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If there are uncomfortable sensations with right side Or in the side, the reasons for this can be a lot. When the intestine is hurting on the right for a long time, and discomfort is accompanied by an increase in temperature, you should urgently cause ambulance.

Causes of spasms

Unfortunate factors causing pain in the intestine on the right can be attributed to improper nutrition, overeating and poisoning.

After surgical procedures Or inflammation is formed spikes loops of the body, which leads to periodic spasms. In this situation, excessive loads and nutritional disorders provoke attacks.

Also on the appearance of discomfort affects long stress, and the aching pain testifies to the accumulation of gases in the cavity.

The presence of tumors, worms or node formed as a result of the organ of the organ, can lead to obstruction. In this case, the attacks are long and new.

Other pathologies leading to pain:

• appendicitis;
• colitis;
• crohn's disease;
• intestinal infections;
• tumors;
• tuberculosis;
• irritable intestine syndrome (SRC);
• dysbacteriosis;
• ischemic colitis.

Why hurts in right side?

Can the intestine be sick in the right side? In the upper side of the belly there are pancreas, a diaphragm department, a sector, a liver and a gallbladder. The disease of any of these organs cause painful sensations.

The most common cause of pain attacks is appendicitis. The defeat of the tract itself, for example, intestinal obstruction, can cause painful sensations.

Also unpleasant sensations appear after receiving spoiled products. This factor leads to and diarrhea.

Discomfort in the colon

The colonist is the final digestive system. It is located in the abdominal cavity and in a small pelvis. His task is the processing of food casket in feast masses.

Symptoms

By the way the large intestine is hurting on the right, the duration of the attack and the presence of other symptoms can be determined which pathology can disturb the patient.

With appendicitis, spasms are developing in the epigastric part, are often given to the stomach area. Then they extend throughout the abdomen, subsequently localized on the right side. The nature of the attacks is moderate, but permanent, increasing when changing the position, walking or cough.

The attacks are accompanied by nausea or vomiting, deterioration of appetite and elevated temperatures.

When colitis, a novel pain is occurring on the sides. Acute form It has the following symptoms:

• gas formation;
• nausea, vomit urge;
• diarrhea, frequent urge to the toilet;
• heat;
• headache, muscular weakness;
• incixation of the body.

The chronic form is manifested by such symptoms as:

• unstable chair;
• flatulence;
• weight loss.

In case of ischemic colitis, the attacks first catch-up, localized in the side or lower abdomen. Then the painful sensations are becoming permanent, and apply to the entire stomach. Symptoms are joined as:

• deterioration of appetite;
• urge to vomiting;
• stool violations;
• painful palpation;
• cal with blood.

With the hack, the painful sensations are stupid and more often common in the lower abdomen.

Dysbacteriosis is characterized by a sense of cutting, constant diarrhea. Cal acquires a greenish tint, becomes cascidious. Meteorism and bloating appears.

In case of intestinal obstruction, such symptoms appear as a feeling of stretching, grapple attacks, bloating. In addition, it occurs:

• abdominal asymmetry;
• flatulence;
• sudden vomiting;
• no stool.

Pain in the small intestine

The delicious intestine is located between the thick department and the stomach. It consists of a duodenal, skinny and ileum, and performs an important function of digesting food.

Arising pain in the small intestine on the right can talk about various pathologies:

1. enteritis - inflammatory process It is characterized by sudden and strong spasms that are not associated with meals, but often appearing after transferred stress;
2. crohn's disease is chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, complicated case of enteritis, is characterized by spasms resembling appendicitis, often accompanied by diary and loss of appetite;
3. the ulcer of the duodenum: painful sensations with this pathology are like insignificant, so sharp and painful, they appear in a couple of hours after eating either at night, on an empty stomach;
4. intestinal obstruction: spasm appears suddenly and regardless of meals, first painful contractions occur, repeating every 10 minutes, then they acquire a permanent character;
5. diverticul - Pathology, manifested by the absorption of the mucous and submucosal shells of the intestine; The patient has a sharp and acute spasm, accompanied by nausea and increasing temperature.

For any manifestation of pain in the intestine on the right side, immediately apply to the doctor.

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Thin intestines - This is part of the digestive tract, which is located between the stomach and the colon. The main food digestion processes occur in it. In the small intestine, the following departments are distinguished:

• Duodenum - The initial part of the small intestine, which should be immediately after the stomach. This name is due to the fact that its length is about twelve digitens of the finger. It is anatomically and functionally it is closely associated with digestive glands - pancreas and a biscuit with a bubble bubble.
• Jejunum - This is the middle part of the small intestine, which is between the duodenum and the iliac guts. Its name is due to the fact that during the openings, doctors usually find it empty. The loop of the hectic intestine is located in the left upper area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen, so pain in the intestines Left is often related to the pathology of this particular department.
• Ileum - This lower part of the small intestine, next after the cushion, and in front of the blind, from which it is separated by a baguinium flap (ileocecular valve). The iliac, compared to the skinny, has a thicker wall, larger diameter, and the richer is equipped with vessels. It is located in the right lower abdomen, respectively, pain in the intestine can be on the right can be a manifestation of diseases of the iliac.

Causes of intestinal pain in the pathologies of the small intestine

Major diseases thin gutthat provoke the occurrence of intestinal pain:

• enteritis;
• crohn's disease;
• ulceal duodenal disease;
• intestinal obstruction;
• intestinal dyskinesia;
• intestinal diverticulus, or vicochki;
• intestinal dysbiosis;
• maludsorption syndrome;
• maldigesti syndrome;
• celiac disease;
• ischemia and intestinal infarction;
• tumors of the small intestine.

Intestine pain with enterite

Enititis is called inflammation of the small intestine. According to the localization of the inflammatory process, the person is distinguished by inflammation of the duodenum (duodenitis), the flowing intestine (s) and the ileum (Ileit). Also, the inflammatory process in the small intestine often flows generalized, or in combination with gastritis and / or colitis.

Consistent intestines in acute enterite

Acute enteritis develops with infectious diseases, food poisoning, allergic lesions etc. This pathology is manifested by the following symptoms:

• sudden sharp pains;
• soreness when feeling in the epigastric region;
• often vomiting and diarrhea;
• in severe cases, symptoms of general intoxication of the body, cardiovascular disorders and dehydration are observed.

The intensity of such pain is much expressed quite significantly. It should be noted that the occurrence of pain attack is often not related to meals. But in many cases, its appearance is provoked by stressful situations.

In chronic duodenitis, patients complain about:

• a constant unaware pain in the epigastric region, which is stupid, more
• rumbling in the intestines;
• feeling of cutting and completeness in the upper stomach deposits arising after meals;
• nausea, and sometimes vomiting;
• soreness in feeling, which is determined deeply in the dye region;
• weakness and diarrhea.

Due to the impairment of the suction of substances in the intestine, various nutrition disorders can also develop and vitamin failure.

Pain in the intestines in Crohn's disease

Crohn's disease is a pretty heavy case of enteritis, i.e. Chronic inflammation gastrointestinal tract. Theoretically, this pathology can affect all the departments of the gastrointestinal tract - from the oral cavity to the rectum. But mainly it is localized in the ileum. For the disease, Crown is characterized by the defeat of not only the mucous membrane, but also affecting all the layers of the digestive tube. In addition, it causes inflammation of the lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity, as well as the formation of ulcers and scars on the intestine wall.

The clinical picture with this pathology is very diverse, and strongly depends on the severity and duration of the flow, as well as on the frequency of exacerbations.
"Intestinal symptoms" Crohn's disease:

• abdominal pain that often simulates acute appendicitis;
• nausea and vomiting;
• diarrhea, bowelism;
• loss of appetite and weight.

General symptoms:

• increased fatigue;
• weakness;
• increased body temperature, often wave-like character.

In addition, many other organs and systems, in which the development of extra particular manifestations of this pathology is observed:

• stomatitis in the oral cavity;
• will, keratitis and conjunctivitis in the organs of vision;
• arthritis and spondylitis in the joints;
• gangrenous pyodermia, angiites and nodal erythema on the skin;
• fatty dystrophy and cirrhosis of the liver;
• inflammation of the output and the formation of stones in the bustling bubble;
• pyelonephritis, cystitis, kidney amyloidosis in the urinary system.

Pain in the intestine - symptom of ulcerative duodenal disease

One of the main manifestations of the duodenal ulcer disease is painful syndrome. The pain in the same time may occur both in the subsection and in the epigastral regions. In half of patients, pain syndrome has a minor intensity, and about a third - on the contrary, complains of a sharply pronounced, painful pain, which they characterize as a sucking, stitching and grapple-shaped.

In the case of an ulcer defect in the duodenum, the intestine pain appears no earlier than one and a half or two hours after meals. In addition, pain attacks in such patients often develop at night. They are called "hungry pains".

Often the development of acute ischemic lesions of the intestines is preceded by chronic circulatory disorders in the abdominal cavity, which are called abdominal toad, by analogy with thoracic toad during angina. Just like during angina, in the abdominal tob, the pain occurs with increasing functional loads on the digestive system. Patients complain of grapple-shaped pain in the intestines after eating, not eating for several hours. This pain can cause fear before meals - patients are trying to eat smaller, or they are generally refused to eat.

With chronic intestinal ischemia, patients complain about grapple-shaped abdominal pain, as a rule, arising in half an hour after meals. Pain is localized in the epigastric area, but can spread throughout the abdomen. Paints are reduced, or pass at all after receiving analgesics, spasmolitics, vasodilatory funds. At the beginning of the disease, it is usually observed constipation due to reducing the amount of food received. Subsequently, constipation is replaced by diarrhea, which is due to disruption of the suction of fats.

Pain in intestinal cancer and other tumor processes

The painful syndrome during the cancer of the small intestine has no pronounced intensity. In the early stages of the disease, unawares can sometimes occur, weak abdominal pain that do not have some localization. The symptom complex of the so-called "small signs" comes to the fore here:

• increase in fatigue;
• weakness;
• loss of appetite;
• general exhaustion of the body.

In the future, as the tumor grows, it can overlap, or squeeze the intestinal tube, which provokes the symptoms of intestinal obstruction. The decay and necrosis of the tumor is characterized by the development of the inflammatory process in the small intestine, and the occurrence of internal bleeding with the appearance of melen. Purphoration of the intestine of the collapsed tumor is an acute state, which is characterized by harsh weakness, pallor, loss of consciousness, the development of peritonitis. Such a patient should be immediately delivered to the surgical hospital. Before use, you must consult with a specialist.

The first thing that the majority will think about, feeling unpleasant painful sensations in the right half of the intestines, which is. This is perhaps the most famous disease among the entire population from all surgical nosology. However, the inflammation of the appendix is \u200b\u200bnot the only cause of pain in the right half of the abdomen. Other states can cause them, while not always pathological. Therefore, it is not necessary to immediately fall into a panic, as well as feverishly think:

sore intestines to the right, what to do and how fast. It does not concern states when the pain is very strong or switched to the discharge constant.

Spray intestines Right: Causes

In the intestine on the right, resulting from a sharp reduction in the intestine and the name of intestinal colic, may be a consequence of the inflammatory process (colitis,) or the presence of melting invasion. Colics can also be caused by poisoning or banal overeating. Often the cause of intestinal spasms are spikes between intestinal hinges, resulting from inflammation or after surgery. In such a case, the provoking factor may be errors in nutrition (heavy, acute food, alcohol), significant physical exertion or sharp change of body position. Bridal intestinal spasms can be paid for the stressful situation.

If pains in the intestine on the right have a suitable character, perhaps in this part of the intestine, gases simply accumulated. However, the cause of such painful sensations can be dangerous conditionAs the intestinal obstruction caused by a tumor, a ball of helminths, a node from the very same intestine or as a result of its coast. Pain of such nature naewing, long.

A stupid pain in the right iliac region can signal the inflammation of the blind intestine. It can be replaced by intestinal colic and manifest 5-6 hours after meals. Provocate spasm or pain enhancement can long standing or motor load. At the same time, pain is often accompanied by a feeling of resolving in abdomen, ration, nausea and meteorism.

A sign of acute appendicitis is the intestine pain on the right at the bottom of the abdomen. It can arise in the navel area and move down and right, can keep up. In addition, the disease can manifest itself with such symptoms as nausea, an increase in temperature.

Sore intestine on the right: what to do

When intestinal colic Lie, take convenient pose. Food, heating and cold on the stomach are excluded. It is possible to facilitate the protection of the antispasmodics. If, for an hour, the pain did not pass - without emergency it is not necessary.

In any case, as accurately as possible to the question: the intestine hurts to the right, what to do, only the doctor will be able to you. He will appoint the right and appropriate for you. Recall that the reason for urgent treatment for medical help serve sharp, strong pain In the intestines, vomiting, high temperature, as well as long-term, not passing pain.

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The gastrointestinal tract of a person, part of which is represented by the colon, is distinguished by the variety of departments and features of their functioning. At the same time, it is the digestive system, due to regular contact with various stimuli, is most susceptible to the development of various pathologies. However, it is quite difficult to establish that it was the cause of malaise. To identify dysfunction in each intestinal department, a specific study method is used. This significantly reduces the effectiveness of the diagnosis of digestive disorders. Often, patients also do not pay attention to the unpleasant sensations in the abdominal cavity, which leads to late detection of bowel disease. To avoid the development of complications, it follows when the first symptoms of pathology appear to apply for medical care.

The thick intestine is a large hollow organ of the digestive tract. It performs many important functions, while constantly contacting food masses. As a result, the thick intestine is constantly exposed to various detrimental factors that can cause deterioration in its functioning. Diseases of this digestive system, according to medical statistics, today are most often found.

The large intestine is the last department of the gastrointestinal tract. The length of this section is from 1.1 to 2-2.7 meters, and the diameter reaches 5-6 cm. It is much wider than the small intestine, about 2.5 times. The lumen of the large intestine is narrowed closer to the exit from the rectum, which ends with a sphincter, allowing to provide a normal arbitrary defecation.

Features of the structure of the walls of the fat intestine

The walls of the colon consist of four layers:

• mucous membrane
• sublimated;
• muscular;
• serozi.

All these intestinal wall departments provide normal operation of the organ and its peristaltics. Normally, in the colon is produced enough a large number of A mucus contributing to the promotion of chimus on the digestive tract.

Attention! Himus is a lump formed by food masses, sobering epithelium cells, acids and enzymes. Himus is formed in the stomach, as they move along the gastrointestinal tract by changing its consistency.

Intestinal functions

The colon ensures the completion of the hymus movement along the digestive tract. It communicates with the external environment, which causes the specifics of its functions:

1. Separation. The main function of the colon. Directed on the removal of various pathogens and non-transparent substances from the body. This process should occur regularly and not to have a failure, otherwise, due to the abundance of toxins, the organism is developing in the digestive tract. It is in a thick intestine that a fender mass is finally formed, which is then derived from the rectum. The excretory function stimulates the next meal. After eating food, his brain receives a signal that enhancing the intestinal peristalsis and accelerate the movement of the Himus towards the anus.

1. Digestive. Most of the nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine, however, some of the components of the chimus enters the body of the colon: salts, amino acids, fatty acids, monosaccharides, etc.
2. Protective. In the thick division of the intestine, there are about three kilograms of useful microflora, which not only provides normal digestion, but also contributes to the work of the immune system. The disruption of the bacterial balance leads to a decrease in the protective function of the organism, increased exposure to infectious diseases, etc.
3. Suction. It is in this department of the digestive system that the main part of the liquid is removed from the carte masses - more than 50%, which prevents the body dehydration. Due to this fecal, the characteristic consistency and form acquire.

Thick intestines has general functionsAt the same time, each of his departments also performs its own tasks due to the characteristics of physiology.

Departments of the colon

The colon has a rather complex structure and consists of several sections:

• blind intestine, having an appendage - appendix;
• coloring gut: ascending colon, cross part of the colon, descending colon, sigmoid intestine;
• rectum.

Attention! In the lumens of all divisions of the large intestine containing a large number of various microorganisms. They form normal microflora guts. Bacteria split different chimus components and ensure the production of vitamins and enzymes. The optimal functioning of all intestinal departments is the key to full digestion.

Cecum

The large intestine begins with a blind department, which is localized in the right iliac region. Its shape resembles a bag filled with two sphincters: Ileocecal valve separates small intestine, And the Gerlacha valve prevents the foodfire products to appendix.

Attention! Appendix is \u200b\u200ban appendage of a blind intestine. Its diameter does not exceed 0.6 cm, and the length varies from 2.7 to 12-13 cm.

It is the blind intestine that is a plot of development of the largest number of various diseases of the colon. This is due to both morphological and physiological features of this department. The pain in the diseases of the blind intestine is localized in the right octopup region or over the iliac bone.

Colon

The main part of the thick bowel is represented by the colon. Its length reaches 1.7 meters, and the diameter is about 5-7 cm. From the blind fragment of the intestine, the storm is separated by Valve Buzi.

The structure of the colon is distinguished by four departments:

• ascending intestine;
• transverse;
• descending;
• sigma.

The upstream department is not involved in the main process of digesting food, but ensures the absorption of fluid from the chimus. It is in this fragment of the digestive tract from the carts, up to 30-50% of water is removed. The rising intestine is a continuation of the blind, while the length varies from 11 to 20 cm. This area is located back wall Abdominal cavity on the right. If any pathology strikes the upstand, the pain syndrome is localized in the zone from the iliac bone to the hypochondrium.

The ascending department goes into a transverse, starting in the field of the opposition on the right. The length of this fragment can be from 40 to 50 cm. In the transverse intestine, there is also absorption of liquid from the chimus, as well as the production of the enzyme necessary for the formation of the key masses. In addition, pathogenic microorganisms are inactivated in accordance with this department. With damage to the transverse department, the unpleasant sensations occur in the zone by 2-4 cm above the navel.

The descending bowel has a length of about 20 cm and is located down from the left hypochondrium. This intestinal section participates in fiber splitting and contributes to the further formation of feces. In the left iliac yam, the downward department goes into a sigmoid. Sigma has a length of up to 55 cm. By virtue of the peculiarities of the topography of pain in the course of various pathologies of this body can be localized both in the abdomen area on the left and irradiate to the lower back or the sacrum area.

Rectum

The direct intestine is terminal, that is, the final, department of both a large intestine and the entire digestive tract. This section of the digestive tract is characterized by the specifics of the structure and operation.

The rectum is located in the cavity of the small pelvis. Its length does not exceed 15-16 cm, and the distal end is completed by the sphincter, which is reported to the external environment.

Attention! In this intestinal department, the final formation and accumulation of carts immediately before defecation occurs. Due to the peculiarities of physiology, it is the straight intestine most susceptible to various mechanical damage: scratches, cracks, irritation.

Pains in disabilities of the rectum are localized in the crotch and anus area, can irradiate to the pubic area and genitals.

Video - Three tests for intestinal disease

Pain syndrome when damaged to the large intestine

Many different diseases are able to provoke pain in the thick intestine. A number of factors lead to the development of such violations:

• sedentary lifestyle;
• violation of food behavior, including frequent overeating or compliance with a strict diet;
• abuse of acute, oily, smoked food;
• violation of the digestive system in patients in connection with the elderly or old age;
• chronic constipation;
• hypotension, accompanied by peristaltic disorders;
• continuous use of pharmacological preparations.

These factors can cause disorders in the work of both the entire digestive tract and separately the large intestine. At the same time, to establish the cause of the appearance of pain syndrome is usually quite difficult, and independently impossible. In general, dysfunction of the digestive system can be divided into two main groups:

• inflammatory character: colitis, diverticulites, Crohn's disease, etc.;
• non-inflammatory disorders: Atonic constipation, tumor processes, endometriosis, etc.

Diseases of the large intestine can significantly worsen the quality of the patient's life. In order to prevent the development of complications, it is necessary to pay attention to the emergence of alarming signs of pathology.

The ulcerative colitis is the defeat of the tissues of the fat intestine of an inflammatory nature. The disease has a chronic flow and is quite frequent relapses. To date, it was not possible to accurately determine the cause of the development of pathology, but it belongs to the violations of autoimmune origin.

Attention! Most often colitis are detected in people two age groups: Patients 25-45 years and patients older than 55-60 years.

• acute colitis;
• chronic with periodic exacerbations;
• chronic continuous, in which remission is not marked for 6 months or more.

The clinical picture of ulcerative colitis as a whole is synonymous with other diseases of the large intestine and is manifested by the following symptomatics:

1. Intense, long-lasting abdominal pain. Their localization depends largely on what preciseness of the colon site was affected by the pathological process.
2. Diarrhea or confusion. In this case, bloody inclusions may be marked in feces.
3. Signs of body intoxication: nausea, cepalgia, dizziness, drowsiness and lethargy.

Attention! The absence of therapy for colitis can lead to the spout of the intestinal wall and, as a result of massive intestinal bleeding. Such a condition is dangerous for the patient's life.

Colitium therapy should be carried out comprehensively taking into account the severity and form of the disease. With radical intestinal damage to the patient, hospitalization is shown.

Therapy of ulcerative colitis

Name of the drug	Picture	pharmachologic effect
		Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent
		Anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective action
		Anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive effect
		Immunosuppressive tool

Crohn's disease

Crohn's disease also relates to inflammatory diseases. Pathology is manifested by the development of granulomatosis.

Attention! Granulomatosis - formation of granuloma, that is, nodule-like neoplasms. Such growths can occur on the skin, mucous membranes, vascular walls, etc.

Unlike nonspecific colitis, Crohn's disease can affect not only the walls of the large intestine, but also the tissue of the small intestine, the stomach and esophagus. Depending on the severity of the pathological process, the number of inflammation of inflammation varies from one to several dozen.

Modern medicine has not yet established the cause of development this disease. It is determined that the antibiotic effects have a positive effect, therefore the bacterial origin of pathology is assumed.

Allocate the acute and recurrent form of development of the disease. Chronic current is observed only in patients with impaired work of the immune system or severe dysfunction of the digestive tract.

The disease is manifested by a variety of symptoms:

• intensive acute or cutting pain, localized in the inflammation section;
• the appearance of rashes on the skin;
• rapid decline in body weight of the patient;
• bloating;
• stool violation;
• pain during defecation, the appearance of fistulas around the anus.

In case of Crohn's disease, patients show the observance of a diet with an increased protein content and the exception of milk and dairy products. In addition, a mandatory part of therapy is drug treatment.

Therapy of Crohn's disease

Name of the drug	Picture	pharmachologic effect
		Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial effect
		Anti-edema, antihistamine action - corticosteroid
		Immunosuppressor drug
		Anti-diagracial
		Anesthetic effect

Diverticular disease

Diverticular disease is manifested by two characteristic states:

• diverticulosis - a pathological process, in which numerous small protrifications are formed on the walls of the large intestine, which are called diverticulants;
• diverticulitis - inflammation of diverticulus as a result of the development of infection.

Such pathology occurs as a result of overpressure on the intestinal wall of its contents. Due to the weakness of the bowel tissues, sagging and protrusion are formed, which can not deliver any inconvenience to the patient. Basic clinical symptoms Developed only in the case of infection of the diverticulus.

Attention! The main cause of the development of the diverticular disease is the confusion. Popps lead to a constant excessive load on the large intestine. It was revealed that the absolute majority of patients suffering from diverticulose uses an insufficient amount of plant fiber and suffers from regular violations of the stool.

The diverticulitis is manifested by the following symptoms:

• intensive pain;
• nausea;
• constant disorders of defecation;
• unpleasant smell of mouth;
• cal with undigested food.

It is worth noting the peculiarity of the specifics of pain syndrome when diverticulite:

• pain syndrome is localized in the lower third of the belly on the left;
• pains can be saved for 4-7 days or more;
• when palpation, the pain is sharply enhanced.

Medical treatment of diverticulite includes several groups of drugs for the integrated effect on the pathological process.

Therapy of diverticular disease

Name of the drug	Picture	pharmachologic effect
		Antibacterial action
		Prebiotic with a touching effect
		Stimulation of the Motoric Digestive Tract
		Antispasmodic effect
		Package

In the absence of the effect of conservative therapy The patient needs to conduct operational intervention.

Malignant neoplasms

Tolstoy bowel formation may have both malignant and benign. At the same time, the first group of tumors is characterized by slow growth and does not cause a pronounced worsening of the quality of life of the patient.

Carcinomas develop more aggressively, which leads to the appearance of characteristic clinical picture Cancer:

• attacks of vomiting, an admixture of feces in the vomiting masses;
• the loss of appetite leading to cachexia;
• lethargy, drowsiness, weakness;
• subfebrile fever;
• stool violations;
• melena - black feces with admixture of blood;
• cutting and tearing pain in the field of tumor formation.

Fat department of the gastrointestinal sector of the digestive system. Pain in this department of the gastrointestinal tract may indicate the development of serious pathologies and require urgent advice with a specialist.

Pressing on the stomach increases intra-abdominal pressure, which, in turn, can provoke an amplification of pain in some pathologies. Also, when you press the peritoness leaves pressed against the inflammation area, which causes pain. In general, it is believed that the strengthening of pain at the palpation of the abdomen in a certain place says that the pathological process is localized precisely there. That is, with reflected pains ( for example, abdominal pain at pneumonia or myocardial infarction) Pain will not strengthen in response to pressing.

If the pain appears when pressed to the bottom of the belly on the right, we can talk about appendicitis, as well as adnexite or ovarian cyst in women. When localizing pain in the top of the abdomen, the cholecystitis, duodenal ulcer, hepatitis can be right. It should be noted that if the patient noticed local pain when pressed on the stomach, it is not necessary to specifically press repeatedly, "exploring" the nature of pain. It is better to consult a doctor who will hold a qualified palpation of this area, establishes the size of the organs and will assume a possible diagnosis.

Hurt belly on the right in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Pain in the stomach in the middle menstrual cycle They are quite common phenomenon and not always talk about the pathological process. Often they are caused by a gap of the follicle in the ovary and the outlet of the egg in the uterine tube. If the right ovary takes place in this process, the pain, respectively, will be localized to the right below.

From pathological processes that can be exacerbated during menstruation, a number of venereal diseases should be noted ( gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, etc.). However, these infections rarely rise so high to give pain on the right below the abdomen. Also pain may be related to benign or malignant neoplasms of the uterus, a cure ovary.

Hurts belly on the right after sex

After sexual, pain in the lower abdomen occurs most often in women. This is usually due to the presence of a chronic inflammatory process in a small pelvis, which is activated through the physical exertion and an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. For example, if there is an ovary cyst during intercourse, its gap may occur ( apoplexy). Then in the first hours ( and sometimes and minutes) After that, pain is starting to grow. When apoplections of the right ovary, respectively, there is pain in the right iliac hole, which gives in the groin, to the buttock or in the foot.

Stomach pain on the right

The pain, as a rule, occurs in inflammatory processes of moderate intensity. For example, during the exacerbation of the duodenal ulcer disease, it is localized in the right hypochondrium or in epigastrics. It begins such pain after meals and lasts a few hours. The origin of it is associated with irritation of the mucous membrane of the organ. Also, painful pains are possible with some versions of the flow of cholecystitis, appendicitis and other inflammatory diseases.

Cutting pain at the bottom of the belly on the right

The cutting pain in the abdomen on the right is more characteristic of intestinal pathologies. Most often it is localized at the bottom of the abdomen. They cause such pains with a spasm of smooth muscles in the walls of the organ, disabilities of pushing food. The reason is usually intestinal infections or food poisoning. In both cases, pain can be strong enough, but there is no such serious fatal threat as with a "acute abdomen."

Pulsating pain at the bottom of the belly on the right

The pulsating pain at the bottom of the abdomen on the right can be caused by some diseases of the vessels or an acute inflammatory process. In the first case, we are talking about the aneurysms of the lower part of the abdominal aorta. The extension of the vessel forms a bag that pulsates the heart into the clock. However, the pains will be moderate ( uncomplicated aneurysm does not give sharp pain). If the pain is strong, then, most likely, purulent inflammation takes place. At the right bottom of the abdomen, this may be associated with a launched appendicitis. A worm-shaped process is breaking, causing local inflammation of the peritoneum ( peritonitis).

Constant abdominal pain on the right

Permanent pain is usually not too acute. Some patients do not give her values \u200b\u200bfor several weeks and only after that time ( usually when it is strengthened) Take a doctor. Moderate intensity, but long-term pain characteristic of chronic appendicitis or cholecystitis, gastritis. In some cases, the inflammatory process gradually subsides, but it can also go to the acute phase. Ignore long-term pain in any case should not be. It is better to contact a specialist and immediately establish their cause. Then a high chance that the disease will be able to cope with conservative methods, without surgery.

Periodic abdominal pain on the right

Periodic abdominal pains that appear within a few months or years may be associated with chronic diseases. At the same time, pain will appear only under certain conditions during exacerbations. For example, a stomach and duodenal ulcer can cause stronger pain in spring and autumn, as well as in response to a diet violation.

In addition, such inflammatory diseases of the intestine as a Crohn disease or nonspecific ulcerative colitis do not cause permanent pain. As a rule, the aggravation during them lasts a few weeks, and then the remission period comes. However, complete recovery is difficult to achieve. Compliance with diet and prophylactic treatment only reduce the intensity of pain and frequency of attacks.

Catching pain at the bottom of the belly on the right

Catching pain in the right side of the abdomen is almost always caused by the tension of the muscles, although rarely connected with the inflammatory process in the muscles. Painful spasms may occur, for example, with intestinal obstruction caused by a tumor or blockage of the lumen. Peristaltic abbreviations of the intestine at the same time reach the barrier, but do not apply further. Instead, the attack of severe pain in the form of bruises.

Sharp sharp abdominal pain on the right

Sharp abdominal pain on the right often appear when breaking internal organs Or blocking vessels. It is in these cases ( in contrast to the gradually developing inflammatory process) There is a single irritation of the large portion of peritoneum or the death of a large volume of tissues. A sudden sharp pain, from which can even intercept their breathing, is characteristic, for example, for perforation of the stomach ulcers, gallbladder breaks or appendix, thrombosis of mesenterical arteries.

As noted above, no qualified doctor considers the character of stomach pain as a leading feature. It will be mainly guided by concomitant symptoms and complaints. Only considering them in the complex can be established the cause of certain pain sensations.

Diagnosis of causes of pain in the right side of the abdomen

Diagnostics of pain in the right side of the abdomen - a very complex process, since this symptom can be caused by a set of various reasons. At the same time, set the cause is necessary for appointment. proper treatment. A preliminary diagnosis is usually put by ambulance or family doctor at first contact with the patient. After that, depending on the results of this survey, the patient may be hospitalized to the department of surgery, gastroenterology, gynecology, therapy for further surveys and clarification of the diagnosis.

The most informative methods of diagnosis with pains in the right side of the abdomen are:

• physical examination;
• radiography;
• ultrasound procedure ( Ultrasound);
• diagnostic laparoscopy;
• diagnostic laparotomy;
• serological tests;
• microbiological research methods;
• electrocardiography ( ECG);
• diagnostic sensing.

Physical examination

The physical examination involves a number of simple manipulations and a general examination of the patient in order to collect primary information about the disease. With abdominal pains, the most attention is usually given palpation of the abdomen. This is a tackling of organs and formations of the abdominal cavity through the front abdominal wall. The patient takes a lying position, slightly bends his legs in the knees, breathes deeply and relaxes the abdominal muscles. Palpation must be started from the area that is the least painful, and end in the most painful area. Some diseases can suspect with a high probability of probability at this stage ( with the condition that the study was performed correctly).

When palpation belly, the following changes are possible:

• amplification of pain ( often talks about the inflammatory process);
• hypersensitivity of the skin - pain with a simple touch in certain places;
• the thumbname tension of the abdominal muscles - often talks about perforation of ulcers, peritonitis and other serious surgical pathologies;
• pain with slow pressed and sharp hand breaking ( positive Symptom of Brush-Blumberg) speaks of the local involvement of the peritoneum into the inflammatory process;
• an increase in liver - may indicate hepatitis of various origin;
• pain in the right iliac yammer is often found in appendicitis, adnexite in women;
• local bloating - can talk about intestinal obstruction in this place;
• abnormally spaced seals - as a rule, turn out to be tumors of various organs;
• a uniform increase in the abdomen with the accumulation of fluid - most often indicates pathological processes in the liver.

There are other pathological changes in which the doctor may suspect the diagnosis. In addition to Palpation, it is important to listen to breathing and trying the pulse. And breathing, and the pulse is rapidly acute in an acute inflammatory process. In addition, with strong pain breathing in the patient is modified, it tries to increase the amplitude of the breath chestBut in this process is not involved in the stomach.

Other important indicators general status Are temperatures, blood pressure, listening ( auscultation) Heart tones. All this gives information about how different organism systems work and often makes it possible to suspect the cause of the pain.

Radiography

Radiography is a receipt and subsequent study of the X-ray image. Such an image is formed due to X-rays that have passed through the studied portion of the body and then came to the film. The source of radiation of these rays is the X-ray tube located in front of the object under study. Radiographic ( x-ray image) It is formed due to different tissue density, since the structures of the human body have a different degree of absorption of rays. Those tissues that have a higher density will absorb radiation stronger ( picture - Dark plots), and those whose density is lower - weaker ( light areas).

This study is desirable to carry out in two mutually perpendicular projections ( positions) - straight and lateral. This is done to prevent the shadows overlay and, thereby, for more effective diagnosis various pathologies.

Radiography is the following types:

• Ordinary radiography. The first view is the usual radiography, which is based on the natural contrast of the tissues and structures of the human body, due to their different density.
• Contrast radiography. The second form is artificial contrasting radiography. Essence this method It is to introduce into cavities, organs or vessels of the organism of contrasting substances that absorb radiation weaker ( oxygen, nitrogen rushing, carbon dioxide) or, on the contrary, stronger ( iodine connections, barium) What is the study authority. After introducing a contrast agent to the body, an X-ray is taken and analyzed the result. This allows you to better assess the contours of cavities, formations, borders of the organs, etc.
• Review radiography. Review radiography is a study of a whole organ or group of bodies ( for example, overview radiography of abdominal organs). The proprosion of organs is estimated, their relative sizes.
• Aiming radiography. Aiming radiography is a study of a certain area or education, in any organ ( for example, sight radiography of liver cysts).

This method is completely safe for the patient, it is inexpensive and does not take much time. As a rule, on modern computer devices, the image can be obtained after 10 - 15 minutes after the procedure. Somewhat more complex in performing contrast radiography ( it is required to enter the contrast, check if the patient has allergies to it). After this patient's procedure, some time is observed, since by the on-line reactions may arise.

Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) represents diagnostic method Studies of tissues and organs based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance. The essence lies in the fact that in each body tissue contains different concentration of hydrogen ions. Their movement in the electromagnetic field and catches the device.

At the time of study, a magnetic field is created in the Cabin, and the electromagnetic radiation of a certain frequency affects the body of the body, which causes the excitation of hydrogen atoms. Along with this scanner, the MRI cabin registers the electromagnetic response of these excited atoms. The information received from scanners to the computer is processed, and then manifests itself in the form of images on the monitor screen. They can be printed and get a picture of MRI.
MRI is one of the most accurate and secure methods Modern diagnosis with pain in the abdomen on the right. However, limited use in medicine is primarily associated with a high cost, as well as with the fact that such a study is impossible to carry out those who have ferromagnetic implants ( cardiosimulants, knitting needles, etc.).

There are several types of magnetic resonance tomography:

• Normal MRI.. Normal MRI is used in the diagnosis of numerous diseases. It is used as to identify volume formations (cyst, tumors, abscesses, obstruction, hernia, stones), and to detect inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune and other pathology.
• MP Perfusion. MR perfusion is a type of MRI, which allows to assess the level of blood supply to organs. With abdominal pain on the right most often used in the diagnosis of diseases of the vessels, liver and kidney.
• MP spectroscopy.. MP spectroscopy helps to determine the biochemical concentrations of individual metabolites ( products of metabolism) In the explored organ or tissue. A significant advantage of this type of study is the ability to detect pathology at its early stages.
• Mr angiography. Mr angiography is a method for diagnosing vascular pathology. Distinguish between mp angiography without contrast and with contrast. With abdominal pains in the right area, this type of study is mainly used in the diagnosis of the aneurysm of the abdominal aorta, thrombosis and embolids of mesenterial vessels.

CT scan

CT scan ( Kt.) It is a method of transverse, layered x-ray study. As well as during radiography, the radiation source is the radiation tube ( x-ray). The receiver of radiation in this study is special ionization chambers. After entering the radiation receiver, they are transformed into electrical impulseswhich are then transmitted to the processing computer. During CT, the source and the radiation receiver is synchronously moving in one direction, around the longitudinal axis of the patient's body, which allows the required number of images in any area of \u200b\u200bthe area of \u200b\u200binterest.

Despite the fact that computed tomography in comparison with x-ray research Regarding the road, it is a valuable diagnostic study method with pain in the abdomen on the right. Being highly informative, CT helps to detect and evaluate the severity of the disease, the presence of complications, concomitant pathology, presence or absence of any changes in tissues and organs.

Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is a diagnostic method that allows us to estimate the state of the mucous membrane of the fat intestine. This procedure is carried out by an endoscopist with the help of a medical endoscopic probe. It is a tube with a built-in video camera, which transmits information about the state of the mucous to the monitor screen. The colonoscopy is a rapid and indispensable diagnostic procedure for diseases such as cancer, polyps, ulcers, inflammation of the large intestine, ulcerative colitis, etc. When the colonoscopy can be carried out not only to visualize the state of the intestinal mucosa, but also to select the material for the study ( conduct biopsy).

This procedure is harmless, however, during its holding, the patient may have discomfort. To reduce it before conducting a colonoscopy, the patient appoints antispasmodics, which relax the intestinal wall. Then make an anesthetic injection in order for the procedure less painful. And only after that begin colonoscopy. On average, the procedure itself lasts from 10 to 15 minutes, depending on the objectives of the study. The results of the study of the patient provide instantly at the end of colonoscopy ( if fabrics for microscopic analysis were not taken).

On the eve of the procedure, the patient is prohibited ( 12 hours before the procedure). If the procedure is carried out in the morning, then perfusion enema is made in order to completely clean the intestine. This is necessary for better visualization of the intestinal walls on the screen during the procedure.

Ultrasound procedure

Ultrasound is a diagnostic method based on obtaining and analyzing ultrasound waves reflected from the body tissues. Principle this study It is that different tissues and media in the human body have different acoustic resistance ( prevent the passage of ultrasound). Fabrics that have more resistance, reflect ultrasound stronger ( bright and bright images) than those whose indicator is less. The stronger the reflection, the more waves fall on the registrar ( sensor) and the brighter and brighter look like fabrics and structures ( on the monitor screen), Relaxed irradiated plot.

There are the following types ultrasonic research:

• Extracorporeal scanning. Extracorporeal scanning is the most common type of ultrasound, which is to scan internal organs and tissues from the surface of the human body. The advantages of the method are its high availability, low cost, no contraindications, compelling and informativeness.
• Intracorporal scanning. The essence of the intracorporeal ultrasound method is to introduce special ultrasound sensors in the cavity. They are injected like through natural holes (through urethra, vagina, anal or oral hole) and through artificial ( through traumatic and operating holes). A significant advantage of this method is the possibility of maximum approximation of the sensor itself to the organ ( what improves image clarity), which must be explored. The minus is invasiveness ( traumatic) and special readings for which it can be done.
• Dopplerography. One of the varieties of extracorporeal ultrasound is dopplerography. It is based on the Doppler effect. The principle of this effect is based on the change in the reflection of ultrasonic waves, depending on the speed of the movement of objects in the medium under study. In medicine, Doppler has found its application in the diagnosis of lesions of the cardiovascular system.
• Echocontrastic. This method is based on the introduction of gas microbubbles into the vascular channel ( contrast substance) and evaluating vessels and tissue perfusion.

The ultrasound research method allows estimating the size, form, position of the internal organs, their contours, as well as the structure of parenchymathous and hollow organs ( characteristics of walls and shells). In addition to the determination of physiological characteristics, with the help of this study, you can determine the presence and localization of various diseases that are the cause of pain in the abdomen on the right.

Using the ultrasound, you can find the following types of pathological changes:

• Enlargement of the body in size. An increase in the body can be observed with cholecystitis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, appendicitis, chronic prostatitis, intestinal obstruction, hydronephrosis, etc.
• Reduction of the body in size. The decrease in the organ is stated with diseases such as cirrhosis of the liver, renal amyloidosis, chronic poisoning with various heavy metals, etc.
• Volumetric Education. From the main volume formations, cysts filled with serous fluid and tumors can be distinguished. On the ultrasound cysts look like a circle or oval. Their edges are smooth, with clear contours. Inside the edges is black ( anechogenic) Zone, which is a mapping of serous fluid inside the cyst. The ultrasound structure of the neoplasms is diverse. Anechogenic ( bleeding) black, low echogenic ( necrosis) Dark gray, echo-positive ( tumor fabric) Light gray and hyperheogenic ( outdictions) Light zones.
• Extensive education . Extensive education, such as abscesses or tuberculosis cavities, in contrast to the cyst, have uneven edges and heterogeneous ( non-uniform) Internal structure.
• Inflammatory education. For inflammatory formations, incorrect edges are characterized, a variety of shape and moderate hypo echogenicity of the lesion zone. Such, for example, can be observed with various inflammatory and infectious diseases of the abdominal cavity.
• Obstruction of blood vessels. Dopple cartography or echocontrase are often used to diagnose blood vessels. These methods allow you to quickly determine the presence and localization of blood flow disorders.
• Stones. With the help of ultrasound, you can easily diagnose diseases such as choletiasis and nephrolity. In the pictures, the stones look like rounded, hyperechogenic formations with clear edges.
• Pathological cluster of fluid. The ultrasound method can detect the pathological cluster of the fluid ( exudat) In the abdominal cavity. Exudate ( anechogenic zone) It is one of the signs of inflammation and is observed during peritonitis, injuries, infectious intestinal lesions, etc.

Diagnostic laparoscopy and laparotomy

Laparoscopy and laparotomy as diagnostic methods are used very rarely. They are used only in cases where other methods are not informative enough, and the doctor wants more reliable information about the disease.

Lapotomy is a surgical cutting of belly wall tissues to access various abdominal organs. With laparoscopy in the abdominal cavity, through a small hole, an endoscopic device laparoscope is introduced. It allows visual ( through the monitor screen) Explore the external structure of the abdominal organs.

The advantages of laparoscopy in contrast to laparotomy is the speed, low tissue injury, the absence of postoperative coarse and painful scars. After laparoscopy, patients are usually restored very quickly, due to which their stay in the hospital decreases. Significant minuses of both techniques are their invasiveness ( traumatic) and the impossibility of assessing the internal structure of body tissues.

Basic possible complications In the implementation of laparoscopy and laparotomy can become internal bleeding or peritonitis ( when entering infection). The causes of complications, often becoming random mechanical damage to blood vessels and intestines arising during diagnostic procedures.

General blood analysis

General analysis Blood is the most common laboratory research method. It gives important information about the state, first of all, the cell composition of the blood, as well as the level of other specific indicators. The appearance of changes in the blood is often associated with pains in the right area, so the purpose of this study is an important diagnostic step.

Blood for this analysis can be taken both from the finger and from the vein ( more often taken from the finger). It is not necessary to take the blood of an empty stomach, but fatty food or overall a dense dinner can slightly distort the result.

Blood chemistry

Biochemical blood test is a type of laboratory analyzes that help analyze the concentration of some exchange products and serum enzymes. According to the results of this study, the doctor can make a conclusion about the status and work of many organs. Biochemical blood test is very fast, economical and informative method Studies of the function of internal organs, which is widely used in the diagnosis of various diseases.

When studying the results biochemical analysis Blood can be detected various changes in biochemical indicators. Basically, these changes are associated with their increase.

Changes in major biochemical indicators and possible causes

Analysis indicator	Change	Examples of possible diseases
Glucose (sugar)	Raising	Sugar diabetes, adrenal tumor, infectious hepatitis.
	Lower	Sepsis, hormone-producing pancreatic tumor, autoimmune diseases, renal failure.
Urea	Raising	Renal failure, peritonitis, nephrolity, intestinal obstruction, hepatitis, infectious diseases of the intestine.
Creatinine	Raising	Injuries, poisoning with heavy metals, nephrolithiasis, infectious diseases of the kidneys, thyrotoxicosis.
Common Bilirubin	Raising	Hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, elevated metals, liver tumors, pancreas, bile disease.
Alaninotransferase (Alt)	Raising	Liver cancer, hepatitis, poisoning with heavy metals.
Aspartataminotransferase (AST)	Raising	Hepatitis, liver cancer, myocardial infarction, muscle injury, choletiasis.
Alkaline phosphatase	Raising	Hollyatiasis, kidney infarction, tuberculosis, liver cancer.
Amylase	Raising	Pancreatitis, pancreatic neoplasms.
Common protein	Raising	Infectious diseases of the intestine, burns.
	Lower	Chronic bleeding, hepatitis, tumors, diabetes mellitus.
Albumen	Lower	Neoplasms of various organs, sepsis, thyrotoxicosis, injuries, toxic hepatitis, infectious diseases of the intestine.
Lipasa	Raising	Pancreatitis, cholecystitis, diabetes, choletiasis, pancreatic tumor, renal failure, injury.
C-reactive protein	Raising	Infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune diseases of various organs and systems.
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)	Raising	Myocardial infarction, kidney disease, various neoplasms, hepatitis, muscle and bone injuries.

Analysis of urine

Urine analysis is a standard diagnostic element of a comprehensive diagnosis of diseases of the urogenital, cardiovascular, digestive and other systems. In diseases causing pain in the abdomen on the right, in the analysis of urine, it is often possible to detect changes in its normal indicators, some of which are presented below in the table.

Typical changes in urine analysis and examples of pathologies

Indicator	Change	Examples of diseases
Color	Red	Nephrolithiasis, pyelonephritis, renal tuberculosis, kidney infarction.
	Colorless	Diabetes.
	Dark brown	Hepatic insufficiency, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, choletiasis, porphyria.
Transparency	Lounge	Pyelonephritis, nephrolithiasis, prostatitis, kidney cancer.
Protein in urine	Raising	Pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, renal failure.
Glucose	Raising	Sugar diabetes, pancreatitis, adrenal tumor.
Bilirubin	Appearance	Cholelithiasis, hepatitis, liver failure.
Urobilinogen.	Raising	Inflammatory bowel diseases, liver failure, sepsis.
Erythrocytes	Raising	Infarction kidney, nephrolithiasis, prostate or kidney neoplasms.
Leukocytes	Raising	Nephrolithiasis, pyelonephritis, kidney tumor, prostate cancer, prostatitis, renal tuberculosis.
Bacteria in sediment	Raising	Prostatitis, pyelonephritis.

Usually, the first portion of the morning urine is needed for the analysis, since the person does not drink water overnight. In the kidneys, a significant amount of blood is filtered during this time, and the concentration of various substances will most objectively reflect the processes in the body.

Analysis of Cala

A significant role is also played by the color of the feet. Lighter tones ( and sometimes at all the chair almost white color ) They talk about problems with the allocation of bile in the intestinal lumen. If there are pain in the right hypochondrium, it speaks in favor of cholecystitis, choletiasis, cholangitis, or other problems with the bubble bubble. Almost black liquid chair ( melena) is a consequence of bleeding in the upper sections of the gastrointestinal tract ( stomach, duodenum). As the intestine passing, the blood is partly digested and becomes almost black.

Seric tests

Serological tests are called specific reactions that allow you to detect various antigens or antibodies in the patient's blood. This study method is widely used in suspected various intestinal infections or autoimmune diseases. In the first case, they are looking for antigens ( alien fragments) Bacteria or antibodies generated by the immune system. With autoimmune pathologies, specific autoantibodes can be found to their own organism cells.

This analysis applies only if there are appropriate symptoms. It requires the usual blood delivery, and the result may be ready in a few hours or days ( depending on the method used). Serological tests allow you to confirm the presence of an infectious disease and finally diagnose.

This method can detect the following reasons for abdominal pain:

• dieseneria ( shigellis);
• escherichiosis;
• other infections.

Microbiological research methods

Microbiological methods are used to detect the pathogens of infectious diseases that could cause pain in the right side of the abdomen. A study may be subject to any biological material, in which, according to the attending physician, there are microbes that caused the disease. In the case of abdominal pain, it is most often sampled samples, but in some diseases, samples of urine, blood, vomit, etc. are taken.

One of the possible causes of pain in the right side of the abdomen can be a myocardial infarction. Electrocardiography allows you to evaluate the bioelectric activity of the heart muscle. This is the easiest, fast and safe way to exclude a heart attack as a possible cause of pain. As a rule, this study is recommended to make most patients who do not combine pain with other symptoms ( no bloating, palpation of the abdomen of pain does not strengthen, no problems with digestion).

ECG removal takes no more than 15 to 20 minutes. At the same time, an experienced doctor according to its results can make a conclusion about the work of the heart. Thus, this method eliminates cardiology as the cause of pain in the stomach and gives additional informationwhich may be needed for treatment in the future.

Fibrozophagogastroduodenoscopy

This diagnostic method relates to instrumental. The essence of the method is to introduce through the oral hole of the special apparatus - an endoscope. At the end of the flexible wire there is a small camera that transmits the image to the monitor. Before the procedure, the patient should not have ( at least 12 hours). To weaken the vomit reflex, antiemetic drugs and sedatives are also prescribed.

FEGDS allows the doctor to inspect the top gastrointestinal departments ( gastrointestinal tract). With it, it is possible to confirm the presence of gastric ulcers, gastritis, cancer tumors. If necessary, right during the procedure there is a biopsy of suspicious formations ( takes a piece of fabrics for analysis). Also possible stopping small bleeding. With this procedure, you can exclude or confirm a number of stomach pathologies and duodenum, which can cause pain in the right upper part of the abdomen.

Diagnostic sensing

The purpose of the diagnostic sensing is to obtain bile directly from the gallbladder. To do this, through the esophagus and the stomach in duodenal gut Enter a special probe on a flexible tube. When it reaches the release of a common bile duct, the probe is fixed. After that, the patient falls on the right side and puts under the ribs a warm height. Under the influence of heat, the muscles of the gallbladder relax, and through the probe begins to go bile. Sometimes to accelerate the outflow of bile, you have to resort to a stimulating massage.

Before the procedure ( for 10 - 12 hours) The patient should not have anything, as this can increase the vomit reflex when the probe is swallowed. In advance, some amount of sorbitol or special mineral Waterwhich stimulate the relaxation of the gallbladder. To obtain a good sample of bile, the patient lies on the heating of 1 - 2 hours, after which the probe is extracted.

With this method, you can collect information about pathological processes in the liver and the bustling bubble. If an infection is suspected, you can also explore the bile obtained using microbiological methods.

What to do with pain in the right side of the abdomen?

One of the most serious states in medicine is a sharp belly. It is characterized by strong pains in any part of the abdominal cavity and most often caused by an active inflammatory process. Diseases with acute abdomen symptoms are an urgent indication for hospitalization in profile ( most often surgical) Department of the nearest hospital. The most favorable forecast when surgery is carried out in the first few hours from the appearance of symptoms. With a later appeal to the doctor, serious complications are developing, which worsen the evolution of the pathological process and lengthen the recovery period after the provision of qualified medical care.

With strong pains in the stomach, it is unacceptable to engage in self-treatment and self-diagnosis, refuse to hospitalize or apply various manipulations at home in order to reduce symptoms. It is also impractical on the prehospital stage to waste time on trying to establish the exact reason that caused the symptoms. There are too many of these reasons, and some of them require immediate treatment. The final diagnosis will be delivered in the hospital. Sometimes it turns out only during the operation, which is carried out if the pains do not pass, and their reason is not clear.

With severe abdominal pains, the following recommendations exist:

• call an ambulance brigade;
• take maximum convenient position in bed, in which pain decreases;
• attach the cold to the stomach - it slows down blood circulation and inhibits inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity;
• regular control of blood pressure;
• upon arrival, doctors transport the patient is preferably in the lying position on stretchers;
• special measures for transportation is usually not required, but in the development of acute arterial hypotension ( sharp decrease in blood pressure) It may be necessary to transfusion of colloid solutions ( reopolyglyukin, plasma).
• before hospitalization, it is desirable to limit drinking and not consume any food before the doctor's examination and the formulation of an accurate diagnosis.

There are also several important prohibitions that need to be remembered when providing first aid. In acute abdomen, it is impossible to apply to reduce pain preparations from the NSAID group ( nonteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and painkillers ( Nimesulide, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Tramadol, etc.) Before inspection by a specialist. Data drugs reduce pain, but do not eliminate the cause caused by the disease. Symptoms of the disease become erased, and in such conditions the doctor is more difficult to put a timely correct diagnosis. This, in turn, may worsen the forecast during pathology due to delay in providing qualified medical care. Also undesirable to apply various warming procedures, take hot baths, apply the heap to the patient of the abdomen. This can lead to a more rapid deterioration in the overall state, accelerate the progression of inflammatory processes ( the vessels are expanding, swelling is growing, and the infection is activated).

Also should not be used alcohol. Alcoholic beverages depress the effect of the nervous system, possess an anesthetic effect that, as in the use of analgesics ( anesthetics), reduces the symptoms and complicates the surgeon to quickly formulate a diagnosis. For the same reasons, it is necessary to refrain from the use of sleeping pills, neuroleptics and other drugs depressing the nervous system.

It is extremely dangerous to stimulate the intestinal peristalsis by various laxative drugs, as well as apply cleaning belly. The intestinal stretching and the voltage of its walls often cause gain pain. For example, during bowel perforation, its content will begin to fall in large quantities in the abdominal cavity and the generalized peritonitis will be developed. The patient's condition will seriously deteriorate in minutes. For the same reason, it is impossible to cause forcibly vomiting or rinse the stomach.

If the pain in the stomach moderates or appear periodically, then such a state is not regarded as a sharp belly. However, it is still desirable to refer to the doctor and try to follow the rules prescribed above. After diagnosis or if the patient is already a diagnosis is already known ( there is an aggravation of famous pathology) Take special measures to combat pain. In the case of each pathology, they are different, therefore there are no uniform treatment standards for all abdominal pain.

For each individual disease, specific measures are needed to eliminate abdominal pain and high-grade treatment:

• acute cholecystitis;
• acute appendicitis;
• stenosis of the gastric gatekeeper;
• intestinal infections;
• an irritable bowel syndrome.

Acute cholecystitis

In acute cholecystitis, treatment is strictly operational. After diagnosis, the pain is usually removed by antispasmodic agents, relaxing the smooth muscles of the gallbladder. Then the patient operates, most often removing the gallbladder. This operation is called cholecystectomy.

Cholecystectomy can be carried out in two ways:

• Lapotomy. This method It is considered traditional, but outdated. The abdominal wall dissects, followed by the extraction of the gallbladder. In this case, the patient remains a long healing seams, there is a risk postoperative complications.
• Laparoscopy. With laparoscopy, only a few small holes in the front abdominal wall are made. Through them, with the help of special equipment, a gallbladder is extracted. Bleedings are avoided by causthing fabrics. Rehabilitation after such an operation is much faster, and the risk of complications is lower.

Acute appendicitis

With acute appendicitis, an urgent removal of an inflamed worm-like-shaped process - appendectomy is also recommended. It is almost always done with the dissection of the front abdominal wall. This is necessary, since during the operation it can find out that Appendix occupies an atypical position. Then the incision will have to increase. Appendectomy is considered a routine operation, and the mortality rate is very low. Pains pass within 1 - 2 weeks after surgery.

If the operation fails, there is a risk of peritonitis. Then the forecast is greatly worsening. Also, the formation of an appendicular plastron is possible, in which the appendix "sticks" with neighboring bodies, forming a large inflammatory hearth. Then the risk of complications during the operation increases.

Stenosis of the gastric stenosis

The cardinal method of treatment during the stenosis of the gastric gastrob is surgical intervention. It consists in expanding this hole so that food can freely go to the duodenum. Sometimes it is possible to achieve with a special probe, which is carried out in the stomach through the mouth. The air is pumped into the pear at the end of the probe, it increases in diameter and expands the narrowed plot.

but surgery In this case, it is not the only way out. With stenosis, there is no such high risk of complications as with inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity. Patients can be assigned antispasmodic preparations and a special diet. Principle of diet - liquid and semi-winged food ( soups, porridge, etc.). It is easier and faster passes the stomach, without lingering in the area of \u200b\u200bthe narrowed gatekeeper. In this case, the doctor should be regularly shown to detect possible changes in the patient state. If the patient loses weight, it speaks of insufficient effectiveness conservative treatment And the operation is recommended.

Intestinal infections

In case of intestinal infections, it is recommended to comply with a diet. It is impossible to use meat, oily or salty food, alcohol, raw vegetables and fruits. All this will strengthen the intestinal cuts, while its walls due to infection and so weakened. Nutrients will not be absorbed, and pain will be intensified.

Most of the intestinal infections run on their own after 2 - 3 weeks, when antibodies to the causative agents of the disease are produced in the body. Antibiotic therapy is most often prescribed to accelerate treatment and prevent heavy forms of diseases. The choice of an antibiotic depends on the type of infection. Properly selected drug will reduce pain and other symptoms after 5 to 7 days.

Products that can provoke these diseases are:

• alcohol;
• smoked;
• pickles;
• excessively fatty or spicy food;
• mushrooms;
• marinated products.

Also a possible cause of abdominal pain in children are allergic reactions. They, contrary to popular belief, are not limited to skin manifestations. For example, in response to feeding with honey, nuts, citrus children can give diarrhea, abdominal pain.

At the same time, such inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity as gastritis, appendicitis, cholecystitis are fluidally characteristic of children. These pathologies are developing as a consequence of an improper lifestyle and nutrition, and therefore require more prolonged exposure provoking factors. Also, rarely in children occurs, for example, thrombosis of mesenterical arteries. At the same time, the abdominal aortic aneurysm ( if it is congenital) It may well give periodic pain.

Thus, the spectrum of possible causes of pain in the right side of the abdomen in children is quite wide. Certain difficulties represent and examination of such patients. Small children cannot point out the character of pain, and sometimes simply cannot say that they have a hurt. Then you have to focus on the behavior of a baby concomitant symptoms. With unusual behavior, constant crying in combination with diarrhea, vomiting or meteorism should be suspected and pain in the abdomen. Only timely appeal to the specialist will help to establish the true cause of the disease.

Why hurts to right at the bottom of the abdomen during pregnancy?

Pain in abdomen during pregnancy is a fairly common phenomenon, with which the overwhelming majority of women are facing. Most often, they are caused by physiological causes and do not indicate the development of any serious illness. Moderate periodic pains and discomfort can be caused by overeating, the growth of the fetus, the movements of the child ( on late time ), squeezing some organs or their displacement. However, any regular pain, and especially sharp, should be perceived with all seriousness. Many hazardous diseases debut or exacerbate precisely during pregnancy. In this case, they can jeopardize the health of both mother and fetus.


Frequent exacerbation of some pathologies in pregnant women is explained next changes in the body:

• Hormonal perestroika . Since the conception of the child, endocrine glands of the future mother start working differently. The process of attaching the fetus in the uterus is accompanied by an increase in the production of a number of hormones that prepare the body for the period of pregnancy. This can launch some autoimmune and genetic diseases that did not appear before.
• Displacement of the abdominal organs. Growing fruit shifts some moving organs. For example, the blind intestine together with the appendix in the later periods of pregnancy rises from the right iliac hole to the level of the navel, and sometimes higher. Squeezing the intestinal loops, vessels or nerves can provoke an inflammatory process.
• The presence of a growing fruit. Often, pain is connected directly with the growing fruit and are a consequence of pregnancy complications.
• Changing food preferences. In pregnant women, the diet is often changing. Some try to move to more healthy food, others simply begin to like new ones, sometimes exotic dishes. However, the organs of the digestive system, accustomed to a certain diet, do not always take such changes. There may be an intestine dysbacteriosis, aggravation of some of his diseases.
• Weakening immunity. During pregnancy the immune system Norma works worse than usual. Because of this, the risk of infectious diseases increases. It is often observed intestinal infections caused by conventionally pathogenic microbes, which are normal in the intestines, but do not cause diseases.

In the aggregate, all these changes create a favorable soil for the development of various diseases. In principle, all the reasons for abdominal pain in ordinary people can also meet with pregnant women. However, some of them, due to the mechanism of development, are more common during pregnancy.

Most frequent reasons The following pathologies are pain in the right side of the abdomen during pregnancy:

• Inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity. Diseases such as appendicitis, cholecystitis, colitis occur more often than pregnancy due to mechanical squeezing the increasing uterus. In Apandix, for example, it may be squeezed by his lumen, in the intestine - the passability of its contents will deteriorate. However, without chronic problems with these bodies or infections, inflammation will not develop.
• Circulatory disorder. There are cases when the growing fruit shifted the abdominal organs in such a way that some vessels were clarified. In these cases, acute oxygen fasting of certain tissues occurs. For example, twist the intestinal loops leads to the compression of mesenterical arteries. It is also possible to twist the ovary or other organs with relatively big mobility.
• Autoimmune processes. Some diseases associated with the increased activity of immunity can also exacerbate during pregnancy. Abdominal pain can cause Crohn's disease, nonspecific ulcerative colitis.
• Complications of the course of pregnancy. Such hazardous complications such as fetal hypoxia, the detachment of the placenta or intrauterine death can cause sharp pain. Also, acute pain in the right bottom of the abdomen can be associated with ectopic pregnancy, when the fertilized egg is attached not in the body of the uterus, but in\u003e mastechnic trumpet. Then in the process of fetal growth, the pipe is stretched and can break.
• Endocrine diseases. Hormonal restructuring can have a cascade character, since many glands of internal secretion affect each other's work. Therefore, the enhanced highlighting of the hormones necessary for the normal course of pregnancy, sometimes cause thyrotoxicosis ( high concentration of thyroid hormones in blood), exacerbation sugar diabetes (up to the diabetic coma). In these cases, periodic abdominal pains of various localization may appear.
• Genetic diseases. Some genetic diseases may not manifest for a long time. Their development is often provoked various species stress ( one of which can be considered pregnancy). A typical example of such a disease is porphyry, in which the enhanced selection of the porphyrin protein causes periodic severe abdominal pain. It has been proven that this pathology is largely predetermined by congenital factors, but is often manifested during pregnancy.

In general, the causes of pain in the abdomen during pregnancy can be a lot. The appearance of this symptom should necessarily notify the doctor leading the pregnancy.