- History of manipulation and management of people.
- Secrets of the manipulation of the special services of the KGB, the FSB and the FBI.
- Ancient secrets of humanity management.
- Manipulation of people, psychology.
- Magical manipulation of the human matrix.
- Manipulation of human consciousness.
- Proven ways of manipulating people.
- How to start learning how to manipulate people.
- How to manage a person?
- How to learn to manipulate the mind of another person?
- Methods of hidden manipulation of man.
- The use of manipulation of man in life.
- Historical information on the manipulation of the masses.
- The literature on the manipulation of people.
- Films about manipulating people.
- Secrets of the successful manipulation of man.
- Psychotechnology, NLP for manipulation and control of human consciousness.
- Training in techniques of manipulation and management of people.
- Psychological manipulation techniques
- Man manipulation course: The secrets of Jewish hypnosis for love and business. + Kabbalah course as a gift.
There are 14 methods of hidden manipulation, which are divided into 7 complex and 7 simple techniques, which of them may apply to you, consider in this article.
Simple manipulation of people
1. The way of manipulating with the help of resentment or guilt. One of the most common methods. The image of the unfortunate victim provides the carrier with the right of unspoken authority. Some people, in this way, live for several years, but others do not try to help him, on the contrary, such a person can cause aggression and irritation. As a rule, it is the victim who runs the family pyramid and is at the pinnacle of power.
How to counter:
The best option would be a rule that can be worked out in such a family - to forget resentment, not to recall past quarrels and conflicts. If an unpleasant situation has occurred, you should immediately discuss it with your partner in order not to return to it in the future, as well as to avoid further repetitions. Let this rule be mandatory for your family.
2. Hidden manipulation of anger. There are people who deliberately lose their balance, thus forcing you to obey. Such manipulators resort to the so-called tactical anger.
How to counter:
You need determination. Do not allow to shout at yourself and try not to yield. If a person also continues to talk in a high tone and breaks into a scream, leave the room. In subsequent conflicts, when your opponent is angry and angry, continue to behave in this way. Until a person treats you rationally.
3. Silence is one of the ways to manipulate. Some people resort to prolonged silence than show their offense. In their opinion, a different behavior will make the problem insignificant. Silence is a way to cause guilt and show how much this person is upset.
How to counter:
Try not to play in silence, otherwise the manipulator will resort to this method constantly. Behave as if nothing happened, wait until the silent speaks first. If a conversation arises, listen to it in a friendly manner, explain that this behavior is not reasonable.
4. Hidden manipulation with the help of the feeling of love. "If you love me, then ...", such manipulation is designed for people close and dear to people who have warm feelings for the manipulator.
How to counter:
Love is the result of a relationship, not a bargaining item. If you notice that someone is trying to exploit your feelings, think how important this is to you.
5. Hope - a way to manipulate. Beautiful promises, often conceal the immediate benefits.
How to counter:
Do not trust the opinions, reliable result, are the facts. Before you make any decision, rely on real experience, and leave no attention to assumptions and someone's stories.
6. Manipulation of vanity. Small hooks, able to firmly hook the inflated ego, they may be hiding behind innocent comments. For example, “You do a very good job with reports! Surely you will make this one the best! ”
How to counter:
Think about whether your plans were fulfilling this task? Does it suit your capabilities and interests?
7. Sarcasm or irony. In order to manipulate people, a person resorts to an ironic tone, remarks or critical remarks, which are accompanied by provocative comments or jokes.
How to counter:
Without your participation, no one can make you offended. Do not give in - try to be offended by “make-believe”, and not on something specific. If you resist the manipulator, you can maintain the emotional balance, the accuracy of the wording and the clarity of thoughts.
Difficult manipulation of people
1. Shift of accents is one of the methods of manipulation, such people deliberately shift the main accents in the presented material, thereby relegating them to the second plan if they are not important or not entirely desirable. This way of manipulating is often used by the media.
How to counter:
Feel free to ask questions you are interested in, check details, check information.
2. Emotional infection. This method of manipulation is based on the property of the human psyche (emotional infection). It is a well-known fact that a person sets in front of him certain protective barriers that help to avoid receiving unwanted information. In order to circumvent these barriers, it is necessary to direct the manipulative actions on the senses. As a result, by “charging” the necessary information with the necessary emotions, it is possible to overcome the obstacles of the mind, thereby causing feelings and an explosion of passions about what was heard. After that, an emotional infection comes into play. This technique is very often used in many television programs and reality shows.
How to counter:
It is necessary to separate the message of the emotional nature and content of the information. For example, before you buy a thing under pressure from the seller, think about what your desires, goals, planned spending before the appearance of this information / situation, what exactly the properties and qualities of the goods you are interested in, whether you really need them.
3. Psychological tricks. It all depends on the supply of material, with different methods, you can get a completely different result. In other words, some kind of event can be specifically “not noticed”, but some should be paid on the contrary, increased attention.
How to counter:
Learn to return yourself to your primary goal before external influence is introduced into it. Check if your current position is in line with your priorities and strategic principles. Analyze the importance, significance and reliability of information brought from outside.
4. Hidden in the questions and suggestions team. Some manipulators under the guise of a request, hide their team.
How to counter:
Clearly define your “coordinate system” and goals. Try to find out the interests and motives of the interlocutor. If such cases are repeated, it will be much easier to track the tactics of their achievement.
5. Avoiding discussion is one of the methods of hidden manipulation. These manipulative actions are carried out using demonstrative resentment. For example, "... it is very difficult to discuss serious issues with you ..." or "I will continue our conversation only after you calm down ...".
How to counter:
6. Artificial displacement of the dispute. In this case, during a dispute, the manipulator tries not to resort to arguments, but proceeds immediately to their refutation. As a result, there is no room for criticism of the position of the manipulator, thus, the dispute is shifted to the opposite side (argumentation).
How to counter:
Return the conversation in the right direction. Remember, you have your own “football field”. Do not give initiative to the manipulator, return to your chosen position.
7. The flow of questions. This method of manipulation is that the object at the same time, asked several different questions on the same topic. Subsequent actions depend on his answer: if a person did not answer the question or did not understand the essence of the problem, then he can be misled.
How to counter:
Tell your opponent that you prefer to answer questions in a queue (sequentially). In the case of an aggressive reaction, follow-up questions should be ignored or paused until the flow of questions stops.
In this article, we told you in detail about 14 methods of hidden manipulation, perhaps one of them is periodically applied to you, read our tips on how to resist the manipulator.
Manipulation is called psychological techniques that help get people to the desired behavior through a hidden impact.
When manipulating and influencing another person, it is important that he himself wants to perform certain actions. Knowledge of manipulation techniques makes life easier, helps to achieve success and confront other manipulators.
The complexity of many methods of manipulation is such that it will require long training sessions, other methods are easier to use. But in any case, preliminary preparation for influencing a person is required.
The duties of the nursing staff include the implementation of medical procedures prescribed by the attending physician. On how these manipulations will be performed depends not only on the early recovery of patients, but also on the prevention of possible complications, therefore, knowledge of technology and compliance with all the rules of medical manipulation is a basic requirement for medical personnel.
The most important manipulations that should be owned by all the staff of any medical institution are different ways of administering drugs, dressing, physical methods of treatment. The peculiarity of the surgical hospital is that employees possess the skills to care for wounds and traumatic injuries. Therefore, medical personnel need to know the surgical instruments, modern suture material and dressings.
In pediatric surgery, an important criterion in the selection of drugs is the age of patients. The same criterion justifies their route of administration. There are several ways to introduce medicinal substances:
1) enteral pathway
2) parenteral route
3) rectal tract,
4) external use of medicinal substances.
Enteral path - the introduction of drugs through the mouth. There are many different forms of drugs for oral administration: tablets, pills, powders, capsules, tinctures, syrups, suspensions, solutions, aerosols, etc. In early childhood, the use of tablets, pills, capsules and other solid forms is difficult, therefore, greater preference given to solutions, syrups, suspensions. Some medicinal substances intended for ingestion, are destroyed by the action of hydrochloric acid of the stomach, therefore a special membrane consisting of gelatin (the so-called capsule) is used for such substances. This shell freely passes the stomach, breaking down only under the influence of enzymes in the duodenum, which ensures the safety of the medicinal substance. It is important that the optimal effect of many oral forms is associated with the act of eating, so you need to strictly follow the sequence of reception - before meals, during meals or after meals. In the treatment of patients most often used complex drugs that have a diverse effect, the route of administration of which may differ. It must be remembered that some drugs in combination with each other can both potentiate the effect and act as antagonists. Therefore, the introduction of medicinal substances and their sequence must be thought out in advance. Special attention should be paid to the compatibility of medicinal substances in the parenteral route of administration.
Parenteral route - the introduction of drugs into the bloodstream with the help of intracutaneous, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections, as well as intravenous infusions.
Ø Intradermal injection used when conducting local anesthesia, determining the general and local sensitivity to the drug substance, during vaccination. Method of administration: the injection site is treated with 70% alcohol, at the injection site with a hand, tension the skin, then the needle is inserted at an angle of 30 ° (needle upwards) to a depth of 1-2 mm, and then the drug is injected. If a tubercle is formed in the form of a “lemon peel” (Figure No. 9), then the injection is done correctly. If the rules of asepsis and antiseptics are not followed, purulent complications may occur - infiltration, abscess, phlegmon.
Fig. 9. Formation of "lemon peel" with intradermal injection.
Ø Subcutaneous injection medicinal substances produced in the outer surface of the middle third of the shoulder or thigh, subscapularis and lateral surfaces of the abdomen. As a result of the injection, a depot of medicinal substance is created in the subcutaneous fatty tissue, which is very slowly absorbed and thereby ensures its prolonged action. Method of administration: the injection site is treated with 70% alcohol, then the skin is collected into one fold with one hand, and the needle is inserted 1.5–2 cm deep into the base of the fold at an angle of 30-45 ° and the drug is injected (figure No. 10). A dry sterile cotton swab is applied to the puncture site for 1-2 minutes. Complications after subcutaneous injection may also be associated with impaired asepsis and antiseptics (the development of purulent infection in the subcutaneous fatty tissue), as well as methods of injection (accidental administration of the drug intravenously).
Fig. 10. Places and techniques of subcutaneous injection.
Ø Intramuscular injection Drugs produced in the outer upper quadrant of the buttocks or the outer surface of the upper third of the thigh. A depot of medicinal substance is created in the muscle tissue, which is slowly absorbed, but slightly faster than with subcutaneous injections. When conducting an injection in the area of the outer upper quadrant of the buttocks, the position of the patient must be strictly lying on his stomach. Method: the injection site is treated with 70% alcohol, then with one hand we stretch the skin, with the other hand we insert the needle 2/3 of its length at an angle of 90 ° to the skin, before leading the medicinal substance it is necessary to pull the piston up to make sure that the syringe does not enter blood, and only then slowly inject the drug substance.
Fig. 11. Places and equipment for intramuscular injection.
After insertion, a cotton swab is pressed against the needle and the needle is removed with a sharp movement (Figure No. 11). Possible complications are associated with violation of aseptic and antiseptic measures (purulent infection), as well as techniques of manipulation (in soft tissues a foreign body can remain - part of a needle; or the introduction of a medicinal substance into the vessel can occur, which is fraught with an overdose of the drug, embolism).
Ø Intravenous administration medicinal substances. Most often, vein puncture is performed in the area of the elbow bend (cubital vein), but in young children due to the well-developed subcutaneous fatty tissue, the elbow bend veins are not visualized, so the veins of the forearm, hand, back of the foot, head, where the thickness of the subcutaneous adipose tissue less. With the introduction of the drug intravenously, the effect often develops "at the tip of the needle." Method of implementation: the position of the patient sitting or lying down, a tourniquet is applied to the middle third of the shoulder, after which the patient squeezes and clenches his fist several times so that the veins of the elbow are filled with blood. The area of the elbow bend is treated with 70% alcohol, then the skin is tightened with one hand and the vein is fixed, the needle is injected with the other hand upwards, almost parallel to the skin until it feels flat and moves along the vein 1/3 the length of the needle. We check for the presence of a needle in a vein, pulling the plunger towards us; blood should appear in the syringe. Plait dissolve and slowly inject the drug substance (Fig. No. 12).
Fig. 12. Intravenous injections.
At the end of the injection, the needle is quickly removed from the vein, pressing the injection site with a sterile swab. Complications with intravenous injections are associated with impaired aseptic and antiseptic (development of sepsis), impaired manipulation techniques (embolism, thrombophlebitis, hematoma, aseptic necrosis). In infants of the first days of life, the umbilical vein is sometimes used for intravenous infusions; however, the duration of its use is limited to several days due to a possible complication, thrombosis, therefore the continuation of further infusions requires catheterization of the peripheral veins, if it is impossible, venesection is performed (Figure 13).
Fig. 13. Places punctures and venesections in children.
For longer infusion of solutions and blood products in children using central veins. Most often catheterization subclavian vein. Catheterization of the subclavian vein is a medical procedure that is performed in children under general anesthesia. As with venesection, catheterization of the subclavian vein is considered a minor operation.
Rectal way the introduction of medicinal substances has several advantages over oral, especially in early childhood - low invasiveness, ease of use, rapid absorption, the drug passes the liver, i.e. does not collapse in it. Dosage form for rectal administration are suppositories (suppositories), which are based on either oils, paraffin and natural fats, or gelatinoglycerol gels. Also, medicinal substances can be administered using enemas. There are several types of enemas: cleansing, hypertonic, siphon, drug, nutritional and others.
Ø Cleansing enema It is best carried out in a special place - usually in a manipulation room, where there should be a separate cabinet in which the accessories are stored - the Esmarch cup, pears (rubber bottles) for newborns and young children, tips, oilcloth, and vessel (figure No. 14). Before enema, the child is offered to urinate, then laid on his left side with the knees brought to the stomach; it is possible to hold this enema in the knee-elbow position. Before the enema, an oilcloth is placed on the couch, the end of which should hang down in the pelvis (in case the child does not keep water in the intestine). Esmarch's mug or a rubber pear is filled with boiled water at room temperature, the system is filled, the tip is richly lubricated with vaseline oil, the system is suspended on a rack at a height of one meter above the couch. The left hand is moved apart the buttocks, and the right gently inject the tip into the anus, pushing it into the rectum towards the navel first by 2-3 cm, and then parallel to the spine 4-5 cm. The tip should be advanced freely and without violence. After the tip is installed, open the flow of fluid. For a good action of a cleansing enema, it is advisable to hold water for at least 15-20 minutes, after which the child is planted on the pot. It is necessary to follow the action of the enema, inspect the feces for the presence of pathological impurities (mucus, blood, green). Possible complications may be associated with impaired technology - wounding the wall of the rectum.
Fig. 14. Rubber pears and Esmarkh mug.
Ø Hypertensive Enema shown with intestinal atony or with an ineffective cleansing enema. The action of an enema is based on an irritating effect - it stimulates intestinal motility by osmotic pressure created by a 10% solution of sodium chloride, with the result that interstitial fluid richly enters the intestinal lumen, which dilutes the intestinal contents. Hypertonic solution is prepared at the rate of 10 g of salt per 100 ml of boiled water. The technique of manipulation is similar to a cleansing enema, performed by a rubber pear, because the volume of fluid injected during this enema is less. The volume of fluid injected depends on the age of the patient. The effect of hypertonic enema occurs in 15-20 minutes. Hypertensive enema is contraindicated in inflammatory or ulcerative bowel disease.
Table 5.
The volume of injected fluid, depending on age at
and hypertensive enema.
Sometimes with chronic constipation in children, Egnev's enema is used. This enema has a pronounced stimulating peristalsis effect, it consists of: 200 ml of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, 200 ml of pure (anhydrous) glycerin and 200 ml of soap solution.
Ø Siphon Enema produced with significant stagnation of intestinal contents, as well as to prepare for bowel surgery, this procedure is performed in the presence of a doctor. Equipment - a long and fairly solid probe with a diameter of at least 1 cm and several side holes at the end, a funnel with a capacity of 500-600 ml, a basin and a bucket. Technique of manipulation: the child is placed on his back with legs and legs raised to the stomach and a slightly raised pelvis. Funnel connected to the probe, fill the system. The free end of the tube is thickly treated with vaseline oil and injected to a depth of 4-5 cm. Following the tube, the index finger of the left hand is inserted into the intestine and, under its control, the end of the tube is advanced into the sigmoid colon. The procedure begins with full confidence in the correct position of the tube. At the same time, the funnel is first lowered to approximately the level of the buttocks, then it is filled with water and raised upwards, then the funnel is lowered again. The contents of the colon lead through the funnel into the pelvis. This procedure is carried out several times until clean water flows out; the volume of liquid during the procedure can reach up to 15-18 liters. When performing a siphon enema, it is very important to monitor the amount of fluid injected and discharged. The amount of fluid injected should not be more output, otherwise there may be complications associated with water intoxication, which usually manifests itself in 20-30 minutes after the procedure, and sometimes during it. The child has repeated vomiting, rapid pulse, shortness of breath, skin becomes pale, eyeballs sink and consciousness is disturbed. Water intoxication is associated with simultaneous absorption of a large amount of liquid and toxins, as a result of which the volume of circulating fluid (BCC) increases significantly, which leads to sharp electrolyte disturbances, changes in the acid-base state (CBS), swelling of the brain and parenchymatous organs. The prevention of water intoxication consists in strict observance of the basic rule of the siphon enema - compliance with the amount of input and output fluid. For a siphon enema, it is better to use isotonic sodium chloride solution. At the same time, the danger of water intoxication, although not completely excluded, is significantly reduced.
Ø Nutritional enema can be performed when there is no food intake through the mouth. An hour before a nutrient enema, a cleansing enema is performed. The nutrient fluid must be warm and have a hypotonic or isotonic concentration. For the nutrient enema collect droplet system that allows you to adjust the flow of fluid, the optimal rate is 6-10 drops per minute. The child is placed in a comfortable position, because drip enema is carried out for a long time, it is better to use a rubber tip or a thin catheter, which is introduced to a greater depth (up to 10-15 cm or more). Immediately make a reservation that in recent years, in connection with the introduction of a balanced parenteral nutrition, the need for nutrient enemas is almost reduced to 0.
Ø Therapeutic Enema - microclysters (10-30 ml.), Used for the introduction into the rectum and sigmoid colon of solutions of medicinal substances (decoctions of herbs, solutions of drugs, suspensions of biological preparations), designed to hold them in the rectum for at least 30 minutes before absorption or subsequent emptying of the intestines. They are prescribed for the treatment of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the direct (proctitis) and sigmoid colon (sigmoiditis), as well as for the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis. The negative side of using enema as a medical procedure is the violation of intestinal microflora with frequent use.
Outdoor use medicinal substances are widely used in modern medicine and attracts with its non-invasiveness and ease of use. For external use, the following dosage forms are used: ointments, gels, solutions, drops, aerosols, powders, powders, etc. These forms are applied locally — for example, applied to the skin or injected into the eyes, ears, and nose. For the introduction of eye drops use a sterile pipette. The patient is asked to look up, pull the lower eyelid down and over the eyelid instilled 1-2 drops of the drug. In the ear injected oil solutions, heated to body temperature. The auricle is pulled back and up to straighten the ear canal. After 3-4 drops are injected, they press the trestle several times to push the solution into the ear canal. Nose drops should be instilled, after clearing the nasal passages. To do this, you can use hypertonic, isotonic sprays, as well as to cleanse the nasal passages using nasal aspirators or rubber pears. Nasal aspirators are used as a suction (figure number 15). In children from 5 years old, the following technique can be used: one nostril is closed, and the second one is pumped fluid into the nasal cavity with a rubber pear, while the child exhales air through it, then this procedure is performed from the other side. After the nasal passages have been cleaned, the child is seated with the head slightly thrown back, the tip of the nose is turned in the direction opposite to the nasal passage into which drops are introduced. Instill 2-3 drops, after which the patient tilts his head in the opposite direction. After 2 min, repeat the manipulation on the other side. In addition, for the external administration of drugs often use an electromagnetic field (electrophoresis) and ultrasonic waves (phonophoresis), which provides a deeper penetration of the drug into local tissues.
Fig. 15. Nasal aspirators.
One of the components of the treatment of children in the surgical hospital is the use of physical methods - hot-water bottles, compresses, therapeutic baths. The local effect of heat and cold has a painkiller, absorbing and calming effect. In different phases of one disease, it is possible to use both heat and cold, therefore, this procedure should be regulated by a doctor. It must be remembered that a hot or cold heating pad to avoid burns and frostbite can not be used on a naked body. Hot water bottle filled with hot or cold water to ½ volume, remove the air and close the stopper. Before attaching a heating pad, you should wrap it in a diaper or towel. Compresses have a similar local effect. Compresses happen warming and cold, wet and dry. Compresses impose on clean, dry skin. For warming compresses using warm water (37 ° C) or 70 ° ethyl alcohol, diluted in half with water (half alcohol compress). Gauze, folded in several layers, is plentifully moistened with a solution, then squeezed out moderately and laid. A layer of cotton is applied on top and the compress is strengthened with a bandage. Exposure time 30-60 minutes. When cold compresses gauze moistened in ice water, squeeze and apply, replacing every 3-5 minutes. After removing the compress, the skin is dried and rubbed with alcohol. Mustard pills were prescribed earlier in order to prevent and treat pulmonary complications in the postoperative period, congestion in the lungs, pleurisy, pneumonia, bronchitis. Method of conducting - mustard plasters are moistened in warm water and applied to the skin with a working surface. Compress paper is laid on top and a towel or diaper is placed on it. The exposure time is 5-10 min, after which the mustard plasters are removed, gently rub the skin with warm water and smeared with vaseline oil. A contraindication of mustard plasters are inflammatory skin diseases. At the present stage, due to low efficiency, mustard plaster is not used. Temperature, mechanical factors, as well as chemicals dissolved in water, are widely used in medicine in the form therapeutic baths . All baths according to the degree of fullness are divided into general and local. Among the latter, there are: a half-bath (lower body to the waist), sessile baths (pelvis, lower abdomen and upper thighs without dipping the legs), foot baths (from feet to knees, depending on the purpose), a hand bath. Baths also differ in water temperature: cold (up to 20º С), cool (up to 30º С), indifferent (34-36º С), warm (up to 38º С), hot (above 39º С). You can also say that the baths are divided into simple (that is, without any additives - salt, herbs, pine needles and others) and with the addition of any drugs. Bath fillers can be: grass collection, potassium permanganate, sea salt and seaweed, a wide variety of minerals, table salt, needles and much more. Contraindications to taking baths are acute cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertensive crisis), bleeding, exacerbation of chronic diseases (peptic ulcer, glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis and others), feverish, acute infectious diseases, the postoperative period.
A special feature of the surgical hospital is the presence of patients with various types of wounds and injuries, and, therefore, their care requires a good knowledge of the desmurgy rules, surgical instruments and suture material by medical staff.
Desmurgy(Greek desmos - leash, connection, bandage and ergon - work, execution) - the science of bandages. The process of applying a dressing to a wound and previous therapeutic manipulations is referred to as “dressing”. The technique of dressing should be owned by anyone.
The following types of dressings are distinguished:
ó soft,
- glue,
- tough.
More widely in medicine, soft bandages are used, especially bandage. By appointment, soft dressings are divided into
Guillaume Thomas Francois Raynal
Manipulation is the hidden control of a person, people. It is quite common in our lives, because the desire to manipulate others is inherent in all people. This is one of the ways to survive and achieve your goals in this world. Therefore, many people resort to it from time to time. But it is rather difficult to manipulate people effectively, for this you need to have a good understanding of this matter and have some practical experience. Nevertheless, most people still try to manipulate each other, mostly intuitively and guided by the most superficial knowledge in this area. And somehow they manage to do it. There are professional manipulators that manipulate people very competently, constantly and, as a rule, very successfully. So all of us, in one way or another, consciously or spontaneously do it, regardless of our attitude to manipulation. Therefore, given the importance of this topic, let's consider it in more detail.
Distraction
Distraction is one of the most common ways of manipulating people. The objective of this approach is to divert the attention of a person or people from something important, switching it to topics that are beneficial to the manipulator. For example, during a conversation a person may avoid discussing an topic that is inconvenient for him, focusing our attention on something else. In particular, he may not answer the questions put before him or answer them in the way he is comfortable speaking about very different things. It should be noted that not always people do it consciously. More often, they spontaneously switch to what interests them, cares about what it is pleasant and comfortable for them to talk about. And at the same time they are switching us to these topics. But these topics are not always so important as to discuss them at the expense of more important topics.
In general, it is common for many people during a conversation to lose the main idea, which often prevents them and their interlocutors from understanding the essence of the issue under discussion and solving it. And this is to some extent an unconscious manipulation that confuses all the people involved in the conversation. But there are also people who only pretend to be windy, frivolous, inconsistent, and thus they lead their interlocutors away from this or that issue in the direction they need. So you can distract a person from something really important and focus his attention on minor things, start telling some interesting story or asking him some provocative question so that he starts thinking about something irrelevant. Or you can begin to answer those questions that are interesting and convenient for you, or even those that you put before yourself in order to control the conversation. For example, the seller in the store, instead of answering the buyer's question about the final price of a product, may begin to talk about its merits, its demand for many people and things like that, thereby avoiding a direct answer to the question asked. To do this, you can create the appearance of a connection between the question posed and the answer to it, using, for example, the same pseudology. Or you can pretend that the question is not quite clear and answer as it is convenient.
Speaking of distraction, it is impossible not to mention the media, which often show and tell people such news, which is not very important to them. In pursuing certain goals, the media focus people's attention on such problems that have the least impact on their lives, if not affect them at all, while distracting them from really serious problems. Because of this, people fill their heads with insignificant things, instead of doing what is really important to them. So a similar way of manipulating people is used everywhere. And in order not to become his victim, never lose sight of an important question for you, an important idea for you, a topic, a problem, a task. People will not be able to confuse you if you yourself remember what is important to you.
Lying
Lying is one of the most effective and frequently used ways of manipulating people. When people lie, they in some way distort reality, they confuse those to whom they lie, direct them along the wrong path, prevent them from sorting out something, understanding something. A lie has always been and will be one of the most frequent companions of our lives. Only we must understand with you that a manipulation is a lie only when it is not obvious, when it is difficult to recognize it, when it is relevant and effective. Pathological liars are often bad manipulators, because they lie constantly, in everything and everyone. And therefore they are perceived by many people who know them as liars who cannot be trusted. Consequently, there can be no talk of any hidden influence on those around you. And manipulation is a hidden effect on a person, so a lie must be secretive, skillfully disguised, so as not to even smell like a lie. And for this man-manipulator, must lie carefully, beautifully and only when necessary. A lie must be hidden behind the truth, it must be carefully added to the well-known truths, then people will not even realize that, together with the truth, they have received a portion of lies, which can negatively affect many of their actions. Well, protection against lies is critical thinking. I advise you never to forget that people are prone to deception, even in insignificant trifles. Therefore, do not rush to believe them, whatever and how they would not tell you.
False facts
False facts - this is a tool that allows you to more subtly manipulate people, with the help of quite sophisticated lies. And believe it or not, we are constantly confronted with false facts in our lives. And sometimes it is quite difficult to understand what is true of what we learn about and what is fiction. After all, it is much easier to invent a fact than to learn about it and study it. And when someone tells you about something, referring to some facts that are quite difficult for you to verify or even impossible at all, what can you do but to believe or not to believe in them. Manipulators are counting on this when they convey certain information to you. It is believed that with the help of false facts, it is possible to manipulate mostly illiterate people who do not possess the necessary information and therefore can perceive any fact invented by the manipulator as true. But in fact, a highly educated person can also become a victim of false facts. It all depends on the acting skills of the manipulator, which can look quite convincing, presenting us with certain facts, as true and from our awareness in a particular area. We do not know everything and we can check not all the information coming to us. Even worse, people do not like to change their opinion about something. Therefore, if in childhood they are inspired by certain beliefs, then they can live with them all their lives without even questioning them and testing them. Even as adults, many people can believe in everything that will make the most impression on them.
Thus, my friends, in many facts that we supposedly know, we actually just believe, besides, not all of them are correctly understood by us. Therefore, it is always possible to introduce into our consciousness a new fact [false fact], which we will need to believe in if we want to put it into service. False facts are the same lie, only expressed in a concrete form. It is very difficult to verify, difficult to analyze. But it is easy to use in the right situations. Let's say, what prevents you from talking to people in the right place to refer to some fact that you invented on the go that will help you prove something, explain it, inspire people? What, does someone immediately [or even] will check your information for accuracy? Or are you so erudite surrounded by people that they are able to verify any facts on the truth with the help of their knowledge? Hardly. The only thing you can pay attention to in this case is the consequences of your lies. It is possible that in the future it will turn out that you were lying, that your fact turned out to be fictional. And then, perhaps, people will lose confidence in you. But here it all depends on what goals you will use to use false facts and how well you insure against possible exposure. So this tool is quite effective. And if you take a closer look at our life, you will understand that it is often used by many people.
Emotions
Manipulating people through the emotional sphere is the most common type of manipulation. All people experience emotions that in turn affect their behavior. And it is on emotions that people most often commit rash acts that they would never commit to a cold head. And if we approach this issue philosophically, then we can say that people commit all their actions on emotions, since every thought gives rise to an emotion that motivates a person to act. But in our case, we are talking about pronounced emotions that overshadow the mind and make people's behavior instinctive. I will not now describe to you all the possible ways to call people of certain emotions for the purpose of manipulation, since there are a lot of them. I will only tell you in general terms, by what means can a person cause a certain emotional state to manipulate him.
The main task of the manipulator in this case is to cause the desired emotional state in the person, not in an obvious, but in a secretive way. Take fear, for example. This is quite a strong emotion, through which it is very easy to manage people. In order to manipulate with the help of fear, the manipulator should not intimidate his victim openly and clearly, it is enough for him to tell her the terrible story from which the victim herself draws frightening conclusions. Well, let's say someone wants to sell you a medicine. He may not offer you anything directly so as not to cause rejection, but instead he will tell you that he himself has recently started using this medicine, because now there is such a terrible disease that you need to treat, otherwise the consequences will be dire. The more fear he catches on you, the higher your interest in the medicine will be. He can talk about such things that scare, but will not specifically intimidate you. You yourself will be scared and you will also want to purchase this medicine. This is a rough example, but I think you understand the meaning. The main thing here, at the right time to cause the desired emotion. And she already will push the person to the necessary actions.
Still, people can transmit to those around them one or another of their emotions, so to speak, to infect them with them, in order to make them feel what they feel. This is also a manipulation in which you can become a hostage to other people's emotions. If, say, our interlocutor is spewing negative, then this negative is transmitted to us, and we also become nervous, angry, depressed, and so on. In the same way, if our interlocutor communicates with us on a positive wave, then we feel positive. And on this positive wave, we can do certain things, for example, we can buy something, which we don’t really need, or give something to, give to another person. In other words, having become infected with certain emotions, we become prone to their attendant behavior. For example, women are thus very often manipulated by men. They behave very emotionally, often deliberately inflate an elephant from a fly and can make a tragedy out of a generally harmless situation, in order to take the man off balance and to something to induce him. And if a man falls into a similar emotional state because of a woman, he can perform the actions necessary for a woman, including not the most intelligent ones. So a woman with the hands of a man can solve their problems, tasks. In the same way, the mass media already mentioned by me can make a tragedy out of one situation and a holiday out of another. But more often they skillfully intimidate people in order to induce them to take some kind of action or, on the contrary, make them passive. The method is quite simple - the more horrible news you will be shown, the more you will be afraid of everything. More precisely, you will be afraid of those things that will scare you.
Thus, the manipulation of people through the impact on their emotions in general is quite effective. People are very easy to emotion, because it does not require serious effort, in contrast to the conscious perception of something. It is only necessary to study the patterns of their behavior in order to understand how one person or another is more susceptible to emotions. To do this, pay attention to how people behave while in a particular emotional state, as well as what causes this state. This will give you a lot of useful information that will help you manipulate others, affecting their emotional state. You can annoy or frighten a person very much, you can cheer or upset him. And being in the right emotional state, he will become more inclined to some specific actions. You will only need to push him to these actions, calling him to them, pointing, hinting at them or setting the desired example.
Why do people manipulate each other?
After all this, you may have a question - why do people generally manipulate each other, what is the need for this? The fact is, friends, that people want to have an advantage over each other in order to take more and give less. This is a natural desire for our species. This desire is related to the natural selection - who will be more clever, more cunning, more fit, he will survive and succeed. The rest will be on the outskirts of life. Therefore, people use all the methods available to them to replay each other. Manipulation is one of the most effective methods of controlling other people, it is much more effective than brute force, but at the same time it is more difficult to master. But it is available to everyone, so many use it. The so-called everyday manipulation permeates all spheres of our life.
Notice, friends, you can find a small number of ways to manipulate people, which I talked about in this article everywhere. We do not always notice and do not always recognize the fact that we are constantly being manipulated or trying to manipulate, but this is so. And we do not always notice when our own behavior is manipulative. True, at the same time, it is not always effective. Nevertheless, there is a lot of manipulation around us. For example, manipulating with emotions has thousands of different forms of human exposure. For example, to intimidate a person can be a lot of ways. The principle they all, of course, will be the same, but the form is different. Therefore, there is such a thing as methods of manipulation, which are various combinations of words, images and actions aimed at hidden influence on people and encouraging them to something. In this case, be sure to understand well, so as not to become a victim of other people's manipulations, and if necessary, use manipulation to achieve your goals. In our world, this skill is of great importance. People have always used, use and will use manipulation as a tool to influence each other. Just someone will do it more successfully than others. If you learn this skill, you will become, so to speak, a tough nut that you cannot easily spend and which you want to spend.
Finally, I will say that being manipulated by others is not the best way for people to interact with each other, we could definitely be more honest, kinder, more humane and more discovery. But as long as people are what they are, they will not be able to live without manipulation. Ideally, we can cooperate with each other on mutually beneficial terms, without any tricks. But in reality this is very difficult to achieve. Suffice it to say that all people lie. I, as a psychologist and as a person, are constantly confronted with human lies. People lie very often, even in harmless situations and on irrelevant issues. And a lie is one of the ways to manipulate others. Therefore, this fact alone indicates that all people are manipulators. Good or bad, it doesn't matter. It is important that we are all prone to manipulation. And this fact should not be assessed, it just needs to be recognized. And having recognized, it is necessary to start learning to play by the rules that exist in nature and in the world of people in order to be more often among the winners and less often the losers.
ALGORITHMS OF MANIPULATIONS BASED ON THE NURSE CASE
BASIC MANIPULATIONS ON SED
DIMENSION OF GROWTH No. 1/18
Purpose: Measure the patient's height and register in the temperature sheet.
Indications:
Contraindications: Severe condition of the patient.
Equipment:
Temperature sheet.
Possible patient problems:
The patient is agitated.
The patient has a serious condition or he is with physical damage (blind, no limb), etc.
Disinfect the oilcloth in accordance with applicable orders and place on the height meter.
Place the patient with his back to the rack so that he touches it with the back of his head, shoulder blades, buttocks and heels.
Bend your head so that the outer corner of the eye is at the levels of the upper edge of the ear trestle.
Lower the bar on the head and mark the height in accordance with the marks on the height meter stand.
Record the growth data in the temperature sheet.
Growth data were obtained, the results were recorded in the temperature sheet.
DETERMINATION OF BODY MASS No. 2/19
Purpose: Measure the patient's weight and record in the temperature sheet.
Indications: The need to study the physical development and prescribed by a doctor.
Contraindications: Severe condition of the patient.
Possible patient problems:
The patient is agitated.
Negative mood.
Severe condition.
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment:
Inform the patient about the upcoming manipulation and its progress.
Check the condition of the scales.
Put a clean oilcloth on the weighing pad.
Open the bolt and balance them with a large and small weight.
Close the shutter.
Help the patient stand in the middle of the weights pad (without shoes).
Open the shutter.
Balance patient weight with weights.
Close the shutter.
Help the patient get off the scale.
Record the results in the history of the disease.
Treat the oilcloth in accordance with the requirements of the sanitary epidemiological regime.
Evaluation of the results achieved: The weight data were obtained and the results were recorded in the temperature sheet.
Education of the patient or his relatives: Consultative type of intervention in accordance with the above sequence of actions of a nurse.
CALCULATION OF THE FREQUENCY OF RESPIRATORY MOVEMENTS No. 3/20
Indications:
Evaluation of the physical condition of the patient.
Diseases of the respiratory system.
Prescribing doctor and others.
Contraindications: Not.
Equipment.
Temperature sheet.
Clock with a second hand or a stopwatch.
Possible patient problems: Psycho-emotional (arousal, etc.)
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment:
Prepare a stopwatch or stopwatch.
Wash your hands.
Ask the patient to lie down comfortably so that you can see the upper part of the front surface of the chest.
Take the patient's arm, as for examining the pulse on the radial artery, so that the patient thinks that you are examining his pulse.
Look at the rib cage: you will see how it rises and falls.
If you are unable to see the movement of the chest, put your hand on the patient's chest, and you will feel these movements.
Count the frequency for 1 minute (only the number of breaths).
After the procedure, help the patient sit down more conveniently, remove all unnecessary.
Wash your hands.
Record the measurement data in the patient's temperature sheet.
Evaluation of the results achieved: NPV calculated, recorded in the temperature sheet.
Notes:
Normally, the respiratory movements are rhythmic (i.e., repeated at regular intervals). The frequency of respiratory movements in an adult at rest is 16–20 per minute, and in women it is 2–4 breaths more often than in men. During sleep, breathing usually becomes less frequent (up to 14 - 16 beats per minute), breathing becomes faster during physical exertion, emotional arousal.
The increase in NPV is called tachypnea; reduction of NPV - bradypnea; apnea - lack of breathing.
Types of breathing: chest - in women, abdominal - in men, mixed - in children.
When calculating the NPV, pay attention to the depth and rhythm of breathing, as well as the duration of inhalation and exhalation, whistle the type of breathing.
RESEARCH ON PULSE No. 4/21
Purpose: Investigate the patient's pulse and record the readings in the temperature sheet.
Indication:
Assessment of the cardiovascular system.
Prescribing doctor.
Contraindications: Not.
Equipment.
Temperature sheet.
Possible patient problems:
Negative attitude to intervene.
The presence of physical damage.
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment:
Inform the patient about the study of his pulse, explain the meaning of the intervention.
Cover the patient’s left forearm with the fingers of your right hand, and the patient’s right forearm with the fingers of your left hand in the wrist area.
Place your 1st finger on the back of your forearm; 2, 3, 4th sequentially from the base of the thumb on the radial artery.
Press the artery to the radius and feel the pulse
Determine the symmetry of the pulse. If the pulse is symmetrical, further research can be done on one hand. If the pulse is not symmetrical, conduct further research on each hand separately.
Determine the rhythm, frequency, filling and voltage of the pulse.
Perform pulse counting for at least 30 seconds. Multiply the resulting figure by 2. In the presence of an arrhythmic pulse, produce a count of at least 1 minute.
Pulse examined. Data entered in the temperature sheet.
Patient education or relatives: Consultative type of intervention in accordance with the above sequence of actions of a nurse.
Notes:
Places to study the pulse:
radial artery
femoral artery
temporal artery
popliteal artery
carotid artery
artery of the rear foot.
Most often, the pulse is examined on the radial artery.
At rest in an adult healthy person heart rate 60-80 beats per 1 minute.
Increased heart rate (over 90 beats per minute) - tachycardia.
Reducing the pulse rate (less than 60 beats per minute) - bradycardia.
The level of independence in the implementation of the intervention - 3.
MEASUREMENT OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE No. 5/22
Purpose: Measure blood pressure with a brachial artery tonometer.
Indications: All patients and healthy to assess the state of the cardiovascular system (during routine inspections, in case of pathology of the cardiovascular and urinary systems; with loss of consciousness of the patient, with complaints, Headache, weakness, dizziness).
Contraindications: Congenital malformations, paresis, fracture of the arm, on the side of the remote breast gland.
Equipment: Tonometer, phonendoscope, pen, temperature sheet.
Possible patient problems:
Psychological (does not want to know the amount of blood pressure, fears, etc.).
Emotional (negativity to everything), etc.
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment:
Inform the patient about the upcoming manipulation and its progress.
Put the patient's hand correctly: in the unfolded position, palm up, the muscles are relaxed. If the patient is in a sitting position, then for a better extension of the limb, ask him to place a clenched fist of the free hand brush under the elbow.
Place the cuff on the patient's bare shoulder 2-3 cm above the elbow; clothes should not squeeze the shoulder above the cuff; fasten the cuff so tightly that only one finger passes between it and the shoulder.
Connect the manometer with the cuff. Check the position of the gauge needle relative to the scale zero.
Feel the pulse in the area of the cubital fossa and place a phonendoscope in this place.
Close the valve on the bulb and pump air into the cuff: inject air until the pressure in the cuff, according to the manometer readings, exceeds the level at which the pulsation of the artery is no longer 25-30 mm Hg.
Open the valve and slowly release the air from the cuff. At the same time, listen with a phonendoscope tones and monitor the readings of the gauge scale.
Note the systolic pressure value when the first distinct sounds appear over the brachial artery,
Note the value of diastolic pressure, which corresponds to the moment of complete disappearance of tones.
Record the blood pressure measurement data in the form of a fraction (systolic pressure in the numerator, diastolic in the denominator), for example, 120/75 mm Hg. Art.
Help the patient lie down or sit comfortably.
Remove all unnecessary.
Wash your hands.
Record the data in the temperature sheet.
Remember!Blood pressure should be measured 2-3 times on both hands at intervals of 1-2 minutes for reliable to take the lowest result. The air from the cuff must be released every time completely.
Evaluation of the results achieved: Blood pressure is measured, the data entered in the temperature sheet.
Note. Normal in healthy people blood pressure numbers depend on age. Indications of systolic pressure fluctuates in normal from 90 mm Hg. to 149 mm Hg, diastolic pressure - from 60 mm Hg. up to 90 mmHg An increase in blood pressure is called arterial hypertension. Lowering blood pressure is called hypotension.
Education of the patient or his relatives: Consultative type of intervention in accordance with the above sequence of actions of the nurse.
HANDLING BEFORE AND AFTER ANY MANIPULATION No. 7/33
Purpose: To ensure the infectious safety of the patient and the medical staff, the prevention of nosocomial infections.
Indications:
Before and after performing the manipulation.
Before and after examining the patient.
Before eating.
After visiting the toilet.
After putting on and after removing gloves.
Contraindications: Not
Equipment:
Soap once.
Individual dry towel.
Gloves
Disinfectant: ethyl alcohol 70 degrees or other, proposed by the institution in accordance with regulatory documents (AHD - 2000, AHD - special, etc.).
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment:
Open the tap and adjust the water hood,
Wash the lambs of the tap.
Lather your hands with soap, starting at the wrist.
Wash your right palm with your left and then your left with your right.
Wash the interdigital spaces of the back of your left hand with your right hand and vice versa.
Make a lock of fingers with the palm side and rub them, washing the nail beds.
Rub each finger on your left hand in a circular motion, then on your right hand.
Rinse your hands with warm running water, starting at the wrist.
Close the tap.
Dry your hands with an individual or disposable towel, starting at your fingertips.
Discard used disposable towels.
Wear clean gloves if manipulation requires it.
Evaluation of the results achieved: Hands washed and ready for manipulation.
Notes.
Hands wash two soaping.
If it is necessary to carry out invasive procedures, the hands immediately after washing are treated with one of the disinfectants (70% ethyl alcohol, AHD 2000, AHD 2000 special) and wear gloves.
Education of the patient or his relatives: Consultative type of intervention in accordance with the above sequence of actions of a nurse.
PREPARATION OF WASHING AND DISINFECTING SOLUTIONS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION No. 8/35
Purpose: Prepare a 10% bleach solution.
Indications. For disinfection.
Contraindications: Allergic reaction to chlorine-containing drugs.
Equipment:
Rubber gloves.
Scales or measuring capacity.
Dry bleach 1 kg.
Enamelled container with lid.
Bottle of dark glass with ground glass stopper.
Wooden spatula.
Label.
Cold water -10 liters.
Gauze cloth or sieve.
Long surgical gown.
Rubber apron.
Respirator (or 8-layer mask).
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment:
Wear a second robe, oilcloth apron, rubber gloves, respirator or eight-layer mask.
Take 1 kilogram of dry bleach
Pour it carefully into an enamel container, chop it with a wooden spatula.
Stir everything and gently pour in cold water to a mark of 10 liters.
Cover and place for 24 hours (stir several times during this time) to highlight the active chlorine, you will get the mother liquor.
After 24 hours, pour the resulting solution through 4 layers of bandage (gauze) into a dark glass bottle labeled “10% bleach solution”.
Close the stopper.
Put on the label the date of preparation of the solution, its concentration, its position and surname.
Take off protective clothing.
Wash your hands with soap.
Evaluation of the results achieved. Prepared 10% bleach solution (clarified).
Note:
10% solution can be stored for 5-7 days in a dark place.
The solution must be kept out of the reach of the patient.
Preparation of working solutions of bleach:
0.5% - 500 ml of 10% bleach solution per 9.5 liters of water;
1% - 1 liter of 10% bleach solution to 9 liters of water;
2% - 2 liters of 10% bleach solution to 8 liters of water;
The formula for the preparation of bleach:
Y = (% number of liters). Y is the amount of bleached bleach solution.
Chloramine working solution (prepared before use)
1% -10 g of chloramine per 990 ml of water;
2% - 20 g of chloramine per 980 ml of water;
3% - 30 g of chloramine per 970 ml of water;
5% - 50 g of chloramine per 950 ml of water.
CONDUCTING A WET CLEANING OF A PREMISES ROOM WITH THE APPLICATION OF DISINFECTING SOLUTIONS № 10/37
Purpose: Conduct a general cleaning of the treatment room.
Indications: In accordance with the schedule (once a week).
Contraindications: Not.
Equipment:
Cleaning equipment (bucket, mop, rag, rags) with the appropriate marking.
Disinfectant and cleaning solution (prepared in accordance with applicable regulations on SED).
Bathrobe with the label "for cleaning".
Gloves.
Sequencing:
Wear a robe, gloves, a mask and wear comfortable shoes.
Prepare 10 liters of 0.5% detergent (50g CMC per 10 liters of water).
Prepare 10 L of 1% chloramine and add 40 ml of ammonia (to activate the chlorine).
Free the room as much as possible from the equipment.
Wash the walls, floor cleaning solution.
Wash the walls, floor, baseboards with a 1% solution of activated chloramine.
After an hour, wipe the walls and floor with a clean, dry cloth.
Add UV light for 2 hours.
Soak the cleaning equipment in a 1% solution of chloramine for 60 minutes (in the same bucket that was used for cleaning), rinse and dry.
Remove the robe, gloves, mask.
Wash your hands.
Score result: General cleaning carried out in accordance with the order number 408, 720. OST 42-21-2-85.
Notes:
Chambers are cleaned at least 2 times using a 0.5% solution, detergent.
Room cleaning canteen and dining is done after each distribution of food.
INSPECTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SANITARY TREATMENT WHEN IDENTIFYING PEDICULOSIS NO. 15/43
Purpose: Examine the patient's hairy parts and, if lice are detected, sanitize.
Indications: Prevention of nosocomial infections.
Contraindications:
Excitement of the patient.
Extremely serious condition of the patient.
Equipment: 3 styling.
Hair clipper.
Machine for shaving.
Spirit lamp
Bowl or baking tray.
Table vinegar 6% -9%.
2 bags (cotton and oilcloth).
For the nurse: dressing gown, gloves, kerchief.
For the patient: pelerine, 2 kerchiefs (cotton, polyethylene), oilcloth.
For treatment: karbofos 0.15% solution (1 ml of a 50% solution per 200 ml of H20) or other insecticides.
Toilet soap or shampoo.
Possible patient problems: Negative mood.
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment:
Inform the patient about the upcoming manipulation and its progress.
Examine the patient's hair.
Put on a second gown, kerchief, gloves when detecting lice in a patient.
Seat the patient in a chair or couch covered with oilcloth
Put the cape on the patient.
Treat the patient's hair with one of the disinfectants.
Coat the patient's hair with a plastic kerchief, and then plain for 20 minutes.
Wash patient's hair with warm water.
Rinse the patient's hair with a 6% -9% vinegar solution.
Comb the patient's hair with a frequent comb (above the pelvis or baking tray).
Rinse your hair with warm water and dry it.
Inspect the hair for the presence of nits (if single ones are found, then remove them mechanically, if there are a lot of them, then treat the hair with a 9% solution of vinegar and cover the hair with a scarf for 20 minutes), then repeat with 6 points.
Collect the patient's underwear in one bag, the nurse's lab coat in the other and send it to the disinsection chamber.
Remove the gloves and process them in accordance with the requirements of the sanitary epidemiological regime.
Wash your hands.
Mark the front page of the history of lice detected (P (+)) and record the epid. number.
Evaluation of the results achieved: On examination of the patient, pediculosis was detected, and sanitary treatment was performed.
Education of the patient or his relatives: Consultative type of intervention in accordance with the above sequence of actions of a nurse.
IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPLETE OR PARTIAL SANITARY TREATMENT OF PATIENT № 16/44
Purpose: Perform complete or partial sanitization of the patient.
Indications: As prescribed by a doctor.
Contraindications: The patient’s severe condition, etc.
Equipment:
Labeled containers for clean and dirty sponges.
Clean linen for the patient.
Towel.
Water thermometer.
Soap or shampoo.
CMC, 1% solution of chloramine.
Bags - 2 (x /, oilcloth).
Foot rest,
Temperature sheet.
The apron is oilcloth.
Gloves - 2 pairs.
Possible patient problems: The impossibility of self-service.
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment in preparing and conducting a hygienic bath to the patient:
Inform the patient about the upcoming manipulations and the progress of its execution.
Determine the temperature of the air in the bathroom (it should be at least 25 degrees Celsius).
Wear gloves and an apron.
Brush the bath with any detergent solution, then treat with 1% bleach solution. Rinse the bath with hot water.
Take off your gloves.
Fill the bath first with cold water and notice hot to 1/2 the volume of the bath. The water temperature should not be lower than 36- 37 degrees Celsius.
Help the patient to sit comfortably in the bath so that the patient does not slip off, put a support for the feet to rest,
Wear gloves.
Wash the patient: first with the head, then the trunk, upper and lower limbs, groin and perineum.
Help the patient get out of the bath.
Wipe the patient and dress.
Wash your hands.
Take the patient to the ward.
Make a mark in the history of the disease, temperature sheet.
The sequence of actions in the preparation and conduct of hygienic shower.
Inform the patient about the upcoming manipulation and its progress.
Wear gloves and an apron.
Treat the bath with disinfectants.
Take off your gloves.
Place a bench in the bathtub and seat the patient on it.
Wear gloves.
Help the patient to bathe in the following sequence: head, torso, upper and lower limbs, perineum.
Remove the gloves and process in accordance with the requirements of the sanitary epidemiological regime.
Wash your hands.
Help the patient dry off the towel and get dressed.
Make a mark in the sheet history of the disease, temperature sheet.
The sequence of actions when rubbing the patient (partial sanitization)
Inform the patient about the upcoming manipulation and its progress.
Enclose the patient with a cushion, wear gloves.
Put the oilcloth under the patient.
Using a “mitten” or a sponge dipped in water, wipe the patient's neck, chest, arms.
Wipe these parts of the body dry with a towel and cover it with a blanket.
Then wipe the abdomen, then the back and lower limbs and dry them and cover with a blanket.
Remove the oilcloth, crease, remove the gloves.
Treat the sponge, gloves, oilcloth in accordance with the requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological regime.
Evaluation of the results achieved. A partial or complete "sanitary treatment of the patient."
Education of the patient or his relatives: Consultative type of intervention in accordance with the above sequence of actions of a nurse.
Notes:
The method of sanitization is determined by the doctor.
The presence of a nurse during patient sanitization is mandatory.
Give first aid for a worsening condition and tell your doctor.
Control the temperature of the water by hand when pointing it at the patient.
REGISTRATION OF THE TITLE LIST OF "MEDICAL CARD" STATIONARY PATIENT № 17/45
Purpose: Collect information about the patient and arrange the title page of the educational and inpatient medical history.
Indications: For registration of the newly incoming patient in the hospital.
Equipment: Educational history of the disease, medical history of the hospital.
Possible patient problems: If it is impossible to collect information from the patient (deaf-and-dumb, in a coma, and so on) to collect information from the patient's documentation, the attendants and others are asked for a medical card from the clinic.
The sequence of actions of the nurse to ensure the safety of the environment:
Inform the patient about the need for a medical history.
Date and time of admission (for emergency patients up to a minute), number of medical history,
Full Name.
Year of birth.
Home address and telephone.
Who lives with or address and phone number of relatives.
Profession and place of work, work phone.
From where and by whom delivered, phone health facilities.
The diagnosis of the referring institution.
Where the patient is sent from the emergency department.
Does it have allergic reactions and to what.
Contact with other patients in life or elsewhere.
Is it possible to prevent the development of disease?
Unconventional recipes for colds and flu
How to replace meat from plant foods?
When pregnancy occurs after menstruation
Methods of treatment and manipulation in therapeutic and infectious hospitals