Viral and bacterial allergies. Symptoms and treatment of viral and infectious allergies Allergens bacteria harmful substances are not

About bacterial allergies

Bacterial allergy is a certain type of allergy, in which an allergic reaction develops to bacteria that are in the body, usually in the form of chronic foci of infection. Such chronic foci are most often localized in the tonsils, carious teeth, sinuses nose, in the bronchopulmonary tree, as well as in the intestines and kidneys. Wherein, bacterial allergy it is formed for a long time, sometimes it goes on for years, so it most often occurs in adults or older children.

Video - diagnosis and treatment of allergies, 12:17 min

A bacterial allergy is that under the influence of bacterial agents and antigens that have entered the human body, infectious and allergic diseases are formed, for example, such as:

• Allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis;
• Infectious-allergic urticaria.

The above diseases are difficult to tolerate by patients, require a long and quality treatment... However, the sooner the patient discovers symptoms of allergy and seek qualified medical care, the faster it will act specific treatment prescribed by doctors, and such a patient can forget about bacterial allergies forever.

Bacterial allergy symptoms

Bacterial allergy symptoms depend on from the type of bacteria that contribute to the development allergic reaction, as well as on the state of the human immune system. So, allocate following symptoms bacterial allergies:

Bacterial allergies can cause
bronchial asthma

1. Respiratory symptoms:
   • Cough and shortness of breath due to sensation of a lump in the throat;
   • Paroxysmal sneezing;
   • Itching in the nose and throat;
   • Clear, mucous nasal discharge;
   • Smell disorder;
2. Symptoms of damage to the organ of vision:
   • Redness of the mucous membrane of the eyes;
   • Lachrymation;
3. In some cases, join skin symptoms as:
   • Rashes and redness on the skin, which are also accompanied by itching;
4. Symptoms indicating a malfunction of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract:
   • Stomach pain;
   • Vomit;
   • Diarrhea.

In the most severe cases, symptoms of anaphylactic shock or Quincke's edema develop, the relief of which is possible only with the help of qualified emergency medical personnel.

Causes of bacterial allergies

The causes of bacterial allergies are reduced to the fact that the body has chronic foci of infection associated with untreated colds bacterial diseases(for example, pneumonia, sinusitis, etc.). And under certain conditions, for example, hypothermia and decreased immunity, these foci are activated, which triggers the course of a bacterial allergic reaction. Therefore, in order to fundamentally prevent the development of bacterial allergies, it is always necessary to completely eliminate the disease and not run it into a chronic form.

Bacterial allergy in children

Bacterial allergies in children are usually diagnosed not earlier than 3 years of age, because it develops against the background of chronic foci of infection in the body. Symptoms in children are the same as in adults, but sometimes they are brighter and more pronounced, which is associated with the immaturity of the child's immune system. Bacterial allergies in children need qualified and specialized treatment, which is aimed not only at relieving allergy symptoms, but also at eliminating and rehabilitating chronic foci of infection.

Treating bacterial allergies in children the doctors of our clinic "Lor-Asthma" are engaged, offering only safe, reliable and maximum effective techniques... Remember, the sooner you consult your doctor, the sooner he determines the type of allergy and determines the specific type of allergen, the sooner you can start treating your baby, and the sooner he will get rid of severe and unpleasant symptoms bacterial allergies.

Treat your child using only high-quality and effective treatment methods! Namely such methods of treating bacterial allergies are suggested by doctors clinic "Lor-Asthma!

Bacterial allergy treatment

Treatment of bacterial allergies in our clinic"Lor-Asthma" is always carried out on the highest level! We treat both adults and children, relieving them of bacterial allergies, while always selecting treatment regimens individually.

Bacterial allergy treatment should begin with high-quality diagnostics. This is where our doctors begin. The first stage is the collection of an allergic anamnesis, which the attending physician finds out from the patient himself, or from the child's parents. Then, after just a few diagnostic procedures and based on the patient's history, the doctor determines the type of allergy, and also determines the degree of its development.

After determining the type of allergen and determining the state of the patient's immunity, allergy treatment begins. As a treatment for bacterial allergies our specialists offer only proven, effective and high-quality methods, for example, such as:

1. Apitherapy;
2. Capillary therapy.

Purpose of Bacterial Allergy Treatment- this is not only to eliminate the symptoms, but also to strengthen the immune system as a whole, as well as to eliminate chronic foci of bacterial infection, which in the future helps to prevent the development of relapses of allergies!

Treatment cost

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Questions from users on our site about bacterial allergies

My daughter is 13 years old. Diagnosis - vasomotor rhinitis. Constant exacerbations of which lead to acute rhinosinusitis, that is, stuffy nose. slime is white at first, then connects

bacterial infection (Staphylococcus aureus is sown in her), after a few days, according to the results of ultrasound, fluid in the sinuses. And all this without raising t, without pain. Laura is treated with antibiotics and the same thing every month. Such a pathological reaction of the nasal mucosa occurs in the cold, wind, as a result, the child cannot go outside in the cold season. Surgical intervention, in the opinion of ENTs, is not shown to her, because the nose, in principle, breathes, but badly even during exacerbations.

Alexander Puryasev,
I understand your situation. It is not easy. But I am ready to explain everything to you and, most importantly, I can help! But you must come to my appointment, because I don't have enough fingers to describe it all in a letter. Please contact. I will help!

Thank you for your answer, but these are general phrases, specifically: how to follow this all if a child goes to the garden, for example, like this

in this case? Hardening, nutrition and hypothermia are actions under the control of the mother, but continuous contact with viruses and bacteria in in public places and in kindergarten, for example, are no longer amenable to control and children prone to excessive growth of adenoid tissue still get sick as often and just as severely until they either "outgrow" this problem by adolescence, or until they are removed surgically... But what about allergization is important point, for me I am still trying to figure it out, since there is some kind of allergophon and, perhaps, it provokes excessive growth and reaction of lymphoid tissue. But how can this be accurately determined? And here's how to specifically ensure that your child is not allergic? Please tell me what you mean by this concept?

Alexander Puryasev,
doctor medical sciences, chief physician clinics: … If you need specific answers, bring the doctor of a SPECIFIC patient to whom tests will be prescribed, possibly X-ray, other types of examination according to the following indicators: 1. Complaints - symptoms, signs of illness; 2. Anamnesis - the history of his development chronic illness; 3. The presence of concomitant diseases; 4. Allergy anamnesis - food, animals, dust, mold, etc., which, in your opinion, could cause an allergy; 5. Objective examination of the patient to identify the local picture of the disease; and at the end, 5. Preliminary diagnosis - conclusion. As a result, an individual examination plan is selected not from the ceiling, but according to a SPECIFIC patient, and then there will be no reason for " common phrases”, But there will be specific conclusions, final diagnosis, prognosis, recommendations, and a SPECIFIC treatment plan! Good luck, health!

vibrocil, aqualor, polydex in the nose (dripped, washed, dripped), zirtek at night, and an antibiotic - Zinnat. We have a bad reaction to him, everyone side effects(rash, redness, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting). Bifidumbacterin was taken. I have a question - what can replace Zinnat? KLA passed, increased eosinophils (8%), and a little monocytes, all other indicators are normal. Soe 4. Now I have big doubts - did we even need to take antibiotics?

Alexander Puryasev,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Physician of the Clinic: Zinnat is an antibiotic of the cephalosporin group. In addition to this group, children can also use macrolides and penicillins. Everything. Choose from any group. This is how all doctors work. Unfortunately, it is not correct to prescribe an antibiotic (a / b) at random, "with a finger to the sky." I have a different tactic. First, the child is tested, and immediately, while we are waiting for the tests, we begin to treat locally without a / b. We remove edema, inflammation, eliminate infection (this is possible only in our clinic, such a well-structured treatment regimen often allows a patient to be cured even without a / b). By the time the tests come, the child is healthy, and if he has not completed the treatment to the end, then we already know WHAT a / b he needs based on the test results. Here, professional approach!

Good day! Staphylococcus was found in my children (2 years and 9 months). Please tell me if the staff can provoke frequent snot?

And in general is it treated? They underwent a course of treatment with turundas with Staf bacteriophage, but after repeated analysis they still revealed. And what complications can staphylococcus cause?

Alexander Puryasev,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Physician of the Clinic: Staphylococcus aureus easily causes adenoids, sinusitis, and bronchitis. But there is no need to despair. , - he is perfectly treated. In our clinic, we carry out treatment even without antibiotics - we sanitize. We pass tests before treatment and confirm with analyzes after treatment.

My daughter has occasional nasal congestion. We consulted an ENT doctor. Diagnosed with grade 2 adenoids, catarrhal sinusitis on the left (X-rays were taken). We were assigned

vibrocil, aqualor, polydex in the nose (dripped, washed, dripped), zirtek at night, and an antibiotic - Zinnat. We have a bad reaction to it, all the side effects (rash, redness, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting). Bifidumbacterin was taken. I have a question - what can replace Zinnat? There is no possibility of consulting a doctor, for an appointment only in a week.

Alexander Puryasev,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Physician of the Clinic: In order to resolve the issues of prescribing an antibiotic, it is correct: prescribe blood tests, perform swabs from the pharynx and nose, determine the flora, and for this reason - prescribe an antibiotic, and not "poke a finger in the sky"

Viral allergy is a disease that occurs during various infectious infections. The reaction can occur in people of any age. Its manifestation depends on the type of allergen and individual characteristics organism.

A viral or bacterial allergy is the body's response to the development of an incompletely cured infectious disease.

Allergy occurs when a person is infected with these microorganisms. Particles of infected cells can also cause the reaction. Most often development infectious allergy contribute to chronic diseases.

People with the following diseases are at greatest risk:

• dysentery;
• syphilis and gonorrhea;
• tuberculosis;
• plague and anthrax;
• mycosis;
• brucellosis.

An infectious allergy can develop in both an adult and a child. Sometimes it appears as a result of taking samples for the presence of an infection in the body.

Symptoms in children and adults

The main signs of allergy caused by infections are practically no different from the general symptoms of various allergic reactions:

• rash, redness and itching of the skin;
• sneezing, swelling and nasal congestion;
• cough, respiratory disorders;
• tearing, redness and swelling of the mucous membrane of the eyes;
• disruption of work digestive system, diarrhea, nausea.

Redness and tearing of the eyes is a symptom viral allergies

Allergy to infection in children often occurs after respiratory illness. The course of the disease is accompanied by:

• runny nose;
• high body temperature;
• difficulty breathing;
• cough;
• lack of appetite.

Pain in the arms, legs and abdomen may also appear. Sometimes an allergic reaction during an acute respiratory viral infection leads to the development of asthma.

Sneezing, swelling and nasal congestion are typical manifestations of viral allergies.

It is very important to identify allergies in time and start treatment, since an exacerbation of the disease can lead to complications. In some cases, it is possible anaphylactic shock.

The reaction that occurs when taking samples for the presence of infection in the body can manifest itself immediately. At the injection site, itching is felt, redness and swelling of the skin are visible.

Diagnostics

In order to appoint correct treatment the type of allergen that causes the reaction should be determined. Initially, a complete history is taken, according to which a possible allergen is previously determined. All transmitted infectious diseases are taken into account.

The identification of the exact pathogen is carried out according to the performed skin tests with possible allergen... If there is an increased sensitivity to a certain microorganism, then a characteristic redness appears at the site of its introduction.

An accurate diagnosis is made after full examination.

Treatment

An infectious allergy is dangerous disease, the development of which can lead to the death of the patient. Therefore, when the first signs appear, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

The main principle of treatment is to identify and destroy the allergen, which can be bacteria, microscopic fungi or viruses. Each type of pathogen is treated with certain drugs.

Treatment of allergy caused by viruses

If, after the diagnosis, it is confirmed that the reaction in the body is causing viral infections, then the treatment is carried out with such drugs:

• "Remantadin" is a drug with a pronounced antiviral activity;
• Zanamivir - antiviral agent neutralizing viruses of group A and B.

Remantadine is a drug with a pronounced antiviral activity;

The therapy also includes drugs that include a human immune protein - interferon:

• "Grippferon";
• "Viferon".

Sometimes use medicines, which contribute to the production of their own interferon in the patient's body. These include:

• "Amiksin";
• "Cycloferon"
• Derinat;
• "Neovir".

To relieve symptoms of respiratory diseases, use various drugs cough suppressants, inhalers to eliminate inflammatory processes in the throat, nasal drops.

Bacterial allergy treatment

To destroy the bacteria that caused the allergic reaction, bactericidal antibiotics are used:

• "Amoxicillin";
• Ceftriaxone;
• "Aztrion";
• "Ampicillin";
• Loracarbef;
• "Nafcillin".

To interrupt the development of bacteria and stop their reproduction, bacteriostatic antibiotics are used:

• Erythromycin;
• Minocycline;
• "Azithromycin";
• "Tetracycline";
• Dirithromycin;
• "Doxycycline";
• Clarithromycin.

These antibacterial drugs do not use for prolonged and acute forms infections, as they can only stop the development of microorganisms. Severe bacterial allergies can only be treated with bactericidal antibiotics.

Fungal allergy treatment

If a fungus became the culprit of the disease, which in turn caused an allergic reaction, then the treatment is carried out with antifungal drugs:

• "Nystatin";
• Fluconazole;
• "Bifonazole";
• "Candicidin";
• "Hamitsin";
• Oxyconazole;
• "Rimocidin";
• Amorolfin.

Therapeutic actions should be aimed at the complete elimination of the allergen. An incompletely cured disease can lead to a second allergic reaction, which can lead to serious complications.

Elimination of symptoms caused by an allergic reaction

Allergies caused by various types of infections have similar symptoms. For elimination accompanying symptoms use antihistamines:

• Suprastin;
• Claritin;
• "Diphenhydramine";
• "Zirtek";
• Telfast.

If necessary, use anti-inflammatory, healing, antihistamine ointments and creams that relieve irritation on the skin, eliminate itching and swelling.

Zyrtec - second generation antihistamine

Prevention of viral and bacterial allergies

To prevent the occurrence of an infectious allergic reaction, you must adhere to some rules:

• in case of infection with an infectious disease, do not self-medicate;
• at the first signs of infection in the body, consult a doctor and begin treatment;
• accept preventive measures during epidemics of viral diseases;
• stick to healthy way life - goes in for sports, walks in the fresh air, eat right.

Allergy prevention is aimed at increasing immunity and protecting the body from infection with any infections.

A viral or bacterial allergy that occurs when the body is infected with an infection of a different nature is a serious but curable disease. The main thing is to identify the problem in time and seek help from a doctor who will prescribe the correct treatment.

An allergen is an antigen that causes people who are sensitive to them. Allergy is a reaction of the immune system of the human body, manifested under the influence of an allergen.

Any substance can be allergens. The main symptoms of allergy are redness and pain in the eyes, swelling, sneezing and runny nose, cough, skin rash (eczema, contact dermatitis), shortness of breath, asthma attacks, ear pain, hearing loss, headaches. The disease can be inherited.

As a rule, a chronic allergic reaction manifests itself in a specific place (organ). At atopic dermatitis the skin suffers, with bronchial asthma - the mucous membrane of the bronchi, with food allergies- intestinal mucosa.

Classification of allergens depending on the entry into the human body

There are three main groups of allergens:

• exogenous;
• endogenous;
• autoantigens.

Exogenous allergens enter the human body from the environment(inhalation, swallowing or injection).

Endogenous allergens, in turn, are formed by the cells of the body during natural metabolism or during viral or bacterial infections... Endoallergens can form during severe burns (the human body begins to perceive damaged skin as foreign tissue).

Autoantigens are normal proteins (protein complexes) to which the the immune system(occurs in people with autoimmune diseases).

According to the method of entering the human body, the following types of allergens are distinguished:

• air (dust, pollen);
• food;
• contact (chemicals);
• injection ( medications);
• infectious (bacteria, viruses).

Classification of allergens according to origin

By their origin, allergens are:

• household (dust, chalk, oil refined products);
• epidermal allergens (wool, feathers, dandruff, fluff, excrement, saliva of pets);
• insect (cockroaches, insects, spiders);
• pollen (pollen of plants and trees);
• food (allergies are possible to any food product, often seafood, egg white, strawberries, citrus fruits, chocolate, nuts, legumes, honey);
• medicinal (an allergy is possible to any medicine, including antiallergic drugs; basic drugs to which an allergic reaction is possible: penicillin, sulfonamide, salicylate, local anesthetics);
• fungal (mold and yeast);
• helminths (worms act as pathogens);
• thermal (wind, frost, etc.);
• moral and biological (experience, fear, nervous breakdown, etc.).

An allergic reaction is possible to cleaning and cosmetical tools: washing powder, rinse aid, dishwashing detergent, etc. Allergies can also develop from some types of microbes. The source of their appearance may be an incompletely cured infection, fungus on the nails, sinusitis, and tooth decay.

The main and most common allergens

The main allergens are:

1. Pollen from plants and trees is more likely than others to cause seasonal allergies. You can reduce contact with the allergen by staying in a room with closed windows in windy weather, or by using an air conditioner.
2. Animals - in this case, it is recommended not to use carpets, and to clean the premises more often.
3. Dust mites live in house dust. It is recommended to use hypoallergenic pillows and mattresses, wash bed linen more often and only in hot water, do not use carpets and curtains.
4. Insect bites provoke swelling and redness at the site of the bite, nausea, weakness, and fever.
5. Mold - a reaction that occurs when inhaled or when touched. Mold can be found in the bathroom, in the grass. Ventilation of wet rooms can be considered a preventive measure.
6. Food - Allergy symptoms: respiratory failure, skin rashes, including the mouth area, vomiting.
7. Latex.
8. Medicines.
9. Fragrance substances.

Thus, the most common allergens are house dust, animal hair, foodstuffs, pollen of plants and trees, bacterial allergens, viruses, microscopic fungi.

What are true and bacterial allergies?

A true allergy is an increased reaction of the body to a common substance. Moreover, the reaction appears regardless of the amount of allergen that has entered the body. Scientists identify the following true allergens: eggs, milk, peanuts, hazelnuts, soy, seafood (crayfish), fish, wheat.

A true allergy differs from a food allergy in that at first, a person cannot, under any circumstances, consume a certain product (with a food allergy, the reaction develops with a large dose of the eaten product). In true allergies, the reaction occurs with the minimum dose of the product.

Bacterial allergy manifests itself when the human body is hypersensitive to bacterial allergens. The reason for this is chronic infection. A bacterial allergy is forming long time.

Allergens of bacteria contribute to the development of diseases such as rhinitis, infectious-allergic bronchial asthma, infectious-allergic urticaria.

Critical situations and allergy treatment

Anaphylaxis is a systemic allergic reaction. The consequences of such reactions can be skin rashes, bronchospasm, edema, hypotension, coma, or death. - the most dangerous form manifestations of an allergic reaction. A person suddenly appears severe itching, shortness of breath, pressure decreases. Signs of anaphylactic shock are a weak pulse, profuse sweating, pallor.

The main goal in allergy treatment is to eliminate the patient's exposure to allergens.

There is no drug treatment for allergies. Therefore, people suffering from allergic reactions should reconsider their lifestyle, habits, if possible, change the environment, for example, change the climatic conditions.

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V last years in clinical allergology, the problems of bacterial allergy are practically supplanted by ideas about the leading role of atopy in the genesis of the majority allergic diseases.

At the same time, the connection between infection and allergic diseases, including bronchial asthma.

The role of IgE-dependent processes in the pathogenesis of infectious allergy has been proven.

In this regard, there is currently interest in the possibility of SIT for infectious and allergic diseases, in particular for bronchial asthma. A promising problem is the development effective vaccines for SIT. It should be noted that in allergology considerable experience has been accumulated in allergen-specific immunotherapy of patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma.

Despite this, in the defining current document SIT, bacterial vaccination is called ineffective (WHO Position Paper. Allergen immunotherapy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases (Allergy. 1998, v53. N 44 (Suppl)). specific treatment for microbial allergens is very effective, as evidenced by the works of both domestic and foreign authors.

Probably, the ineffectiveness of individual works on SIT with bacterial allergens can be explained by the incorrect selection of patients for treatment, the lack of appropriate skills for carrying out SIT by the doctor. In this regard, we devote a special section to the experience of conducting SIT for infectious allergies.

History of bacterial allergy problem

The problem of allergic reactions in infectious diseases finds its origins in the works of the German doctor R. Koch (R. Koch, 1843 - 1910), devoted to the study of tuberculosis. It is known that tuberculosis is one of the most severe infectious diseases, which, thanks to the observations of R. Koch and the works of other researchers, played the role of the so-called classical model of bacterial allergy.

In 1906 S. Pirguet reported important value scarification test in tuberculin diagnosis and introduced into medical practice the term "allergy" (from the Greek. "allos" - different, "ergos" - I act), denoting an altered reactivity of the body. Antibodies, which, as was thought earlier, are produced in the body under the influence of tuberculin, C. Pirguet called "ergines".

In Russia, the allergenic properties of bacteria were studied in the very first studies on anaphylaxis and allergies.
Research by P.F. Zdrodovsky on infectious para-allergy made a significant contribution to the theory of allergy in general and bacterial allergy in particular. The phenomenon of generalized allergic reaction to endotoxin of Vibrio cholerae discovered by him, as noted by A.D. Ado, is the first description of this type of reaction. Many terms, criteria and patterns of manifestation of allergic reactions were first established and firmly entered into allergology precisely on the basis of the study of bacterial allergy. Following studies on the allergenic activity of the causative agent of tuberculosis, works began to appear very quickly, indicating the allergenic effect of other microorganisms.

Particular attention was paid to the allergenic properties of gram-positive cocci, in particular, hemolytic streptococcus and pneumococcus. R. Lancefield's works on antigenic and allergenic characteristics hemolytic streptococci, which indicate that experimental studies have revealed the allergizing effect of their type-specific protein, the so-called M-substance of hemolytic streptococcus.

Extremely important stage development of research in the field of bacterial allergy opened the work of O. Swineford and his collaborators. At the end of the 40s, these researchers discovered allergenic properties in 14 species of various microorganisms, namely: hemolytic and green streptococcus, staphylococcus, catarrhal micrococcus, intestinal and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, etc.

For the first time, the attention of researchers was drawn to the allergenic properties of those microbes, the commonwealth of which constituted the so-called normal microflora mucous membranes of the respiratory and intestinal tract.

The results of evaluating the hypersensitivity of patients with infectious-allergic BA to allergens of autogenous strains isolated from the mucous membranes of the bronchi of these patients are presented in Table. eight.

Table 7. Microflora of pharynx, nose, bronchi in patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma

Table 8. Skin and bronchial reactions to bacterial allergens in patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma (according to V.N. Fedoseeva, 1980)

Among the allergens of these cultures (Neisseria, Pneumococcus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Streptococcus, Sardines), Neisseria and Staphylococcus were the leading ones. Significant allergenic activity was noted in Klebsiella, however, the frequency of detection of this microbe in crops from the mucous membranes of the bronchi of patients does not exceed 10-15%. But in those cases when the microbe was present in the crops, the patient's hypersensitivity to the allergens of this microorganism was pronounced.

Currently, in allergological practice, it is widely used for specific diagnostics and therapy allergens (and vaccine forms) of pathogens of infectious diseases: tuberculin, malein, brucellin, lepromin, etc., as well as pathogenic and opportunistic representatives of the microflora of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract of patients with respiratory-allergic diseases: allergens and vaccines from streptococci , staphylococci, pneumococci, etc.

Considering the history of the problem of bacterial allergy, it is possible, on the one hand, to emphasize the fact that it was in the study of infectious diseases that both the very concept of "allergy" and such terms as "type of allergic reaction", "reaction of delayed and immediate type" , "Skin-allergic diagnostic tests", "tuberculin diagnostics" and others, which have become firmly established in allergology and are currently used.

On the other hand, it should be noted that allergenic activity is inherent not only in pathogens of infectious diseases, but also in representatives of the so-called opportunistic microflora. respiratory tract patients with respiratory and allergic diseases. In addition, it is quite obvious that bacterial allergy has features due to both the properties of the microorganism and the reactivity of the patient's body with an infectious-allergic disease.

Khutueva S.Kh., Fedoseeva V.N.

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Allergenic bacteria have been the subject of study and research since 1909. It was at that time that they began to actively study different kinds allergies. Anaphylaxis was also of great interest. Since the doctrine of the types of allergies developed very quickly, it was revealed that the properties inherent in allergies in general do not always manifest themselves immediately, they can be detected after a certain period of time.

Bacterial allergens: how do they affect the human body?

There are two types of reactions that appear immediately from time to time. Firstly, this is the well-known anaphylactic shock, which people face much more often. And, secondly, bronchial asthma, which is also caused by bacterial effects, can become a reaction.

To this day, scientists and doctors deal only with those bacteria that have been identified with certain properties corresponding to an allergic reaction. They are studied due to the fact that skin covering is subjected to sampling. They can have different strength of action: some weak, some strong. And today saprophytic microbes are the most potent allergens in comparison with others. And their release occurs from those patients in whom the reaction manifested itself in the form of bronchial asthma.

In some cases, microbes of a certain type enter the human body and "live" there for a long period of time. Thus, sensitization occurs, and subsequently the development of bronchial asthma will occur.

Classification of bacteria allergens

To date, experts have assigned all such allergens to specific groups.

1. Antigen of the causative agent of an infectious disease. This view includes an allergen such as tuberculin. It is produced by extracting tuberculosis microbacteria. In the above-described specific case, sensitization takes place, which is directly related to the causative agents of tuberculosis. This is already a classic version, which is used in order to most fully study the hypersensitivity of this species. Tuberculin is considered a recombinant allergen. It contains various lipids, which, in one way or another, affect how long it will take to form the corresponding reaction, and also increase the activity of the drug. It is worth noting that it is possible to reveal how tense a person's immunity to tuberculous pathogenic bacteria is due to the Mantoux test. Special bacteria that are involved in this process will elicit the reaction. In this case, there is one very important point: Mantoux should never be done if there are any diseases associated with the skin and possible infections. Also, contraindications include epileptic and allergenic properties. If on this moment quarantine is in progress, then vaccination medical workers have the right to do only 30-31 days after its withdrawal.

2. Allergen conditionally pathogenic bacteria... This group of allergens includes lepromin. It contains protein in the amount of 75%, polysaccharides, of which a total of 13% were detected, and nucleic acids, which also account for about 13%. Lepromine was made a long time ago, but it still remains the most common if leprosy needs to be diagnosed.

Bacterial allergens: how does activation occur?

An allergic reaction can be caused by the most various substances: from substances with a simple composition to substances with a more complex composition.

Numerous experiments and studies carried out by scientists and modern representatives of medicine have quite definitely revealed the result. It is worth noting that they started by studying the chemical constituents of bacteria.

In this regard, the most active natural allergen was identified, which is called glycoprotein. If the amount of necessary particles in it is less than a predetermined level, then there will be no allergic reaction in this case. If the number of necessary particles in it is much higher (7-9 times) of the given level, then the bacteria will not be able to cross a certain barrier, consisting of various tissues. This means that allergens will not in any way enter the mast cells.

The first thing to always pay attention to is the allergenic stimulus. It is he who is a kind of trigger and activator for lymphoid cells.

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