The leg swells after a dog bite. Treating dog bites

Date: 26.06.2020

Holders of the patent RU 2417765:

The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgery, and can be used in the treatment of subcutaneous hematoma formed as a result of an animal bite. For this, antiseptic preparation of the skin is carried out, and in the presence of a wound, surgical treatment. Then, through a puncture or an operational incision, the hematoma is removed with the determination of its volume. After that, perftoran is injected into the skin at the rate of 0.01-0.1 ml per 1 cm 3 of the withdrawn volume of the hematoma. The duration of treatment is three to seven days. EFFECT: method provides improved quality of treatment in case of soft tissue injury and reduction of complications rate due to reduction of edema and improvement of tissue nutrition in the lesion focus due to the use of perfluorane.

The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgery, and is intended for the treatment of subcutaneous hematoma resulting from an animal bite.

With a sharp bite by mammals, especially powerful jaws, damage can occur without violating the integrity of the skin, but with bruises and crushing of soft tissues with hemorrhages and swelling in them, and in the presence of a bite wound, around it. It is noticed that a bitten wound may include signs characteristic of lacerated, bruised and crushed wounds and is often infected with pathogenic microflora contained in the saliva of the person who has bitten [Kollontai Yu.Yu., Panchenko MK, Andruson M.V. Open injuries to the hand. Kiev, "Health". 1983. - P.88]. Considered characteristic of bitten wounds crushing deep tissues [Vainshtein V.G. Traumatology manual. - L .: Medicine. 1979 .-- P.71. V.K. Gostishchev General Surgery: Textbook.- M .: Medicine. 1993. - P.264]. The bruises are accompanied by objective symptoms: swelling caused by the soaking of soft tissues with poured blood and lymph; inflammatory edema; sometimes redness and a local increase in temperature caused by vasodilation after a short reflex spasm of them [Novozhilov DA, Smirnov NV. In the book: "Multivolume Guide to Orthopedics and Traumatology." Volume 3. M .: Medicine, 1968. S. 11-12]. They occur in tissues damaged by a bite and subcutaneous hematomas, which can become infected in conditions of bacterial contamination. Edema developing in damaged tissues with compression of blood vessels, sometimes nerves, is accompanied by tissue malnutrition, inflammation and other pathological phenomena with morphological changes. Conventional treatment of patients with mammalian bites is mainly aimed at the surgical treatment of wounds and the prevention of infectious complications. The treatment of soft tissue injuries around the bitten wounds, and in the absence of a wound, the treatment of bruises, short-term compression and crushing of soft tissues with subcutaneous hemorrhages, is not always given due attention, which prompted us to develop a method for treating patients with subcutaneous hematoma formed as a result of animal bites.

A known method of treatment for a bite inflicted on a mammal animal, including abundant washing of the bitten wound with water and soap, treating the wound with 70% alcohol, and with a large wound - imposing guiding sutures supervision for the prevention of human disease with rabies ", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 297. October 7, 1997].

The disadvantage of this method can be considered the treatment of the wound with 70% alcohol, which causes sharp local pain and tissue irritation with a corresponding reaction. In this method, there are no actions aimed at improving the quality of treatment for subcutaneous hematoma formed as a result of animal bites, and reducing the incidence of complications by reducing edema and improving tissue nutrition in the lesion.

A known method of treatment for soft tissue bruises and hematomas, including cold at the site of injury, elevated position of the injured part of the body, pressing bandage, rest, immobilization of the injured limb, from the 2-3rd day, thermal procedures, massage, exercise therapy, and with large hematomas - a puncture with suction of blood [BM Khromov. Surgical care in outpatient clinics. State publishing house of medical literature. M. 1963. S. 81].

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of signs of improving the quality of treatment for subcutaneous hematoma, formed as a result of an animal bite, and reducing the incidence of complications by reducing edema and improving tissue nutrition in the lesion.

A known method of treating wounds by subcutaneous paravulvar administration of perfluorane in a volume of 10 ml (Loskutnikov S.Yu. Optimization of the healing conditions of open fractures using paravulvar subcutaneous administration of perfluorane. ).

The disadvantage of this method lies in the subcutaneous administration of perfluorane, which leads to accelerated resorption of the agent and a reduced time of its local action, in contrast to the intradermal administration of the drug in the claimed method with a more prolonged effect on damaged tissues. The disadvantage of the opposed method is also the absence in it of signs of improving the quality of treatment by reducing edema and improving tissue nutrition around the subcutaneous hematoma formed as a result of animal bites, and reducing the frequency of complications with it.

A known method of treating wounds by subcutaneous paravulvar administration of perfluorane for three to seven days according to RF patent No. 2270004.

A known method of treatment for injuries from animal bites ["Managing bites from humans and other mammals. DTB 2004 42 (9). P.67-70], including the introduction of an antibacterial drug, the choice of which is based on the data of bacteriological research. Pending results, the drug of choice is amoxicillin / clavulanate (625 mg 3 times daily for adults). If you are allergic to penicillins, it is possible to prescribe metronidazole in combination with doxycycline for cat and dog bites. For human bites, metronidazole in combination with erythromycin can also be used, but ciprofloxacin in combination with clindamycin is preferred. In severe infections, antibiotics are administered intravenously; the duration of therapy depends on clinical dynamics.

The disadvantage of this method of treatment for injuries from animal bites is the absence in it of signs of improving the quality of treatment for subcutaneous hematoma formed as a result of an animal bite, and reducing the frequency of complications by reducing edema and improving tissue nutrition in the lesion.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the method given by the latter, which we take as a prototype, and its disadvantages are stated above.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of treatment for subcutaneous hematoma formed as a result of an animal bite, and to reduce the incidence of complications by reducing edema and improving tissue nutrition in the lesion.

The technical result of the invention is achieved in that the method for treating a subcutaneous hematoma formed as a result of an animal bite includes antiseptic preparation of the skin and surgical treatment in the presence of a wound. Moreover, the hematoma is first removed through a puncture or an operating incision with the determination of its volume, then perftoran is injected into the skin at the rate of 0.01-0.1 ml per 1 cm 3 of the removed volume of the hematoma, the treatment is carried out for three to seven days.

The essence of the technical solution is reflected in specific examples of the method.

A specific example of the implementation of the method. The man got bitten by a dog. He applied for medical help with a bitten laceration wound on the dorsum of the left leg with crush areas along its edges on an area of 36 cm 2 and subcutaneous hematoma in the soft tissues of the damaged area. After the skin around the wound was flushed and washed, the initial surgical treatment of the wound was performed with the removal of a blood clot without suturing. Perftoran is injected daily into the skin distal to the lesion in a dose of 7 ml for four days. The edema decreased, and there were no signs of infection in the wound. Subsequently, secondary sutures were applied. Healing without necrosis and other complications.

The second specific example of the implementation of the method. A man three days ago received a bite on his left shoulder from a horse. There is no violation of the integrity of the skin. Bruised skin with fluid fluctuating underneath. The suspected hematoma does not pulsate. After antiseptic treatment of the skin and anesthesia, a puncture was performed with a thick hollow needle, about 100 cm 3 of bloody fluid was removed. The skin subsided, the fluctuation disappeared, the discharge of bloody fluid from the needle stopped, the needle was removed. Into intact skin distal to the lesion, 10 ml of perftoran is injected for three days. The edema decreased, and there were no signs of infection in the wound. Recovery without complications.

The essential differences of the invented method are as follows.

The introduction of an emulsion of perfluorane distal to the damaged tissues into intact skin at a dose of 0.1-0.2 ml per 1 cm 2 of the surface of the damaged zone for three to seven days is due to the fact that perftoran is a perfluorocarbon emulsion, improves tissue respiration and microcirculation, reduces cell edema and perivascular vascular edema [GR Askerkhanov et al. In the book: "Perfluoroorganic compounds in biology and medicine". Pushchino. 1999. S. 136]. Perftoran is considered an anti-ischemic drug. By incorporating into the structure of cell membranes, perftoran stabilizes the endothelium of blood vessels and cell membranes (V.I.Shumakov et al. In the book: "Perfluoroorganic compounds in biology and medicine". Pushchino. 1999. S. 144-145]. Eliminating spasm of blood vessels , it restores microcirculation, reduces edema of the vascular endothelium, restores tissue gas exchange and metabolism (VV Moroz, NL Krylov. In the book: "Perfluoroorganic compounds in biology and medicine." Pushchino. 1999. P.26-30 ]. Perftoran increases the viability of tissues indirectly through the normalization of microcirculation and metabolic supply of cells. The introduction of perftoran reduces the severity of toxemia and has a beneficial effect on the rheological properties of blood [GA Sofronov et al., 2001; AA Orazmuradov et al. St. Petersburg 2001. S. 21]. Perftoran reduces the content of peroxidation products in tissues, which leads to the resolution of vasospasm, weakening of microcirculatory disorders and tissue ischemia [Kh.A. Musalatov et al. In the book: "Perfluoroorgan chemical compounds in biology and medicine ". Pushchino. 1999. P.67]. Consequently, the beneficial effect of perfluorane on damaged tissues in the claimed method is mainly due to its membrane-protective, anti-exudative, anti-alternative and detoxification effect. According to the claimed method, the supply of perfluorane to the bruised or crushed tissues as a result of the bite improves tissue respiration and microcirculation in the tissues damaged by the bite, relieves vasospasm, reduces the development of ischemic edema, reduces plasma loss and secondary circulatory tissue hypoxia, improves metabolism and stabilizes vascular endothelium membranes, which leads to a decrease in the severity of edema and acceleration of wound healing and restoration of damaged tissues. After removal of the subcutaneous hematoma through a puncture or an operating incision, in the presence of bruised tissues and the absence of extensive crushes, it is possible to reduce the dose of perfluorane to 0.01-0.1 ml per 1 cm 3 of the volume of the removed hematoma without reducing the effectiveness.

The invented method expands the possibilities of choosing a method for treating patients with subcutaneous hematoma resulting from a bite inflicted on mammals, helps to reduce edema and improve tissue nutrition in the lesion, which improves the quality of treatment, reduces the incidence of complications, shortens the treatment time for patients and creates an economic effect.

Application of the invention is possible in traumatology, military field and pediatric surgery, as well as in veterinary medicine.

A method of treating a subcutaneous hematoma formed as a result of an animal bite, including antiseptic preparation of the skin and surgical treatment in the presence of a wound, characterized in that the hematoma is first removed through a puncture or an operational incision with the determination of its volume, then perftoran is injected into the skin at a rate of 0.01-0 , 1 ml per 1 cm 3 of the withdrawn volume of hematoma, treatment is carried out for three to seven days.

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The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgery, and can be used in the treatment of patients with delimited purulent-inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity or retroperitoneal space.

Thousands of people visit doctors every year for injuries from dog attacks. Aggression is shown by stray animals, pets, which often become victims of small children. It is better to know in advance how expensive a dog bite is, treatment and how long the injury heals, so as not to risk your health, to protect children from danger.

Features of bites

The number of dog attacks increases significantly in the summer. According to statistics, pets are more likely to show aggression than stray dogs. Owners of fighting, service breeds are often not ready to pay enough attention to their pet, do not have the knowledge to raise an obedient companion. Treatment of the wound after a dog bite is not always possible at home, the victims require medical attention.

Types of bites

Compression of tissues in a dog during a bite is superficial - the animal, as it were, warns of dissatisfaction in communication. The integrity of the skin is practically not violated, only a bruise from a dog bite remains. Such wounds heal without complications quickly enough, but the child can cause psychological trauma. Although the hand hurts after a dog bite for a short time, an unpleasant memory, fright remain in the memory for a long time.

Stab injuries from the canines of an animal, lacerations are diagnosed as a dog bite, ICD code 10. W54. The clinical picture is associated with deep damage to soft tissues, severe cases reflect damage to ligaments, joints, bones.

Each type of injury has its own negative consequences. Puncture wounds, due to the depth of the lesion, are difficult to process, create anaerobic conditions for pathogenic types of microorganisms, which leads to severe complications.

Help with a dog bite at home can only be primary, then it is imperative to contact a trauma center.

Dogs most often grab the ankles, hands, forearms with the jaws of adults. A dog bite on the hand reflects the probability of wound infection up to 60%. Children have injuries to the head, neck, face, which is much more dangerous, injuries pose a threat to the child's life in 90% of cases.

Any bite of an animal poses a threat of wound infection - the ingress of viruses and bacteria that cause deadly diseases.

Dangerous consequences

The severity of the injury depends on the strength, the area of damage, the state of health of the animal, its likely consequences for the victim:

Psychological trauma - the greatest risk is borne by children, pregnant women, the elderly. It is important not only to treat a dog bite, but to prevent shock, the threat of termination of pregnancy, and heart attack in patients. Rehabilitation of victims can take years.
Blood loss - getting a bite into large arterial nodes, extensive lacerations lead to the development of bleeding, including internal bleeding. Sometimes effective care is possible only in a hospital setting.
Bite inflammation - wound infection leads to local purulent processes, sometimes to general blood poisoning, sepsis. The consequences of a dog bite on the hand without proper treatment become systemic for the whole body. The source of pathogenic organisms is, most often, the saliva of the animal, the victim's skin, the external environment. The time for the development of the inflammatory reaction depends on the state of the human immune system - from 8 to 24 hours.
Infection with rabies, tetanus are the most serious diseases leading to the death of the victim. The rabies virus is transmitted through the saliva of a sick animal, even in a small wound. Signs of the disease are not always noticeable in animals, as symptoms appear after 8-10 days.

The insidiousness of infection is in the latent incubation period. It seems to a person that home treatment of a wound with a dog bite is sufficient, but the manifestation of the disease after a few months will become irreversible.

The causative agent of tetanus is present in the soil, many contaminants, and easily gets into the wound. The lack of vaccination against the disease in 5 years is the basis for an urgent preventive vaccination.

The list of consequences is long, since many factors affect the patient's condition after a dog bite. The hand is swollen, what to do, how to treat - it is better to ask a trauma doctor than to look for an answer from friends-dog breeders.

Symptoms of complications

Getting rid of a canine attack with outpatient supervision is a great success. Even through tight clothing, an extensive hematoma remains on the body after a dog bite. The doctor selects the methods of treatment individually, taking into account possible complications.

After the bleeding stops, the open wound sometimes oozes, swelling and redness are formed. A rash appears around the damage, the skin itches, sometimes it becomes numb. Symptoms reflect the onset of an inflammatory response. Local manifestations, after a few hours, complement the discharge from the wound with a characteristic odor.

The general condition of the body is characterized by severe weakness, fever, increased pain. Medical supervision is essential to minimize severe complications.

Infection with rabies and tetanus manifests itself in the early stages, within 1-10 days, with similar symptoms:

increased soreness at the site of the bite;
an increase in body temperature;
headache;
irritability;
loss of appetite;
a state of anxiety, melancholy;
insomnia.

The closer the bite is to the brain, the faster and more obvious the clinical picture of an infectious lesion is observed. The development of tetanus follows the path of tension and muscle cramps, from facial muscles at the beginning of the process to skeletal muscles with systemic damage. The development of rabies reflects a person's loss of self-control, as the central nervous system is affected. Failure in the work of vital organs leads the victim to death.

First aid measures

It is important to know how to treat a dog bite wound to minimize the consequences. The first steps should be aimed at removing saliva on the skin, place injuries on the victim's body:

If possible, the puncture zone is compressed to release blood, from which part of the pathogenic bacteria comes out. Next, the damaged area must be washed with running water with the addition of laundry soap. The alkaline environment helps to get rid of many pathogenic microorganisms. It is this simple tool that often very effectively reduces the risk of infection with harmful viruses and bacteria. The water should not be very warm - this increases bleeding, very cold - causes muscle spasm.
Before treating dog bite wounds, an antiseptic treatment of the area with an available pharmacy agent is necessary - hydrogen peroxide 3%.
Then make a bandage with chlorhexidine or furacilin. If the hand is swollen and reddened, then the napkin should be moistened with a hypertonic solution (1 tablespoon per glass of boiled water) twice a day.

Many people wonder if dog bites can be smeared with iodine. It is better to use the "Yodditserin" agent, which is used to treat the wound around the periphery for a bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, local anesthetic effect.

Severe bleeding is reduced by elevating the limb or by applying a tourniquet or bandage. A sterile napkin is applied directly to the wound. If it is not there, then use a clean cotton cloth. The bandage should not be tight, pressing. To reduce pain, you need to take a pharmacy analgesic, it is useful to apply a cold compress.

Dog bite ointment is not used as a first aid measure. Wounds should not be cauterized, cotton wool, bandages should not be placed deep into the cavity.

Before treating a dog bite at home, it is important to visit a trauma center, where a professional wound treatment, rabies vaccination, and tetanus serum will be administered if necessary. The doctor will give advice on how to treat a wound after a dog bite.

Treatment

In a hospital setting, treatment of a dog bite wound is carried out much more thoroughly than at home. Doctors assess the severity of the injury, taking into account the individual characteristics of the victim's body, localization of the bite, and the extent of damage. Only doctors determine the nature of the therapy, the severity of the wound.

Deep wounds are subject to primary surgical treatment under local or general anesthesia:

removal of blood clots, foreign objects, dead tissue;
suturing of nerves, damaged vessels with massive bleeding;
restoration of the integrity of damaged muscles, tendons;
deep wound sanitation with antiseptic preparations.

Small wounds are not sutured, primary sutures are applied to extensive injuries with an obligatory drainage and rinsing system.

Emergency rabies vaccination is carried out taking into account the clarification of the vaccination history or in the absence of data. The course consists of 6 injections in the shoulder: on the day of treatment, then according to the scheme up to 90 days. Positive information about a dog that is bitten and not infected with rabies can interrupt vaccination.

The victim must be ready for hospitalization, since control of the condition of the bitten in the first days is very important for a favorable outcome of treatment.

Diagnostic measures include:

smears for bacteriological research;
a blood test to identify infectious agents;
Ultrasound, X-ray examination to establish the integrity of bones, joints, the presence of foreign bodies in the wound.

If necessary, an antibiotic drip is given, treatment is prescribed in a pressure chamber for oxygen saturation to prevent tetanus and gas gangrene.

The measures taken as prescribed by the doctor show how long the further therapy will be, which methods of wound healing are most effective for a particular patient.

When a small dog bite has occurred, home treatment is carried out with drugs prescribed by a doctor, traditional medicine as an addition to traditional methods.

Before treating a dog's bite at home with a compress, herbal infusion, you need to get the approval of your doctor. It is important to maintain wound hygiene, change dressings daily, apply healing ointment from a dog bite. It is recommended not to wet the damaged area with water, do not tear off the dried bandages. To prevent inflammation, use: Miramistin, 1% Dioxidin solution, syntomycin emulsion or Levomekol ointment.

Rehabilitation

The duration of the recovery process depends on many factors, but adherence to the rules for providing assistance, doctor's recommendations, in any case, greatly enhances the effectiveness of wound healing processes.

After being bitten, the victims heal not only physical, but also psychological trauma, often avoiding any meeting with dogs. Therefore, when dealing with animals, it is very important to understand that the reaction to careless human actions can be very unpleasant. Dog owners are responsible for their pets.

First aid for a dog bite:

The dog bit the brush from the outside. The bite is not strong, there is swelling, redness, fingers are compressed with difficulty. No temperature. Redness has a clearly visible border. Infection? Urgent medical attention or self-medication?

Answer

A dog bite is already a reason to see a doctor. Especially if the dog is a stray. If the dog has an owner, it is necessary to find out if the animal has been vaccinated against rabies. For pets, according to the law, such vaccination is mandatory.

Vaccination is often neglected by owners of non-purebred dogs living in private homes. If bitten by your own dog, the situation is facilitated by the available information about the vaccinations given to the pet. Swelling, redness, impaired motor function of the fingers are serious symptoms. Self-medication can greatly aggravate the situation and lead to unpredictable consequences.

First aid for a bite

If the inevitable has already happened, the first thing to do is to treat the wound with hydrogen peroxide. Thoroughly rinse the wound and lubricate the edges with iodine. Then carefully bandage and immediately go to the nearest medical center. Hydrogen peroxide can be replaced with water. The goal is to remove animal saliva containing rabies viruses, various bacteria and fungal infections from the wound.

The list of infections transmitted from dog to person is huge, and humans are not immune to most diseases. The body's response is individual and unpredictable. The condition of two different people after being bitten by the same dog may differ. Immunity, skin reaction, susceptibility to an allergic reaction and other components affect external manifestations.

Signs of infection

It is impossible to immediately determine the presence of an infection. It takes time for the infection to interact with the body. The first signs of infection appear after a few hours in the form of a white liquid discharge. Redness and rash appear around the edges of the wound, the bite site swells

This is due to the reaction of the muscles to the injury inflicted by the dog's jaws, the pressure of which, when squeezed, reaches tens of kilograms per square centimeter of skin, or a combination of mechanical trauma with the penetration of the infection. Only a veterinarian can recognize the event. Wound infection is accompanied by fever, swollen lymph nodes. Symptoms of infection appear within the first 24 hours after the bite. The most dangerous known infections are rabies and tetanus. Let us dwell on the description of the diseases in more detail.

Signs of rabies

Rabies has been known to mankind since the Middle Ages. Doctors know everything about this disease, except for the main thing - the direct treatment of the virus. The sentence for a sick person is death. Inattention and a late visit to a doctor leads to tragedy. The disease develops at an accelerated rate in the body.

A terrible feature of the virus is a latent form: a complication is detected half a year after the bite. The victim will no longer remember what was the cause. The incubation period in humans, i.e. the asymptomatic existence of the virus in the body lasts from 30 to 90 days. Short and long term cases are allowed: 10 days and a year, respectively. But this is rare.

If the animal has bitten on the hand, the probability of developing the disease is 30%, depending on the degree of soft tissue damage. The deeper the wound, the more likely it is to be affected by a serious illness. A large amount of saliva trapped in the wound will immediately cause symptoms of the disease. Rabies belongs to neuroinfections. The brain is affected and the nerve cells become inflamed - known as encephalitis. The consequences are irreversible and fatal. Symptoms in the early stages of development are as follows:

pain at the site of the bite, even with a prolonged wound;
a slight increase in temperature (up to 37.5C);
troubled sleep;
unreasonable irritability.

Later, the symptoms worsen:

fear of water, cramping when eating;
panic state;
cramps in the limbs;
pain in the eyes when exposed to light;
aggression for no apparent reason;
hallucinations.

Remember, if the symptoms of the disease have already appeared, treatment is not possible! To prevent infection, preventive measures are prescribed, in particular, injections of the rabies vaccine. It is not necessary to neglect the recommendations, especially if an unfamiliar dog has bitten. Immediate medical attention will protect the body from being damaged by the virus.

Tetanus is considered an extremely negative consequence of animal vinegar.

Signs of tetanus

Tetanus is a neuroinfection. With its development, the brain is affected. Neglect of preventive measures and treatment, which leads to a neglected condition, is a prerequisite for death. The roots of the disease go back to antiquity, when it was first described by physicians of that time. The solid experience of fame did not allow identifying the causative agent of the disease before the 19th century. The serum excreted at the same time is still used against tetanus.

The characteristic symptom of the disease is tonic convulsions. Due to the ingestion of toxic infections, the destruction of erythrocytes occurs, a consequence develops - necrosis of the heart muscle, which leads to the death of the patient. Signs of tetanus development appear 7-8 days after infection. The incubation period can take up to a month. Mild pain in the muscles can be easily attributed to the consequences of a bite, so the disease is not recognized in the early stages of development. Further, the virus develops rapidly, untimely access to a doctor leads to death.

The summary is this: if a dog, especially a stranger, has bitten, you need to immediately treat the wound with water, or better with an antibacterial solution, iodine, and consult a doctor. Self-medication is dangerous with unpredictable consequences and even death.

Dogs can get into a fight and bite each other for a variety of reasons.

Firstly, aggressive animals, asocial or poorly educated, provoke fights more often than others. Aggressiveness in a dog can be provoked by harsh treatment or improper upbringing, which can increase the dog's inherent aggressiveness.

Secondly, as a rule, males start fights.

Thirdly, it can easily occur at the first meeting and acquaintance of two sexually mature dogs. If the dog is balanced, then the acquaintance is peaceful.

Fourth, dogs can compete with each other if they live in the same territory.

1. How to separate fighting dogs?

Agree, the first thing the owners are in a hurry to do is to quickly pull the dogs apart. But, this is not easy to do.

To separate dogs you need:

Letting the dogs off the leash
It is strictly forbidden to beat the dog.
It is undesirable to separate the dogs by the collars, because the outstretched hand is perceived by the dog as a threat and the owners can be bitten
If, nevertheless, it is necessary to separate the collar, it should be done by two owners at the same time. In this case, the collars should be twisted as tightly as possible.
If the dogs are grappling on dead, grab them by the collars and prepare a leash. You will have to twist the collars to cut off the oxygen and hold the dogs until they begin to choke and open their mouths. The first one to open the mouth is quickly put on a loop from the leash
If during a fight, both owners are next to each other, try to stretch the dogs by their hind legs and tail.
Alternatively, use sticks to open the jaws.
You can pour a bucket of water over the heads of the fighters or throw a jacket

In fact, there is no single recipe, and you have to make decisions when you find yourself in the thick of things. That is, already in battle.

Do not stretch dogs holding a grip on each other. Deep lacerations are guaranteed. If dogs are fighting with grapples, wait until they disengage and pull them to the sides.

Once you have managed to breed the fighters, ask the owner of the other dog for the exact address, phone number and whether the animal is vaccinated against rabies. In return, also provide all the information about your dog's health. Better if you show each other passports with vaccination marks.

Then hurry home and carefully examine your dog for damage, centimeter by centimeter.

2. Bite wounds in a dog: first aid

If the dog has been bitten by another dog, there will be holes in the skin. These are teeth marks. They cannot be called harmless. Fractures are rare, but it is best to gently feel where there are bites.

First aid:

Inject an analgesic intramuscularly for severe pain. baralgin (for a dog weighing 30 kg or more - 1.5 ml) or analgin With diphenhydramine (1 ml: 1 ml)
dicinone
Use scissors to trim the hair around the wounds. Pre-treat scissors with an antiseptic
Treat all bite wounds 5% chlorhexidine or miramistin , and in deep wounds enter with a syringe
sulfacamphocaine

Note. There is no need to tie small wounds. Moreover, don't stop your dog from licking them. The fact is that these bite marks can quickly heal, and an abscess forms inside. Therefore, sometimes the longer the wound does not heal, the better. Of course, these wounds are not stitched up.

No matter how you assess the severity of the injuries inflicted, urgently show the dog to the veterinarian. Only a specialist can correctly assess the condition of the wounds and prescribe an effective course of treatment.
As a last resort, call your doctor for advice on antibiotics and medication for bites.

3. Laceration wounds in a dog: first aid

Torn wounds in a dog are loose flaps and torn skin. If the skin hangs down 2 or more centimeters, then this is a 100% laceration.

Often the cause of such serious injuries is misbehavior of the owners, who are struggling to pull the dogs away from each other.

If you are faced with such a disaster, your first task is to rush home and call a doctor. After all, lacerations bleed a lot and are often accompanied by painful shock. In addition, such wounds often need to be sewn.

Moreover, the dog may tremble, not respond to external stimuli, have a pale shade of the oral mucosa and a dropping temperature below 37 degrees.

The most dangerous are lacerations in the groin, abdomen, anus, and head.

First aid:

Give your dog a pain reliever immediately. It could be baralgin intramuscularly (for a dog weighing 30 kg or more - 1.5 ml) or analgin With diphenhydramine intramuscularly (1 ml: 1 ml)
You can give analgin tablets if you do not know how to give injections.
For severe bleeding intramuscularly dicinone (for a dog weighing 30 kg and above the whole ampoule)
Dampen a napkin with a warm solution furacilina and attach to the wound before the arrival of the veterinarian
If you notice that the dog has damaged blood vessels and muscles, wash the wound with a solution furacilina from the teapot, pour into the wound gelatin and make a tight bandage. This will help to suspend the blood and hold out until the doctor arrives.
If the animal has increased salivation, shortness of breath, and it trembles, give an injection sulfacamphocaine (for a dog 30 kg and above - a full intramuscular ampoule)

Most likely, after the examination, the dog will be prescribed a course of antibiotics. If there are localized suppurative inflammations (abscesses), the doctor will clean the wounds, provide drainage, and teach you how to clean the wound.

And further.

Observe the condition of the dog for the first 6 hours after being bitten. Feel the bites every hour - head, paws, withers. So you can feel painful swellings and barely noticeable wounds on them. In this case, it may be necessary to open them, rinse and put a drain.

It is also possible that, while feeling the bite sites, you will feel like rolling air bubbles or a kind of squelching under your fingers. This is a fibroma. And she requires immediate veterinary advice.

We wish your dog to meet only friendly and well-mannered fellow tribesmen on its way.

Be healthy!

Always yours, Dogs Balabaki.

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Dog bites are always difficult and may not end well. The most difficult is for young children and people who are unable to protect themselves. If the animal is not frightened off in time, it can leave lacerated wounds on the body. They will bleed, hurt, and vomit if you do not provide help in a timely manner. Today we will look at the causes of aggression and how to deal with a dog bite.

Why is the animal showing aggression?

There is no single breed, size or age of an animal that can bite. This can be done by absolutely any dog for various reasons. Even vaccinated pets attack their owners because they are "persecuted".
Very often animals bite when they want to play. It is at these moments that the pet can attack the child. There are also many reasons why an animal is aggressive against a person. Some people simply do not like people because they once caused harm.
Other dogs do not feel well, do not feel love for the owner, eat little. The main reason, perhaps, is the lack of upbringing. If the pet allows itself to be bitten even in jest, it will not see the difference.
The yard dogs, battered by life and bad attitude of people, are extremely aggressive. They huddle in flocks, then hunt a person with the whole swarm. Most often this happens for no apparent reason. And the place of the bite is the neck, calves, arms. Children are bitten on the face and the area closer to the shoulders.

First aid

A number of actions have been developed that you need to take in order to prevent deterioration of your health and to disinfect the wound in a timely manner.

Immediately you need to wash the wound with warm water with laundry or tar soap. It contains alkali, which will have a devastating effect on bacteria.
After rinsing is carried out, take peroxide or apply a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Disinfect to stop hissing. Then wait until dry. Take iodine or green stuff, treat the damaged area.
Now it is necessary to numb the wound and prevent the spread of infection to adjacent tissues. Santomycin ointment is suitable as a lubricant for damage.
Take a sterile bandage (required), lubricate it with the same product that you used to treat the bite area. Apply to the wound and wrap, making a kind of compress. Do not overtighten.
Now it's time to seek medical attention. Analyze the situation carefully, tell the doctor everything. If your dog has rabies or tetanus, targeted shots may be needed.

Home remedies for dog bites

There are times when there is no way to seek professional help in such a situation. To quickly disinfect the wound and help it heal faster, use simple remedies.
Take a suitable container and combine the turmeric powder with a little flower honey in it. Mix the ingredients. Wash the wound first with water and then with soap. Apply the prepared product to the bite site.
This combination of components has a powerful antiseptic effect. Also honey perfectly eliminates inflammatory processes. In addition, you need to consume ascorbic acid daily. Vitamin C should be taken until the wounds are completely healed.
Alternatively, it is suggested to use a healing ointment. To prepare it, you need to chop 3 walnut kernels. Stir in onion gruel and a pinch of sea salt to the raw materials. Stir the healing agent thoroughly.
Apply the compound to the bite site and secure it loosely with a bandage. The healing mixture is considered to be the most powerful remedy in such situations. You can also chop the onion and mix the gruel with 15 grams. honey, 7 ml. 3% vinegar. Apply the mass to the affected area.
Mix 80 gr. burdock roots with 250 ml. vegetable oil (any). Insist the remedy for at least a day. After that, boil the composition over lazy heat for several minutes. Pour the product into a glass container. This ointment is suitable for any type of wound. Use twice a day.
If you are in nature, celandine leaves can be applied to the wound. It is recommended to rinse the raw material with water or wipe it off from dust. You can also make a more potent remedy. Boil in 500 ml. water 50 gr. eucalyptus leaves. The procedure will take no more than 5 minutes.
After cooling, strain the composition and add 60 gr. natural honey. With this tool, you can treat any damage for disinfection and speedy wound healing.

This case is most dangerous because rabies itself is caused by a powerful virus. If it penetrates into human blood due to the bite and saliva of a dog, then damage to the nerve endings will begin to develop.
It is difficult to identify an animal with such a disease, but it is possible. The dog will be overly violent or, on the contrary, very calm. Due to constant spasms in the pharyngeal area, it is difficult for the animal to swallow, so it refuses to drink and eat. In rabid dogs, salivation increases, which is noticeable with the naked eye. In this case, the dog cannot bark, it only whines.
To determine for sure whether the rabies virus has transferred into your bloodstream, you need to pay attention to the accompanying symptoms. Signs include fever, itching, pain, and swelling within three days of the situation.
In advanced cases, there is an excessive violation of the psycho-emotional environment, overexcitement, anger. Sometimes - the fear of water, light, sounds, etc. It also becomes difficult for a person to swallow due to a swollen larynx, but this is in the last stages.
After you have been bitten by a dog, immediately prepare a warm soapy solution from shavings of household soap and water. Flush the wound liberally with it to kill bacteria. Then pour over with peroxide, dry, apply iodine or brilliant green.
Remember that you need to get vaccinated against rabies within the next three days. The injections are given within a month after the postponed situation. Then the doctor will say that after them you can not drink alcohol for 6 months. Otherwise, there will be no result. Rabies is an extremely dangerous disease that does not always manifest itself immediately. Therefore, be on your guard throughout the year.

Signs of rabies in humans

If we take the average data, the disease develops within 30-75 days after the bite occurred. But there are cases when it was possible to establish the first symptomatology after a week or, on the contrary, a whole year after the situation.
Often, the duration of infection varies depending on the stage of the disease the infected animal was at, how deep the wound was, how much saliva got into it, when the first injections were made, and whether vaccination was performed at all.
But the most important thing is the affected area. The closer the site is to the brain, the faster the disease will develop. Very quickly, rabies makes itself felt if the dog has bitten on the neck or face. A little later - legs, arms.
Conventionally, the entire process of the development of the disease can be divided into several stages. At an early stage, which lasts from 1 to 3 days, there may be an increase in temperature, pain in the affected area, headaches and migraines, pulsation in the temples, mental problems (apathy with anger, joy with sadness, withdrawal with fear, insomnia, etc.) etc.).
The next stage is called nothing but a period of full-fledged height of the disease. It lasts a couple of days. At this stage, the patient may be afraid of the noise of water, loud sounds, light, all this literally drives you into horror. The secretion of saliva also increases, some people notice foam. The patient can show unreasonable aggression, rush from corner to corner, be too emotional for 2-3 days.
In the last stage, a strong change in the physical and mental plane begins. Also, there are difficulties with the respiratory system, delirium, hallucinations, convulsive spasms, problems with blood circulation and the vascular system in general. Breathing is getting worse, there is a certain whistling sound. Then comes calm for a couple of days and death.

If you are faced with such a dire situation in which a child is attacked by a dog, you must remain calm. If you panic, you can only make things worse. Be clear and judicious. Rinse the wound immediately with warm water.
Then repeat the procedure with laundry soap. Treat the affected area with greenery or iodine. Such a composition should not go directly into the wound. After that, be sure to visit the emergency room.
As soon as you get to the hospital, be sure to explain to the doctor what exactly happened. Try to remember everything and tell in detail. This will avoid complications. If a pet is attacked, provide the specialist with a vaccination certificate.
Often in hospitals, the wound is washed and treated with a disinfectant. The doctor will also apply a sterile bandage to the affected area. As a last resort, a surgical operation is performed. The wound can be dangerous. If dirt or dirt gets into the wound, the baby will be vaccinated against tetanus without fail.
As for rabies injections, they are given if a stray animal attacks. The doctor himself will consider it necessary what to inject. Often times, a dog attacks a child out of fear. Children may not understand a lot and treat an animal like a toy. The child can squeeze him or pull strongly by the tail.
Because of this, even the most educated and devoted dog may not withstand such bullying. Instincts and emotions take over the animal. The dog may feel that he is in danger. Because of this, she attacks the child, so that everything would stop. Therefore, it is worth watching the child more, and not the animal.
In addition, the dog may be sick or feel bad. And if a child gets it, then nobody's nerves will endure. From pain, the animal will show aggression. Also, the pet can be jealous of the baby. Because of this irritation, aggression appears. Therefore, try to control the situation in any case.

Remember, if the dog bites hard enough and the wound is deep, see a doctor immediately. It is forbidden to independently use various drugs. Try to calm down and control yourself. Apply a bandage to stop the bleeding. Do not delay calling an ambulance.