Diet for a child after an intestinal poisoning infection. Diet for children with intestinal infection

Acute intestinal infections ( OKI) currently occupy the second place in the structure of infectious morbidity in children after acute respiratory infections. Morbidity rate OKI in children, 2.5-3 times higher than in adults, with half of the reported cases OKI accounted for by children early age(up to 3 years old). OKI caused by various viruses, bacteria and protozoa. Clinical picture intestinal infections in children are characterized by general infectious symptoms: fever, lethargy, feeling unwell, refusal to eat and symptoms of damage to the gastrointestinal tract (abdominal pain, vomiting, loose stools). You can get an intestinal infection in three ways: food (alimentary) - when eating infected foods containing the pathogen and / or its toxins (waste products of microorganisms); water - when swimming in open reservoirs and swallowing water, drinking poor-quality water for domestic needs (washing hands, dishes, vegetables and fruits) and by household contact (through dirty hands and care items). The severity of the flow OKI can range from mild to severe with the development of life-threatening conditions (acute renal failure when kidney function is severely impaired). Under light forms intestinal infections are understood as cases of the disease occurring during normal or subfebrile temperature(37.2-37.7 degrees C), characterized by one or two vomiting and liquefied or mushy stools up to 3-5 times a day, and the symptoms of the disease usually disappear in 2-3 days. Moderate forms OKI characterized by high fever, repeated vomiting, frequent loose stools, the development of dehydration (dehydration). The duration of the disease is 5-7 days or more. For heavy forms OKI characterized by indomitable vomiting, stools without counting, a temperature above 38.0 degrees C, severe dehydration, the development of seizures, etc. The danger of intestinal infections primarily consists in the development of dehydration in the child due to repeated vomiting and loose stools.

Is your body dehydrated?

Table 1 shows the clinical symptoms by which parents can independently assess the severity of dehydration in a child. First of all, attention is paid to the child's behavior, the presence of thirst, the condition of the mucous membranes (dry bright lips, dryish tongue, the presence or absence of tears when crying, etc.), it is also necessary to assess how often the child urinates and try to determine the volume of fluid secreted (for example, use a container to collect urine with a known volume, weigh diapers). Table 1 Signs of dehydration in children

Sign Dehydration rate I degree II degree III degree Condition and behavior of the child Unchanged or restless Restless or lethargic, sleepy Lethargic, constantly asleep Thirst Drinks willingly, Greedily Drinks greedily Refuses to drink Oral mucous membranes Wet Bright, dryish Dry Skin fold on the abdomen (if you collect the skin of the baby's abdomen in a fold, and then let go, then it ...) Straightens instantly Straightens in 1-2 seconds Spreads out for more than 2 seconds Eyeballs Not changed Not altered or sunken Severely sunken Amount of urine Common Reduced Very rarely urinates

Please note that if the child has vomiting, loose stools, abdominal pain, fever, a pediatrician should be called to him. Since, firstly, life-threatening conditions can develop rapidly, and secondly, such symptoms can occur not only in acute intestinal infections, but also in surgical diseases organs of the abdominal cavity, small pelvis and other diseases (for example, meningitis - inflammation of the membranes of the brain, pneumonia - inflammation of the lungs). It is important to determine in a timely manner true reason the appearance of vomiting in the baby, loose stools, abdominal pain, etc.

Treatment approaches

In a complex of treatment methods OKI at all stages of the disease, one of the key roles belongs replenishment of fluid and salt losses (rehydration) in the body , and diet therapy ... Replenishment of fluid and salt losses can be achieved in two ways, depending on the severity of the child's condition and the degree of dehydration. With moderately severe dehydration (I and I-II degrees; see table. 1), fractional soldering of the child is performed ( oral rehydration) with severe dehydration (II and II-III degree; see table 1), or with repeated, multiple vomiting, you have to resort to intravenous drip of fluid.

First aid Even before the arrival of the doctor, parents can provide first aid to a sick child. It must be started by lowering the temperature (if it is above 38.5 degrees C): undress the child, wipe off with cool water, and / or you can put an antipyretic suppository (based on paracetamol) or in the absence of repeated vomiting - orally (through the mouth) give the funds based on paracetamol or ibuprofen in the form of a syrup or tablet (grind into powder) in an age-specific dose. Next, you need to give the child to take enterosorbent - a drug that removes pathogens and products of their vital activity from the body ( SMEKTA, STI FILTER, POLIFEPAN, ENTEROSGEL etc.) and proceed with oral rehydration therapy.

Replenish fluid loss (Rehydration rules)

For oral rehydration, both salt-free solutions are used: rice broth, boiled water, tea with a small amount of sugar, unconcentrated raisin broth, and special glucose-salt solutions, which it is advisable to always have in your home medicine cabinet ( REGIDRON, GLUCOSALAN, CITROGLUCOSALAN, GALACTIN). In addition, at present, the pharmacy chain has a ready-made carrot-rice broth for soldering children. ОРС-200 (ORS-200)... A mixture for the preparation of a saline solution can be prepared at home: for 1 liter of boiled water, take 20.0-40.0 g of sugar, 3.5 g table salt and 2.5 g of baking soda, and to add potassium 1 / 3-1 / 2 part of the water is replaced with raisin or carrot broth. To prepare carrot broth, you need to take 200 g of peeled carrots, chop, pour 1 liter cold water, bring to a boil and simmer for 20 minutes. Then rub the carrots through a sieve, pour in the carrot broth and bring the volume of the resulting mixture to 1 liter with boiled water, cool. If the child does not allergic reactions for citrus fruits, you can squeeze ј-1/3 lemon into the mixture . Raisin broth is prepared from 100-150 g of carefully washed raisins (better than white varieties) and 1 liter of water, brought to a boil, cooked for 20 minutes, filtered and cooled to room temperature. The ratio of glucose-salt solutions (rehydron, ORS-200) to salt-free solutions (tea, water) during oral rehydration should be as follows: 1: 1 - with severe fluid loss with loose watery stools; 2: 1 - with loss of fluid mainly with vomit; 1: 2 - with a combination of fluid loss with loose stools and elevated temperature body. It is recommended to alternate the giving of glucose-salt and salt-free solutions, and it is undesirable to mix them. A common mistake is the use of only glucose-salt solutions for oral rehydration, for example, when a child is given up to 800-1000 ml of rehydron solution per day to drink, which only leads to increased diarrhea, due to an increase in the concentration of salts in the intestinal contents, which leads to additional release of water in intestinal lumen. Oral rehydration is usually divided into two stages: Stage I- the first 6 hours from the start of treatment; it is necessary to eliminate the water-salt deficiency in the body resulting from dehydration, and II stage- This is supportive rehydration, which is carried out for the entire subsequent period of treatment, taking into account daily requirement a child in fluids and salts and their continued loss with vomiting, loose stools. The second stage of oral rehydration is carried out until the diarrhea and vomiting stop. The approximate volume of solution for rehydration maintenance is from 80 to 100 ml / kg of the child's body weight per day. The approximate volume of liquid required for drinking the baby can be determined from Table 2, but first of all, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of the attending physician. table 2 Calculation of the required amount of fluid for oral rehydration with dehydration in children

Body weight, kg Solution amount, ml Dehydration I degree Dehydration grade II In 1 hour in 6 hours in 1 hour in 6 hours 5 42 250 66 400 10 83 500 133 800 15 125 750 200 1200 20 167 1000 266 1600 25 208 1250 333 2000

The most important principle of oral rehydration is the fragmentation of the introduction of fluid, for this, parents must be patient and give the child to drink in small portions after 10-12 minutes. A child under the age of one year can be given up to 5.0 ml (1 teaspoon) of liquid at a time, from 1 to 3 years old - up to 10.0 ml (two teaspoons or 1 dessert spoon), older children - up to 15.0 ml (1 tablespoon). The child must be given liquid from a spoon, you can pour it over the cheek from a syringe (of course, without a needle) or pour the required one-time volume of liquid into a small horn, you should not give the child a cup with a large volume of liquid, since the baby has a thirst, he can drink on his own a lot of liquid (80.0-150.0 ml) and thus provoke vomiting.

If oral rehydration for any reason turned out to be ineffective, the child's condition worsens, dehydration increases, etc., then there are direct indications for hospitalization of the baby in the hospital, where he will be prescribed infusion therapy (intravenous administration of glucose-salt and colloidal (protein) solutions). Once the condition has stabilized, oral rehydration will continue. V individual cases in a hospital, rehydration is carried out by placing a probe into the stomach, that is, the solutions slowly drip into the child's gastrointestinal tract (GIT) within 12-18 hours.

Diet therapy

Rational nutrition or diet therapy is the most important part of the treatment of children suffering from acute intestinal infections, since with inadequate nutrition, the formation of prolonged diarrhea, the development of malnutrition (weight loss), lactase deficiency (intolerance to milk carbohydrates), etc. The basis of diet therapy is a rational diet and diet correction depending on the phase of the disease. It has been proven that even with severe forms intestinal infections, the digestive and absorbing function of the intestine is preserved, and the long-term presence of the child without food (the so-called water-tea breaks, which were previously widely practiced in the treatment of intestinal infections), on the contrary, leads to a delay in the recovery processes in the gastrointestinal mucosa, contributes to the development of protein-caloric deficiency , weight loss. Adequate selection of food contributes to an increase in the general resistance of the body and a favorable outcome OKI in children. Consequently, the most important principle of modern diet therapy is the rejection of water-tea breaks. The amount and type of food is determined by the age of the child, the nature of the previous feeding, the severity and phase of the underlying disease, the presence of concomitant diseases. Children are fed in accordance with the age regimen; a night break in feeding must be observed. The baby should not be force-fed. In milder forms OKI It is recommended to reduce the daily amount of food for 1-2 days by 15-20% and increase the frequency of meals by 1-2 feedings, the missing amount of food must be replenished with liquid. By 3-4 days of illness, the amount of food is gradually restored. With a moderate course of intestinal infections food is given in 5-6 doses, for 2-3 days the daily ration is reduced by 20-30%, with the restoration of the amount of nutrition occurs by 4-5 days of illness. With severe forms OKI you can skip 1-2 feedings, then you need to switch to fractional feeding with a decrease in the daily amount of food by 40-50%, and, starting from the 3-4th day of illness, the volume of food gradually increases and by 6-8 days of illness, it is completely restored. Children of the first year of life For children of the first year of life, carrying OKI, the optimal type of food is breast milk, since it contains a huge number of protective factors (immunoglobulin A, lysozyme, interferon, lactoferrin, etc.), which are extremely necessary for a child with an intestinal infection. However, the principle of “free feeding” during the acute phase of the disease is not acceptable, since “random and constant” attachment of the baby to the breast most often leads to the emergence or intensification of vomiting, regurgitation and diarrhea. It is necessary to increase the frequency of feeding by 1-3 times a day, shorten the interval between feedings and, accordingly, reduce by ј-1/3 the volume of milk sucked out at a time in comparison with the volume eaten before the illness. The amount of breast milk that a baby receives in one feeding can be controlled by weighing the baby before and after feeding, calculating the difference in body weight, which will be the amount eaten, and in some cases, the baby can be fed with expressed breast milk. Children with OKI who are on artificial feeding, with easy course diseases, you can continue to use infant formula that the child received before the disease. Good healing effect has the inclusion of adapted fermented milk mixtures in the child's diet ("NAN SOUR MILK", liquid fermented milk mixtures "AGUSHA 1", "GALLIA LACTOFIDUS" etc.), children over 8 months old in nutrition may include partially adapted fermented milk mixtures ("AGUSHA 2", "NAN 6-12 WITH BIFIDOBACTERIA", acidophilic mixture "MALUTKA" etc.) and unadapted dairy products for baby food ("BIFIDOKEFIR", "LACTOKEFIR", "BIFILAKT", CHILDREN'S KEFIR - "AISTENOK", "AGUSHA", "THEMA"). At moderate course intestinal infections, in food for children up to a year, according to the doctor's prescription, low-lactose ("NUTRILON LOW-LACTOSY", "HUMANA LP", "HUMANA LP + SCT", "NUTRILAC LOW-LACTOSY") or lactose-free mixtures ("MAMEX UNLACTOSE", "NAN UNLACTOSY", "NUTRILAC UNLACTOSED", any soy protein blends). Selection of food for a child with severe form OKI is complex and strictly individual, often in diet therapy, therapeutic hydrolyzate mixtures are used, in which protein molecules are additionally broken down ("FRISOPEP", "NUTRILON PEPTI TSC", "DAMIL PEPTI", "NUTRAMIGEN"). In addition to increasing the frequency of feedings and reducing the amount of food eaten in children under the age of 1.5 years, it is customary to return to a diet characteristic of more younger age... For example, if a child at the age of 8 months received two complementary foods (porridge and vegetables), then in case of illness OKI it is necessary to leave only porridge cooked in water in the diet. The approximate amount and mode of nutrition required in acute period children of the first year of life can be determined using Table 3. The intervals between feedings and the amount of food one-time and daily in this table depend both on the age of the child and on the severity of the course of the disease (what less child and the more severe his condition, the less the volume of a single feed and the intervals between them). Table 3 Calculation of the amount of food assigned to a child of the first year of life with acute intestinal infection

Older children Nutrition for children over one year old with OKI carried out according to the same principles as for children of the first year of life. When preparing food, the principle of mechanical and chemical sparing of the gastrointestinal tract must be observed: all dishes should be boiled or steamed, preferably in the form of mashed potatoes or mashed dishes (mashed potatoes, mashed cereals, soufflés, omelets), jelly with the use of natural berries, especially blueberries, dried fruit compotes (with the exception of prunes). In the acute period OKI food is not recommended , rich in dietary fiber and leading to increased bowel function, enhancing the secretion of bile, leading to fermentation processes in the intestine. These products include:

• whole milk;
• whole milk porridge;
• Rye bread and rye crackers;
• yoghurts, fermented baked milk, cream;
• vegetables and fruits rich in dietary fiber (white cabbage, sauerkraut, beets, cucumbers, radishes, turnips, radishes, lettuce, spinach, grapes, plums, apricots);
• legumes, mushrooms, nuts;
• rich bakery and confectionery products;
• salting, smoking, marinades;
• carbonated drinks;
• fatty meats and poultry;
• fatty fish;
• strong meat and fish broths.

The maximum mechanical and chemical sparing of the gastrointestinal tract should be observed only in the acute period. OKI, in the first 2-4 days, followed by a gradual expansion of the diet. Further, you no longer need to thoroughly grind food, you can give meatballs, steam cutlets, boiled fish, eggs, soups in low-fat broth, porridge in milk diluted with water (1: 1), fresh apples without peel, bananas. The range should be gradually expanded bakery products: you can start giving crackers, made yourself from "gray" breads, drying and "dry" cookies (for example, "Maria" cookies), biscuits. After 2-3 weeks, these dishes can be gradually replaced with pastries. Many parents find it difficult to restore appetite and digestion in children within 2-3 weeks after suffering OKI... At the stage of recovery, the diet should be enriched with lactic acid products (with additives of pro- and prebiotics) with the exclusion of coarse vegetable fiber and limitation of whole milk, broths, canned food, products with chemical additives (including carbonated drinks, chips, croutons, etc.) ). Thus, adherence to all the simple listed principles of nutrition and treatment for acute intestinal infections will help your baby recover from least impact for health, and further successfully grow and develop.

Whole milk is milk, during the processing of which none of its components has been changed qualitatively and / or quantitatively - proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and mineral salts.

Probiotics - live or dried cultures of "beneficial" bacteria (lacto-, bifidobacteria), usually existing in the human gastrointestinal tract. Prebiotics are indigestible food ingredients that help improve health by selectively stimulating the growth and / or activity of one or more groups of bacteria that live in the gut.

- This is the most common type of disease. Especially often residents of hot countries suffer from them. In our latitudes, these are activated in summer and autumn. But isolated outbreaks of the disease are recorded year-round.

Their pathogens can be divided into three large groups:

1. viruses (, noroviruses);
2. bacteria (salmonella, Escherichia coli, Proteus);
3. protozoa (, balantidia).

Children are most susceptible to intestinal infections, be they viruses or bacteria. Their treatment is always serious problem... Indeed, in order to level the symptoms of the disease, you need not only to take the drugs recommended by the pediatrician, but also to follow an adequate diet. What to feed a child during this difficult period will be discussed in our article.

Diet principles

Meals should be easily digestible and varied in taste. After all, a sick baby is already difficult to force to eat. Here are the principles of a childhood diet for infectious diarrhea:

1. The diet should be followed during illness and 2 weeks after recovery. It is this time that the intestinal mucosa needs to finally recover from the attack of an infectious agent.
2. With severe vomiting, food provokes new attacks. Therefore, before eating, they must be docked.
3. In order not to provoke vomiting and diarrhea, food should be taken in small portions, but often.
4. In severe cases of the disease, the daily amount of food is reduced by 50%. But stopping food entirely is the wrong tactic. After all, the body needs nutrients to fight bacteria. And digestion in the intestines does not stop even with the most severe inflammatory process.
5. Food should be served in a form that is easily accessible to the intestines: puree. It is recommended to steam it (boiling is also allowed).
6. It is important that it contains a sufficient amount of protein.
7. Substances that stimulate intestinal motility and the activity of the digestive glands are excluded from the diet. In addition, you should not eat foods that cause fermentation and gas formation.
8. With inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and after past illness the activity of the enzyme lactase decreases. Therefore, for 2 weeks after the illness, the use of whole milk is prohibited.

Failure to comply with this rule causes fermentation processes in the intestine, and in remote period lactase deficiency may develop.

1. Fermented milk products, on the contrary, are actively included in the baby's diet. Lactic acid and lactophilic bacteria contained in high-quality biokefir and yoghurt have a toxic effect on pathogenic microflora. In addition, such products are rich in amino acids and vitamins (B, C), which are necessary for the construction of new cells of the intestinal epithelium.

5 main you can't

1. A child with an intestinal infection has a decreased enzymatic activity. He cannot adequately digest fatty foods. Therefore, fatty meats (pork, lamb, chicken legs and wings) and fish (salmon, trout, mackerel) are prohibited.
2. You can not use black bread and fresh baked goods. Black bread enhances peristalsis, and baked bread increases intestinal fermentation. The use of black crackers is especially dangerous.
3. Strong broths should not be used. The reason is enzyme deficiency.

In children under 1-1.5 years of age, enzyme deficiency is normal. Their feeding must be approached with special care.

1. Do not eat fresh vegetables and fruits. They stimulate peristaltic bowel movements, and diarrhea takes a protracted course.
2. Juices, berries and sweets (sweets, cakes, chocolate) are prohibited.

What is

In the acute period of the disease with severe vomiting and diarrhea, you can feed the child with porridge in the water. For this, rice, corn and buckwheat are suitable. It is better to start with rice, and after stool normalization, move on to other cereals. Oatmeal enhances intestinal fermentation. It is not recommended to give it in the first days of illness. You should also avoid pearl barley and millet groats.

Also, lean meat should be present in the diet. It could be a turkey chicken breast, veal or rabbit meat. The meat is steamed or boiled. After that, it must be ground, for example, in a blender. It is permissible to include meat patties or soufflés in the children's menu. Meat dishes are introduced only after cereals and with relative normalization of the stool.

Children from one year old can use special canned meat for baby food.

Gradually, yogurt, cottage cheese and kefir are introduced into the diet. The principle of adding fermented milk products is similar to the introduction of complementary foods in babies. The product is given in one spoonful, the next day we increase the dose by 2 times. If the condition does not worsen, the stool does not change its consistency, and there are no abdominal pains, then consumption can be brought up to the age norm.

It is advisable to leave vegetables and fruits for last. They are steamed and baked. Simply put, they are served only thermally processed. When serving, it is also better to puree them. First, it is better to introduce zucchini, pumpkin, broccoli into the diet, cauliflower, carrots and potatoes. These vegetables are best absorbed.

After a week of a strict diet, it is permissible to diversify food with boiled yolk and a steam omelet. White and gray croutons, dry unsweetened biscuits are also quite safe.

After an infection, the diet expands gradually. The drastic introduction of a new product into a large number can provoke an attack of vomiting or diarrhea.

What drink

Vomiting and diarrhea, accompanying any intestinal infection, lead to severe dehydration. In children, it comes on faster.

At the first symptoms of dehydration, urgent hospitalization is required.

Rotavirus is the best known and most common intestinal infection that children most often get. This is the so-called dirty hand disease. The main reason intestinal infection children have dirty hands or unwashed foods that are consumed by the child. Other reasons are thermally unprocessed foods, raw water from unexplored sources, and general use of household and hygiene items. A speedy recovery is helped by a diet with intestinal flu in children.

Symptoms and first aid

The first symptoms that appear in a child are nausea, frequent vomiting, and diarrhea. Children complain of abdominal pain, their temperature rises, and weakness appears.

In this case, first of all, isolate the child from the rest of the family, especially other children, since the disease is contagious. Be sure to give a drink: just boiled water, mineral water or dried fruit compote. Mint tea works well for reducing nausea. You can also use special therapeutic solutions to replenish not only fluid in the child's body, but also mineral substances that are lost with vomiting and diarrhea.

Dehydration during illness is especially dangerous for a child's body, especially for young children.

Drink should be given little by little, about 1–2 tsp. every 5-10 minutes to relieve gagging. For children, it is compulsory to call a pediatrician at home. In case of serious concerns for the health of the baby, call an ambulance.

Nutrition rules

In the past, doctors advised even young children on fasting therapy. Now this practice has been abandoned. It is believed that such a measure is not useful for preschool and younger children. school age, and especially a one-year-old baby. The disease greatly weakens protective function in a child, he needs strength to fight the infection. Therefore, he needs food for a quick recovery of the body.

Basic principles:

• Nutrition should be sparing. Food should not irritate the walls of the esophagus and stomach mechanically (food in a puree form or in the form of small soft pieces) and chemically (no hot spices, fatty and fried foods);
• You should eat often, about 5-6 times a day, but in very small portions. For very young children, increase the number of meals up to 8 times a day;
• Food should be boiled or steamed;
• Food should not be cold or hot, about 35-37 degrees;
• Dr. Komarovsky advises to include in the diet lactose-free or low-lactose fermented milk products with bifidobacteria.

Diet during intestinal infection

If the disease has overtaken a child who is on breastfeeding, it is not recommended to cancel it. Mother's milk will only speed up the healing process, increase his immunity. The patient needs to be applied to the breast more often, because the baby will not suck out the normal amount of milk at one time, because he gets tired quickly.

If the baby is bottle-fed, you should also not change his diet and formula. Sometimes it is advised to transfer to a low-lactose fermented milk mixture containing bifidobacteria. If complementary foods are present in the baby's diet, it needs to be reduced or completely removed for a while.

On the first day of the disease, when there is frequent vomiting, you can not feed, but only actively drink your child. Offer your child warm tea without sugar, dried fruit compote. After, when the frequency of vomiting decreases, you can start feeding the baby. You should not force to eat, the appetite is still low.

Serve food extremely warm, not hot. Such a gentle diet has a positive effect on general condition baby.

Food should be warm (never hot or cold), boiled or steamed.

The portion itself should be small: half or a third below the norm. The frequency of meals should be increased. The child's diet should be varied, but consist of those foods that the doctor permits. A properly formulated diet for intestinal infection in children can only be selected by a qualified medical specialist.

What foods are prohibited

All fried, salty, spicy foods, any smoked meats, sausages and preservation should be excluded from the child's menu. From vegetables and fruits with an intestinal infection, it is forbidden to eat fresh herbs, all legumes, fresh fruits and vegetables - beets, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes. It is worth giving up mushrooms and nuts. Sour berries and fruits should be avoided.

From flour products, you should not give fresh bread, as well as rye flour bread, all pastries, cakes and pastries. Sweets need to be sharply limited: exclude sweets, chocolate, sweet cookies. And also do not offer your child packaged juices from the store, coffee. Fatty meat and strong meat broth- not the most the best way for a diet with intestinal infection. Milk and kefir should not be consumed from dairy products.

Allowed Products

Nutrition for intestinal infection with a competent approach can be varied. The main helpers in this disease are porridge cooked in water and without butter, as well as lean meats (chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal). For young children, meat can be mashed in jars purchased from a baby food store.

From cereals, rice, buckwheat, corn, oatmeal should be included in the diet. It is advisable to grind the porridge so as not to injure the esophagus. The soup should be cooked in a fat-free broth made from vegetables and lean varieties of fish and meat. All vegetables must be boiled or steamed. Of the fruits, only apples and bananas in the form of mashed potatoes are allowed; apples must be baked in the oven. In the form of mashed potatoes, you need to use vegetables, boiled or steamed: potatoes, broccoli, pumpkin.

From flour products allowed white dried bread in the form of crackers, biscuit biscuits, crackers. Vegetable oil for intestinal flu is allowed only in a very limited amount. From drinks, doctors advise to use compotes from dried fruits and berries, jelly homemade as well as unsweetened tea, cocoa. Sour milk products with rotavirus should be low in fat.

Diet after infection

A sparing diet after intestinal flu should be followed for about 2 weeks. All permitted foods must be introduced into the child's diet carefully, starting with half a serving. If the product has not caused a deterioration in the baby's condition, then a full portion can be given.

The porridge must be continued to cook in water. While the baby has loose stools, it is better to give rice from cereals. Milk should not be drunk for at least 2 weeks, since there are almost no enzymes that break down milk in the patient's intestines. This will only worsen the condition. To improve the intestinal microflora, it is worth taking sorbents.

It is very useful to give mashed banana and apple after the end of the main symptoms. They contain pectin, which helps cleanse the intestines from harmful bacteria... The fat content of fermented milk products can be gradually increased. From sweets, you can offer your child marshmallow, marshmallow or marmalade.

Gradually, it is worth moving from puree food to food with small pieces. If you eat only mashed potatoes, then the intestines are already sluggishly starting to work, it needs to be stirred up a little.

In conclusion, I would like to note that intestinal flu in children is a frequent phenomenon. It is more difficult to transfer by the child's body, therefore it requires careful attention. Intestinal infection treatment and special diet must be observed simultaneously. Treatment without a diet will take a long time.

Doctors strongly advise to carry out preventive measures, in order to further minimize the risk of intestinal infection. You need to wash your hands more often after walking, before eating, and after using the toilet.

It is forbidden to swim in places not intended for this. Food, as well as water, must be thermally processed: boil milk and water, do not eat raw eggs... It is imperative to monitor the expiration date of products, and ready meals must be stored in the refrigerator.

The correct diet for intestinal flu in children is the key to a speedy recovery. Do not neglect the rules prescribed by doctors.

Intestinal infections are not uncommon, especially during the warmer months. During this period, a lot of vegetables, fruits and berries appear in the human diet, which are not always washed with high quality. And the rest of the products deteriorate quickly in the summer and can become a breeding ground for infection. Pathogenic microorganisms have a bad effect on the entire body, but most of all suffer digestive organs ... A sick person suffers from nausea and vomiting, severe diarrhea worries him. Medicines are used to relieve acute symptoms, but diet therapy helps to fully recover from an illness. Diet for intestinal infections in adults and children plays an important role during the rehabilitation period.

Symptoms of the disease

Intestinal infection can be spread by airborne droplets, household and fecal-oral... This means that you can get infected in transport, a store or while walking on the street. Younger children are more susceptible to the pathogen. Infection often occurs in large groups of children in kindergartens, schools or children's camps. This is due to the good resistance of microbes to external influence... Pathogenic sticks die when exposed to strong heat or under the influence of disinfectants.

The symptomatology of the disease is specific, it is difficult to confuse it with something else. The following disorders are observed:

• Nausea and indomitable vomiting. When the stomach is completely empty, vomiting of gastric juice begins.
• Stool disorder begins after a couple of hours... The stool is watery, with particles of mucus and blood, and has a very offensive odor.
• The patient's temperature can reach high levels.
• The skin becomes bluish, indicating dehydration.
• Paroxysmal cutting pains are observed in the abdomen.

Sometimes in young children and adults similar symptoms can give inflamed appendicitis, so the patient must be examined by a doctor in order to exclude a dangerous pathology.

First aid

First aid for intestinal infections begins to be provided immediately as soon as appear unpleasant symptoms... Rendering protocol emergency care such:

1. Thoroughly wash the stomach with a solution of potassium permanganate or slightly salted water. For children under 2 years of age, it is advisable to perform such a procedure in a hospital setting.
2. A cleansing enema is made, for which they take a solution of a pharmacy rehydron or a decoction of chamomile. If these medicines not at hand, then ordinary clean water will do.
3. After acute symptoms subside, the patient is given adsorbents.

To prevent dehydration of the body, the patient should be given a lot to drink.... For this purpose, you can use a solution of rehydron, which can restore the balance of trace elements. Little children this medicinal product do not drink very willingly. Moreover, the unpleasant taste of Rehydron can provoke a new attack of vomiting. Therefore, to solder the babies, they take a drink that tastes more pleasant.

What tasks does diet therapy perform?

In the process of rehabilitation after an intestinal infection, it is necessary to adhere to diet food ... Diet therapy helps:

• avoid dehydration of the body, which can occur due to profuse vomiting and diarrhea;
• completely exclude heavy foods from the diet that irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines;
• restore nutrients and trace elements lost during illness at the expense of products.

The patient's menu includes only fresh and natural products that are rich in vitamins. All food should be light and highly digestible..

Therapeutic fasting

The patient should not be fed during the first day after the first symptoms of intestinal infection appear.... During this time, only water and other drinks are given to prevent dehydration. As a rule, a person with poisoning has no appetite at all, therefore therapeutic fasting will not inconvenience him. During the day of fasting, the intestines of a child and an adult are slightly restored after an intestinal infection.

If the child does not want to eat, do not force him. Eating through force will not bring any benefit, but a repeated attack of vomiting can provoke.

What is allowed to drink

Food for intestinal infection should contain plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration... It is necessary to solder the patient in fractional portions, but very often. They give clean drinking water, decoctions of dried fruits, compotes and jelly. You can boil cocoa in water, offer black or green tea... All these drinks contain active substances that reduce intestinal motility and prevent flatulence.

Stories from our readers

Vladimir
61 years

I clean the vessels consistently every year. I started doing this when I turned 30, because the pressure was not to hell. Doctors only shrugged their hands. I had to take care of my health myself. I tried different methods, but one helps me especially well ...
Read more >>>

Children who are under 3 years old are sometimes very difficult to get drunk. Such babies are prepared with delicious healing lemonade, which will bring vitamins and useful material... To do this, cut off a slice of lemon, fill it with hot boiled water and leave for 20 minutes, then add a teaspoon of honey. The resulting drink is given to the child every 15-20 minutes, 2 tablespoons.

Rice broth is also suitable for soldering the patient, the action of which resembles rehydron... For cooking, take a tablespoon of rice and exactly the same volume of raisins, boil in a liter of water, over low heat for about half an hour. Then it is filtered and given to the patient.

It is strictly forbidden to solder a person with an intestinal infection with milk, carbonated and low-alcohol drinks. All this will greatly aggravate the disease and can cause serious consequences.

What can you feed the patient

A day later, after the first signs of a person's illness appear, they begin to slowly feed... Relatives are often worried about the question of what can be eaten with an intestinal infection? The list of permitted products is quite diverse. During the recovery period, it is allowed to use the following foods and dishes in the diet:

• Baked green apples with honey or sugar. From fruit, you can still give well-ripe bananas. If there are green areas on the fruits, then they can be dipped in boiling water for a second, so harmful starch is neutralized.
• Viscous cereals in water with a small addition of salt and sugar - oatmeal, rice and buckwheat;
• Mashed potatoes in water without added fat... From vegetables, you can also carrots and zucchini, it is good to cook light vegetable soups.
• Low-fat meats - chicken, veal or rabbit. Second broths allowed. The boiled meat is taken out, chopped and mixed with mashed potatoes, it turns out a delicious and nutritious dish that can be given even to a small child to eat.
• Uncooked crackers or biscuit biscuits.

An adult and child's diet for intestinal infection should include herbs - parsley, dill and lettuce. These plant components are a source of vitamins and will be indispensable for a weakened body.

What should not be included in the diet

There is a list of foods that the patient should not eat until he is fully recovered. This list includes:

• fried and fatty foods;
• fatty meats - beef, pork, lamb and poultry;
• mushrooms;
• smoked meats;
• canned food;
• spicy and spicy dishes;
• yeast baked goods;
• confectionery;
• legumes, cabbage and cucumbers;
• citrus fruits other than lemon;
• semi-finished products.

The use of alcoholic and low alcohol drinks, including beer, is strictly prohibited. Inflamed digestive organs and the liver are unable to process aggressive components. Alcohol, even in small doses, will lead to poor health.

Features of food intake

A person after an intestinal infection should not eat much. Meals should be fractional and frequent enough. There can be up to 7 meals a day... In addition to the main food, children and adults can be given a snack with crackers with tea.

You can not force the patient to eat the entire portion of this or that dish, a person should eat only if there is an appetite. The body itself regulates how much food it needs.

During the rehabilitation period after an intestinal infection, food is prepared at one time. This approach allows you to preserve the maximum amount of nutrients in food.

How to feed a baby with an intestinal infection

Diet after an intestinal infection in a child infancy consists in frequent attachment to the chest. You can feed your baby with fermented milk mixtures, which are approved by the pediatrician. The little one is given a lot of drink - pure water or compotes from seasonal fruits and berries.

Do not forget that a child under one year old has a very small body weight and can quickly become dehydrated. It is necessary not only to give a lot of drink, but also to monitor the frequency and volume of urination. If something worries parents, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Is it possible to dairy products

Many people are concerned about the question of whether it is possible to use fermented milk products after an intestinal infection? Dairy products can be included in the patient's diet starting from the third day, after the acute symptoms subside. First, porridge is boiled in milk diluted with water, and then low-fat bifidokefir can be given. This healthy drink will help to quickly restore the microflora of the stomach and intestines and normalize the digestion process.

It is allowed to feed the child with low-fat cottage cheese, only in limited quantities. A few days after the normalization of the state, you can give hard cheese with tea.

Is it possible to give honey

V acute stage diseases honey and other beekeeping products should not be given... As soon as the acute symptoms subside, you can eat a little quality honey or add it to cereals and drinks. This beekeeping product contains a complex essential vitamins and minerals. Honey allows you to quickly restore electrolyte balance without the help of pharmaceutical preparations.

You don't need to get carried away with this product, everything should be in moderation. Excessive honey is irritating to the stomach and can lead to allergic reactions.

During the recovery period after an illness, a person is given honey, which is purchased in a trusted place. It must be remembered that there is a poor-quality product that is collected from poisonous plants. Such honey will do nothing but harm.

Can I eat seafood

Already a week later, after the acute phase of the disease, boiled fish is included in the diet... These products are rich in protein, which is essential for the construction of new cells in the body. Eating exotic seafood during this period is undesirable, a weak stomach may not accept such food, which will manifest itself with nausea and vomiting.

It takes a long time for a person to recover from an intestinal infection. One of the main factors that affect recovery is diet. Balanced diet will help to quickly restore the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines... Adults should know what to feed a baby after an intestinal infection, so as not to aggravate his health.

The summer period is good with an abundance of fresh fruits and berries, as well as sunny warmth. However, there is a downside to all this. Microbes in the heat begin to multiply at a doubled rate, and delicate foods quickly deteriorate and become an ideal environment for infection. As a result, doctors have noted a surge in intestinal infections. Today we will talk about how to deal with their consequences. How to treat an intestinal infection, what you can eat and how to help your body recover faster.

General concept

In fact, pathogens in environment so many. Moreover, it can be the simplest microorganisms, pathogenic bacteria or viruses. It is often very difficult to determine the cause without examination, since the symptoms can be almost the same. Therefore, if symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea persist within one to two days, be sure to seek help from a doctor so that he can more accurately determine the causes of the ailment and prescribe adequate treatment.

Where do the roots grow

Infection can enter our body in three ways. First of all, these are foodstuffs contaminated with harmful microorganisms. The second way is no less common. This is the use of water containing the pathogen. In hot weather, we are all attracted by the blue expanse of rivers and lakes. Swallowing water while bathing can result in long-term treatment. Finally, the third way is contact-household: dirty hands and the like.

It is unlikely that you will be able to protect yourself from everything, so let's talk about what to do with What can you eat and how soon to get better?

The first few days

At first glance, there is nothing wrong with this disease. Just think, my stomach is a little upset. Indeed, in this case, only light diet for a few days. However, pathogens can cause serious digestive disorders, which, in the absence of proper treatment, can lead to death. That is why everyone should know how to behave with an intestinal infection, what you can eat and what you need to refuse.

On average, doctors prescribe one to two weeks of a strict diet. Gastrointestinal tract now it is impossible to load, the body has thrown all the forces on the fight against harmful microorganisms. And remember forever that you cannot force yourself to eat when What you can eat, your body knows better than you, just give it a chance to give you a signal. Thirsty? That's right, on this moment this is exactly what you need.

Drinking regime

Any doctor will prescribe in the first place And this is necessary from the first moment, as soon as you feel unwell. If an intestinal infection develops in a child, then he needs to rinse the stomach, and then give a spoonful of clean water every few minutes. Such a regime can provoke vomiting and cleansing of the body.

What can you drink with an intestinal infection? It can be pure boiled water, slightly pink chamomile decoction. With intestinal infections, which are accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea, the water-salt balance is disturbed. To restore it, you need to drink "Regidron". You can cook it yourself. To do this, in one liter of water, dissolve 2 tablespoons of sugar, 1 tablespoon of coarse salt (if yours is fine, then take half the dose) and half a teaspoon of baking soda. You cannot drink such a solution in large quantities, so alternate it with other drinks. For an adult acceptable dose- this is 50 ml once every two hours. For a child, one spoon is enough at the same interval.

We are on the mend

When the first symptoms begin to recede, nausea and vomiting go away, the urge to use the toilet becomes less frequent, you can gradually begin to introduce food into the diet. First of all, be guided by the signals of your body. Recovery will necessarily be marked by the appearance of appetite. For adults, at this stage, it is permissible to use liquid soups with chicken broth.

But if we are talking about what children can eat with an intestinal infection, then everything is a little more complicated. The baby's body takes longer to recover, so you will need to maintain endurance. As soon as vomiting has stopped or has become less frequent, even though the diarrhea continues, weak chicken broth can be administered. As long as it is food and drink that will support the strength of the child.

It is necessary to fix the result

If vomiting persists for more than three days, this is a signal for immediate hospitalization. This is especially important when it comes to a child. Prolonged dehydration is very dangerous for his fragile body. The doctor will assess the condition and tell you what the child can eat with an intestinal infection. Until the complete cessation of vomiting, you will have to withstand only alternately using a weak broth, a decoction of rose hips and chamomile. In parallel, the doctor will prescribe medications that will ease the condition and speed up recovery.

Expanding the diet

On the third day for an adult and on the 4th-5th day for a child, you can prepare liquid mashed potatoes for breakfast, always without milk and butter. Many parents ask: is it possible for an intestinal infection to have milk or its derivatives? Definitely not, neither an adult nor a child can drink kefir or milk until complete recovery.

The body coped well with mashed potatoes and again sends signals that it is hungry? This is great, so you are on the mend. For lunch, you can boil a little rice or oatmeal in the water, and for dinner, a baked apple. Continue to drink a lot, then the toxins will quickly leave your body.

Second week

From the fifth day for an adult and from the seventh day for a child, doctors allow a gradual transition to a normal diet. However, we must not forget that while the therapeutic diet, you need to forget about fried, fatty and sweet. What can you eat with an intestinal infection at this stage? Lean boiled meat is introduced into the diet. The body has lost a lot of energy and needs protein to recover. This can be rabbit and turkey, chicken and lean beef. The addition will be fish, or rather meatballs, soufflés or steam cutlets made from it.

For now, refrain from sources of coarse fiber. Most vegetables should be eliminated. The only thing that doctors recommend starting to include in the diet from the second week is zucchini and pumpkin. They are very useful during the recovery period from illness.

Third week

The unpleasant symptoms have long been forgotten, and life has completely returned to its former course. However, even now it is still necessary to remember what an adult and a child can eat with an intestinal infection. At this stage, you can gradually include in the diet dairy products with a low percentage of fat. Choose only the freshest foods, it is best if they are fortified with Bifidobacteria. But you should refrain from whole milk, including milk porridge, for now.

Return to normal diet

Each organism is individual, and therefore recovery will take place in different ways. However, on average, it will take 3-4 weeks to fully switch to a regular diet. Remember that this process should be as smooth as possible. You cannot introduce several new products into the diet at once, you have to wait for how the gastrointestinal tract will react to what you have already eaten.

Features of the treatment of intestinal infections in children

Kids suffer from similar ailments much more often than adults. Moreover, if the child is more than three years old, he can adhere to the same diet as adults. Young children, up to three years old, need mandatory supervision by a pediatrician. Usually, other infections are treated on an outpatient basis, but there are times when immediate hospitalization is required.

There are some differences between the nutrition of breastfed and formula-fed babies. You can give a little breast milk, in parallel with "Regidron". But among artificial mixtures, you need to choose dairy-free. Parents should remember that dehydration can develop very quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to give liquid very often, and if the body cannot absorb it due to vomiting, then saline is injected intravenously.

During the baby's recovery period, breast milk will be the best food for him. Give up complementary foods completely. If the child has already been transferred to adult food, then dairy-free cereals, broths, vegetable mashed potatoes and zucchini will be useful. But fresh vegetables and fruits, juices and milk cannot be given, even if the child has used them regularly before.