Gastritis symptoms in children 12 years of age. Symptoms, causes and treatment of gastritis in children

Gastritis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gastric sac; it can be diagnosed both in the adult population and in childhood(no matter how old the child is). And the treatment of gastritis in children has significant differences.

Experts distinguish two groups of reasons for the development of gastritis in children.

The primary (the disease develops as an independent) include:

• irregular meals;
• lack of variety in dishes;
• a large amount of sweets and pastries in the diet;
• frequent overeating;
• non-observance of the rules of personal hygiene.

V individual cases gastritis forms as a secondary infection, i.e. inflammation becomes a complication of conditions such as:

• food poisoning;
• pancreatic pathology;
• diseases of the liver, gallbladder;
• helminthic invasion.

Gastritis can be diagnosed for the first time at the age when the baby is 3… .6 years old, as well as in adolescents (10… 12 years old). Often, symptoms of the disease appear after excessive consumption of sweets and inadequacies in the diet.

Common Symptoms

In its clinical manifestations, children's gastritis differs from the symptoms of an "adult" disease. A child, no matter how old he is, 10 or only 6, has the following symptoms:

• Pain in the abdomen (umbilical region) that occurs after eating.
• Decreased or complete loss of appetite against the background of fear of new pain.
• Dark circles under the eyes, pallor of the skin.
• Plaque of white or gray on the surface of the tongue.
• Bad breath.
• Attacks of nausea, ending with the separation of vomit.
• Stool disorder.
• Increased salivation with a characteristic dry mouth.

Inflammation of the stomach of an infectious nature can be accompanied by a significant rise in overall body temperature.

Acute form of pathology

Acute gastritis in children is provoked various reasons... The pathology is accompanied by a bright inflammatory process.

Causes

Basically, an acute form of pathology is provoked by:

• lack of diet;
• frequent overeating;
• poor quality chewing of food;
• eating too spicy or hot foods;
• long-term medication intake;
• damage to the gastric mucosa Helicobacter pylori;
• the development of allergies;
• exposure to the walls of the organ of aggressive substances (acids, alkalis);
• diseases of the digestive tract;
• trauma to the stomach;
• somatic diseases.

Classification

There are several types of acute forms of the disease (depending on the nature of the mucosal lesion):

• simple (catarrhal);
• erosive;
• fibrinous;
• corrosive (necrotic);
• phlegmonous (purulent).

Symptoms

The symptomatology of the pathology depends on the nature of the damage to the tissues of the mucous membrane.

Catarrhal (simple)

Complaints in a child usually appear several hours after the influence of an aggressive agent on the gastric mucosa.

• The kid becomes restless.
• General weakness is observed.
• The separation of saliva is enhanced.
• There are attacks of nausea, ending with the rejection of the contents of the stomach.
• The desire to eat disappears.
• There are pains in the stomach area or just a feeling of discomfort.
• Diarrhea begins.
• The general body temperature rises.

Acute infectious

For this subspecies of pathology, additional symptoms are typical:

• frequent severe vomiting causing dehydration;
• increasing diarrhea.

Acute phlegmonous

The disease is very difficult, accompanied by the following symptoms:

• the child has a high fever;
• pains are intense and growing;
• there is a pronounced symptomatology of intoxication of the body;
• frequent vomiting (it contains purulent impurities).

Acute necrotic

The disease is accompanied following signs:

• severe pain corresponding to the level of pain shock.

The disease requires immediate hospitalization.

Treatment of acute pathology (general)

Therapy for a child, regardless of the number of years, is prescribed individually.

• The first hours of the disease, 10 - 12 hours, abstain from food completely. Drink as much liquid as possible. It can be tea, still mineral water... If fluid in the child's stomach is not retained, then an intravenous infusion of saline may be given.
• As the condition improves (after 10 - 12 hours), you can start eating cereal puree soups, low-fat broths, sweet jelly. At this stage of treatment, fractional meals in small portions are recommended. Come back to familiar menu resolves about a week after the development of inflammation, when the child has significantly improved general state.
• Sometimes gastric lavage may be prescribed if the cause of acute gastritis is alkali or acid poisoning.

Drug therapy is prescribed by a doctor who is observing the child. The scheme is individual and may include the following drugs:

• antibacterial agents;
• enzyme preparations that improve digestion processes;
• bismuth-based products;
• drugs enveloping the gastric mucosa;
• drugs from the category of antacids;
• antispasmodics;
• antiemetic.

The prognosis for simple gastritis is favorable, recovery occurs approximately on the fourth to sixth days. The complicated course of acute gastritis can cause complications.

Lack of adequate therapy and attempt self-treatment will only harm the child. Untreated acute form of the disease can quickly become chronic.

Chronic gastritis

Chronic gastritis is a long-term current disease, accompanied by inflammation of the gastric mucosa with the development of its atrophy.

According to medical statistics, chronic gastritis in childhood is an independent disease in 10-15% of all diagnosed cases. Often the pathology is combined with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as the pancreas and biliary tract.

Usually the disease occurs in adolescents 10 - 15 years old.

Symptoms

For chronic form inflammation is typical violation of gastric acidity and gastric motility.

Symptoms largely depend on the violations that have occurred. With an exacerbation, a child of any age may complain:

• frequent belching;
• severe heartburn;
• lack of appetite;
• bad taste in the mouth;
• heaviness in the epigastric region and pain arising after eating (duration of attacks 1 ... 2 hours).

Somewhat less often, there may be:

• bouts of vomiting;
• stool disorders;
• bloating.

Treatment

Therapy of the disease in children of different years depends on the level of acidity.

Gastritis accompanied by low acidity

The main therapy is diet. Medical nutrition is especially important for exacerbations.

Medication therapy can include:

• Antispasmodics, antiemetic drugs - with the existing pain syndrome and digestive disorders (nausea and vomiting).
• Preparations for replenishing the lack of hydrochloric acid and pepsin. It is recommended to use herbal medicines to stimulate the production of pepsin.
• Vitamins B and C, a nicotinic acid- improve the nutrition of the mucous membrane, accelerate its epithelialization. If a child is diagnosed with anemia, he is prescribed a course of injections of vitamin B12.

Physiotherapy can only be used when exacerbation subsides. Sanitary treatment is carried out during periods of remission.

with normal or high acidity

On the initial stage pathology treatment involves dietary food. Often, with this type of gastritis, the presence of Helicobacter pylori is detected during the examination. Then the basis of therapy is drugs that affect the pathogen. The scheme is selected by the child's attending physician.

Pronounced pain syndrome help relieve antispasmodics. The administration of antisecretory drugs and drugs that reduce acidity is shown.

For gastritis with high acidity, you can use the following recipes:

• It is necessary to brew 10 gr. mullein flowers (or calendula inflorescences) in a glass of boiling water. Insist 30 minutes. Drink a small spoon three times a day.
• Pour 10 gr. St. John's wort herb with a glass of boiled water. Warm up in a water bath. Take a quarter glass three times a day.
• It is necessary to pour 500 ml of boiling water over 3 tablespoons of sea buckthorn berries. Cook for 10 minutes. When the broth has cooled, add honey. Give the child a drink instead of tea.
• 10 gr. Brew calamus roots with a glass of boiling water, boil for 15 minutes. Take a quarter glass three times a day.

Prophylaxis

The principles of inflammation prevention:

• adherence to nutritional principles that are appropriate for the age of the child;
• timely treatment of gastrointestinal tract pathologies;
• treatment of chronic diseases of the nasopharynx.

It must be remembered that the lack of adequate treatment contributes to the transition from one stage of gastritis to another. And if you do not carry out treatment, then the chronic form of pathology can cause the formation of peptic ulcer disease.

Gastritis in children is an inflammation of the stomach lining that is accompanied by vivid signs or mild symptoms. The disease is common in all age groups. Children's gastritis is provoked external factors or chronic pathologies. The treatment regimen for gastritis in children is selected depending on the cause of the inflammation.

Disease classification

Pathology is chronic or acute. Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa is provoked by one-time stimuli. It is impossible not to notice this form of the disease, since it proceeds with pronounced symptoms. Acute gastritis in a child is classified based on the cause.

Viral

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa is provoked viral infections... The most common types are:

• rotovirus;
• norovirus;
• enterovirus.

Infection occurs through contact with patients and carriers of the infection. Viral gastritis accompanied by diarrhea, vomiting, fever. In this form of the disease, the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum is affected.

Allergic

The stomach is damaged by exposure to a food allergen. Most often, this type of pathology occurs in children under 5 years of age. Allergic gastritis in most cases is associated with lactose deficiency, intolerance egg white and gluten free. It is treated by excluding products that irritate the mucous membranes and antihistamines.

Alimentary

Poisoning develops after eating poor quality food. Alimentary gastritis is provoked by expired products, as well as their improper storage, violation of the integrity of the packaging during transportation. Features food poisoning:

• diffuse stomach pain;
• vomiting of food debris 4–8 hours after eating;
• sweetish odor from the mouth (caused by the fermentation process).

Alimentary form of gastritis is more often observed in summer months, because in the heat digestive process slows down. In addition, food is easily spoiled, the risk of overeating unripe fruits and berries increases. Light form poisoning does not require hospitalization. The child recovers in 1–2 days. The gastric mucosa is completely restored if, after the acute phase, a sparing diet is followed (table No. 1a).

Toxic-infectious

The disease progresses when contaminated foods are eaten. Infection is caused by bacteria:

• salmonella;
• staphylococcus;
• Escherichia coli.

The severity of symptoms depends on the rate of spread of microorganisms, immunity and the age of the child. Infectious gastritis in children is more severe than viral and alimentary forms. Clinical manifestations are characterized by pronounced intoxication, continuous vomiting, diarrhea. The body temperature rises to 400 and lasts for several days. Infection can be complicated by pathologies of cardio-vascular system... In the best case, the disease subsides in 3-5 days. Severe intoxication lasts 7-10 days.

A dangerous complication of the infectious form is phlegmonous gastritis. This type of disease is characterized by a purulent abscess under the mucous membrane. This form of gastritis is rare in children.

A bacterial infection of the gastric mucosa is life-threatening, therefore an urgent health care... Improper home treatment can result in complications and secondary infection.

Corrosive

Areas of the mucous membrane die off as a result of alkali or concentrated acids entering the stomach. Accidental ingestion of a hazardous liquid occurs out of curiosity in children between 1 and 4 years of age.

The severity of the injury depends on the amount of substance consumed. When swallowing chemical compounds or drugs, the epithelium of the mouth and esophagus is primarily damaged. The gastric mucosa may not be affected if the baby has recently eaten. After swallowing chemicals, the child complains of pain in the mouth and throat. Vomiting begins almost immediately. First aid for corrosive gastritis is gastric lavage.

Chronic inflammation

If the treatment is chosen incorrectly and the child does not follow a therapeutic diet, the disease becomes protracted. Pathology proceeds without symptoms or they are mild. Chronic gastritis in children is detected after contacting a pediatrician and undergoing an endoscopy. Main varieties:

• superficial form - the lesion is insignificant, the inner layers of the mucous membrane are not destroyed;
• erosive type - the walls of the stomach are covered with ulcerations;
• chemical type - occurs when long-term use anti-inflammatory and hormonal agents;
• reflux - the throwing of contents from the duodenum into the stomach;
• inflammation associated with the activity of Helicobacter pylori - develops as a result of the reproduction and activity of the microorganism;
• atrophic form - it is rare in children, the death of the glands occurs due to a violation of immunity at the genetic level;
• nodular gastritis - the formation of lymphoid follicles in the structure of the epithelium.

Causes

Each age has its own disposing factors and prerequisites for the development of the disease.

Causes of gastritis in newborn babies and infants:

• ingestion of bacteria (ingestion amniotic fluid, not a sterile mixture, milk);
• internal intake of aminophylline, antibiotics;
• the rules for preparing the mixture are violated;
• a sharp transition to artificial feeding;
• insufficient production of enzymes for the breakdown of milk sugar;
• sharp introduction of complementary foods;
• physiological abnormalities (fistula in the esophagus, congenital pyloric stenosis, etc.).

The risk of gastritis is significantly reduced when breastfeeding... Mother's milk contains antibodies that protect the infant from infections and intestinal viruses.

Children are most susceptible to the disease during the period of active growth and puberty. The viral and infectious form of the disease most often occurs in children attending preschool and primary school.

Gastritis in adolescents develops due to a change hormonal background in the presence of negative factors. Specialists pay a large role in the development of chronic pathology to stress, overwork in high school.

Causes of gastritis in children 3-16 years old:

• improper nutrition;
• nervous exhaustion;
• helicobacteriosis;
• anatomical abnormalities in the structure of the stomach and duodenum;
• helminthic invasions;
• infections;
• long-term therapy with anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids;
• snacks instead of a full meal;
• genetic predisposition to gastrointestinal diseases;
• autoimmune disorders;
• grueling workouts in sports sections;
• ignoring the rules of personal hygiene.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa in high school students can be caused by the use of alcoholic beverages, smoking.

Symptoms of the disease

You can recognize gastritis in babies by signs: anxiety, crying, tense stomach. The manifestations are similar to intestinal colic therefore, it is difficult to distinguish between these conditions without consulting a doctor. Infectious gastritis is recognized by high body temperature, vomiting, and diarrhea. An infant may experience stomach pain after consuming a new formula. The inflammatory process in the stomach is manifested by sudden night crying. Anxiety may worsen after feeding in an inappropriate formula.

At 2-3 years old, children are able to show the source of discomfort, which makes diagnosis easier. The pain appears after overeating, eating food not for age: fast food, chips, chocolate. The child complains of pain in the right hypochondrium, solar plexus. The first signs of gastritis are bloating, discomfort on an empty stomach, general weakness, lethargy. Errors in nutrition may be accompanied by a one-time pain without vomiting and diarrhea, which disappears after taking Nosh-py. Viral and infectious gastritis is manifested by sudden vomiting, diarrhea without connection with food intake.

External signs of gastritis in a child:

• increased salivation;
• pale dry skin;
• poor appetite;
• plaque on the tongue;
• bruises under the eyes.

Fever can be with any type of disease. But most often this symptom indicates an intestinal infection.

An attack of acute gastritis is equally manifested in children of different ages... At 5, 7 and 10 years old, inflammation is accompanied by pain, dyspeptic disorders. The severity of signs depends on the individual characteristics of the immune system, the strength of the stimulus. in children and adolescents:

• nausea and vomiting;
• heartburn;
• belching;
• purulent odor from the mouth;
• dry mucous membranes;
• stool disorders.

These manifestations are characteristic of the inflammatory process.

Acute gastritis in children cannot be ignored, since it is always accompanied by severe symptoms. Correct treatment for superficial inflammation prevents the transition of the disease to a chronic form.

If gastritis is caused by Helicobacter pylori, mucosal damage occurs under the influence of increased acidity of gastric juice. The microorganism, as a result of vital activity, releases alkalis that are toxic to the gastric environment. The microflora balance is disturbed, which leads to emergency work of the glands.

Chronic gastritis in children is detected after 6 years. This is due to the impossibility of performing endoscopy on a preschool child. Signs of chronic gastritis in middle-aged and adolescent children:

• drowsiness;
• fast overwork;
• anemia;
• dizziness;
• periodic pain in the hypochondrium, stomach;
• irritability;
• weight loss;
• flatulence;
• feeling of heaviness after eating;
• heartburn.

The disease can manifest itself as minor dyspeptic disorders. Parents should be alerted to the frequency of these signs. If symptoms recur, there is a reason to make an appointment with a pediatrician.

Diagnostic measures

A pediatric gastroenterologist can draw up a clinical picture of the state of the stomach only on the basis of instrumental research... The rest of the methods are only complementary. Ultrasonography allows you to establish or disprove diseases gallbladder, pancreas, intestines. Symptoms of diseases of these organs are similar to those of gastritis, therefore, without an ultrasound scan, the clinical picture will be incomplete.

The final diagnosis is made after the examination. On the initial admission the doctor collects an anamnesis, taking into account the patient's complaints and the observations of the parents. Diagnostic procedures in children with suspected gastritis, include a number of activities:

• general and biochemical analysis blood;
• fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS) is a research method in which it is possible to record changes in the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum;

EGD is accompanied by difficulties in young children, so the procedure is done only when urgently needed. Based on symptoms, laboratory results, parental observations, the doctor prescribes preventive treatment... If there is no result, EGD is performed.

How to treat acute gastritis in children

The therapy regimen used with a one-time exposure to an irritating factor is prescribed based on the symptoms and the cause that caused the intoxication. At active form inflammation, treatment of gastritis in children includes:

• gastric lavage;
• sorbents for removing toxins - Smecta, Activated carbon;
• enzymes - Creon, Festal, Pancreatin;
• enveloping agents - Fosfalugel, Almagel;
• antispasmodics - No-Shpa, Papaverine;
• means for restoring water-salt balance - Regidron, Hydrovit.

Therapy regimen for bacterial infection includes antibiotics. Treatment of an acute form of gastritis with a long course and significant damage to the mucous membrane includes taking Famotidine, Ranitidine. These funds reduce the production of gastric acid.

The treatment regimen is completed by drugs that restore the balance of beneficial microorganisms - Bifidumbacterin, Linex.

It is undesirable to select funds without a doctor's prescription, since wrong treatment can aggravate the condition of the child. At severe pain children from 3 years old can be given pills that relieve spasm - Trimedat, Drotaverin.

Vomiting and diarrhea cannot be stopped on their own, since the body must get rid of toxic substances.

Medicines must be used with the permission of a specialist. The doctor will select a remedy based on the child's age and possible concomitant pathologies.

Taking medications is combined with a therapeutic diet. The child is recommended to stay in bed, drink enough liquid.

Cure acute superficial gastritis in children it is possible forever, without consequences, if you follow the recommendations of a specialist. Deep damage and erosion take longer to heal. Full healing will require treatment in a sanatorium, long-term adherence to the diet.

Chronic gastritis treatment

Many drugs used in adult therapy are contraindicated in children. Basically, this is due to the insufficiently studied effect on the child's body.

In the chronic form, the treatment of gastritis in a child includes:

• histamine blockers - Famotidine, Kvamatel;
• preparations for the destruction of Helicobacter pylori - antibiotics, De-nol;
• gastrocytoprotectors - Venter, Enprostil (allowed from the age of 14);
• antacids - Almagel, Maalox;
• means that normalize gastric motility - Cerucal, Motilium.

The disease is most often accompanied by an increase in the production of secretory fluid. Gastritis with low acidity is treated with bitterness, natural gastric juice (Pepsin, diluted hydrochloric acid). Enzymes help support digestion.

Treatment of an atrophic form of gastritis in a child includes vitamin complexes with iron, folic acid... It is advisable to use restorative complexes. These include Actoverin, Mumiyo, Neurobeks.

If possible, the child is sent to a sanatorium, treated with mineral waters. The psychological atmosphere in the family plays an important role. The child recovers faster in a relaxed environment.

Diet

Pay particular attention to therapeutic diet... The diet involves regular meals. Best of all by the hour. The dietary food includes high-quality organic products... During an exacerbation, a child can eat:

• vegetable and cereal soups;
• liquid porridge;
• minced meat - rabbit, chicken, turkey, veal;
• casseroles;
• lean fish;
• dried fruits compote;
• jelly;
• bread of yesterday's baked goods;
• dry biscuits (like "Maria");
• weak tea.

Food intake is carried out in small portions, 5-6 times a day. Dishes are consumed in a warm, chopped form. The cooking method is chosen sparingly. Cooked meals are best absorbed. When the symptoms subside, the food list expands. The diet must include fresh fruits and berries.

Chronic gastritis is often accompanied by excessive production of gastric juice, therefore, products that increase acidity must be excluded from the menu:

• rich broths;
• baked goods;
• chocolate;
• confectionery;
• spices;
• spicy, fatty, salty, smoked dishes;
• canned food.

Complications

With a prolonged course, damage to the stomach may be complicated by dehydration, intoxication, or gastric bleeding... Superficial inflammation does not pose such a threat. Dangerous gastritis with deep inflammation of the mucous membrane, extensive erosion.

Acute form without treatment can lead to consequences: ulcers, atrophy of the stomach in adulthood.

Prophylaxis

To prevent inflammation of the gastric mucosa in preschoolers, the following rules will help:

• give the child small portions;
• food should be age appropriate;
• wash your hands before eating;
• maintain a friendly atmosphere in the family.

To teach your baby to dietary nutrition, you should prepare a variety of dishes, healthy desserts.

Prevention of gastritis in school-age children includes measures:

• breakfast training;
• adherence to the daily routine;
• exclusion from the diet of fast food, fast food;
• timely treatment of caries.

You need to eat at the table, in a relaxed atmosphere. Watching TV shows and cartoons distract from food and disrupt digestion. Children's organism has good recovery ability. The mucous membrane completely regenerates with proper nutrition and adherence to the regimen.

The information on our website is provided by qualified doctors and is for informational purposes only. Do not self-medicate! Be sure to contact a specialist!

Gastroenterologist, professor, doctor of medical sciences. Appoints diagnostics and provides treatment. Group Expert on Inflammatory Diseases. Author of over 300 scientific papers.

Gastritis is an inflammatory process of the gastric mucosa. Most often, it does not flow in pure form accompanied by inflammation duodenum... At first, the disease is acute, then it can turn into a chronic form.

At correct treatment and following a diet, acute gastritis of the stomach can be completely cured. V last years due to various factors, children are increasingly exposed to gastritis. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the condition of the child and, at the first symptoms of a disturbance in the digestive tract, contact a specialist.

Causes of occurrence

The main risk group for developing gastritis is adolescent children. During this period, active growth and transitional changes in the body take place. Most often, the disease develops in younger schoolchildren (6-10 years old) and adolescents (13-16 years old). These age groups prerequisites for inflammation of the gastric mucosa are created.

Factors provoking gastritis:

• Use harmful products nutrition. These include fast food, carbonated drinks, croutons, spicy dishes with an overabundance of spices, fatty and smoked foods.
• Irregular food intake. If the interval between meals is very large, and the portions of food are very large, then the likelihood of gastritis increases.
• Substandard products. Even healthy foods can be spoiled, or infected with pathogenic microflora. Pathogens enter the digestive tract, and can cause not only poisoning, but also gastritis.
• Excessive physical and psycho-emotional stress. With strong physical activity (or in its complete absence), the blood circulation process is disrupted. This leads to a disruption of the processes of self-regulation of the functions of the stomach. Under stress and great mental stress, the synthesis of gastric secretions is disrupted, appetite worsens, which leads to gastritis.
• Taking certain medications that destroy the mucous membrane (aspirin, antibiotics, hormonal agents).
• Violation of hygiene rules (eating food with dirty hands) can lead to the entry of pathogens into the stomach, which will contribute to its inflammation.
• Helminthic invasions.

How independent disease gastritis can develop against the background of Helicobacter pylori bacteria entering the stomach. This microorganism secretes substances that destroy protective functions gastric mucosa. The bacterium increases the production of hydrochloric acid, which, in excess, damages the mucous membrane.

Forms and types of the disease

Gastritis can be of 2 forms: acute and chronic. Acute gastritis occurs as a result of a single exposure to an irritating factor. It can be of several types:

• phlegmonous - inflammation of a purulent nature that occurs after an ulcer or some infections;
• catarrhal - a consequence of food poisoning and malnutrition;
• fibrinous - the result of severe infections or acid poisoning;
• corrosive - necrotic changes in the mucous membrane due to damage to it with alkalis or concentrated acids.

The chronic form of the disease develops due to long-term exposure irritating factors. More often it becomes the result of untreated acute gastritis.

Types of chronic gastritis:

• infectious - develops as a result of damage to the gastric mucosa by the bacterium Helicobacter;
• erosive gastritis - proceeds with the formation of erosions and ulcers on the inner surface of the stomach;
• chemical - the result of prolonged use of drugs.

Symptoms

Irritating substances act on the gastric walls, causing the active production of gastric juice. Hydrochloric acid begins to destroy the mucous membrane, causing inflammation. The walls become hyperemic, edematous, appear on them slight erosion, microscopic hemorrhages.

The first sign of gastritis is stomach pain and bloating. The pain can be localized in the right hypochondrium, in the middle - at the junction of the ribs. The intensity of pain can be both mild and unbearable. It can occur on an empty stomach or some time after eating. The pain increases with physical exertion and abundant food intake (especially fatty and fried).

Other symptoms and signs of gastritis:

• deterioration in appetite;
• belching;
• nausea;
• vomiting with food debris;
• upset stool (usually constipation, or erratic bowel movements);
• general malaise;
• increased salivation;
• pallor of the skin;
• plaque on the tongue of a whitish-yellow hue;
• sometimes the temperature can rise to subfebrile level.

Often gastritis is accompanied by biliary dyskinesia, reactive pancreatitis, gastroesophageal reflux. If the child's disease is not treated, the inflammatory process will affect the entire mucous membrane, dystrophic changes... The cells of the mucous membrane atrophy, the composition of the gastric secretion changes, the glands gradually atrophy. The epithelium is replaced connective tissue... At this stage, gastritis has irreversible consequences and cannot be cured.

Diagnostics

Under the mask of gastritis symptoms, more serious illness... Therefore, it is important for the child to make a diagnosis on time and correctly. Confirm the presence of gastritis using fibrogastroduodenoscopy. This is an examination with an endoscope, in which a visual examination of the mucous membrane can be performed. But, unfortunately, certain difficulties arise when examining children with this method. It is easier to prescribe general preventive therapy for gastritis and monitor the dynamics of the child's condition.

Ultrasound and X-ray - not informative methods with gastritis. These studies are mainly prescribed in order to exclude other pathologies (pancreatitis, biliary dyskinesia).

To determine the complications of gastritis and its severity, it is prescribed laboratory research urine and blood, and stool analysis for the presence of worms.

Methods and rules of treatment

How to treat gastritis in children? Therapy of the disease depends on its form and type. For a successful outcome, you first need to determine the cause of the inflammation and eliminate it. The treatment of gastritis in a child must be approached comprehensively, including the normalization of the diet, taking medications and traditional medicine, if necessary.

Do not self-medicate! Before treating gastritis in children at home, a specialist consultation is necessary.

Drug therapy

Such therapy should be carried out only in a hospital setting. It is unacceptable to treat a child on your own. Otherwise, there is a risk of not curing the disease, and giving an impetus to the development of a chronic form. The specialist will select the right drugs that will speed up the recovery of the stomach and reduce pain.

With gastritis in high acidity, the following are shown:

• Almagel;
• Maalox;
• Phosphalugel.

To reduce gastric acid production:

• Zantak;
• Gastrocepin;
• Omez;
• Ranitidine;
• Histak.

Such drugs must be taken under the strict supervision of a physician. If you stop taking some of them, the symptoms of gastritis may worsen.

To restore the gastric mucosa, take:

• Venter;
• Iqviriton;
• Alcid V.

If the bacteria Helicobacter is detected, the child is prescribed a special course of medications: antibacterial drugs together with bismuth-containing agents (Denol), and lowering acidity. The average course of treatment is 7 days.

At the same time, symptomatic treatment is carried out.

For nausea and vomiting, the following are shown:

• Debridate;
• Motillium.

With stagnation of bile:

• Hofitol;
• Allohol.

With dysbiosis:

• Linex;
• Enterol;
• Bifiform.

Diet for gastritis in children

The main place should be given to nutrition for gastritis. The speed of recovery, the duration of remission in chronic gastritis depends on this. When gastritis attacks appear for the first 8-12 hours, it is better not to feed the child, but to provide plenty of drink in small portions. It may be weak tea isotonic solution NaCl with glucose. Diet fractional food is administered after 12 hours.

General rules:

• You need to eat often (5-6 times a day) and in fractional portions.
• The last meal should be no later than 3 hours before bedtime.
• To avoid irritation of the mucous membrane, food should not be hot or cold, not rough.
• Dry water should be avoided.
• Chew food thoroughly.
• Reduce salt intake to 8 g per day.

Exclude from the diet:

• fresh pastry and dough;
• fast foods;
• ketchup, mayonnaise;
• meat broths;
• pickles;
• fried, salted, smoked;
• persimmon;
• fresh milk in its pure form (can be added to cereals).

With an exacerbation of gastritis, are shown (if acidity is increased):

• the first 3-5 days - table number 1 according to Pevzner;
• then 5-7 days - table number 16;
• then 1-1.5 months - table number 1.

Gradually, the diet can be increased and the child can be given a table number 5.

• Before eating, eat a slightly acidic product (a slice of lemon, a sip of juice). You can eat in 5 minutes.
• Exclude foods that enhance the choleretic process: animal fats, sweeteners.
• The dietary rules are the same as for other forms of gastritis.

Folk remedies and recipes

Treatment of gastritis with folk remedies is allowed only after consulting a doctor. If the acidity is low, you can give your child the juice of cabbage or raw potatoes, heated to 30 ° C one hour before meals. Children under 3 years old drink 1/4 cup, older ones - 1/2 cup a day. Duration of admission is 10 days.

With severe heartburn, an infusion of birch bark will help (2 tablespoons per 1 liter hot water). The dosage is the same as for cabbage juice. After half an hour, you can give your child food.

You can remove the inflammation of the gastric mucosa with a decoction of burdock root. Pour 1 spoonful of raw materials with a glass of boiling water. Give the child 1 teaspoon before meals.

Prevention measures

To minimize the occurrence of gastritis in a child, it is necessary to monitor his diet and regimen:

• food should be age appropriate;
• provide frequent and fractional meals;
• do not give food on the go;
• keep food clean (wash your hands more often, as well as raw vegetables and fruits);
• avoid overeating;
• exclude fatty and fried foods;
• when using drugs that irritate the gastric mucosa, give the child antacids;
• avoid overwork and stressful situations.

Gastritis in a child is an inflammatory process that requires careful diagnosis and complex treatment... If the disease is allowed to take its course, it threatens the child with problems with digestive system for the rest of my life. Therefore, it is better to prevent gastritis than to deal with its consequences.

Read more about gastritis in preschool children in the following video:

In humans, the stomach passes into the duodenum. Usually inflammation of the gastric mucosa, all food is accompanied by inflammation of the neighboring area - the duodenum. So pure gastritis in children is quite rare, usually gastroduodenitis.

Gastroduodenitis - inflammatory disease stomach and duodenum.

Gastritis (gastroduodenitis) is acute and chronic. Acute gastritis(gastroduodenitis) is a frequent companion of food poisoning and intestinal infection... In this article, we will only touch upon issues related to chronic inflammation, flowing in a child for years, with periods of exacerbations and temporary well-being. For the sake of simplicity, the word "chronic", with your permission, will be omitted.

Causes of gastritis (gastroduodenitis) in children

Human gastric juice contains high concentration hydrochloric acid. Surely from the school chemistry course, everyone remembers how aggressive this substance is: hydrochloric acid easily corrodes living tissue. However, under normal conditions, healthy person there are a number of protective factors (a layer of mucus in the stomach, the ability of the mucous membrane to quickly recover, the production of substances protecting the mucous membrane, local, etc.) so that hydrochloric acid does not damage the gastric mucosa.

In conditions of pathology, protective factors weaken, and aggressive ones, on the contrary, take over. As a result, an imbalance between these two forces (protective and aggressive), gastric juice begins to digest its own gastric mucosa. This is how gastritis occurs, and if the process does not stop, then an ulcer.

What unfavorable factors lead to weakening protective properties stomach?

Hereditary predisposition. Any of the child's relatives suffers from gastritis, gastroduodenitis, stomach or duodenal ulcers.

Factors contributing to mucosal damage:

• Violation of the diet.

Dry food.
- Binge eating.
- Rare meals in large portions.
- Eating food that irritates the stomach (chips, mayonnaise, ketchup, fast food, etc.).

Various microorganisms live in the human stomach: (lactobacilli, staphylococci, streptococci, yeast-like mushrooms and etc.). These are symbionts, they do not have any harmful effect on the stomach. One of the symbionts is Helicobacter pylori. Under normal conditions, with intact mucous membrane and physiological acidity of gastric juice, Helicobacter is harmless to the body. But when the integrity of the gastric mucosa is violated, caused by various unfavorable factors (violation of the diet, stress, smoking, etc.), it becomes aggressive.

Helicobacter promotes increased production of hydrochloric acid and the production of various biologically active substances damaging the mucous membrane. It has been proven that Helicobacter pylori is not only the cause of inflammation of the gastric mucosa, gastritis and gastroduodenitis, but also provokes the development of stomach and duodenal ulcers, and in adulthood - stomach cancer.

Currently, among doctors, a very clear position has been established that gastritis is infection caused by helicobacter. You can get infected through food (when eating from the same plate), through the use of common utensils, and also through kissing. A child most often becomes infected in a family where there is a patient with gastritis or an ulcer who is a carrier of Helicobacter.

Clinical forms of gastritis (gastroduodenitis)

Previously, gastritis was divided into hyperacid (high acidity) and hypoacid (low acidity). However, in the light of recent discoveries in medicine, the concept of gastritis has changed somewhat.

Gastroenterologists have identified the main clinical forms gastritis, depending on the reasons that formed it. This separation is important not only because clinical manifestations these forms are somewhat different from each other. The principles of their treatment also differ greatly.

Chronic gastritis type A. Atrophic. An inherited form of gastritis, in which the gastric mucosa is depleted (atrophied), as a result of which gastric juice is secreted in insufficient quantities. The acidity of the stomach is reduced. This form occurs in about 15% of children with gastritis.

Chronic gastritis type B. Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis (HP-associated gastritis). The most common form. Occurs in 70-75% children with gastritis... The cause of gastritis is an infection with helicobacteriosis (see above). A lot of gastric juice is produced, so the acidity in such patients is increased.

Chronic gastritis type C. Reflux gastritis. In such patients, there is a reverse flow of bile from the duodenum, where it normally enters from biliary tract, into the stomach. It occurs in about 10% of sick children.

Rare forms of gastritis (allergic and others). Approximately 3% of children have gastritis.
As you can see from the above, the most common reason gastritis in children is helicobacteriosis.

Clinical manifestations of gastritis (gastroduodenitis)

1. Abdominal pain.

• The intensity is different: from mild to unbearable.
• Localization: in the epigastrium (the place under the ribs, in the middle, where they converge, forming an angle) and in the right hypochondrium (right under the ribs).
• Time of appearance:

On an empty stomach;
- early pain: 20-30 minutes after eating;
- late pain: 40-60 minutes after eating.

• Ratio with food intake:

The so-called Moynigan's rhythm of pain is characteristic (after the name of the doctor who described them): hunger - pain - food intake - relief - hunger - pain, etc.;
- a small amount of food eases the pain;
- increases pain: rich food, fatty and fried foods.

• The pain increases with physical activity (running, jumping, brisk walking, etc.).
• Seasonality of pain: exacerbation of gastritis occurs in September-October and March-April. The appearance of seasonality is observed in children suffering from gastritis for more than 3 years.

Diagnostics of the gastritis (gastroduodenitis)

Into the complex diagnostic examinations necessarily include:

• Ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity.
• EGDS (esophagogastroduodenoscopy) or simply gastroscopy. This is an endoscopic examination. A probe equipped with a special optical system is inserted into the child's stomach, and the doctor can see changes in the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum.
• Methods for determining Helicobacter: breath tests, blood from a vein, bacteriological culture on nutrient media and etc.

Treatment of gastritis (gastroduodenitis) in children

Diet.
General rules:

• Meals 4-5 times a day in modest portions.
• The last meal should be no later than 3 hours before bedtime. At night, you can drink a glass of kefir or eat yogurt.
• Food must be well processed mechanically, and must not be coarse, too cold or hot, so as not to irritate the stomach.
• You can't eat dry food.
• It is necessary to force the child to chew thoroughly.
• Limit salt to 8 g per day. Product exclusion:
• With gastritis / gastroduodenitis with high acidity, products that increase the secretion of gastric juice are not allowed:

Concentrated meat broths.
- Fried, smoked, spicy, fatty foods, pickles.
- Fresh baked goods and dough.
- Fresh white cabbage.
- Dry wine.

• Persimmon.
• Limit whole milk (used in tea, but it is undesirable to drink just like that).

V modern conditions the main enemies of our children's stomachs: Cola (Pepsi-Cola, Coca-Cola, etc.), chips, McDanalds, Rolton-type instant noodles, croutons (Emelya, Three crusts, etc.) etc.), mayonnaise, ketchup, alcohol (beer), tobacco smoke and chewing gum.

• With an exacerbation of gastritis / gastroduodenitis, baby food is best suited: mashed potatoes in jars, porridge. Products for baby food well mechanically processed and fortified, which is optimal for children with a sick stomach.
• Children with gastritis/ gastroduodenitis with high acidity (hyperacid) is traditionally assigned to table number 1 (according to Pevzner), and with reduced (hypoacid) - table number 2.
• During an exacerbation of gastritis / gastroduodenitis with high acidity, it is prescribed:

Table number 1a according to Pevzner for 3-5 days.
- then - table number 16 for 5-7 days.
- then - table number 1 for 1-1.5 months.

Then you can expand. With a successful course, the child is transferred to table number 5.

Depending on the severity of the process and the course of the child's illness, the doctor can choose an individual diet for the child.

Features of the diet for reflux gastritis (the child has a reverse flow of bile from the duodenum into the stomach).

• Before eating, it is recommended to drink or eat a natural slightly acidic product: a sip of acidic juice, diluted apple cider vinegar, a slice of lemon, a slice of tomato. And after 3-5 minutes you can eat.
• The general rules of admission are the same as for all gastritis.
• Products that contribute to the separation of bile are excluded:

Animal fats (butter, lard, fatty meat and fish, caviar, cream, creams, etc.).
- Xylitol and sorbitol are sweeteners. They are often added to shelf-stable foods for flavor enhancement and as preservatives. It is also not recommended to take choleretic herbs (they have a bitter taste).

Drug treatment for gastritis in a child

Means that lower the acidity of gastric juice: antacids (maalox, megalac, almagel A, phospholugel). They contain aluminum and magnesium, which "quench" the acid. Children take these drugs from 6 months of age as directed by a doctor 10-30 minutes before meals or an hour and a half after.

Drugs that reduce the production of gastric juice by the cells of the stomach: ranitidine, zantac, histac, famotidine, gastrocepin, omeprazole, omez, losek. It is possible to take drugs of this group only strictly according to the doctor's prescription, since some of them have a "ricochet" syndrome: when abruptly canceled, the symptoms of the disease intensify.

Restoration of the mucous membrane:

• Venter (Russia, Slovenia). Protects and restores mucous membranes from aggressive effects.
• Deiol (Netherlands). A preparation containing bismuth. It has a double effect: it kills helicobacter and restores the mucous membrane.
• Altsid B (Bulgaria). Phytopreparation, contains extract of licorice roots, chamomile, buckthorn bark, coriander and fennel fruits, bismuth, magnesium, soda. It has both a regenerating mucous membrane and an antacid agent.
• Likviriton (Russia), Biogastron (Germany). Herbal remedies based on licorice roots.

Treatment of helicobacteriosis in children

If the patient is found to have helicobacter pylori, the doctor prescribes a special course of drugs: antibiotics, trichopolum and other antibacterial drugs in various combinations with bismuth drugs (denol), acidity lowering agents (), etc. Usually, the course of treatment is prescribed by a gastroenterologist for 7 days. The doctor selects the drugs, doses and the regimen for their administration.

Vitamins. Prescribe vitamins of group B, vitamins C, A.

Symptomatic treatment of gastritis in a child

• With stagnation of bile - choleretic.
• With reflux - motilium, a debris, which helps to move food in the right direction.
• When - biologics.

Medical treatment for a child is selected by a doctor (pediatrician or gastroenterologist), depending on his individual characteristics and the course of the disease.

Herbal medicine and folk remedies for gastritis

During treatment, it is necessary to change the composition herbal preparations every 2-3 weeks and every 2 months it is imperative to take breaks for 2-3 weeks so that there is no addiction; otherwise, the effectiveness of therapy is reduced.

Acidic gastritis

Herbs are used:

With increased excitability and nervousness of the child: infusions and tinctures of valerian, peony, oregano, motherwort.

To neutralize hydrochloric acid: bird knotweed, calendula, calamus.

For the protection and healing of mucous membranes: plantain, licorice, calendula, elecampane, marshmallow, mallow.
Sources of vitamins: sea buckthorn, wild rose, nettle.

To restore mucous membranes: marshmallow, fireweed, lemon balm, St. John's wort, black currant.

Decoction of rhizomes and roots of elecampane. Pour 15 g of crushed raw materials with 200 ml of boiling water. Boil in a water bath for 15 minutes, cool. Take 1 / 4-1 / 2 cup 3 times a day.

Decoction of calamus rhizomes. Pour 10 g of crushed raw materials with 200 ml of boiling water. Boil in a water bath for 15 minutes, cool. Take 1/4 cup 3 times a day. Good for heartburn.

Infusion of mullein flowers. Brew 10 g of flowers with 200 ml of boiling water. Insist 30-40 minutes. Take 1 teaspoon - 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

Infusion of calendula flowers. Brew 10 g of flowers with 200 ml of boiling water. Insist for 30-40 minutes. Take 1 teaspoon - 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

Infusion of marshmallow root. Brew 6 g of crushed raw materials with 1 glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, cool, strain. Take 1 teaspoon - 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

St. John's wort decoction. Pour 10 g of grass with 200 ml of boiling water. Boil in a water bath for 15 minutes, cool, squeeze. Take 1 / 4-1 / 2 glass 3 times a day. The course is 1-2 months with breaks of 7-14 days.

Lemon balm infusion. Brew 1 tsp. herbs 200 ml boiling water. Insist for 30-40 minutes. Strain, drink throughout the day.

Peppermint infusion. Brew 1 tsp. herbs 200 ml boiling water. Insist for 30-40 minutes. Strain, drink 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day.

Flax seed infusion. Brew 1 tsp. seeds 200 ml of boiling water. Insist for 30-40 minutes. Strain, drink 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day.

Potato juice. Relieves heartburn, nausea, vomiting, reduces pain. Freshly squeezed juice from red potatoes on an empty stomach and before bedtime, 50-100 ml.

Sea buckthorn. Pour 3 tbsp. l. sea ​​buckthorn fruit 500 ml of hot water, boil for 10 minutes over low heat, drain. Add honey to taste and drink as tea, 2-3 glasses a day, preferably on an empty stomach.

Aloe juice. Aloe juice is taken in 1-2 tsp. 2 times a day 30 minutes before meals. The course of gastritis treatment is 1-2 months.

Phyto-collection No. 1:
calamus root-2 parts,
St. John's wort herb - 4 parts,
mint leaves - 1 part,
plantain leaves-2 parts,
licorice root - 2 parts,
tansy flowers - 1 part,
calendula flowers - 2 parts.
Brew 1 tbsp. l. collecting 1 glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, drain. Take 1/3 cup warm 3 times daily before meals.
Phyto-collection No. 2:
St. John's wort herb -1 part,
motherwort herb - 1 part.
Pour 10 g of collection with 200 ml of boiling water. Boil in a water bath for 15 minutes, drain. Take 1 / 4-1 / 2 cup 3 times a day 10-20 minutes after meals.

Phyto-collection No. 3:
flax seed -5 parts,
linden flowers - 5 parts,
licorice root - 5 parts.

Pour 1 tbsp. l. crushed raw materials 1 cup boiling water. Boil over low heat for 5-7 minutes. Insist 8-10 hours, drain. Take 1 glass 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

Phyto-collection No. 4:
marshmallow root - 5 parts,
chamomile flowers - 2 parts,
fennel fruit - 2 parts.

Pour 2 tbsp. l. crushed raw materials 1 cup boiling water. Boil in a water bath for 30 minutes. Cool for 10 minutes at room temperature, drain. Take 1 glass 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

Phyto-collection No. 5:
chamomile flowers - 5 parts,
yarrow herb - 5 parts,
St. John's wort herb - 5 parts,
celandine herb - 3 parts.

Pour 1 tbsp. l. collecting 1 glass of boiling water, boil for 5-7 minutes, leave for 10-12 minutes, drain. Take 1 glass 2-3 times a day.

Phyto-collection No. 6:
licorice root - 3 parts,
peppermint leaves - 3 parts,
flax seed - 3 parts,
fennel fruits -3 parts,
linden flowers - 3 parts.

Pour 1 tbsp. l. chopped raw materials with 1 glass of boiling water, boil for 5-7 minutes, leave for 10-12 minutes, drain. Take 1 glass 2-3 times a day.

Phyto-collection No. 7:
dried grass herb - 1 part,
centaury herb - 1 part,
St. John's wort herb - 1 part.

Brew 1 tbsp. l. collecting 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 10-12 minutes, drain. Drink throughout the day.

Honey. After taking honey, stomach acidity normalizes, heartburn disappears, abdominal pains stop, erosion and ulcers heal. Treatment is possible only if there is no allergy to honey. Take 40 g (adult dose) of pure flower honey, dissolved in 1/3 cup of warm boiled water, 1.5-2 hours before meals or 3 hours after.

Pollen with honey. Mix pollen or bee bread with honey in a 1: 1 ratio. Take 1 teaspoon or 1 dessert spoon 3-4 times a day 1.5-2 hours before meals (the drug is pre-diluted in 50 ml of boiled water and insisted for 2-3 hours). Drink the solution warm, which helps to reduce the acidity. The course of treatment is 3-4 weeks. Then you should take a break for 10-15 days and, if necessary, repeat the course. The effectiveness of treatment is increased if the intake of pollen with honey is combined with herbal medicine.

Decoction of herbs with honey: yarrow, tops of flowering plants - 4 parts,

dill seeds -3 parts,
plantain leaves -3 parts,
rose hips - 2 parts,
St. John's wort herb - 2 parts,
flax seed -1 part,
agrimony grass - 1 part,
dried grass herb - 1 part,
calendula flowers - 1 part,
chamomile flowers - 1 part.

Pour 2 tbsp. l. chopped collection of 500 ml of boiling water, boil over low heat for 2-3 minutes, leave for 1 hour. Strain. Dissolve bees chalk (at the rate of 1 tbsp. L. Per 1 glass of infusion) and drink 1/2 cup warm 4 times a day 1.5-2 hours before meals.

Acid-reduced gastritis

Herbs that stimulate the production of gastric juice: water trefoil leaves, plantain leaves, centaury herb, dandelion root, calamus rhizome. elecampane root, herb of oregano, yarrow, wormwood.

Plantain juice. Take 1 teaspoon - 1 tablespoon 3 times a day 15-30 minutes before meals.

Infusions of wormwood herb. Brew 10 g of herbs with 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 30-40 minutes. Take 1 dessert spoon 3 times a day.
You can use wormwood herb as a tea infuser: brew 1 tsp. herbs in 2 cups of boiling water and leave for 20-30 minutes, drain. The brew is ready. Add sugar or honey to your tea to taste.

Peony tincture (pharmaceutical preparation). Take in 1/3 glass of water at the rate of 1 drop per year of the child's life 2 times a day, morning and evening, 20-30 minutes before meals.
Calamus root powder is taken 3 times a day in a dose from the tip of a teaspoon to 1/2 tsp.

Infusion of shamrock leaves. Brew 10 g of leaves with 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 30-40 minutes, drain. Drink throughout the day.

White cabbage juice. Drink the juice of white cabbage in a warm form, 1/2 cup 2-3 times a day, 1 hour before meals.

Blackcurrant juice. Take 1/2 glass of freshly squeezed juice 3 times a day.

Phyto-collection No. 1:
calamus rhizome -3 parts,
wormwood herb - 1 part,
centaury herb - 2 parts,
shamrock herb - 3 parts,
plantain leaves - 3 parts,
mint leaves - 1 part,
yarrow herb - 1 part,
tansy flowers - 4 parts.

Brew 1 tbsp. l. raw materials 1 cup boiling water. Insist 1 hour, drain. Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day 15-30 minutes before meals. The course of treatment is 1-2 months.

Phyto-collection No. 2:
gentian root - 1 part,
yarrow herb - 1 part,
centaury herb - 1 part.

Brew 1 tsp. raw materials 200 ml of boiling water, insist 1 hour. Take 1 / 4-1 / 2 cup 2 times daily before meals.

Phyto-collection No. 3:
chamomile flowers - 1 part,
wormwood herb - 1 part,
sage leaves - 1 part.

Brew 1 tbsp. l. collecting 1 glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes in a dark place, drain. Take 1/2 cup 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

Phyto-collection No. 4:
dandelion root - 3 parts,
fennel fruit - 1 part.

Brew 1 tbsp. l. collecting 1 glass of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes in a dark place, drain. Take 1/2 cup 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

Phyto-collection No. 5:
centaury herb - 1 part:
three-leaf watch leaves - 1 part,

yarrow herb - 1 part

Pour 1 tbsp. l. collecting 1 glass of boiling water, boil for 5-7 minutes, leave for 20 minutes, drain. Take 1/2 cup 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

Pollen with honey. Mix pollen (or bee bread) with honey in a 1: 1 ratio. Take 1 teaspoon or 1 dessert spoon 3-4 times a day before meals (pre-dilute the drug in 50 ml of boiled water and leave for 2-3 hours). Drink the solution cold, which promotes the secretion of gastric juice and acidity. The course of treatment is 1 month. After a 10-day break, repeat the course.

Mineral water. When exacerbation illness will pass, the child may be prescribed to drink mineral water.

Admission rules:

• Water heated to 40-45 ° C is used, from which you must first release the gas (leave it open for several hours).
• Drinking water begins with half the dose for the first 2-3 days, and then gradually increase the amount to the full dose.
• The course of treatment is 30-45 days. The dose of mineral water for 1 dose is calculated as follows:

With increased acidity:

• Use water "Essentuki No. 20", "Borjomi".
• It is taken one hour after meals 3 times a day.

With low acidity:

• Use water "Essentuki No. 4", "Slavyanovskaya".
• Take 15-20 minutes before meals 3 times a day.

During an exacerbation of the disease, it is not recommended to drink mineral water.

Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining; its causative agent is the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. But other factors also lead to the development of the disease: stress, unbalanced diet. In children, the disease can develop early school age... The symptoms of gastritis are stomach pains, indigestion, nausea.

Symptoms of gastritis in children

The following symptoms are characteristic of gastritis:

1. Abdominal pain. Power pain depends on the stage of the inflammatory process and the characteristics of the child's perception.
2. Feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
3. Feeling of heartburn. Symptom worsens after playing sports or physical activity... Sometimes heartburn spreads up the esophagus to the throat. At the same time, the child's mouth appears sour taste.
4. Frequent belching. The child may regurgitate air or a small portion of the food.
5. Decreases appetite. The child refuses to eat.
6. Pain in the stomach on palpation.
7. Digestive disorders: bloating, constipation or diarrhea, malabsorption of nutrients. As a result, the child may develop hypovitaminosis and anemia.
8. Weight loss, pale color skin, general weakness and fatigue.

Causes of the disease

Most often, gastritis develops in children during the period of active growth or in adolescence. Thus, at risk are children from 6 to 10 years old and from 13 to 17. At this age, the child's body is most vulnerable to adverse factors.
In general, children develop infectious gastritis. The causative agent of the disease is a bacterium.

This microorganism lives on the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum and, in the course of its life, releases toxic substances that affect the mucous membrane. The infectious process leads to the formation of inflammation and erosion.

It is very easy to become infected with the bacterium: it is transmitted from person to person through the household route, for example, when using shared utensils, a towel, or if you kiss your child. However, it is normal the immune system the body inhibits the development of a pathogenic microorganism. The pathological process develops if the general state of health worsens and in the case of exposure to adverse factors.

Factors that lead to the onset of the disease:

Improper nutrition in children is one of the main reasons for the development of gastritis.

Acute and chronic gastritis

Acute form of the disease

Acute gastritis develops very quickly in response to a strong negative effect on the mucous membrane. This form of the disease develops in response to the action of unfavorable environmental factors, in particular, poor-quality nutrition. An infected pathogenic microorganisms food or toxic substances.

In young children, the development of the disease can be triggered by toxic foods that they accidentally swallow. These toxic substances can cause burns or irritation of the stomach lining.

Acute gastritis can take the form of:

• inflammation of the surface layer of the mucous membrane;
• inflammation of the mucous membrane throughout its thickness;
• inflammation with formations of superficial erosion;
• inflammation with a significant degree of destruction of the mucous membrane.

Acute gastritis in a child is manifested by the following symptoms:

• Single or repeated vomiting. As a consequence, dehydration may develop.
• Spasmodic stomach pain.
• General weakness of the body.

Acute gastritis requires timely and appropriate treatment, since with the development of destructive processes, a stomach ulcer can form, and internal bleeding... With a suitable timely treatment all the consequences of gastritis disappear, and the gastric mucosa is completely restored.

Chronic form of the disease

Chronic gastritis in children develops more slowly under the influence of a number of adverse factors. Symptoms in this form of the disease are usually mild. In chronic gastritis, exacerbations periodically occur with more pronounced symptoms. If you stop them, the disease again turns into a sluggish form.
TO chronic gastritis leads the development Helicobacter bacteria pylori. Against the background of an infectious process, a child has a violation of the secretion of gastric juice, an increase or decrease in its acidity. The inflamed mucous membrane is affected by the hydrochloric acid contained in the gastric secretion, and the child exhibits symptoms characteristic of the disease: pain in the stomach, nausea, heartburn, belching.

Treatment of gastritis in children

The child's body is very sensitive and susceptible to negative effects. Therefore, it is best to treat gastritis in children with folk remedies that effectively cope with diseases and contribute overall strengthening and the improvement of the body. Diet is also key in treating gastritis.

Diet for gastritis in children

A balanced diet reduces the stress on the stomach and irritation of the mucous membranes and promotes a speedy recovery.

What can children do with gastritis?

• Porridge (oatmeal, buckwheat, rice). Porridge should be cooked in water.
• Vegetable mashed soups and purees.
• Vegetable stew.
• A small amount of non-acidic fresh fruit. Oven-baked apples or pumpkin can be eaten in unlimited quantity
• Vegetable oil is the best choice for fats.
• For drinking, herbal teas or non-acidic compotes from fresh fruits or dried fruits, weak cocoa, and still mineral water are better suited.

Alternative medicine recommends avoiding meat and fish dishes, however, with the traditional approach to the diet, children are allowed steam cutlets from lean meats (chicken, rabbit or beef) or fish, and you can also use meat and fish broths for making soups and cereals.

What is prohibited for children with gastritis?

• Fatty foods: fatty meats and fish, animal fats.
• Rich broths.
• Smoked meats, pickled foods, salty, spicy and peppered dishes. It would be most correct to cook dishes without adding spices and salt at all.
• Fresh vegetables. It is also better to limit the consumption of fresh fruits, as their fiber irritates the mucous membranes.
• Sour fruits and juices.
• Fresh pastries: bread, rolls.
• Sweets: chocolate, candy, cookies. It is better to replace sugar with honey.
• Dairy products.

It is especially important to observe correct diet at the beginning of the development of the disease, in its most acute period. With the weakening of symptoms, an expansion of the diet is allowed, the gradual inclusion of new dishes and products. At the same time, the child's nutrition must remain correct and balanced. Only in this case it is possible to avoid exacerbation of gastritis in the future.

Treatment with folk remedies

Features of therapy for the disease depend on the form of the disease and may differ for gastritis with increased and decreased acidity. In general, the treatment of the disease is aimed at relieving inflammation, normalizing the acidity of gastric juice and restoring the gastric mucosa.

Treatment with herbal decoctions should be long-term (one course lasts 2 months, after which you can take a break of 3 weeks). Taking drugs should be regular. In this case, it is important to change the agent used every 2-3 weeks, otherwise the body will develop addiction, and the treatment with medicinal decoctions will cease to work. Herbal decoctions are taken daily. The optimal frequency is three times a day before meals. It is important that the treatment is comprehensive and includes drugs that have different effects.

Treatment of gastritis with high acidity

Neutralization of excess hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions is provided by: bird knotweed, calamus and calendula.
The restoration of the mucous membrane is facilitated by: calendula, black currant, marshmallow, licorice, St. John's wort, elecampane, mallow, plantain, lemon balm, fireweed, flax seeds.
The body is enriched with vitamins: wild rose, nettle, sea buckthorn.
In case of increased irritability, excitability, sleep problems in a child against the background of gastritis, soothing herbs are used: valerian, peony, motherwort, oregano.

1. Elecampane. 15 g of chopped roots are poured with a glass of boiling water and simmered for a quarter of an hour. Give the child a quarter or half glass three times a day.
2. Air. For 200 ml of water, take 10 g of crushed rhizomes, boil for a quarter of an hour. Give the child a quarter of a glass to drink. This drug is good for treating heartburn.
3. Calendula. 10 g of calendula color is insisted for half an hour in a glass of boiling water in a water bath. Give the child 1 tsp. or 1 tbsp. l. drugs.
4. Altay. 6 g of finely chopped root is poured with a glass of boiling water and infused for 30 minutes. Take 1 tsp. or 1 tbsp. l. broth.
5. St. John's wort. 10 g of dried herbs are boiled in 200 ml of water for 15–20 minutes. Take a quarter or half a glass.
6. Melissa and mint. Take 1 tsp into a glass of boiling water. dried herb of lemon balm or peppermint. Insist half an hour. The broth is given to the child for several sips during the day, and the next day is prepared fresh.
7. Flax seeds. Take 1 tsp into a glass of boiling water. seeds, insist for half an hour, then shake thoroughly and filter. You need to take 1 tbsp. l.
8. Sea buckthorn. 3 tbsp. l. fruits are poured with half a liter of boiling water and boiled for 10 minutes. Cool and add honey to taste. You can drink 2-3 glasses of broth per day instead of tea.

In addition to herbal decoctions for gastritis, freshly squeezed vegetable juices are useful: cabbage, potato. They should be drunk ¼ glass twice a day before meals.

Treatment of gastritis with low acidity

For the treatment of the disease, herbs that stimulate the production of gastric juice are used. These herbs include: water shamrock, plantain, centaury, calamus, elecampane, yarrow, dandelion root, oregano, wormwood, black currant juice.

1. Sagebrush. Take 10 g of dried herbs in a glass of boiling water, insist for half an hour. You need to take 1 tsp. facilities.
2. Shamrock. 10 g of dried leaves are poured with a glass of boiling water, insisted for half an hour. Give several sips to drink during the day.
3. Plantain juice. Fresh leaves this plant is crushed, squeezed out the juice. The child is given from 1 tsp. up to 1 tbsp. l. juice half an hour before meals.

Honey treatment

Honey is one of the most effective treatments for gastritis. This product must be added to medicinal herbal decoctions at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. on a glass of medicine. Fresh natural honey of high quality is chosen for therapy.
Honey therapy is different for gastritis with excess or insufficient production of hydrochloric acid.

If the acidity is increased, the child is given herbal medicines with honey or a product dissolved in boiled water to drink an hour and a half before a meal or an hour and a half after.

If hydrochloric acid is not produced enough, decoctions with honey, taken a quarter of an hour before meals, stimulate its additional production and increase the acidity of gastric secretions.

Prevention of gastritis in children

To prevent the development of gastritis or exacerbation of the chronic form of the disease, it is important to be attentive to the health of your child.

It is necessary to monitor the nutrition of the child. It must be balanced, contain everything necessary for a full child development components: proteins, fats (preferably vegetable), carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.

The child should eat regularly and food homemade, eat first courses often. Fast foods, dry food should be avoided.