How much is it in German. Free Russian-German translation of texts online

Date of: 10.01.2022

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German is spoken by millions of people, not only in Germany, but also in Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and other places around the world. Of course, in order to speak German fluently, you will have to study for a long time, but the simplest phrases can be mastered very quickly. Whether you're traveling to a German-speaking country, want to impress someone, or just get to know a new language a bit, the tips in this article will come in handy. We will teach you how to greet people, introduce yourself, say goodbye, thank you, ask basic questions or ask for help.

Steps

Part 1

Greeting and farewell

Use standard greetings. Each German-speaking country has its own special greetings. However, the following standard forms will be appropriate in any of them.

"Guten Tag" (guten so) - "good afternoon" (used as the most common greeting during the day)
"Guten Morgen" (guten morgen) - "good morning"
"Guten Abend" (Guten Abent) - "Good evening"
"Gute Nacht" (gute nacht) - "good night" (said before going to bed, usually only between close people)
"Hallo" (halo) - "hello" (used anywhere and anytime)

Remember the difference between formal and informal German. In German, as in Russian, it is customary to address unfamiliar and unfamiliar people in different ways (formally, to “you”) and to close acquaintances (informally, to “you”). However, unlike in Russian, in German the polite "you" in the singular and "you" in the plural are two different words. For example, to ask someone's name, you would say:
- "Wie heissen Sie?" (vi haisen zi) - "what is your name?" (formally)
- "Wie heisst du?" (wee heist du) - "what's your name?" (informally)
Say goodbye. The forms of farewell, like greetings, may differ depending on where you are and who you are talking to. However, in general, you can't go wrong if you use one of the following:
- "Auf Wiedersehen" (auf viderzeen) - "goodbye"
- "Tschüss" (chyuc) - "bye"
- "Ciao" (chao) - "bye" (this word is Italian, but often used by Germans)

Part 2

Starting a conversation

Ask the person how he is doing. You will not only show courtesy, but also demonstrate your knowledge of German!

Tell me how you are. If you are asked the question "wie geht es Ihnen?" or "wie geht" s?, you can answer in different ways.

Ask the person where he is from. A good way to start a conversation is to ask the interlocutor what city or country he is from. To do this, there are the following phrases (both formal and informal).
- "Woher kommen Sie?" (woher komen zi) / "woher kommst du?" (voher comst du) - “where are you from?” / "where are you from?"
- "Ich komme aus ..." (ih komme aus ...) - "I'm from ...". For example, "ich komme aus Russland" (ih kome aus rusland) - "I'm from Russia."
- "Wo wohnen Sie?" (wo wohnst du) / "wo wohnst du?" (wonst doo) - "where do you live?" / "where do you live?". The verb "wohnen" is used with the name of the city, street, exact address; for a country or continent (but often for a city too), "leben" is used - "wo leben Sie?" (wo leben zee) / "wo lebst du?" (in lebst du).
- “Ich wohne in ...” (ich wohne in ...) or “ich lebe in ...” (ich lebe in ...) - “I live in ...”. For example, "ich wohne / lebe in Moskau" (ih vone / lebe in moskau) - "I live in Moscow."

Part 3

Further communication

Learn a few more simple useful phrases."Ja" (I) means "yes", "nein" (nein) means "no".
- "Wie bitte?" (vi bite) - "I'm sorry?" (if you need to ask again)
- "Es tut mir leid!" (es here world - "I'm sorry!"
- "Entschuldigung!" (entschuldigung) - "I'm sorry!"
Learn to say "please" and "thank you." In principle, there is a formal and informal way of expressing gratitude, but the usual "danke" (danke) - "thank you" - can be used in any situation.
Learn to formulate simple requests and questions about objects. To find out if something is available in a store, restaurant, and similar places, you can ask "haben Sie ...?" (haben zi ...) - "do you have ...?" For example, "haben Sie Kaffee?" (haben zi cafe) - "do you have coffee?"
- If you want to ask about the price of something, ask the question "wie viel kostet das?" (vi fil costat das) - "how much does it cost?"
Learn to ask for directions. If you are lost or want to find a place, the following phrases will come in handy.
- To ask for help, say "Können Sie mir helfen, bitte?" (kyonen zi world helfeng, bitae) - "Could you help me please?"
- To ask for a location, say "Wo ist...?" (in ist ...) - “where is ...?”. For example, "wo ist die Toilette, bitte?" (wo ist di toilette, - “where is the toilet?” or “wo ist der Bahnhof?” (wo ist der bahnhof) - “where is the station?”
- To make your question sound more polite, start it with an apology: "Entschuldigen Sie bitte, wo ist der Bahnhof?" (entshuldigen zi bite, vo ist der bahnhof) - "Excuse me, please, where is the station?"
- To find out if a person speaks another language, ask: “Sprechen Sie englisch (russisch, französisch…)?” (shprechen zi English (Russian, French ...)), that is: “Do you speak English (Russian, French ...)?”
Learn to count in German. In general, German numerals follow the same logic as Russian or English ones. The main difference is that in numbers from 21 to 100, units are placed before tens. For example, 21 is "einundzwanzig" (aynuntzvantsikh), literally "one and twenty"; 34 is "vierunddreißig" (firuntdraisikh), literally "four and thirty"; 67 is "siebenundsechzig" (zibenuntzekhtsikh), literally "seven and sixty" and so on.
- 1 - "eins" (ains)
- 2 - "zwei" (zwei)
- 3 - "drei" (dry)
- 4 - "vier" (fir)
- 5 - "unf" (funf)
- 6 - "sechs" (zeks)
- 7 - "sieben" (ziben)
- 8 - "acht" (aht)
- 9 - "neun" (noyn)
- 10 - "zehn" (zein)
- 11 - "elf" (elf)
- 12 - "zwölf" (zwölf)
- 13 - "dreizehn" (dreizen)
- 14 - "vierzehn" (firzein)
- 15 - "ünfzehn" (fünfzein)
- 16 - "sechzehn" (zekhzein)
- 17 - "siebzehn" (zip chain)
- 18 - "achtzehn" (akhtzeyn)
- 19 - "neunzehn" (neunzein)
- 20 - "zwanzig" (zwanzig)
- 21 - "einundzwanzig" (aynuntzwanzig)
- 22 - "zweiundzwanzig" (zweiuntzwanzig)
- 30 - "dreißig" (dreißig)
- 40 - "vierzig" (firtsikh)
- 50 - "ünfzig" (funzich)
- 60 - "sechzig" (zekhtsikh)
- 70 - "siebzig" (ziptsikh)
- 80 - "achtzig" (ahtsikh)
- 90 - "neunzig" (neunzig)
- 100 - "hundert" (hundert)

Deutsch- Auch: Deutsch Deutscher Deutsche Bsp.: Du bist Deutsche, nicht wahr? …Deutsch Wörterbuch

Deutsch- Auch: deutsch Deutscher Deutsche deutscher deutsche deutsches … Deutsch Wörterbuch

Deutsch

Deutsch- deutsch / Deutsch deutsch Abkürzung dt. I. Kleinschreibung: Da das Adjektiv "deutsch" nur in Namen, bestimmten namenähnlichen Fügungen und in Substantivierungen großgeschrieben wird, gilt in den folgenden Fällen Kleinschreibung: – das deutsche… … Die deutsche Rechtschreibung

Deutsch- (das); (s); nurSg; 1 ohne Article; die deutsche Sprache Deutsch lernen, verstehen; (kein) Deutsch sprechen; etwas auf Deutschsagen; sich (mit jemandem) auf Deutsch unterhalten: Meine französische Freundin spricht fließend Deutsch; ein… …

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Deutsch- Deutsch, adj. et adv. den Deutschen eigen oder gemäß, aus dem Lande der Deutschen. 1. Eigentlich. Die Deutsche Tracht. Die Deutsche Sprache. Deutsche Weine, welche in Deutschland gezeuget werden. Der Deutsche Orden, S. Deutschmeister. Eine… … Grammatisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der Hochdeutschen Mundart

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Deutsch- steht fur: die deutsche Sprache das Adjektiv zum Staat bzw. Begriff – siehe Deutschland#Begriffsgeschichte und Landesname die rechtliche Mitgliedschaft einer natürlichen Person zur Bundesrepublik Deutschland, siehe deutsche Staatsangehörigkeit im … Deutsch Wikipedia

Deutsch- is the German language word for German (adjective). Deutsche are Germans, while Deutsche/ Deutscher is [a] German (female and male forms, respectively). Etymologically, the word originates from the Old High German word diutisc (from… … Wikipedia

Deutsch- Adj; 1 zu Deutschland und seinen Bürgern gehörig die Geschichte, der Staat, die Staatsangehörigkeit, das Volk: die deutschen Dichter und Denker 2 in der Sprache, die in Deutschland, Österreich und in Teilen der Schweiz gesprochen wird… … Langenscheidt Großwörterbuch Deutsch als Fremdsprache

Books

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The German alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet with diacritics for vowels ( ä , ö , ü ) and a letter ß , not used in other languages. There are alternative spellings for these letters: ae, oe, ue, ss, but their use loses its uniqueness.

2. Transliteration

Some of the German letters are translated into Russian unambiguously:

b	→ b	n	→ n	t	→ T
d	→ d	p	→ P	w	→ in
f	→ f	q	→ to	x	→ ks
g	→ G	r	→ R	y	→ And
m	→ m	ß	→ from	z	→ c

3. J

Combinations j + vowel transferred like this:

At the beginning of a word and after vowels ja → I, ja (je) → e, jo → yo, jo → yo, ju → Yu, ju → yuu: Jahns → Jens, Jul → july;

After consonants ja → ya, ja (je) → ye, jo → yo, jo → yo, ju (ju)→ ew: Lilje → Lilje.

Before a consonant and at the end of a word j → th.

4. Vowels and their combinations

German diphthongs are transmitted in transcription according to the following rules: eu → Oh, ei → ah, ie → And. A common tradition to pass eu (ei) → Hey (to her) is considered obsolete today, although many names and surnames are transmitted according to these rules: Reuters → Reuters, Geiger → Geiger.

After vowels e (ä ) → uh, i → th. At the beginning of a word e (ä , ö ) → uh, ü → And.

In other cases, vowels are transmitted by transliteration: a → but, e (ä ) → e, i → And, o → about, ö → yo, u → at, ü → Yu, y → And.

5. S, C, H

letter combinations sch, chh, ch, ph, rh, th in transcription are transmitted, respectively: sch → w, chh → hg, ch → X, ph → f, rh → R, th → T.

Combinations tsch, zsch And chs wholly belonging to one syllable are transmitted according to the rules tsch (zsch) → h, chs → ks: Achslach → Axlakh, Zschopau → chopau. Sometimes the components of these letter combinations refer to different syllables, in which case they are transmitted independently: Altschul → Altshul.

Before front vowels ( i, e, in borrowings also y) from → c: Cilli → cilly. In other contexts c → to: Carl → Charles.

Before letters p And t at the beginning of a word or part of a compound word s → w: Spray → spree. Before vowels single s → h, otherwise s → from.

In a position between a vowel and a consonant (or between a vowel and e) h omitted in transcription. In other provisions h → X.

The tradition of transmitting everywhere h → G Today it is considered obsolete, but many names and surnames are transmitted precisely according to this rule: Tannhauser → Tannhäuser, Heisenberg → Heisenberg.

The "transcriptor" does not know how to divide German words into syllables and compound words into parts.

6. Consonants

letter combinations gk And tz passed according to the rules gk → G, tz → c.

doubled ll It is conveyed in different ways, depending on the position in the word:

between vowels ll → ll: Ellerbach → Ellerbach;

At the end of a word and between consonants ll → ll: Tellkoppe → Tellkoppe;

In other positions ll → l or eh.

Before vowels l → l, before consonants and at the end of words l → eh.

In German names and titles v → f: Volkmar → Volkmar. But in names of foreign origin v can be transmitted through in: Crivitz → Krivits.

"Transcriptor" always transmits v how f.

7. Double letters

Doubled (long) German vowels are always transmitted as one: Klopeinersee → Klopeinersee.

Doubled German consonants are transmitted as doubled and in transcription if they are in a position between vowels or at the end of a word. In other positions, doubled German consonants correspond to one consonant letter of transcription: Blatt → Blatt, Schaffran → Saffron.

letter combination ck corresponds kk in a position between vowels, otherwise ck → to: Becker → becker, Dick → Dick.

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