs;
8. painless awakening from anesthesia;
9. unlikely occurrence of side effects;
10. recommended for high blood pressure, arrhythmias, angina pectoris.

Possible consequences

Given that drug sleep is a non-natural effect on the body with drugs, there are likely complications:

1. Nausea and vomiting;
2. allergic reactions;
3. dizziness in the first hours after the procedure;
4. temporary lack of coordination and attention;
5. delayed reaction;
6. breathing problems;
7. lower blood pressure;
8. if during the procedure the woman was pregnant, but did not inform the doctor for any reason, a possible abortion, as some substances in the preparations are toxic to the fetus.

Contraindications

• The presence of chronic diseases in the acute stage;
• taking medications that are not compatible with anesthesia drugs;
• allergic reaction or hypersensitivity to sedation drugs;
• pregnancy;
• severe somatic diseases;
• drinking alcoholic beverages;
• intoxication;
• respiratory diseases (rhinitis, runny nose);
• epilepsy.

Conclusion

In the past, any surgical interventions were accompanied by unbearable pains and very few people believed that operations could be performed without suffering. Now it has become possible with a medication sleep, which has almost no side effects.

Video to the material

Reference to the source: http://evrikak.ru/info/chto-takoe-medikamentoznyiy-son/

Use of drug sleep in medicine

Medication sleep is otherwise called chemical or sedation. A person falls into it under the influence of narcotic or sedative drugs. Due to fundamental changes in modern anesthesiology, for each patient today, you can choose an individual anesthesia program. If the patient needs, for example, a painful operation, he will sleep soundly, if the usual cosmetic work on the tooth is just a nap. Current remedies are thousands of times stronger than morphine, due to which their doses may be minimal. Innovative drugs do not cause complications, are promptly removed from the body (after waking up, a person can go home in 30-40 minutes) and do not depress breathing.

Give the definition, the main points

What is drug sleep in reality?   A good alternative to deep anesthesia (do not confuse anesthesia and anesthesia - these are different concepts). A person is conscious, his body retains all reflexes.

In order for him to plunge into the necessary state, sedatives are injected into the patient. The drug can be injected into the muscle or intravenously. The composition completely relaxes, soothes and gives an analgesic effect. Such anesthesia is especially recommended for children, patients with nervous disorders and those with a low pain threshold.

The calculation of the required dose of funds and the procedure for administering the drug is carried out by the anesthesiologist. In the future, the doctor helps patients get out of drug sleep. Complex with sedatives sometimes used local anesthesia.

Among the main advantages of sedation are:

• patient's breath is not oppressed;
• sedatives used can not cause addiction;
• there are no narcotic substances in the formulations used;
• after 8-10 minutes, the patient regains consciousness. After 30-40 minutes - can go home.

The negative effects of sleep medication can be seen only rarely.

Sedation depth

The state of sedation can be of different levels:

• At the minimum level, a person can contact with the outside world (for example, talk to a doctor) and stay awake. Characteristic: slightly impaired coordination of movements, slightly altered intellectual abilities.
• Medium / moderate degree. The patient is able to respond to tactile actions, words.
• Deep level. A person can not contact with the outside world. In order to awaken him, a rather painful stimulation is necessary. Sometimes the patient has trouble breathing. But even with this, hemodynamics is stable.

Popular medications

• speed - after 5-10 minutes the drug should stop its action;
• the absence of a prolonged effect of suppression of consciousness - after the introduction of the composition, the human mind must quickly recover;
• minimal possible side effects.

For mild medication sleep apply Midazolam. If there is a need for immersion in deep sedation, choose Propofol. For the procedure necessary and a substance such as nitrous oxide. It is served to the patient with a special breathing mask. Gas completely relaxes all muscles, soothes a person.

Sometimes a doctor has to use barbiturates. But this option is not the best. Since substances adversely affect the work of the heart muscle, and the patient's geodynamics must be constantly monitored. Barbiturates are used infrequently. If we are talking about sedation during childbirth, it is usually recommended to use a solution of sodium hydroxybutyrate.

Possible consequences

Any medication can cause an allergic reaction in the body.   Even those that are safe. Sedation is accompanied by negative consequences only rarely. However, in some cases, after it is observed:

In the presence of chronic diseases, especially during their exacerbation, the use of such anesthesia is contraindicated. In medication sleep, such unpleasant processes as colonoscopy and gastroscopy are usually performed.

Most doctors agree that before the manipulation the patient should have a chest X-ray and ECG, complete blood count. Thanks to this, it is possible to eliminate all possible risks, to guarantee that in a dream the person will not have problems with the heart or respiratory systems.

Normally, after using medication sleep, after various procedures and surgical interventions, a person easily and quickly recovers. To minimize all negative consequences, the physician should be aware of whether the person is not taking any medications, if the woman does not have a supposed or existing pregnancy, or if there is an allergy.

Impact on health and memory

In previous years, it was possible to hear that drug sleep adversely affects the general health of a person and adversely affects his memory, worsening it. What is today? Modern anesthetics do not have such unpleasant effects. They are not able to affect the intellect or the memory of the patient.

Only during the first 40 minutes after drug administration are observed: a feeling of drowsiness, slow reaction, temporary attention and coordination disorders. But all these consequences are reversible without any action from the patient or doctor.

In the first hours after anesthesia of this nature, a person must refuse:

• difficult intellectual activities - mental work may not bring the desired results;
• control any vehicle.

Some anesthetics have the ability to cause hallucinations and original dreams. However, their use in good clinics has long been abandoned.

The risk of not waking up

The patient does not need to think that there is a possibility not to get out of the state of a drug sleep. In particular, before the very conduct of medical manipulations. Negative attitude can not bring any benefit.

Speaking objectively, there are always risks. And the more complex the operation, the more they are. Therefore, an experienced professional should always be engaged in the selection of the volume and specific type of anesthetic drugs.

Once again, it is worth saying that the drug sleep today is a completely safe, well-controlled and thoroughly worked enterprise. Medical staff are well trained and aware of any possible surprises.

Resuscitation

What is a medication sleep in resuscitation?   In this case, we are talking about sedation for a person who has suffered a severe head injury or other similar serious injuries. The peculiarity of the question is that the duration of the state is not minutes, but days (2-3 days or more or less).

What good is a dream in resuscitation? The fact that it allows the brain to relax allows to reduce high intracranial pressure. Medical specialists have enough time to develop future correct treatment tactics.

Often, sedation is resorted to when the patient is in serious condition, and doctors do not have suitable treatment options. But along with any other type of anesthesia, this technique has a number of contraindications and shortcomings. With prolonged use of drug sleep, it is possible to harm the patient’s central nervous system.

Birth of a child

Immediately it must be said that the drug sleep in this case can not be appointed only because of the desire of the future mom. To make an appropriate decision, you need the conclusion of the midwife. The doctor assesses the overall situation and the patient's condition. He recommends anesthesia only if there is a prolonged delivery process. Measure is considered necessary when the woman in labor suffers from very strong pain, depriving her of strength and disturbing consciousness. Exhausting pain does not contribute to the process of childbirth. Moreover, he can suffer them and the crumb.

Thanks to easy sleep, the patient can temporarily recuperate. The agents used here also have an anesthetic effect. But pain does not disappear completely. They are only slightly dulled, contractions take place in the same mode.

In the case of women in labor, anesthesia is carried out in several stages:

• At the first stage, a woman is prepared for the introduction of the drug (sedation process). The doctor uses relaxing and muffling pains. The negative point is that such drugs can penetrate the placenta. As a result, a still unborn child can fall asleep for a long time.
• In the second stage, the sedation preparations themselves are administered. As a rule, a 20% solution of sodium hydroxybutyrate is used. The composition has low toxicity and safety. He is not able to cause disruption of the crumbs. Most women in labor say that during childbirth sedation is facilitated.

Dentistry

Dentistry is one of those areas where medical / chemical sleep is most widely used. If you compare it with general anesthesia, which is necessary when performing certain dental procedures, sedation has many advantages, and it is cast more securely.

Drug sleep should be chosen for patients with allergic reactions to local anesthesia, before a complicated surgical intervention (periostitis, damage to the jaws, abscess, and the like).

In addition, many patients are terribly afraid to visit the dentist. Despite the fact that dentistry has stepped far forward. In such cases, only with the help of sedation, it is possible to carry out all the required actions in the patient's mouth without causing him any injuries and without fear of his movements.

Schizophrenia, epilepsy and all sorts of disorders of the nervous system - if it comes to treating a patient with such health problems, then medications are also needed. During the sleep of a person, a specialist can work calmly. Thanks to this, all teeth can be cured in one visit.

Due to the safety and ease of the method, it is recommended even for small children.   Especially, hyperactive kids and those crumbs who are afraid of dental instruments and the doctors themselves.