All names of hormonal pills. Features of contraception depending on the age of the woman

V modern society more and more girls and women prefer to take contraceptive pills, as this method of contraception has significant advantages over other methods of preventing unwanted pregnancies.

In the vastness of our homeland, the use of contraceptives in pills is not yet as popular as in the West. A in developed European countries, women have been practicing this for a long time.

More women are starting to use the contraceptive pill

For example, according to the latest surveys of women living in France, about 75-80% of them have tried or are regularly taking birth control pills.

At the beginning of the article we will provide a list of the most common contraceptive pills(names) and their approximate cost in Russia, and later on you can familiarize yourself in more detail with the features of the drugs, their composition, use, contraindications and other useful information on this topic.

List of contraceptive pills (names and approximate price)

Name of funds	Release form	Approximate price (rub.)
BELARA N21X3	Pills	1990
GYNEPRISTON 0.01 N1	Pills	580
LOGEST N21	Pills	820
MARVELON N21	Pills	1540
MERSILON N21	Pills	1570
MIDIANA 0.003 + 0.00003 N21	Pills	730
REGULON N21	Pills	470
RIGEVIDON 21 + 7 N28	Pills	360
TRI-REGOL N21X3	Pills	810
SILUE 0.002 + 0.00003 N21	Pills	800
THREE-MERSY N21	Pills	1010
FEMODEN N21	Pills	824
CHLOE N28	Pills	770
CHAROSETTA 75MKG N28X3	Pills	4000
EXLUTON 0.0005 N28	Pills	4000
YARINA N21	Pills	1160
Janine	Pills	800
Lindineth	Pills	350
MICROGINON	Pills	320
FEMOSTON	Pills	850
POSTINOR	Pills	300
ORGAMETRIL	Pills	1100
Miropristone	Pills	1550
Exinor-F	Pills	210

Types and effects on the body of contraceptives

There are a large number of hormones in the female body that influence and control activity reproductive system... That's why in different periods of life, the ratio of hormones is different.

The pills act on a hormonal level, and each category of women should take their own drugs.

Combined oral medications (COCs)

The drugs are based on 2 synthetic hormones: estrogen and progesterone. Any of the groups COC works on the principle of blocking ovulation... The reliability is extremely high thanks to progesterone. Estrogen controls menstruation, does not affect pregnancy.

Claira tablets

COC is subdivided into several groups. The classification is carried out according to the characteristics of women: age, having a child, problems with the balance of hormones.

Micro-dosage tablets. This group of contraceptives is intended for women who have not given birth but are active sex life... The side effects of the drugs are minimal. These contraceptive pills contain in their list such drugs as (abbreviated names): Klayra, Jace, Dimia.

Klayra's blisters contain several types of tablets, which must be taken strictly according to the instructions. With pills 2 hormones enter the body - estradiol valerate and dienogest... They suppress ovulation. Dienogest has a positive effect on a woman's appearance. The price of the drug is from 700 rubles.

James is a primary and secondary pill remedy. The main ones are 24, and the additional 4. The remedy suppresses ovulation... The cost is about 1 thousand rubles.

Dimia is analogous to James for the same cost. The active substances of the drug are different.

Low-dose birth control pills. Used by women who do not fit microdose tablets:

• the presence of discharge with blood;
• after the birth of a child;
• late reproductive period.

The group's drugs include: Yarina, Zhanin, Silhouette.

Yarina is taken for 21 days in the order indicated in the instructions. Yarina tablets cannot be combined with other drugs as this reduces reliability and causes bleeding. Costs from 950 rubles.

Janine is an expensive drug, the price starts from 1650 rubles, depending on the place of purchase. Produced in Germany.

the tablets contain substances that have a beneficial effect on the gastric mucosa and the woman's body as a whole.

High dosage tablets. As a contraceptive during the period of hormonal imbalance, it is recommended to take such contraceptive pills (list of abbreviations): Tri-regol, Trikvilar, Triziston.
Tri-Regol costs 200 rubles. There are cheap analogs.

Triziston is produced in Germany. The action of the drug is aimed at inhibiting the production of gonadotropic hormones... Price - from 500 rubles. Active substances begin to act on the body after 2 hours.

Note! Highly dosed drugs should only be taken as directed by your doctor!

Contraceptives with gestagen

Signs for use:

• lactation period;
• recent childbirth or late reproductive age;
• regular sex life;
• estrogen is contraindicated;
• smoking and age over 35 years.

Preparations with gestagen are called "mil-pili". The list of popular names for these contraceptive pills is as follows: Desogestrel, Desogestrel.

Hormone-free pills

There are no hormones in the drugs of this group, they are injected directly into the vagina. Non-hormonal pills are sometimes referred to as spermicides- candles, gels, creams.

Escapel tablets

The active substance is not hormonal drugs- benzalkonium chloride or nonoxynol. Their goal is to destroy the sperm membrane, which prevents pregnancy.

List of such contraceptives (names in abbreviated form): Gynecotex, Pharmatex, Postinor, Escapel.

The latest generation of contraceptives

Modern contraceptives of the new generation not only hormonally affect the reproductive system, but also create an aggressive environment for sperm.

The drug "Jess"

The scheme of action also has an abortive component, in which sperm are exposed to the active substance of the drug and die.

The less synthetic hormones in the preparation that affect the embryo implantation, the higher the abortive effect in the preparation.

Doses of the active substance fluctuate - if the drug contains a small amount of a substance that kills sperm, then a large amount of the hormone to act on the embryo.

An unwanted pregnancy is prevented in a stepwise manner - in 2 stages.

The new generation of contraceptive pills is represented by such drugs as (abbreviated list of names): Jess and Jess plus, Marvelon, Novaring, Depo-Check.

The correct use of contraceptives with hormones

The main rules for taking most drugs:

• daily intake;
• it is advisable to take the drug at the same time;
• reception lasts 21 or 28 days (depending on the specific drug);
• there is a pointer on the foil of the package, along which the pills are taken;
• 7 or 21 days later, there will be a reaction that resembles menstruation.

Features of taking drugs 21 days

Some birth control pills are taken for 21 days. They start drinking after the first day of the onset of menstruation.... After the end of the reception, a break of 7 days is made. Protection during this period is not required.

Birth control pills for 21 days are represented by the following list of names: Novinet, Yarina, Lindinet 20, Midiana, Rigevidon.

Contraceptive 28 days

Birth control pills that take 28 days are popular Jess remedies.

Before you start taking hormonal contraceptives, you should consult a gynecologist... This is due to the different amount of synthetic hormones in the preparations and the way in which they will affect the woman's body both when taken and subsequently.

Not all pills are suitable for all women.... Apart from this, there are certain risks that should be discussed with a qualified doctor.

Undesirable effects of drugs on the body and the prohibition of their use

You should carefully consider the possible side effects of taking a particular drug in order to avoid health complications.

Not all drugs can be taken by smokers

Most of the side effects from specialists include:

• lack of menstruation;
• depression, including a loss of attraction to men as sexual partners;
• vaginal discharge not during menstruation;
• headache and blurred vision;
• unstable blood pressure;
• change in body weight.

If the above signs are observed, then you need to immediately consult a doctor who prescribed the drug. He will conduct an examination and, if necessary, replace the drug.

You should know! Some side effects are observed only during the first 4 months of taking.

You should consult a doctor immediately if:

• poisoning;
• breathing problems;
• body pain;
• problems with speech or vision.

All drugs have contraindications to varying degrees:

• current pregnancy;
• liver problems;
• problems with the cardiovascular system;
• smoking;
• age over 35;
• diabetes;
• breast cancer;
• liver disease.

Emergency contraception and hormone-free drugs

Emergency contraception differs from interruption in that the first is done when you ovulate. That is at the moment of meeting of the sperm and the egg, they are affected special preparations .

Sometimes urgent contraception is required

Their purpose is to interfere with the meeting or prevent the fixation of the encountered zygote in the uterus. For such drugs to act only 6 days: 3 days the movement of the egg to the uterus and 3 days consolidation.

If time is lost, then come to resort to abortion early on.

Arguments FOR and AGAINST taking birth control pills

Any question has its positive and negative sides. It is the same with protection from unwanted pregnancy. Arguments FOR using birth control pills are as follows:

• almost one hundred percent efficiency;
• the ability to use in any age category;
• comfort during intercourse;
• stabilization of hormonal balance in a woman's body.

However, there is also arguments AGAINST using birth control pills:

• if there are contraindications or side effects, taking pills is prohibited;
• complications are possible after admission, up to the occurrence of oncological diseases;
• some vitamins are excreted from the body with tablets;
• the risk of glaucoma;
• the risk of genital diseases;
• the risk of hormonal disruption, weight and mood changes.

If we weigh the pros and cons, expert advice and women's opinions, it is worth noting that taking birth control pills on a regular basis is only recommended after childbirth... Since in this case, a possible negative effect on the female body and future pregnancy is excluded.

According to doctors and psychotherapists, termination of pregnancy is a serious step that a woman should only take in extreme circumstances.

It is easier to prevent unwanted fertilization of the egg by creating unacceptable conditions for sperm inside the vagina than to regularly take birth control pills with possible risk deterioration women's health.

And of course, regardless of age and health status, each representative of the beautiful half of humanity, be sure to consult a doctor before taking any medications, even if they are said to be safe.

This video will tell you about the dangers of birth control pills:

The following video will tell you about oral pills and how to take them:

You can learn about the effect of contraceptive pills in this video:

No. Hormonal drugs are drugs obtained synthetically. They act like natural hormones produced in our body. There are many organs in the human body that secrete hormones: female and male reproductive organs, endocrine glands, central nervous system and others. Accordingly, hormonal drugs can be different, and they are prescribed for a wide variety of diseases.

Female hormonal drugs (containing female sex hormones) may or may not have a contraceptive effect. Sometimes, on the contrary, they normalize hormones and promote pregnancy. Preparations containing male sex hormones are prescribed to men with a decrease in the quality of ejaculate (that is, sperm motility), with hypofunction, and a decrease in the level of male sex hormones.

Myth 2: Hormones are prescribed only for very serious illnesses.

No. There are a number of minor illnesses in which hormonal drugs are also prescribed. For example, decreased thyroid function (hypofunction). Doctors often prescribe hormones in this case, for example, thyroxine or eutirox.

Myth 3: If you do not take a hormonal pill in time, then nothing terrible will happen.

No. Hormonal drugs must be taken strictly by the hour. For example, the hormonal contraceptive pill works for 24 hours. Accordingly, it is imperative to drink it once a day. There are drugs that you need to drink 2 times a day. These are some male sex hormones, as well as corticosteroids (for example, dexamethasone). Moreover, it is recommended to take hormones at the same time of the day. If you drink hormones irregularly, or forget to drink altogether, the level of the necessary hormone can drop dramatically.

For example, if a woman forgot to take a hormonal contraceptive pill, the next day she should drink the forgotten evening pill in the morning, and another pill in the evening of the same day. If the interval between doses was more than a day (recall: the hormonal contraceptive pill works for 24 hours), then the level of hormones in the blood will decrease very much. In response to this, insignificant bloody issues... In such cases, you can continue to take the contraceptive pill, but additionally protect yourself for the next week. If more than 3 days have passed, it is necessary to stop taking hormones, use other means of contraception, wait for the onset of menstruation and additionally consult a doctor.

Myth 4: When hormones are taken, they build up in the body.

No. When the hormone enters the body, it immediately breaks down into chemical compounds, which are then excreted from the body. For example, the contraceptive pill breaks down and “leaves” the body within 24 hours: that's why you need to drink it every 24 hours.

Need to know: the mechanism of prolonged action of hormones is not associated with their accumulation in the body. This is simply the principle of action of these drugs: "work" through other structures of the body.

However, hormonal drugs continue to "work" after they have stopped taking. But they act indirectly. For example, a woman drinks hormonal pills for several months, then stops taking them, and in the future she has no problems with the cycle.

Why is this happening? Hormonal drugs act on different target organs. For example, female contraceptive pills affect the ovaries, uterus, mammary glands, and parts of the brain. When the pill is “gone” from the body, the mechanism that it triggered continues to work.

Myth 5: Hormones are not prescribed during pregnancy.

They write out. If a woman had hormonal disorders before pregnancy, then during gestation she needs drug support so that the production of female and male hormones is normal, and the child develops normally.

Or another situation. Before pregnancy, the woman was all right, but with her onset something suddenly went wrong. For example, she suddenly notices that intense hair growth has begun from the navel down and around the nipples. In this case, it is imperative to consult a doctor who can prescribe a hormonal examination, and, if necessary, prescribe hormones. Not necessarily female genital - it can be, for example, adrenal hormones.

Myth 6: Hormonal drugs have many side effects, primarily weight gain.

No drugs at all side effects almost never happens. But you need to distinguish between side effects that do not require discontinuation of the drug. For example, it is normal for the mammary glands to swell when taking birth control hormones. Scanty spotting in the first or second months of admission during the intermenstrual period also has the right to be. Headache, dizziness, fluctuations in weight (plus or minus 2 kg) - all this is not a pathology or a sign of a disease. Hormonal drugs are prescribed for a fairly long period. By the end of the first month, the body adapts, and everything returns to normal.

But, so that there are no really serious problems associated, say, with blood vessels, it is imperative to be examined and tested before prescribing the medication and during its administration. And only a doctor can prescribe you a specific hormonal drug that will not harm your health.

Myth 7: There is always an alternative to hormones.

Not always. There are situations when hormonal drugs are indispensable. Let's say a woman under 50 has had her ovaries removed. As a result, she very quickly begins to age and lose health. In this case, her body until 55-60 years old must be supported by hormone therapy. Of course, provided that her underlying disease (due to which the ovaries were removed) has no contraindications to this appointment.

Moreover, in some diseases, female sex hormones can be strictly recommended even by a neuropsychiatrist. For example, with depression.

For many of us, the term “ hormonal medications"Sounds threatening. In the concept of most people who are not related to medicine and pharmaceuticals, hormones are pills of monstrous power that bring a lot of the same monstrous side effects.

What are these fears based on? And if hormones are so bad, why are they so widely used? Let's try to figure out together what hormonal pills really are.

Classification

Hormonal medications contain hormones or substances that have properties similar to hormones (hormones). Hormones are produced in the human endocrine glands and are distributed with the bloodstream to various bodies and systems that regulate the vital functions of the body.

Hormonal drugs can be conditionally divided into hormone preparations:

• pituitary gland.
  These include chorionic gonadotropin and oxytocin, which is probably known to every woman;

• thyroid gland.
  These drugs are used to treat insufficient production of their own hormones (for example, with hypothyroidism) and opposite state- excess production of hormones;

• pancreas.
  The most famous means of this group are insulin preparations;

• parathyroid glands;

• adrenal cortex.
  This group includes glucocorticosteroids, which are widely used in many branches of medicine as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and analgesic drugs;

• sex hormones: estrogens, gestagens, androgens;

• anabolic agents.

What is treated with hormonal pills?

Despite the very wary attitude of patients towards hormonal drugs, we can safely say that these drugs are extremely necessary and important. Often only hormonal agents are able to provide a chronically ill person with a decent quality of life, and sometimes preserve life itself.

Therapy with hormonal pills is necessary for:

- oral contraception;

- hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women and in elderly men suffering from a lack of testosterone;

- treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases;

- treatment of hormonal deficiency.
These pathologies include hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Addison's disease and other diseases;

- treatment of many oncological diseases.

Oral contraception. Achievements of modern medicine

The first studies, which marked the beginning of the development of hormonal contraceptives, were carried out back in 1921. Ten years later, scientists have already accurately figured out the structure of steroid hormones and found that high doses sex hormones inhibit, that is, block ovulation.

First combined hormonal contraceptive released in 1960 by American pharmacists. It contained really high doses of hormones, and therefore had not only contraceptive, but also a lot of side effects.

Over time, the situation has changed dramatically. In the 90s of the last century, hormones were synthesized, which, along with high activity, have excellent tolerance. Therefore, modern women do not have to worry about the extra pounds gained as a result of taking hormonal contraceptive pills. This side effect is a thing of the past, along with the loading doses of the active ingredients contained in the first contraceptives.

The effectiveness of all contraceptives is assessed using the Pearl index, which determines the likelihood of pregnancy within one year with constant use of drugs. On average, the Pearl index of hormonal contraceptives ranges from 0.3% to 2-3%. The maximum value of this indicator reaches 8%.

If a woman is of average fertility and does not get pregnant from her husband's toothbrushes, the chance of pregnancy rarely exceeds 1%. Of course, provided that the tablets are used daily.

However, let's get back to the classifications. Modern hormonal contraceptives can be:

1.combined;

2. uncombined (mini-drank);

3.pills for emergency contraception.

Let's try to figure out how these groups differ.

1. Combined hormonal contraceptives: COC

Hidden behind the ridiculous abbreviation COC are very serious medicines, which are the most popular modern contraceptives. All COCs include two active substances - estrogen and progestogen. Ethinyl estradiol is used as estrogen, and levonorgestrel, norgestrel, desogestrel, and other synthetic hormones can act as a gestagen.

The dose of ethinyl estradiol in modern COCs is much lower than that of the first "killer" tablets. Because of this, the side effects of estrogen, such as weight gain, breast tenderness, and nausea, rarely develop when new drugs are taken.

Monophasic COCs have a constant dose of estrogen and progestin in each tablet. Despite the fact that during the menstrual cycle, the concentration of hormones in a woman's body is not constant, monophasic contraceptives are a strictly defined dose that is given daily.

Biphasic contraceptives contain two types of pills in one package. The main difference between the tablets of the second type is the increased content of progestogen, which is also characteristic of the physiological cycle.

However, three-phase COCs are traditionally considered the most adapted to the menstrual cycle. They include three groups of tablets. The concentration of active substances in each group approaches the content of estrogens and gestagens in a certain phase of the menstrual cycle. The first group of tablets imitates the follicular phase, which lasts 5 days, the second - the periovulatory phase, the duration of which is 6 days, and the last - luteal, the longest 10-day phase. At the same time, the concentration of estrogen in three-phase COCs, as well as in the menstrual cycle, is maximum, and the level of gestagen increases from the first phase to the third.

Pharmacology: how do hormonal birth control pills work?

The contraceptive effect of all hormonal contraceptive pills, regardless of composition and dosage, is based on blocking the release of hormones responsible for ovulation and implantation. The ovaries practically "fall asleep", decreasing in size. Ultimately hormone pills:

• suppress ovulation;
• change properties cervical mucus... As a result of this effect, the cervical canal becomes a real barrier for nimble sperm;
• change the state of the endometrium, as a result of which the "lining" of the inner surface of the uterus does not allow implantation of the egg, if fertilization does occur.

How to take hormonal birth control pills?

The answer to the question of how to take hormonal pills that prevent pregnancy can be expressed in one single word: regularly. Depending on the period for which the course is designed - 21 or 28 days - the tablets should be used once a day during the entire treatment period, and it is better at the same time.

An important question that worries most women taking COCs is what to do if the patient has forgotten to take the pill on time. First, don't panic. The situation is solvable and, in general, very commonplace.

Secondly, the missed pill must be taken immediately after memory recovery. The next pill is to be taken on schedule, even if you have to take two pills at the same time.

Thirdly, the period during which a woman forgot about the need to protect herself should be assessed. The following actions depend on the "statute of limitations".

If the delay is no more than 12 hours, you can calm down, - the effectiveness of contraception will remain the same, that is, close to 100%. If this period lasted more than 12 hours, you will have to use additional methods of protection, for example, barrier or spermicidal.

Monophasic COCs: efficiency and popularity

The most popular and common hormonal contraceptives are monophasic drugs. Many gynecologists believe that these drugs are the best hormonal pills for women under the age of 35, and patient reviews confirm this.

Monophasic contraceptives contain tablets of the same color. Despite the fact that a strict scheme for the use of tablets can be applied on the package (usually in turn order), this does not carry a special semantic meaning. And if you manage to drink at the very beginning of the cycle a pill intended for use, say, on day 25, absolutely nothing terrible will happen - after all, all pills have the same composition.

Most of the COCs that saturate the Russian pharmaceutical market are monophasic. The choice of drugs is so great that even experienced gynecologists sometimes hesitate before prescribing a drug to patients. Therefore, we will consider only those hormonal pills that can be classified as "new", modern means.

The German drug Logest, which is produced by the well-known company SCHERING, S.A, contains 20 mcg of ethinylestradiol and 75 mcg of gestodene. The product is available in packs of 21 tablets. Logest is an excellent preparation for young women.

Lindineth

Hormonal pills Lindinet 20 is a complete analogue of the German Logest. The drugs have the same composition, and the only difference can be considered the color - Lindinet's tablets have a pale yellow shell. Lindinet's manufacturer is the Hungarian company GEDEON RICHTER.

Lindinet 30 differs from its counterpart only in the dosage of estrogen (30 mcg).

SCHERING Janine hormone tablets contain 30 μg ethinylestradiol and 2 mg gestagen (dienogest). The Pearl index with regular intake of Jeanine does not exceed 1%.

The main difference between Zhanin and other COCs is the antiandrogenic activity that dienogest possesses. Therefore, Janine is prescribed to patients with increased level male sex hormones. In addition, the hypocholysterolemic effect of dienogest has been proven to reduce blood cholesterol levels.

The German drug Yarina is one of the most popular monophasic hormonal contraceptives in pills. The medicine contains 30 mcg of ethinylestradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone.

The properties of Yarina and Zhanin are very similar. Yarina helps to reduce lipoprotein levels high density and has an antiandrogenic effect. Thanks to this quality, Yarina is also considered a remedy for acne: hormonal tablets are prescribed as part of complex acne therapy. The drug helps to reduce the production of sebum and reduce the manifestations of the disease.

Diane-35, which is produced by SCHERING, is one of the very famous hormonal contraceptives in pills. The drug contains 35 μg of ethinylestradiol and 2 mg of the antiandrogenic gestagen cyproterone acetate.

Diane has a pronounced antiandrogenic activity, which makes it possible to prescribe it for the treatment of acne and seborrhea. In addition, Diane-35 is the drug of choice for contraception for women who have mild manifestations of hirsutism - excessive hair growth.

Among the pills with antiandrogenic activity, the popular hormonal contraceptive Jess occupies a special place. It contains 20 mcg ethinylestradiol and 3 mg drospirenone. Gestagen, which is part of Jess, neutralizes the side effects of estrogen. In this regard, the remedy is very well tolerated, and edema and weight gain are practically excluded.

In addition, drospirenone softens the manifestations premenstrual syndrome, including a pronounced one. To all the positive properties of Jess, you can add a beneficial effect on cholesterol levels, which is manifested in an increase in the concentration of high density lipoproteins (HDL). But it is HDL that removes excess cholesterol from the body.

Among the COCs containing drospirenone is also the Hungarian hormone tablets Midiana. They differ from Jess only in the higher content of ethinyl estradiol, the dose of which is 30 mcg.

Among low-dose COCs, hormonal tablets Rigevidon, Femoden, Novinet, Minisiston, Mikroginon, Regulon should also be noted.

This list of monophasic contraceptives registered in Russia is far from being exhausted. However, they are used much less often, so we will immediately move on to the next categories of COCs.

Table "Monophasic COCs":

Drugs	Manufacturer, country	Composition
Logest, analogue - Lindinet 20		Ethinylestradiol 20 mcg Gestodene 75 mcg
Femoden, analogue - Lindinet 30	Schering, Germany (Gedeon Richter, Hungary)	Ethinylestradiol 30 mcg Gestodene 75 mcg
Minisiston	Jenapharm, Germany	Ethinylestradiol 30 mcg Levonorgestrel 125 mcg
Mersilon, analogue - Novinet		Ethinylestradiol 20 mcg Desogestrel 150 mcg
Microginon	Schering, Germany	Ethinylestradiol 30 mcg Levonorgestrel 150 mcg
Marvelon, analogue - Regulon	Organon, Netherlands (Gedeon Richter, Hungary)	Ethinylestradiol 30 mcg Desogestrel 150 mcg
Silest	Silag, Belgium-Switzerland	Ethinylestradiol 35 mcg Norgestimate 250 mcg
Diane-35	Schering, Germany	Ethinylestradiol 35 μg Cyproterone acetate 2 mg
Janine, analogue -Silhouette	Schering, Germany (Gedeon Richter, Hungary)	Ethinylestradiol 30 μg Dienogest 2 mg
Regividone	Gedeon Richter, Hungary	Ethinylestradio 30 mcg Levonorgestrel 150 mcg
Jess, analogue -Dimia	Bayer, Germany (Gedeon Richter, Hungary)	Ethinylestradiol 20 μg Drospirenone 3 mg
Yarina	Schering, Germany	Ethinylestradiol 30mkg Drospirenone 2mg
Midiana	Gedeon Richter, Hungary	Ethiniestradio 30 mcg Drospirenone 3 mg

Two-phase and three-phase KOK: time-tested

As we said, two- and three-phase hormonal contraceptives work more physiologically. Most often, however, doctors prefer to use the first group of drugs. What caused this?

The fact is that changes in the concentration of hormones are associated with an inevitable increase in the dose of active substances. As a result, the side effects of biphasic and triphasic drugs are more pronounced than low-dose monophasic drugs.

Biphasic COCs are rarely used drugs. Among them there are means, the names of which are often unusual even for a pharmacist, not to mention patients - Anteovin, Nouvelle, Orfo-Novum, Bi-Novum.

Three-phase contraceptives are better known and more popular. However, the disadvantages in the form of standard side effects are no less pronounced in them than in biphasic drugs. Three-phase COCs are easy to "calculate" by the name, which usually starts with "three": Triziston, Triquilar, Tri-merci, Tri-regol, Trister.

Tablets of two- and three-phase hormonal contraceptives are colored in different colors, depending on the composition: in two-phase preparations - in two colors, and in three-phase preparations - in three colors. You need to take such medications strictly according to the scheme. Usually, the COC currency is replete with various arrows and other bright marks designed to help a woman understand the peculiarities of using multi-colored pills. After all, if you accidentally confuse the color of the pills, contraceptive effect decreases.

Useful contraceptives? Benefits of COC

Oral contraceptives are designed not only to have a direct, contraceptive effect. They have a lot of others, often no less important indications, among which:

- treatment of menstrual irregularities and PMS.
The use of COCs helps to normalize the cycle, reduce blood loss during menstruation, as well as reduce premenstrual syndrome;

- treatment of acne, seborrhea and acne.
The complex therapy of dermatological diseases in women often includes COCs with an antiandrogenic effect. Hormonal pills significantly reduce the synthesis of sebum, helping to reduce the appearance of acne. In patients with seborrhea who take COCs, the sebum level normalizes and hair loss is noticeably reduced;

- prevention of benign diseases of the breast and pelvic organs.
COCs suppress ovarian stimulation by follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones. Therefore, regular use of hormonal birth control pills significantly reduces the risk of the formation of functional cysts and benign nodules in the mammary glands;

- prevention of ovarian cancer and endometrial carcinoma.
With regular use of oral contraceptives, the risk of ovarian cancer is reduced by as much as 40%. This protection lasts even 15 years after the end of the hormonal pill. The longer you take COCs, the longer the anti-cancer effects appear.

And that is not all. The likelihood of developing endometrial adenocarcinoma (uterine cancer) in women who have been treated with hormonal birth control pills is reduced by 50%. The protective effect persists for 15 years after the discontinuation of COCs.

Negative sides of combined hormones

We are being disingenuous if we say that COCs are extremely healthy drugs. In the course of treatment with hormonal contraceptive pills, sometimes adverse effects cannot be avoided. TO negative sides COCs include:

- the likelihood of developing side effects, including nausea, breakthrough bleeding, increased sensitivity and breast enlargement. However, some ladies use hormonal pills just to increase the bust, so sometimes this effect can be attributed to positive qualities COOK;

- the need for regular daily use;

- the likelihood of a delay in ovulatory cycles after discontinuation of COCs.

When are hormonal contraceptives banned?

There are several conditions in which the use of any contraceptive hormonal pill is excluded. These pathologies include:

• cardiovascular diseases;
• deep vein thrombosis;
• diabetes mellitus with vascular complications;
• oncological diseases;
• abnormal vaginal bleeding;
• liver disease;
• age over 35;
• smoking.

Preparations containing drospirenone - Jess, Angelique and others - are also contraindicated in patients with diseases of the kidneys, adrenal glands or liver. This is due to the fact that drospirenone has antimineralocorticoid effect.

Hormonal contraceptives and venous insufficiency: incompatibility # 1

Many women know that hormone pills are not recommended for varicose veins veins and are categorically contraindicated in thrombophlebitis. But the answer to the question, what is the reason for such a prohibition, is unknown to most patients.

It turns out that the unchanged component of all hormonal birth control pills - estrogen - activates the mechanism of blood clotting, as a result of which increases the risk of blood clots. It is known that modern drugs with low estrogen levels are associated with a low risk of thromboembolism, while high-dose hormonal pills are not.

In addition, the likelihood of blood clots is significantly increased in smoking women, patients with high cholesterol blood, severe diabetes mellitus, hypertension or obesity.

2. Mini-drinks: special hormonal contraceptives

Under the affectionate and usually not very clear name "mini-pili" are hormonal contraceptive pills containing only one component - gestagen. Moreover, the dose of the active ingredient in mini-pills is really minimal.

Mini-pili hormonal tablets can be prescribed to patients over 35 years old, including those after 40, as well as to women suffering from diabetes mellitus... Even breastfeeding is not an obstacle to the use of these drugs. However, mini-pills have a lower Pearl index compared to COCs. In addition, drugs in this group can cause intermenstrual bleeding, cysts in the ovaries, and even ectopic pregnancy.

Note that the contraceptive effect of mini-pills is reduced if taken in different time days. This disadvantage often completely tilts the balance in the direction of combined hormonal pills.

Among the mini-drank we will name several drugs registered in Russia: Norgestrel, Levonorgestrel, Linestrenol.

3. Urgent contraception: when you can't wait

Hormones for emergency contraception are like emergency pills in case of unforeseen circumstances. Hastened, forgotten, torn, did not find, and other verbs in the past tense can briefly describe the standard reasons why women begin to rush in search of miraculous remedies for all problems.

And, of course, there are such drugs. They contain high doses of hormones that either prevent ovulation if the trouble happened in the first half of the cycle, or change the state of the endometrium, if fertilization does occur.

The most famous emergency contraceptives include Postinor, Microlut and Escapel. These pills should be used as rarely as possible - after all, the hormonal surge that occurs after taking the drugs is akin to a stroke. And no organism will survive if it is beaten with high doses of hormones on a regular basis.

Down with amateur performances!

All hormonal contraceptives, including pills, are exclusively prescription drugs. And this is no coincidence. After all, an incorrectly selected medicine can easily cause menstrual irregularities and other gynecological troubles.

Therefore, if you decide to take a hormonal agent, the first person who should know about it is the obstetrician-gynecologist. Remember: the right to choose a hormonal contraceptive should not be given to a neighbor, not to a friend in the forum, and not even to a pharmacist, but to a doctor.

Menopause: if estrogen is low

Unfortunately, menopause brings mass with it clinical symptoms that are hard to miss. The classic symptoms of menopause are characterized by irregular or no menstrual periods. In 60% of women, a sharp drop in estrogen levels leads to vascular disorders, which are manifested by hot flashes, sweating and increased heart rate.

Another, no less striking symptomatology is also possible. After all, it is estrogens that provide sufficient moisture to the vagina and regulate urination. Until the woman's body adapts to the new hormonal background, it is inevitable and neurological manifestations menopause: depression, insomnia, mood swings.

An extremely dangerous consequence of the onset of menopause is a catastrophic decrease in bone mass. As a result, a disease associated with fragility of bones develops - osteoporosis.

If you do not take any action, these manifestations can poison a woman's life for many years. However, the body can be "fooled" if such necessary estrogens are injected from the outside. And this can be done with the help of hormonal pills, which for some reason are so afraid of some patients. Is it worth the candle? Let's figure it out together.

Add estrogen: hormonal pills

Hormone pills used during menopause may contain:

• estrogen only;
• a combination of estrogen and progesterone;
• a combination of estrogen, progesterone, and androgen.

The most popular are estrogen preparations. Hormone pills are taken continuously, that is, daily, or in cycles of several weeks.

In most cases, these medicines contain what is called conjugated estrogen, which is obtained from mare urine. Among them we note Estrofeminal, Premarin and Gormopleks. All of these drugs are used cyclically for 21 days, followed by a weekly break.

Two-phase remedies

These pills are composed of two components - estrogen and gestagen.

Divina- a drug produced by the Finnish company Orion. The first group of tablets contains only estradiol at a dose of 2 mg, and the second - a combination of 2 mg estradiol valeriate and 10 mg gestagen (medroxyprogesterone).

Klimonorm- German medicine of the Bayer corporation. The main difference from Divina lies in gestagen: 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel is used as a progesterone-containing component in Klimonorm.

Klymene contains the same 2 mg of estradiol and 1 mg of cyproterone (gestagen).

In addition, other hormone replacement pills are equally popular among Russian gynecologists, including Cyclo-proginova, Femoston, Divitren, Angelik.

Three Phase Hormone Pills

These drugs are designed for continuous use and include three groups of pills: the first and third contain estrogens, the latter in a lower dose, and the second group includes a combination of estrogen and gestagen.

There are only two three-phase drugs registered in Russia - Trisiquens and Trisiquens forte.

Hormone replacement pills: contraindications and side effects

Hormone therapy during menopause is contraindicated in breast or endometrial cancer, serious illnesses liver, thrombophlebitis, endometriosis, myoma.

Side effects of hormone therapy include mood swings, breast engorgement, and intermenstrual bleeding.

And the last thing. Before prescribing hormone replacement pills, a thorough examination of the woman is carried out, which includes general analysis urine analysis, blood sugar and lipid profile analysis, pelvic ultrasound, ECG, cytological examination of cervical scrapings and mammography. And if substitution therapy is not contraindicated, the benefits greatly outweigh the risks.

Hormones to treat inflammation: why are glucocorticoids needed?

A separate group of hormonal pills are glucocorticosteroids (GC). They have three properties at the same time: anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and pain relieving. This unique triad is the basis for wide application glucocorticoids in almost all areas of medicine.

Synthetic hormone pills containing HA are constantly taken when autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

It is impossible to do without hormonal tablets containing HA in the treatment of allergic diseases, including bronchial asthma. Glucocorticoids are able to reduce the inflammatory response and counteract the activity of immune cells that are involved in the pathological process. Most often, HA is administered by inhalation, but in some severe cases, hormonal drugs are used in tablets and ampoules.

Glucocorticoids are certainly included in the treatment of cancer. Their main purpose is to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy. In addition, hormone pills can help destroy cancer cells in lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.

Glucocorticoids in tablets

Most often, several tableted glucocorticoids are used.

The drug effectively reduces inflammation by suppressing the function of leukocytes. Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory effect of Dexamethasone is 30 times higher than that of another HA, hydrocortisone.

Dexamethasone tablets are indicated for the hormonal treatment of Addison's disease, hypothyroidism, bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, eczema, malignant tumors in advanced stages.

The dosage of Dexamethasone is selected individually.

The drug is an analogue of hydrocortisone. Prednisolone is able to affect all stages inflammatory process and have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.

There are really many indications for the use of Prednisolone tablets - hormonal treatment is prescribed for systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, joint diseases, bronchial asthma, oncological diseases, adrenal insufficiency, allergies, autoimmune pathologies and many others.

The drug produced by the Polish plant Polfa contains triamcinolone GC in a dose of 4 mg. The main indications of Polcortolone include diseases of the joints, allergic pathologies that are difficult to treat, rheumatic, dermatological, hematological, oncological and other diseases.

Side effects of glucocorticoids

GCs have truly unique qualities. Therefore, glucocorticoids could be called healing drugs, if not for the side effects. Because of a large number adverse events long-term use of these agents can even be dangerous due to treatment.

We list the most common side effects of hormonal tablets of the glucocorticoid group:

• decreased immunity;
• increased blood sugar levels. With long-term treatment of HA, the development of diabetes mellitus is possible;
• decreased absorption of calcium, which can lead to osteoporosis - dangerous disease bone tissue;
• amyotrophy;
• an increase in the level of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood;
• mood changes, depression, memory impairment, in severe cases - psychosis;
• gastritis and peptic ulcer;
• violation of the menstrual cycle, decreased libido;
• slow wound healing;
• weight gain.

Another extremely unpleasant side of corticosteroids is withdrawal syndrome: after stopping the long-term use of hormonal pills, there is a possibility of pronounced side effects. To avoid such a development of events, medications must be canceled gradually, gradually reducing the dose over a period of time.

Hormonal insufficiency: when you can't do without pills?

The most common pathologies that require constant intake of hormonal drugs are thyroid diseases.

Insufficient thyroid gland - hypothyroidism is a common condition in which the production of hormones decreases. Treatment is based primarily on compensating for the lack of hormones. For this, hormonal tablets are prescribed, which include sodium levothyroxine.

Levothyroxine sodium is a levorotatory isomer of thyroxine. It is a synthetic analogue of the thyroid hormone. Thyroxine is a first-line drug for hypothyroidism, euthyroid goiter, and after removal or resection of the thyroid gland.

Despite the fact that thyroxine is a hormonal drug, there are practically no side effects when the correct dosage is prescribed according to the indications.

Hormones in oncology: when drugs save lives

Hormone therapy in oncology, along with chemotherapy, is one of the main medication cancer treatment. Hormone treatment is used for several types of hormone-sensitive tumors, including the breast, prostate, endometrium (cancer of the uterus), and the adrenal cortex.

Most drugs that are used to treat hormone-dependent tumors inhibit, that is, block the release of hormones. These drugs include one of the most famous drugs for the treatment of breast cancer - Tamoxifen.

Many drugs can reduce the production of other hormones that are responsible for the growth of malignant tumors. Often, hormonal treatment is almost the only way to fight the tumor and prolong the patient's life.

Hormonal pills are a whole pharmaceutical world in which there is a place for both effectiveness and uniqueness and side effects. And untie this tangled tangle complex concepts, indications and contraindications can only be doctors. Then a properly prescribed remedy turns out to be the right path to a fulfilling life.

Hormonal pills are a group of medicines containing hormones or their synthetic analogues. With their help, hormone therapy is carried out.

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Classification principles

In medicine, hormonal drugs are classified as follows:

• preparations of natural hormones (made from the glands of livestock, blood and urine of animals, humans);
• synthetic medicines;
• derivatives of hormonal substances.

Synthetic analogs differ in their structure from natural hormones, but have a similar physiological effect. In the human body, hormones are produced to control vital functions.

Each gland produces certain substances:

• the pituitary gland produces gonadotropin, oxytocin;
• pancreas - insulin;
• adrenal glands - glucocorticosteroids (strong anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, analgesic substances), sex hormones, anabolic steroids.

There is a false opinion about the harmfulness of hormonal drugs. Doctors say that the drugs of this pharmacological group are an important and necessary addition to complex therapy. Often, medicines provide a decent quality of life for severe patients (with chronic pathologies). In some cases, hormonal pills can save the patient's life.

Hormones are prescribed in the following cases:

• contraception;
• replacement therapy for menopause;
• fighting testosterone deficiency;
• treatment of inflammation, allergies;
• the fight against hormonal deficiency in hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Addison's disease;
• oncology therapy.



Oral contraception

This type of therapy is considered the most common way to use hormone pills. Scientists have proven that high doses of sex hormones inhibit the ovulation process. This releases toxins. Then scientists synthesized hormones (substances with high efficiency and excellent portability). The resulting product is reliable protection against pregnancy without harming the figure. Extra pounds do not bother, there is no shock concentration of the substance.

The effectiveness of all contraceptives is assessed by the Pearl index (determines the likelihood of pregnancy during the year with regular use of medications). On average, the value of the indicator is up to 3%. Usually, with regular use of contraceptives, the likelihood of pregnancy rarely exceeds 1%.

Doctors distinguish between the following groups of hormonal pills:

1. 1. Combined.
2. 2. Non-combined (mini-drank).
3. 3. Female emergency contraception.



Combined medicines

Combined drugs (COCs) are effective means of preventing pregnancy. They contain 2 main components: estrogen and gestagen. Ethinyl estradiol acts as estrogen, and levonorgestrel, norgestrel, and other synthetic hormones act as a gestagen. The concentration of hormones is minimal, which ensures their safety. When used, undesirable reactions rarely occur: excess weight, breast tenderness, anorexia.



Monophasic medicines include a constant concentration of hormones in all tablets. Despite the cyclical hormonal changes in the body, monophasic drugs are a strict dose of the hormone that is given daily. Doctors believe that these drugs are - the best choice for active women under 35 years old. Logest - name effective drug of this group.

Logest is a German-made hormonal drug. Contains 20 mcg ethinylestradiol and 75 mcg gestodene. Ideal for young women as it is easy to use and carry.

Lindinet is a complete analogue of Logest. It differs in its dosage (it contains 30 mcg of estrogen). It is a Hungarian drug with excellent tolerance. Janine is a hormonal drug consisting of ethinyl estradiol and gestagen. Pearl index when using the medication - 1%. It has some difference from other drugs: it has an active androgenic activity (thanks to dienogest). Therefore, the medication is primarily prescribed with an increased content of male sex hormones. New studies have proven that the drug has a strong cholesterol-lowering effect.



Effective drugs

Yarina is considered the most popular contraceptive in tablets. This German product contains ethinylestradiol (30mcg) and drospirenone (3mg). The tool reduces the concentration of cholesterol, has an antiadrogenic effect. Yarina - wonderful remedy from teenage acne, it is often prescribed for acne due to its ability to slow down the production of sebum and reduce the signs of the disease.

Diane-35 has a pronounced antiandrogenic effect, therefore it is widely used to combat acne and seborrhea. In addition, the drug is recommended to be used for contraception for women with signs of hirsutism (excessive hair growth).



Jess is an effective agent with antiandrogenic activity. Due to gestagens, all the side effects of the drug are leveled. Therefore, the drug is well tolerated. Jess softens the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome by beneficially affecting cholesterol levels. Low-dose COCs include Rigeviron, Femoden, Novinet, Miniziston, Regulon.

Biphasic medicines

Biphasic drugs are complex hormonal pills, the main difference of which is more high concentration gestagen. In this way, they support the physiological cycle in the female body.

Three-phase COCs are presented in the form of groups of tablets. The concentration of estrogen is maximum, and the content of progestogen increases from phase 1 to 3. These drugs are more modern and have a physiological effect. Experts advise buying monophasic contraceptives. With a change in the concentration of hormones, the dose of active substances increases. This most often provokes the appearance of side effects (especially in biphasic ones). Representatives of biphasic drugs: Anteovin, Bi-Novum. Three-phase drugs are represented by such medicines as Triziston, Tri-regol, Trister.



The main action is to prevent the onset of unwanted pregnancy. This action, regardless of the composition and dosage of the medication, is based on blocking the sex hormones responsible for ovulatory functions. The ovaries go into "sleep mode" and decrease in size. In a similar way, ovulation is suppressed, the properties of cervical mucus change.

For the maximum effect and protection against pregnancy, it is important to use the drugs regularly throughout the entire course of therapy (21 or 28 days). They are taken once a day. What to do when the next pill is missed? It must be drunk as soon as you remember this. Further, the drug is taken according to the old scheme, even if you have to take 2 tablets.

For effective and reliable protection, it is important to assess the length of the period during which the drugs have not been used. Being late up to 12 hours does not require any additional action - protection against pregnancy remains close to 100%. Longer absence of contraception requires use additional protection(barrier, spermicidal contraception).



Pros and cons of using COCs

The medications in question have the following advantages:

• fight against menstrual irregularities, PMS (normalize the cycle, reduce blood loss, minimize the signs of PMS);
• treatment of acne, seborrhea, acne pathology (for this, COCs with antiandrogenic effects are used);
• prevention of benign breast formations;
• prevention of the development of ovarian cancer, endometrial carcinoma (protection against pathologies lasts up to 15 years after the abolition of COCs).

Negative effects of taking combined hormonal agents:

• the likelihood of developing side effects;
• the need for daily use.



Contraindications to the use of combined drugs:

• deep vein thrombotic ailments;
• diabetes;
• oncology;
• vaginal bleeding;
• liver disease;
• age after 35 years;
• alcohol abuse;
• drug use;
• many drugs are strictly forbidden to use in case of damage to the kidneys, adrenal glands.

What are mini-pills?

By "mini-pills" we mean contraceptives with one component - gestagen. The dose of the substance is minimal. Similar medications are prescribed to people over 35 years old, women with a history of diabetes mellitus. Breastfeeding is not a contraindication to their use.



But mini-saws have a lower Pearl index. The use of such drugs provokes intermenstrual bleeding, the occurrence of ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy. Contraceptive action mini-drank drops significantly if consumed at different times. The most common members of the group are Linestrenol and Levonorgestrel.

Urgent contraception means Ambulance in unforeseen situations. They contain high doses of hormones. Known emergency contraceptives:

• Postinor;
• Escapel.



Menopause period

Menopause is another reason to use hormones. During this period, the following symptoms appear:

• irregular periods;
• hot flashes;
• sweating;
• tachycardia;
• dryness of the vagina;
• osteoporosis.



The reason for such a bright clinic of the disease is estrogen deficiency. But the body can be successfully deceived by using estrogens. Medicines with a contraceptive effect are ideal.

For this purpose, use:

• pure estrogen medicines;
• estrogen-progesterone drugs;
• estrogen-progesterone-androgen combinations.

Most often, drugs of the first group are prescribed. They contain a conjugated hormone of animal origin (from mare urine). The most popular drugs: Estrofeminal, Premarin, Hormoplex. They should be taken daily at the same time of day for 3 weeks, then a week off.

Representatives of complex biphasic drugs:

1. 1. Divina is a Finnish remedy containing estradiol and gestagen.
2. 2. Klimonorm is a German drug from Bayer. Contains estradiol and levonorgestrel.
3. 3. Klymene includes estradiol and cyproterone.



Three-phase drugs are used constantly (Trisikvens, Trisikvens forte.)

Substitution therapy: contraindications

There are conditions in which hormone therapy is strictly prohibited:

• breast cancer;
• endometrial oncology;
• liver damage;
• uterine fibroids.



Side effects:

• mood swings;
• intermenstrual bleeding.

Before prescribing such therapy, carry out full examination patients. Hormone treatments are the primary way to fight cancer. A similar therapy is used to combat hormone-sensitive tumors. Hormones inhibit the growth of cancer cells, making patients feel better.

Our life is filled with hormones of happiness, pleasure, stress, fear. They are the ones that cause these emotions. Hormones help us in various situations and rule our body in the most literal sense. For a long time, people have learned to use them in medicine for various pathologies and decreased activity of the endocrine glands. Only many are wary of taking such funds. Let's understand what hormonal drugs are and what they are used for.

Hormonal drugs- medicines containing hormones or their artificial substitutes. They can include:

• natural hormones that are secreted from the endocrine glands of slaughter cattle, blood and urine of animals and humans;
• artificial hormonal agents and their derivatives;
• chemical analogs of hormones, differing in structure from natural hormones, but endowed with similar properties.

Hormone therapy is essential for:

• prevention of unwanted pregnancy;
• women during menopause;
• treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases;
• treatment of hormonal insufficiency and oncological diseases;

There are a lot of hormonal preparations in the world. Consider hormonal contraceptives and women's health that are widely used in gynecology. A complete list of titles and prices can be seen at the end of the article.

Hormonal contraceptives are:

• combined (estrogen-gestagenic);
• uncombined (mini-drank);
• emergency drugs.

Combined oral contraceptives

This group of drugs is used in gynecology to protect against unwanted pregnancy and to treat a number of hormonal problems, contains 2 types of hormones - estrogen and progesterone. Often found as an abbreviation for COC. The effectiveness of protection is determined by the Pearl index - the lower the number, the more reliable the method. The index is less than 1.

The advantages are determined by high efficacy, excellent tolerance, rapid reversibility (pregnancy can occur in the first cycle after drug withdrawal) and additional non-contraceptive properties.

Depending on the dose, hormones are divided into: monophasic and multiphase.

Monophasic oral contraceptives

The concentration of hormones in the tablets does not change during the entire time of administration. The contraceptive effect is associated with ethinyl estradiol, the dosage of which is selected purposefully to suppress ovulation.

It is important to remember that these drugs can only be prescribed by a doctor! Self-medication can lead to hormonal disruption and other unpleasant consequences.

• Jess (Dimia)

These popular hormonal pills for women contain drospirenone, which stops weight gain and the appearance of edema, removes PMS symptoms, hormonal engorgement of the mammary glands, headache and muscle pain. It also helps to reduce the symptoms of acne, oily skin and hair. Dimia is an analogue of Jes, only it costs an order of magnitude cheaper.

• Belara

The hormonal drug has a positive effect on the restoration of the cycle, reducing the severity of PMS, the incidence of anemia, pain during menstruation, cysts and malignant formations of the ovaries. It has a direct effect on the condition of the skin, therefore it is often prescribed for girls to improve it.

• Lindinet 20 (Logest)

When taken systematically, they have a therapeutic effect, normalizing the hormonal state and preventing the development of a number of gynecological diseases, including reducing the risk of neoplasms.

• Novinet (Mersilon)

Excellent hormonal agents. Provide additional positive effects: menstruation becomes leaner and less painful, the occurrence of anemia is reduced, diseases of the uterus, ovaries, mammary glands develop less often, have a beneficial effect on the skin, removes acne and acne. Usually assigned to young girls.

Contraceptive packaging may contain different amount tablets. It depends on the reception scheme. They are of two types: 21 + 7 and 24 + 4. There is no fundamental difference.

First scheme: For 21 days, active pills are taken without a break, then a 7-day rest is made, during which withdrawal bleeding begins, then a new pack begins.

The second diagram is a set of 24 active tablets and 4 inactive pacifiers, which you can not accept, they are needed for convenience, so as not to forget when the next pack should start. Although sometimes "dummies" are not dummies at all. In some drugs ( Yarina Plus and Jess Plus) the inactive tablets contain levomefolate - the active form folic acid, in this form, it is better absorbed by the body. This is done to reduce the risk of developing fetal neural tube defects if a woman wants to become pregnant immediately after discontinuation of the drug.

Multiphasic oral contraceptives

Due to the phase monthly cycle, the dosage of hormones in the pills changes, this ensures natural changes hormonal background and reduces the risk of side effects. Contraceptive packages of this group contain 2-3 types of pills. The dose of estrogen, which is responsible for the contraceptive effect, is maximum in each pill, and the progestogen level increases gradually, creating a limit by the 3rd phase of the cycle.

• The brightest and most modern representative - Claira.

In addition to the contraceptive effect, it helps to reduce the abundance and duration of menstruation, reduces the manifestations of PMS symptoms, and also relieves pain during critical days... Taking contraceptives with low dosages of hormones helps to reduce the possibility of developing a number of gynecological diseases, and also reduces the manifestations of hypertrichosis - excess growth hair. These hormonal pills for women are considered the most physiological.

Non-combined OK

The second name of the group is "mini-drank". They contain a small dosage of the hormone progestin and are a substitute for COCs. They differ from them in their composition - they include an artificial analogue of progesterone. The content of hormones is lower than in other preparations. They do not inhibit the ovulation process.

The contraceptive effect is based on a change in the properties of the mucus lining the cervix. By increasing the viscosity, it becomes a barrier to the movement of the sperm to the egg. Wall contraction rate fallopian tubes slows down, due to which the egg cannot enter the uterus. If the sperm nevertheless reaches the target, then 2 defense mechanism: hormonal changes in the mucous membrane of the walls of the uterus do not allow the fertilized egg to attach.

The effectiveness of these funds is 95%

The main advantage of hormonal pills of this group is that the natural menstrual cycle and menstrual bleeding.

A significant drawback is that the tablets must not be missed. If in the case of COCs, the pass can be more than 12 hours and nothing terrible will happen, then here this interval is only 3 hours, after which hormonal therapy is disrupted, i.e. the contraceptive effect decreases.

• Charosetta (Lactinette, Modelle Mam).

They are best suited for use during lactation because of the do not affect the production and taste of milk, as well as girls who are prohibited from . The contraceptive effect of the drug is achieved by increasing the viscosity of the mucus that covers the cervix, which is an obstacle to the passage of sperm to the target.

• Exluton

Like other OCs in this group, the use is preferable when breastfeeding, contraindications to COCs. The contraceptive effect is associated with an increase in the viscosity of mucus, which prevents the movement of spermatozoa, violations of the contractions of the walls of the fallopian tubes (this change is reversible after the drug is discontinued).

Emergency drugs

Emergency (post-coital) contraception is carried out after unprotected intercourse, or if protection methods have failed, within 1-3 days to prevent unwanted pregnancy. It is important to know that these female hormone pills should be used as little as possible. can cause irreparable damage to the body.

• Escapel (postinor)

They inhibit ovulation, thereby stopping the fertilization process. Prevents implantation, i.e. penetration and consolidation of the embryo in the wall of the uterus. Will not work if the injection has already occurred. Reception should be started as early as possible (no later than 72 hours) after unprotected sex. The longer the time interval between the unprotected act and taking the drug, the higher the likelihood of pregnancy. Used at any time of the cycle.

• Zhenale

Slows down ovulation and prevents the attachment of a fertilized egg. It is used 2 hours before or 2 hours after a meal (within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse), regardless of the phase of the menstrual cycle.

Note! These hormonal pills for women should not be taken together with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (pain relievers, antipyretics such as ibuprofen) for a week after taking the drug.

What is hormonal disruption?

Hormonal disbalance- this is the discrepancy between the ratio of estrogens and progesterone - the main helpers of the reproductive system. The work of the whole body is associated with hormonal status.

Failure factors:

• dysfunction of the endocrine glands. This can occur both as a result of illness and as a result of developmental abnormalities;
• incorrect production of hormones can be both congenital and acquired problems;
• increased nervous irritability and prolonged stress;
• uncontrolled use of postcoital contraceptive drugs provokes a sharp shift in hormones, after which the body can come back in order for years;
• independent use of hormonal agents;
• artificial termination of pregnancy (abortion);
• age-related physiological deviations. Puberty and menopause are 2 periods in a woman's life when a radical reboot of the endocrine system occurs.

Menopause is a predictable hormonal disruption caused by an imminent reduction in the work of the ovaries.

Menopause and menopause

Menopause means the long-term effect of the gradual fading of a woman's reproductive system.

The menopause period is divided into 3 phases: premenopause, menopause, postmenopause. Key hormonal surges are seen in premenopausal women. This phase combines the time when menstruation becomes arbitrary, ends altogether, and 2 years after that. Premenopause lasts approximately 4 years. If during the year there were no spontaneous periods, we can say that the last menstrual bleeding is menopause. It occurs between 40 and 50 years of age. The time of its onset in most cases depends on genetic characteristics.

Tides- the most common trouble that is caused by hormonal changes. During "attacks" a woman may experience a feeling of heat, most often in the face area. Reducing hot flashes during menopause will help reduce the diet of meat and protein foods, it is desirable to eat more vegetables and fruits. Other symptoms include depression and migraine headaches.

Involuntary urination also develops, discomfort during intercourse, the likelihood of cystitis increases. These manifestations are associated with a decrease in the level of estrogen in the blood. Brittle nails, hair loss and rough skin - characteristic manifestations lack of estrogen.

Problems of a larger scale may begin:

• osteoporosis (increased fragility of bones);
• atherosclerosis (deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels);
• diabetes.

To prevent all of these problems, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is used. Its purpose is to compensate for the lost function of the ovaries and prolong youth. But not all women are shown it. Contraindications are quite serious:

• deep vein thrombi of the lower extremities;
• intrauterine bleeding of unknown origin;
• oncological diseases;
• liver pathology.

However, hormone therapy is not as scary as it sounds. There are special hormonal preparations for women over 40 years of age.

Menopausal hormone pills for women may contain:

• estrogen;
• a combination of estrogen with progesterone;
• a combination of estrogen, progesterone, and androgen.

List of hormonal drugs for women after 40 years

• Angelique

Contains both types of hormones (estrogen and progestogen), which levels drop during menopause. There is a replacement of hormones that are no longer produced by the ovaries.

Estradiol prevents or relieves hot flashes, excessive sweating, sleep disturbances, depressive states, increased nervousness, dizziness and migraine headaches, as well as urinary incontinence, dryness, itching, burning sensation in the vagina, discomfort during intercourse. The inclusion of a gestagen (drospirenone) in the preparation reduces the risk of developing uterine cancer.

The drug reduces bone loss, the so-called postmenopausal osteoporosis. Drospirenone regulates the excretion of fluids and sodium ions, which reduces the numbers blood pressure, weight, breast pain and other symptoms associated with tissue swelling.

• Ladybone

Inhibits the destruction of bone mass in the postmenopausal period, smoothes symptoms such as hot flashes, increased sweating, headache. Improves libido and mood. It has a tonic effect on the vaginal mucosa, while not causing the proliferation of endometrial tissues (which can lead to neoplasms).

• Cyclo-Proginova

Contains a special estradiol salt, which is converted in the body into its own hormone. Also included is norgestrel, a progesterone derivative. Its application within 10 days of the monthly cycle stops the excessive proliferation of the endometrial mucosa and stops the development of uterine cancer. Used for perimenopausal women to treat spontaneous uterine bleeding.

Estradiol compensates for the lack of estrogen in the body during the approach of menopause and creates a favorable course of therapy:

• eliminates hot flashes;
• excessive sweating;
• insomnia;
• increased nervousness and causeless irritability;
• chest pain;
• dizziness;
• migraine pain;
• weakening the desire for intimacy;
• muscle and joint pain;
• involuntary urine leakage;
• dryness and itching in the vagina;
• pain during sex;
• reduces bone wasting.

Hormonal preparations for women after 40 years of age can be started at any time. It is important to exclude pregnancy!

Table of hormonal drugs with active ingredients and prices

The table shows the list and prices for the popular hormonal drugs that were mentioned above. It should be noted that the mark-up for drugs in each region is different, so the cost may vary. You should be aware that all drugs containing hormones are prescription drugs.

The prices of small and large packages are written with a slash (\).

Trade name	Active ingredients and dosages	price, rub.
Jess	ethinylestradiol 0.02 mg; drospirenone 3 mg	1200
Belara	ethinylestradiol 0.03 mg; chlormadinone 2 mg	750 \ 1900
Lindinet 20	ethinylestradiol - 0.02 mg; gestodene - 0.075 mg	500 \ 1100
Novinet	ethinylestradiol - 0.02 mg, desogestrel - 0.15 mg	450 \ 1200
Midiana	ethinylestradiol 0.03 mg; drospirenone 3 mg,	700 \ 1900
Dimia	ethinylestradiol 0.02 mg drospirenone 3 mg,	750 \ 1800
Logest	ethinylestradiol 0.02 mg; gestodene 0.075 mg	850 \ 1900
Mercilon	ethinylestradiol 0.02 mg; desogestrel 0.15 mg	1500
Claira	estradiol; dienogest (the amount varies depending on the type of tablet)	1200 \ 2950
Escapel	levonorgestrel 1.5 mg	500
Zhenale	mifepristone 10mg	380
Postinor	levonorgestrel 0.75 mg	400
Charosetta	desogestrel 0.75 mg	1500 \ 3550
Laktinet®-Richter	desogestrel 0.75 mg	800
Modelle Mum	desogestrel 0.75 mg	800 \ 1700
Exluton	linestrenol 0.5 mg	3 200
Angelique	estradiol 1.0 mg; drospirenone 2 mg	1450
Ladybone	tibolone 2.5 mg	900 \ 2400
Cyclo-proginova	white dragee contains 2.0 mg of estradiol; light brown dragee contains 2.0 mg of estradiol and 0.5 mg of norgestrel.	90

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