Vaccine from intestinal infection. Is the vaccine from rotavirus? How does the rotavirus spread and how to cope with him

Frequent cause Strong diarrhea in children of the first year of life is Rotavirus. Rotavirus infection Amazes the gastrointestinal bodies in the absence of immunity. Modern medicine cannot offer specific therapy to relocate the negative effects of the virus on children's organism. Provide protection for children only vaccinations in early age vaccination against rotavirus.

Rotavirus may cause frequent diarrhea in children.

Description of infection

Rotavirus infection is viral disease, the main signs of which are diarrhea, vomiting, heat. Rapid development clinical picture leads to severe dehydration. Therefore, pathology is considered dangerous.

Amazes in the bulk of babies, but also children under 5 years old. According to statistics, in this age, 95% of children were infected with rotavirus. The most frequent cases of infection between the ages of 6 months to 1 year. By the age of two, they usually become at least 1 time, and by five - 2 times and more often. After that, persistent immunity is produced to all types of Rotavirus.

It can be infected with a fecal-oral path ("Hand-Roth"). Virus resistant to sanitary and hygienic measures, including chlorine and other strong cleaners. After infection, the causative agent is active and transmitted within 21 days. The disease is developing per day from the moment of infection, and symptomatic manifestations last 2-6 days.

Danger and complication

Rotavirus infection proceeds in children heavier, in comparison with other types of intestinal infections. The beginning of the disease is acute, accompanied by vomiting, fervor. On the second day of infection, diarrhea with liquid watery feces appears. Due to the increase in the number of defecations up to 10 per day, the dehydration and deficit of electrolytes occurs, which can lead to full outcome In 3% of cases. At the same time, immunity is strongly weakened, so the child is at risk:

• secondary bacterial infection;
• the hardest intoxication of the body;
• the development of hemorrhagic shock;
• began encephalopathy;
• development of ulcer enterocolitis;
• cardiovascular dysfunction.

The state caused by dehydration leads to a violation of the water-salt balance and dysfunction of the kidneys.

The need for vaccination

1. The vaccination is the only way of prevention in order to protect against rotavirus infection. Due to the high resistance of the virus to boiling, strong cleaners (chlorine, alkali, ether) completely secure the habitat of the baby does not seem real.
2. Rotavirus exists everywhere. They can be infected in the store, clinic, outdoor.
3. On this moment In Russia, the vaccination from rotavirus is not introduced into the mandatory vaccination calendar. But in many countries the situation is reverse. After inclusion in the vaccination calendar of the antimorition drug, the number of infection cases decreased by 85%, mortality - by 40%.
4. The risk of developing complications after vaccination is minimal.
5. Since the vaccine is taken orally, it can be used premature, infants with immunodeficiency.

Today, the vaccination is made on voluntary grounds in private clinics and vaccination centers.

Types of drugs

The action of the vaccination against rotavirus is aimed at facilitating the course of the disease after rotavirus infection. Today there are two types of vaccines:

1. Rotatete vaccine (USA). Vaccination in Russia is produced since 2012. The preparation contains 5 rotavirus serotypes. Allowed to use in prematched babies. Vaccination is made from 6 to 12 week of the life of the baby. Complete in 3 stages.
2. Rotarix preparation (Belgium). Vaccine is a weakened alive strain. Allowed to use in children from 1.5 months. The vaccination is administered orally and combined with the Vaccine of the DCDC and the drug from polio. Maximum efficiency is achieved when used in the first 6 months of the life of the baby.

Valuation scheme

1. Standard three-step diagram of the introduction of the vaccine: in 8-15 weeks; in the period of 4-8 months; At 6 months (done according to the testimony). Vaccine can be used in conjunction with other preventive vaccinationsexcept BCG. The interval between the repeated introduction of rotavirus vaccines is 1-1.5 months.
2. The adjusted scheme of the introduction of imported vaccines: "Rotarix" can be introduced with DC and a drug from polio in 3 and 4.5 months; "Rotatete" - from 6 weeks, but in the interval from 3 to 6 months.

Problems with the intestines in children in many cases are evidence of rotavirus infection. Standard I. rapid treatment From her today does not exist. The only way to protect - the vaccination from the rotavirus, which to put the kids began since 2014 everywhere, albeit not in obligatory.

Symptoms infection

You may understand that the child has this infection, if a number of the following symptoms are observed:

• The chair is watery, there is no blood impurities.
• It is nauseous and even vomiting.
• Body Temperature Baby rises.
• Pains are observed in the epigastric region.
• There is general intoxication of the body.

The disease has complications. Therefore, doctors recommend that it is mandatory to put the vaccine from rotavirus to children at the appropriate age.

Infection from the Rotavirus infection

Rotarix vaccine is put to children through the mouth, it is not required to prick it. Protects such a vaccination exclusively from diarrhea caused by rotavrirus, the baby does not insure the kid from other reasons. But, based on studies conducted in the United States, the number of babies entering the ambulance intestinal problems It is because of this infection that has decreased by more than 80%. The main feature of this vaccination is that it is possible to put it in parallel with others, it will not bring any harm to it.

Vaccination is carried out in two stages:

• In two months.
• At the achievement of four months.

You can not enter the first dose to children under six weeks from the family. The maximum term for the first dose is 14 weeks. The maximum period for re-dose is 8 months.

• After the first dose arose allergic reaction - The second in this case will not be put.
• It is already known that there is an allergy to some components of the vaccination composition.
• The child's immune system is significantly complicated, the child suffers from immunodeficiency.
• The child just got sick of something serious. In this case, vaccination is simply postponed.
• If the baby has an acute intestinal obstructionThis is recommended to provide a doctor.

Before passing some procedures to small children, parents always need to be pre-clarified, whether it is appropriate. Be sure to learn about all the consequences of the infection itself, as well as possible side effects from the strain introduced into the body. In rare cases there are really complications, but since the vaccine is allowed to use on small children, in general it is completely safe.

The rotavirus vaccine makes it possible to protect against many problems with a liquid chair throughout the first three years of life of your baby. Today, many pediatricians recommend putting it and not worry about possible consequences: They arise extremely rarely.

Possible complications

Most frequent complicationwhich vaccine can cause an allergic reaction to some components of the strain. The child is allergic, parents can not know yet. She will manifest after the first dose will be delivered. And it will mean that it cannot be repeated in any case.

Vaccination can pass normally, no changes to the parents will not be marked in behavior, nor the health of their baby. But the following complications can be marked:

• Increased irritability.
• Temporary attack of vomiting or diarrhea with blood appeared in it.
• In very rare cases - intestinal invagination.
• Stomach ache.
• Heart palpitations.
• Allergic rash on the skin.
• Edema in the area of \u200b\u200bthe throat, hoarse in breathing.

If after vaccination has been taken marked similar symptoms, It is necessary to urgently turn to the doctor. Most likely, re-vaccinating from rotavirus infection to your baby will not put. Do not think that such a problem may occur only because of this vaccination. Any toddham administered to the body can potentially damage the body, even the most common DC.

All "for" and "against"

Vaccination from rotavirus has become not so long ago. Many mothers have not yet become accustomed to the fact that their children may need another vaccination in addition to the fact that it is already necessary to put. Therefore, many also refuse, considering it inexpedient.

Frequent arguments against vaccinations from Rotavirus infection:

• Immunity to the virus produced natural way "After all, somehow children coped, why do you need to do it now?"
• You do not need to generally load the body of the baby with an extra vaccination, he also gets a stress stress because of all this.
• Many parents do not consider vaccination from Rotavirus, as well as the infection itself, something really necessary. Many people think exclusively in order to pull out more money from people.

As in fact:

• During the disease, dehydration and intoxication are noted, it proceeds with complications, causing many torments in the child.
• Rotavirus - SAMIA frequent infection, Because of which the kid suffers from diarrhea, it is recommended to protect it, the parents themselves will even be easier to change the diapers.
• This vaccine is placed simultaneously with the rest of vaccinations, there is no additional stress from it.

It is necessary to decide whether or not, parents will have to parents. The main thing is to consult with a pediatrician and completely accurately learn everything about the virus, possible side effects and an allergic reaction. This refers to any vaccination, not only rotavirus.

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What are the vaccination "Rotatek", not so long ago appeared in Russia? This vaccine causes the generation of immunity to a human rotavirus infection. According to statistical data, Rotavirus is a culprit of more than half cases of hospitalization of children with acute intestinal diseases. Every year all over the world on hospital treatment About 2 million small patients arrive from rotavirus enteritis. Mainly this problem is relevant for children up to five years. An adult is a carrier of rotavirus and rarely falls.

Disease is dangerous by what is accompanied by strong vomiting and diarrhea high temperatures and dehydration. Sometimes it is also called intestinal flu. In addition, often the child is sick twice, because Rotavirus has many varieties and immunity to one of them does not give full protection From another. In connection, with such a situation, vaccines against rotaviruses were developed, which successfully apply to 41 countries in the world. One of these vaccinations is the Rotatete vaccine.

Characteristics of the Rotatete vaccine

Manufacturer "Rotatek" - Corporation "Merk Sharp and Dum", USA (Merck Sharp & Dohme, Corp.). Vaccine used in European countries is packaged in the production located in the Netherlands.

The "Rotatek" includes living cultures of human and bovine rotavirus five subtypes: G1, G2, G3, G4 and P1A, as well as excipientsensuring the preservation of microorganisms. Vaccine is called reassortable, that is, produced using methods genetic engineering. Vaccine Rotavirus is combined - it contains certain areas of the genome, causing the most favorable immune reaction. Such a combination ensures the development of good protection against viruses, showing greater variability and constantly changing their antigenic structure.

The issue of incorporating the "Rotatete" vaccine into the national calendar of Russia vaccinations is still open. According to the statements of representatives of Rospotrebnadzor, such a measure will be enacted in 2016. So far, those who want to instill their child from Rotavirus enteritis should do this at their own expense.

Description of the instruction "Rotatete"

According to the "Rotatete" instructions, it is used to prevent rotavirus infection exclusively in childhood. The vaccine is a solution for oral administration, that is, drops in the mouth. It is packed in a tube-dispenser containing one vaccine dose. Liquid from the tube squeeze the child in the mouth on interior surface cheeks. If the baby spat or jumped the vaccine, you do not need to repeat the introduction.

Contraindications for the vaccination "Rotatete":

• acute infectious diseases accompanied by an increase in temperature;
• immunodeficiency states;
• development defects intestinal tractpredisposing to invagination wall or intestines in history;
• diarrhea or vomiting;
• previously arising allergic reactions to the introduction of this vaccine;
• violations of the enzyme complex: insufficiency of sucrose enzymes and (or) isomaltase, fructose intolerance, impaired absorption of glucose-galactose complex.

"Rotatek" is compatible with most vaccines used according to the national vaccination calendar. It can be done simultaneously with vaccinations against tetanus, diphtheria, rubella, measles and vapotitis, hepatitis B virus, hib infection, pneumococcal and meningococcal infections.

The "Rotatek" vaccination is compatible with any cough vaccine containing a bedless component of the cough. Simultaneously with all-cell vaccines against the cough, it is impossible to vaccinate it.

Also "Rotatete" is introduced simultaneously with inactivated vaccines against poliomyelitis. Combining vaccination with the vaccination of living oral polyovaccinia is impossible, since the interaction is not fully studied. There is evidence that such a combination of drugs reduces the immune response to the Rotavirus.

Dates of the Vaccination "Rotatete"

When do the vaccination "Rotatete"? Since the vaccine is not included in the vaccination calendar, the duration determines the pediatrician directly. Rotatete vaccination diagram is based on the recommendation set out in the instructions for the drug.

1. The first dose of vaccine is introduced to children aged 6 to 12 weeks.
2. How old is Rotatete? Until the age of 8 months, it is necessary to complete the full course of these vaccinations.
3. How many times do "Rotatete"? The vaccine is introduced three times with an interval between vaccinations in 4-10 weeks.

Thus, the Rotatek chart may look like this:

• age 3-4.5-6 months, which coincides with scheduled vaccinations on the calendar;
• or 2-4.5-6 months;
• if necessary, early protection vaccination is carried out in a short time: for 6-14-22 weeks.

It is not recommended to introduce the first dose after the age of 15 weeks. But if nevertheless, such a situation arose, then the maintenance of the next two doses is made with a minimum interval of 4 weeks. Do not accumulate "Rotatete" is not required.

Side effects

Are there complications on "Rotatete"? Among side Effects On the introduction of "Rotatek" in rare cases, the following complications are noted:

In the remote consequences of vaccinations, an allergy on the type of urticaria can develop. Also in children with low immune status Gastroenteritis were recorded with the release of the vaccine virus.

Efficiency of vaccine

Immunity is produced after three administrations of the "Rotatek" vaccine and protects the child throughout the critical period - up to five years. Like any other vaccine, "Rotatete" does not make one hundred percent guarantee from intestinal flu, but significantly reduces the number of ill and facilitates the process of the course of the disease.

Rotatete causes immunity generation to all G-serotypes of rotavirus, incoming and absent in the vaccine. Efficiency to severe rotavirus enteritis is about 98% during the first season after vaccination and about 70% over the next two seasons. The conducted studies have proven that the Rotatete vaccine significantly reduces the frequency of hospitalizations, appeals to the doctor and loss of working days of child care.

How to prepare a child for vaccination

Special preparation for the vaccination "Rotatete" is not required. Both before and after vaccination you can eat, drink juices and other liquids, feed it breast milk.

The drug itself cannot be mixed with outsiders or food, other drugs.

Lungs colds Are not contraindicated to vaccination. The drug can be used in premature children born on the period after 25 weeks of pregnancy.

The reaction of the body to vaccine

What could be the reaction of a child on the Rotatete vaccine? The reaction of the body at the child on "Rotatete" is usually absent. The vaccine is easily transferred to a children's organism without delivering trouble. In the conducted studies, there were manifestations of vomiting, diarrhea or increasing temperature, which did not exceed the frequency of the same reactions in the group of children without vaccination (placebo).

After vaccination with the child, you can walk on the street. You can buy a kid on the day of vaccinations.

After vaccination, prophylactic antipyretic is inappropriate, as the temperature rises very rarely and more often associated with other factors (a cold, the teeth are cut).

So, "Rotatete" is a modern genetically hen vaccine against rotavirus enteritis, or as it is also called intestinal influenza. The vaccine is used exclusively in pediatrics, since the risk group for rotavirus enteritis is children up to the five-year-old age. "Rotatete" is put by the oral method, that is, they drip the child in the mouth. To form immunity, it is necessary to introduce a vaccine three times on a single vaccination dose, the interval between the introductions is from 4 to 10 weeks. At the same time, the first dose is vaccinated between the ages of 6 and 12 weeks. The introduction of the first dose after 15 weeks of life of the child is not recommended, since in this case the effectiveness of vaccinations in general is not sufficiently studied. The vaccination course should be completed to eight-month age, no revaccination is required.

Rotatete is easily transferred to children, and complications from it are extremely rare and are connected mainly with the individual intolerance to the components and immunodeficiency states. At the same time, almost every unqualified child under the age of five years is twice with intestinal influenza. Therefore, vaccination of children against rotavirus is recommended throughout the territory of the Russian Federation, it is planned to include in the Russian national calendar vaccinations since 2016.

Vaccine options

Existing vaccines are based on the receipt of lively attenuated strains of the rotavirus of human and / or animal origin, which multiply in the intestine of a person. In the international market there are two rotavirus vaccines: monovalent (RV1 - "Rotarix") and pentavalent (RV5 - "Rotatete"). The RV1 vaccine was obtained on the basis of a human strain, while the RV5 vaccine contains 5 recombinants of viruses obtained on the basis of human and bull strains. In Russia, the Rotatete vaccine (pentavalent RV5) is used - it is oral and contains 5 recombinants of rotaviruses derived from human and bullish parent strains of the virus.

Interchangeability of Vaccines RV1 and RV5 has not been studied.

Principles and objectives of vaccination

Rotaviruses infect almost every child until they reach the age of 3-5 years and are the world's main cause of the occurrence of heavy diarrhea with the dehydration of the body of children aged 3-5 years. Every year, in the period before the introduction of the vaccine (1986-2000), more than 2 million children in the world were hospitalized about the rotavirus infection. According to the calculations of WHO, in 2008 there were approximately 453,000 (420,000 - 494,000) fatal outcomes among children associated with the disease Rotavirus Gastroenteritite (RVGE).

Currently there are no specific therapy for rotavirus infection. According to WHO's recommendation, rotavirus vaccines should be included in national immunization programs and are considered in priority, especially in countries with a high level of mortality associated with RVGE, as the countries of South and South-East Asia and Africa, located south of the Sahara. The use of rotavirus vaccines must be a component of a comprehensive strategy to combat diarrheal diseases. By the end of 2013, the rotavirus vaccine was introduced in 52 countries, and this vaccine coverage reached 14%.

The first dose of the rotavirus vaccine, on the WHO Recommendation, must be introduced as early as possible - upon reaching a child of 6 weeks of age. The RV1 vaccine should be administered twice, and the RV5 vaccine is introduced three times. Both vaccines are administered orally, with an interval of at least 4 weeks between doses. The "Rotatek" vaccine can be administered in one day with any other vaccines (DC, inactivated polyomelitis vaccine, vaccine against hemophilic and pneumococcal infections, etc.) besides an oral alive polio vaccine.

Efficiency of vaccines

As effective means Against Rotavirus WHO recommends conducting preventive vaccination. Existing vaccines There are 80-90% effectiveness against heavy rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) in countries with a very low or low level of mortality from disease among children and adults and 40-60% efficiency in countries with high mortality among children and high or high or Very high level of adult mortality. In developed countries, a decrease in the incidence of RVGE was observed several years after immunization. In Mexico and Brazil, vaccination led to a reduction in deaths due to diarrhea, 22-28% among children aged 2 years and younger.

In most cases, vaccination in infancy provides protection against severe RVGE, at least for 2 years (the period of the greatest risk).

Children of infant age can receive a rotavirus vaccine along with DC, regardless of vaccination time. The vaccinations of rotavirus vaccine children under the age of 2 years are not considered inexpedient. Rotavirus vaccines can be administered simultaneously with other planned vaccines for children, except for oral polio vibrant vaccine.

Palcepant reactions

Existing rotavirus vaccines are safe and tolerant. And in some cases the following reactions are possible: malaise, increase body temperature, nausea, diarrhea, which will soon pass.

Risk of post-specific complications

In extremely rare cases, invagination of the intestine may occur, which can lead to obstruction (about 1/100 000 vaccinated children).

Contraindications

The main contraindications for vaccination against rotavirus infection are a heavy allergic reaction to the previous dose and severe immunodeficiency. Cautions for the use of rotavirus vaccine are invagination or defects of intestinal development in history, chronic gastrointestinal diseases And sharp serious disease. Vaccination must be postponed when a child has acute gastroenteritis or fever against the background of severe or medium severity of the disease.

When to vaccinate?

In Russia, it is currently registered and allowed to use the RV5 vaccine ("Rotatete"). You can begin vaccination with 6 weeks of life. It should be remembered that, according to the instructions for the drug, the first dose of the vaccine is introduced on the period not later than 12 weeks of 6 days of life, and the last one is not later than 36 weeks. The minimum interval between vaccinations is 4 weeks.

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Questions and answers

Is it possible to start vaccination with a tack of 3.5 months. to kid?

If you mean a vaccine against rotavirus infection, then the first vaccination is carried out up to 3 months.

Son for 3 months, we made Pentaxim. In a month, the doctor said, it will be possible to get a rotavirus infection of the Rota vocabulary and from pneumonia Vaccine prevenar 13. It's not too late to begin vaccination against rotavirus infection?

Replies Harit Susanna Mikhailovna

According to the instructions, the first rodate vaccination is made up to 12 weeks, and this is less than 3 months.

According to the national vaccination calendar vaccination against pneumococcal infection is carried out with 2 months of life. This is done with the aim to protect children's children as early as possible from this infection, since it is small children that are seriously ill and die from the pneumococcal infection (sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia). Therefore, check and protect your child from severe infections.

My son is 7 months old, he made 2 Rotatek vaccinations in the clinic, said that all. Most recently, I accidentally found out that you need to go through 3. I asked the doctors, why I did not report this, it turned out that there was no more this vaccine into our clinic, and therefore they cannot make the third vaccination. Can it be? Is it true that the third need to be made before reaching the son of 8 months? And where can I get 3 vaccine to put her son?

Replies Harit Susanna Mikhailovna

You can make 3 vaccinations against rotavirus infection if at least 4 weeks have passed after 2 vaccination. All three doses are recommended to introduce 32 weeks before reaching the child. It is possible to make a vaccine in the private center or purchase it in the pharmacy while complying with the norms of transportation.

In 1 year 3 months, my child was overdone in severe Rotovirus, norovirus. Seven months passed, but we are still treated with a gastroenterologist. The child has functional disorder intestines, dysfunction of the gallbladder in hypokinetic type. Please tell me if we can put a vaccine from rotavirus now and is it advisable?

Replies Harit Susanna Mikhailovna

The vaccine against rotavirus infection at your age is no longer done, vaccinations are recommended for children on the 1st year of life.

The husband transported the Rotatete vaccine to another city. After drinking it in a pharmacy, her husband advised to buy a cooling container, and to freeze it in the freezer, then bind the vaccine and transport it. Time in the way took 5 hours. Is it possible to introduce such a vaccine to a child? It seems to me that if you bind a vaccine to a frozen container, then the vaccine will freeze!

Replies Harit Susanna Mikhailovna

You are absolutely right if there was ice in the container. But if there was a water mixture and ice-vaccine should not freeze. However, living vaccines to which rotavirus belongs do not increase reactority at a temperature of less than 0, unlike non-living, and, for example, freezing to -20 degrees is allowed for live polio.

Is it possible to adult to hurt from Rotavirus, if every year I am sick, there is no gallbladder, thanks!

Replies Harit Susanna Mikhailovna

No, there is no point in vaccination for adults. Adults do not get sick very hard, and the task of the rotavirus vaccine is to prevent heavy forms Diseases with dehydration in babies. Then throughout the life, the disease is still possible, but in easy form. Perhaps it is worth talking to the gastroenterologist about preventive measures, for example, the treatment of biopreparations.

Are we 4.5 months? Can we vaccinate the rotavirus or have we been late?

Replies Harit Susanna Mikhailovna

Unfortunately, late, according to instruction to the vaccine, the first introduction is carried out to 3 months.

In the summer of 2014, the vaccination of children from 1.5 to 8 months began against rotavirus infection. Many parents are perplexed: another vaccination, and at such an early age - why is it needed? We collected the main myths about the rotavirus and with the help of experts found out than he threatens children.

Myth 1. Rotavirus infection is diarrhea and vomiting, it's unpleasant, but quickly passes

Yes, it is approximately so the disease occurs in adults - it is also called "intestinal". However, most of the sick - children of the first years of life, adults are getting 10 times less often. Almost every child to achieve 3-5 years transfers rotavirus infection (RVI). 1 out of 5 appeals to the doctor, 1 out of 65 needs hospitalization, approximately 1 out of 293 dies.

The biggest danger of any intestinal infection and rotavirus in particular - fluid loss by the body. Rotavirus is striking the intestinal cells, which is why its ability to split and suck nutrients and develops diarrhea (diarrhea). In children under 2 years of age, the loss of liquid with diarrhea and vomiting occurs very quickly, and if the child is not fastened with a special salt solution, it threatens dehydration, which can lead to a brain ebony.

According to the expert of WHO Professor Vladimir Tastenko, half of the fallen children can be discharged under the control of the doctor, but the rest to maintain the water and electrolyte balance in the body requires a dropper. "RVI mortality today depends on the level and availability of rendering medical care"," Confirms Alexey Rtishchev, the main freelance specialist in infectious diseases In children in the Central Committee of Moscow.

Most often children are sick from 6 to 12 months, located on artificial feeding: their intestines due to this type of nutrition more vulnerable, and they do not receive immune support from maternal milk.

The disease begins sharply with temperature and vomiting, and then diarrhea appears, which lasts usually 3-7 days. Here are the data on symptoms in children from 6 months to 3 years, hospitalized with rotavirus infection:

• chair up to 10-15 times a day;
• vomiting for 2-3 days - in 78.9%;
• temperature above 38.5ºС - 68.3%;
• catarial manifestations from the top respiratory tract, persistent 3-4 days - in 81.2% of children.

(According to the Research Institute of Children's Infections of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency.)

Myth 2. Rotavirus - dirty hand disease, if you follow the rules of hygiene, it is not dangerous

Indeed, Rotavirus causes a disease in the form of an acute intestinal infection (OKI), but unlike other pathogens, it is extremely infectious, and ordinary hygiene measures against it are ineffective.

The main way of spreading rotavirus is fecal-oral, directly from a person to a person or through infected items. It is also possible to infection through food and water, as for other intestinal infections, as well as airborne droplets.

The transmission of the virus is possible before and after the appearance of symptoms of the disease, as well as from the sick asymptomatic. Infected people stand out with a chair a huge amount of viral particles: it starts 2 days before the appearance of symptoms and can last up to 2 months after the disappearance of the symptoms of the disease.

It is not surprising that the most risks babies, begin to crawl and walk, - after all, they all drag in the mouth. The disease is also susceptible to adults for sick children.

Rotavirus can persist in low humidity conditions, including smooth surfaces, it is relatively resistant to soap for hands and common disinfectants (Only concentrated solutions of alcohol, chlorine, iodine) are affected on the rotavirus. Specialists do not exclude the spread of rotavirus through a contaminated water supply system, as well as through infected food in public catering.

According to Professor Leyla Namazova-Baranova, Directors of the Research Institute of Preventive Pediatrics and Recovery Treatment of the Scientific Center for Children's Health, one of the most "infectious" places - children's hospitals. 27-30% of small French and Americans face rotavirus infection during treatment in children's hospitals about other diseases. 70% of children hospitalized in the Scientific Center for the Health of Children with Rotavirus, before that were in other children's hospitals, where there was infection.

Studies confirmed: the prevalence of rotavirus infection in countries with a high and low level of sanitary and hygienic conditions is the same. Since rotaviruses are actively circulating in developed countries with everywhere available clean waterIt is believed that only hygienic measures for victory over Rotavirus is not enough.

Hands wash, of course, it is necessary. But if you grow a child not in a secluded place, attend a children's clinic, go to educational classes and are going to lead the baby in kindergarten, the chance of a collision with rotavirus is quite high.

Myth 3. If this is a virus, then immunity must persist after illness

Rotavirus, opened in 1973 and named after his round shape (from "Rota" - wheel, lat.), Has many varieties - serotypes. Acquired after a disease caused by one serotype does not protect against others, thus rotavirus infection can be sick several times. There is evidence that the RVI had time twice, a person acquires immunity, but has not been full-fledged research.

To date, it is known that the acquired immunity after vaccinations Against Rotavirus lasts 5 years (perhaps and longer, but the vaccine is released only in 2009, and for a longer study there is no data yet).

Myth 4. Vaccination against Rotavirus - by epidemic testimony. But there is no epidemic, it means that it is not necessary to do it

This is what Professor Irina Lykina explained to us, deputy. The chief physician of the city advisory and diagnostic center for specific immunoprophylaxis. The national calendar of the vaccinations of the Russian Federation includes vaccination that all children in Russia make for free, at the expense of the federal budget. The national calendar for epidemic testimony contains vaccinations, the decision to hold regional authorities depending on the epidemic situation. Such vaccination is carried out at the expense of the budget of the subject.

In Moscow - not the worst situation with Rotavirus (48.7 illsant per 100 thousand population, among children under 17 years old - 188.93 ill per 100 thousand population), but the incidence is growing about 3.5% annually. Therefore, it was decided to vaccinate the Moscow children of the first half of the day of life against rotavirus infection. All children's clinics have already obtained the required amount of vaccine and recommendations for its use. Perhaps, after time, the experience of Moscow will be able to spread to other regions of the Russian Federation.

Myth 5. The child in the first six months of life and so constantly instill. Too big load on immunity

Vaccination against Rotavirus today is included in the national calendars of the vaccinations of 69 countries of the world. In many of them, the incidence of RVI significantly decreased. Thus, in the US, two years after the introduction of the planned vaccination of rotavirus, it became less than 85-94%. After the introduction of vaccination in Mexico and Brazil, mortality from acute intestinal infections fell by 22-41%. At the same time, the post-specific complications were detected.

According to the observations of pediatrics, Moscow children, vaccinated this summer, avoided intestinal infections at Bulgaria resorts, where cases of such diseases are rather a rule than an exception for almost all resting kids.

Vaccine against rotavirus - oral, burst into a child in his mouth. Duration of vaccination is designed based on the prevention of the RVI incidence peak, which falls on 6-12 months. The first vaccination is recommended to do in 2 months (simultaneously in the pneumococcal vaccine), the second - at 3 months (along with ADH), the third is 4.5 months (along with ADH).

Alexandra Fedorova

Comment Article "5 Myths about Rotavirus: Who is sick and why need an adhesive

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Discussion

Fully agree - self-examination is most often increasingly hazardous than the disease itself. We have long for the child for the child for the prevention and not one doctor went around. Inflocide approached us the most. But now our defense does not make failures even during periods of strong epidemics and threats to the baby's health is no no.

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Discussion

For bacterial infection Native to take antibiotics to a child

12/22/2018 07:24:01, Lyuba Mazanova

on blood test
high temperature viral
bacterial can and without it
but at one temperature do not understand - this is not always the dependence

At the moment, hepatitis A, B, C, D. The most contagious and easily transmitted is the most contagious and easily transmitted, the hepatitis A. The source of infection is considered to be the patient itself, therefore it is necessary to carry out thorough prevention of the spread of infection. First of all, the patient needs to be isolate, provide individual personal accessories and dishes. Hepatitis B, C and D are transmitted through blood, as well as through any isolation of the body (saliva, sperm, etc.). High risk of infection with hepatitis, through blood ...

Discussion

Indeed, hepatitis in we prevent vaccination, which is provided for by the national vaccination calendar.
There is also vaccination against hepatitis A, however, it is not fulfilled, at the request of the parents and recommendations of the doctor - before traveling to Asian countries, for example.

* And when to start? The earlier start to study - the more effective! An occupation of 45 minutes at 4 years is more effective than the same classes at 6-7 years 3-4 times! You are no longer achieving those results that could be achieved if you started doing mathematics from 4 years old! * And before 4 years you can do mathematics? You can not, but you need! But this is already without a goverr or tutor. Either nanny should be quite advanced, either mom or grandmother with grandfather. * What about doing? Mathematics - not only the score from ...

Hello everyone! Girls, answer, who is the same as my older daughter, goes in September in the first class in Lyceum 1571. And then we are not entirely local, in the sense that on the other hand M.Plannyna. In the garden generally went to the beginning of Svoboda ul. In short, the company is not ... Yesterday passed the last "mass" meeting. Same, unfortunately, could not attend, as long before that were bought tickets to the theater. There was a grandmother. Who is at what building and to which teacher did you get? We were originally hit by Fomicheva ...

Discussion

My daughter goes to class 1-3 to Natalia Mikhailovna in a building on freedom 81-1.
I would join the form, but I want to take a little somewhere. Judging by the dimensional grid, the smallest size will be great.
There is still a shop-atelier globe on falcon, there skirts and sundress of the same coloring.

Last year, they simply gave a 10 %% discount on the form, if you are from the lyceum 1571. But there is nothing to buy on the boys ...

Vaccination is the only one effective way Prevention of the effects of rotavirus infection, which pose a serious threat to the health and life of children. This conclusion was made by experts during the round table, which took place on September 27 in Moscow on the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with the International Participation of Pharmacotherapy and Dietology in Pediatrics with the support of MSD. Rotavirus infection is not accidental in the spotlight practical ...

About childbirth myth number 5. Birth is the greatest pain that can only be and lasts until 24 hours! There are many childhood myths, but they are usually talking about how it is impossible to hurt, as it is hard to survive and how we, women, are not lucky in this life. I must say that you have gone, not so smoothly and calmly as a pregnancy. But even so I can refute this myth! So, in order ... It all started on April 5 somewhere around 8 in the morning. Husband went to ...

Three times we went with children to Turkey. One time was robbed Rotovirus. With a challenge of the ambulance. Then I was taught prevention. The doctor of the highest category, the aunt is paid to the house came. A few days before departure and on the day of departure-arbidol and candles, Viferon. Treat to the imunoomodulators and stimulant, but it works here. Previously, it is preferably the same. But I score. Now children 8 and 13 years old with a grandmother in Bulgaria, the third week ends. In a residential complex 2 ...

Leading world experts in the field of pediatrics, epidemiology and vaccinology gathered at the annual Congress of the European Society for the Study of Infectious Diseases in Children (ESPID) in Milan to discuss actual questions Health associated with children infectious diseases. One of the most sharp topics was the problem of rotavirus - infection, which is the cause of about 40% of heavy diarters in children and annually carrying about half a million children's lives worldwide. Rotavirus ...

Discussion

After reading, a few questions arose:

in Mexico and Brazil - to register a 50% reduction in mortality from all acute intestinal infections. \u003d\u003d\u003d I set off from rotavirus, and the death rate from dysentery decreased?

the same level of rotavirus prevalence in countries with high and low levels of sanitary conditions confirms the high contagiousness of this virus and the impossibility of fighting it only by hygienic measures. \u003d\u003d\u003d And the incidence, gravity and mortality? How are these data obtained?

In Russia, the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis is growing annually and is now 70 people per 100,000 population. According to Rospotrebnadzor, about 200 thousand cases of diseases in children are registered annually. \u003d\u003d\u003d Rights or every year is the same?

Therefore, these mortality statistics from rotavirus are 30 times lower, \u003d\u003d\u003d only therefore? What are the evidence if there is no laboratory diagnostics?

At the same time, it is known that by 5 years almost every child transfers this infection. \u003d\u003d\u003d How are these data obtained if there is no laboratory diagnostics?

than in neighboring countries with similar level of socio-economic development. \u003d\u003d\u003d What specifically?

Experts confident \u003d\u003d\u003d Who specifically? Where do they work? Here are options.

The main annual forum of the country's pediatricians, on which one of the main discussed issues was completed in Moscow National calendar vaccinations. The period from 2011 to 2020 was declared the age of decades of vaccines for the application of efforts to reduce mortality and disability from vaccine-affordable diseases. The priority directions are given vaccination against the human papilloma virus (HPV), rotavirus and pneumococcus. Vaccination against HPV girls (and now more and more and ...

Discussion

People, do not make these vaccinations! Mombs, think about the fact that every girl in the future wants to become a mom too !!! These vaccinations lead to infertility. Even if the grafted woman and get pregnant - it does not take out. There will be miscarriages for miscarriages! Tell me about your loved ones, those who are dear to you. It is necessary to change something today has not yet been too late.

09/15/2013 15:20:19, bright mom

Up to 7 years in children are dominated by the so-called natural fears based on the instinct of self-preservation. In 7-10 years, there is no balance between natural and social fears (loneliness, punishment, late). If it is described in more detail, it is possible to distinguish specific fears inherent in each period of life. The first year of life is the fear of the new ambient - Fear of distance from the mother - fear of foreign people from 1 to 3 years - fear of darkness (main fear at this age) ...

My story was continued. I won the battle, but the war was not over .. I now communicate a lot on the forums, where the same desperate moms, as I fight for the rights of our children. While I am preparing for a new battle on more high level, I suggest you familiarize yourself with the text of the application to the prosecutor's office .. Virgin, the point is not how you feel about the vaccinations, the case in that lawlessness, which is happening everywhere, from the district doctor, to the heads in the gardens and directors in schools ((here is the statement: general ...

Discussion

Thank you for your support, we perfectly in P-Ke made a map to school, without allergists. I just started saying that I know all the laws and let's not pull the time, as GW signed almost without conversations :) But at school, they will accept without measles - that's interesting.

of course, it's fine that the parents have the right not to make their own child's attachments.
but from those refusing to vaccinations, we have a king - which doctors no longer remember how it should look like - at all angles.
i categorically do not support universal insanity on the massive abandonment. Partly this is the reason for the current epidemics.

cort is very infection. 100% if they did not hurt and no vaccinations.
how to overcome in an adult age and I think very hard: you need to do the grafs. And no doctor will make you vaccinating if you are a) kinga, they have already mowed and b) twice vaccinated .. Well, or if an allergy is allergic .. This is the conclusion of an allergist.

04/03/2012 23:29:40, Sless

IN school age Complaints for repeating abdominal pains are presented by more than half of children. In some cases, pains pass without a trace and do not require serious treatment, but at 50-70%, they continue to disturb patients, moving into chronic gastroenterological diseases. Exists a large number of diseases that are accompanied by stomach pain. By the nature there are sharp, chronic and recurrent stomach pain. Acute pain In the abdomen can be a consequence of acute ...

"History of Disease" Influenza viruses are transmitted from a sick person to surrounding air-droplets with sneezing, cough, conversation. It is possible, but rarely, the household transfer path is infection through household items, toys. Events such as patient insulation, sanitary and hygienic measures, preventive reception Valid medicinal preparationsUnfortunately, unfortunately, to prevent the widespread spread of influenza. From the moment of infection before the appearance of the symptoms of the disease, as a rule ...

We had Rotovirus at 8 months. The pair did not leave 4 days, therefore an antibiotic was appointed. He is special for intestinal affairs and acts in the lumen not absorbing. I don't remember the dose, and you need another - you advise you with your doctor. But we did not rush.
And I still say, if I tear the baby from sweet syrups, I do so, I take a box from under the juice (Agush, for example), cut, the juice thumping, there how much you need a discharge + juice, water or juice (what is) and let me drink through the tube (my I really like to drink through the tube) drinks and everything is OK)
Of course, it is also good to give a well to give (but it tears us from it - because of her fineness ((, regider from dehydration, to fall out by a chamomile.
Well, this is such a disease on parental patience, everything will be passed.
Good luck to you and Kulakov Zaihm @@@@@@

Very lay ((((. Hold on and recover