For the treatment of various diseases, several methods of acupressure are currently used. One of them is based on the method traditional medicine China, called zhen-tszyu-therapy - massage of acupuncture points. The essence of this acupressure boils down to mechanical irritation small areas of the skin, which we call biologically active points due to the placement in them a large number nerve endings. Experts describe about 700 biologically active points. The most commonly used are about 140.
Acupressure for back pain allows you to relax tense muscles, improve the nutrition of the intervertebral discs, reduce pain, and increase the mobility of the spine. The choice of points depends on the level of the lesion.
The diagrams below indicate the placement of some of the main points on the neck, back, abdomen, arms and legs, which are massaged for diseases of the spine. The diagrams indicate the numbers and names of the points recommended by the Japanese doctor medical sciences Serizawa Katsusuke. But do not forget that each person is an individual. You can be thinner or fatter, have a different structure, then your point will be slightly shifted.
When you begin to study the points and find a painful, tense place, press on it with your fingertip. Pressing can be done with the pads of the index, middle, ring or thumb. It should be strong enough, but not excessive and not cause acute pain. You can use rotational movements, vibration or periodic pressure on the point until it hurts. The duration of the massage is selected individually, on average for each point 3-5 minutes. Sometimes it takes a long time to improve the condition, and sometimes it comes very quickly.
To relieve pain, muscle tension and a feeling of numbness in the back of the head, neck, shoulders, pressure points are applied:
- Feng Chi (3),
- Tian-zhu (4),
- Chien-ching (2),
- Qu-yuan (5),
- Fei-shu (6),
- Hae-gu (1),
- Qi-she (9)
- Da-zhui (16)
- Jianyu (18),
- Bi-nao (17),
- Que-pen (19),
- Qu-chi (10),
- Shao-hai (12),
- Chi-chie (13),
- Nei-guan (11),
- Shen-men (14),
- Yang-chi (15).
For pain in lumbar of the spine, the following points on the lower back, abdomen and legs are exposed:
- San-jiao-shu (33),
- Shen-shu (24),
- Da-chan-shu (35),
- Zhong-wan (36),
- Dai-mai (37),
- Tian-shu (38) and Cheng-shan (39),
- Guan-yuan-shu (40),
- Yang-guan (41),
- Pang-guang-shu (43),
- Ci-liao (44),
- Guan Yuan (47),
- San-yin-jiao (68).
Explanations on the location of biologically active points:
Neck:
- Jian-ching (2) is located in the middle between the base of the neck in the occipital region and the end of the shoulder.
- Feng Chi (3) and Tien Zhu (4) are located on the occipital bone on both sides of the cervical spine, along the edge of the hair.
- Qu-yuan (5) is located on the inner upper corners of the shoulder blades.
- Fei-shu (6) is located on both sides of the 3rd thoracic vertebra.
- Wan-gu (7) is located in the lateral region of the neck, at a distance of 8 mm from the edge of the hair behind the ear.
- Qi-she (9) is located 3 cm from the midline of the anterior surface of the neck, on the upper edge of the sternum and the inner edge of the clavicle (at the end of the sternocleidomastoid muscle).
- Dazhui (16) is located between the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and first thoracic vertebrae.
- Que-pen (19) is located in the middle of the cavity above the collarbone.
Hand:
- Bi-nao (17) is on outer surface shoulder 14 cm higher elbow joint.
- Jianyu (18) - in the recess, which is formed at the end of the shoulder when the arm is raised to a horizontal level.
- Qu-chi (10) - in the corner of the outer skin fold of the elbow joint, which is formed when the forearm is bent.
- Shao-hai (12) - in the fold of the elbow at its inner edge.
- Chi-tse (13) - in the fold of the elbow bend on the outside on the palmar surface of the hand.
- Nei-guan (11) - 4 cm above the middle of the crease of the wrist crease on the palmar surface.
- Shen-men (14) - at the inner edge of the wrist joint closer to the palmar surface.
- Yang-chi (15) - in the center of the wrist joint on dorsal surface.
- He-gu (1) - on the back of the hand, in the center between the heads of the first and second metacarpal bones; otherwise - at the top of the elevation formed when the thumb is pressed against the index finger.
Back:
- San-jiao-shu (33) is located under the spinous process of the 1st lumbar vertebra 3 cm outside of it.
- Shen-shu (24) - under the spinous process of the 2nd lumbar vertebra, 3 cm outside of it.
- Da-chan-shu (35) - under the spinous process of the 4th lumbar vertebra, 3 cm outside of it.
- Guan-yuan-shu (40) - under the spinous process of the 5th lumbar vertebra, 3 cm outside of the spine.
- Yang-guan (41) - in a depression under the spinous process of the 4th lumbar vertebra.
- Pang-guang-shu (43) - under the spinous process of the 2nd sacral vertebra 3 cm outside of it.
- Tsy-lyao (44) - under the spinous process of the 2nd sacral vertebra, 1.5 cm outside of it.
Stomach:
- Zhong-wan (36) is located in the middle between the end of the sternum and the navel.
- Dai-mai (37) is located on the side of the abdomen at the level of the navel.
- Tien-shu (38) - on both sides of the navel, 4 cm from it.
- Kuan-yuan (47) - 6 cm below the navel
Leg:
- Cheng-shan (39) is located on the back of the lower leg, where the muscle passes into the tendon.
- San-yin-jiao (68) - 6 cm above the inner ankle of the leg.
What is the most important acupuncture point on the legs? There are many significant ones, we will list the main BAPs, which are also easy to find for a non-specialist.
V 36 (cheng fu)
acupuncture point channel Bladder, is located in the center of the infragluteal fold. It is used for pain in the lumbosacral spine, lower limbs, urination disorders and menstrual cycle, .
V 40 (wei zhong)
It is located in the popliteal fossa (the popliteal artery is located in the depth). Indications: arterial hypertension, kidney and bladder diseases, endocrine disorders, intestinal dyskinesia and hemorrhoids, skin diseases, allergies, sciatica.
E 36 (zu-san-li)
The point of the stomach meridian is located 4 transverse fingers below the lower edge of the patella outward from the edge of the tibia to the width of one finger, in a depression. One of the most important acupuncture points. It has a general strengthening effect, stimulates the immune system, metabolic processes in the body, is effective for pain different localization, cardiovascular diseases, diseases of the stomach and intestines, vegetative-vascular dystonia and mental disorders, pathology of the skin and nervous system.
VB 34 (yang lin quan)
The active point of the gallbladder channel is located three transverse fingers below the lower edge of the patella at the point of transition of the anterior edge of the head of the fibula into its body in a depression. It is used for pathology of the biliary tract, impaired hearing, vision, bronchial asthma, pathology muscular system, vessels and nerves lower limb, cervical and lumbar osteochondrosis.
RP 6 (san yin chiao)
The acupuncture point of the spleen-pancreas canal is located posterior to the edge of the tibia, 4 transverse fingers 
above the center of the inner ankle. It is used for diseases of the stomach and intestines, biliary and urinary tract, and gynecological disorders, sexual disorders, reduced immunity, sciatica, the consequences of a stroke, neurasthenia.
V 60 (kun-lun)
It is located on the bladder canal in a depression in the middle of the distance between the center of the outer ankle and the Achilles tendon. Used for arterial hypertension, meteopathies, diseases urinary organs, pain in various parts of the body, with sciatica and nocturnal enuresis, eye diseases and hemorrhoids, the consequences of a stroke, arthritis.
R 6 (zhao hai)
The acupuncture point of the kidney meridian is located below the lower edge of the inner ankle in a depression. It is used for diseases of the urogenital area, liver and pancreas, hearing loss, neurasthenia, epilepsy, sciatica, arthritis.
R 3 (tai-si)
It is located midway between the center of the inner ankle and the Achilles tendon in a depression. It is used for hereditary diseases, pathology of the kidneys and urinary tract, menstrual disorders, hearing loss, edema, arthritis, sciatica.
F 3 (tai chun)
It is located on the liver canal between the first and second metatarsal bones at the point of their convergence in the recess. It is used for pathology of the muscular system, gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, gynecological and genitourinary disorders, eye diseases, neurotic and mental disorders, allergies, arterial hypertension.
R 1 (yungquan)
The acupuncture point of the kidney canal is located in the center of the sole, in the depression between the "corns", which is formed when the toes are bent. Used for pain in the head, visual impairment, arthritis, sciatica, convulsive syndrome.
Each of you has repeatedly used massage to improve your health and rejuvenate your body.
This is a unique method not only for the prevention of the disease, but also for its treatment. After all, through massage, you can influence both the external parts of the body and the internal organs.
The basic massage techniques have been tested by many years of practice of many peoples, scientifically substantiated and are truly a health-improving means of physiological effects on the body.
modern medicine different countries, widely introduces the basic techniques of massage into its practice, it is used not only in therapy, neurology, orthopedics, but even in gynecology and surgery.
Massage techniques are used as independent methods and are combined with other physiological and medical procedures. AT healing methods it is better to use massage after consulting a doctor, for the purpose of prevention - you can carry out self-massage.
All types of massages help relieve fatigue and tension, help prepare the body for great physical and mental stress. It is shown to all healthy people, regardless of age, only its dosage for each person should be selected individually. Today we will talk about the basic techniques of Chinese acupressure.
What is acupressure
Acupressure is a very ancient method of influencing the human body. It arose in ancient China, after healers turned their attention to especially important, vital points on the human body, which are connected with internal organs and systems by inseparable and invisible channels.
When exposed to which not only improves general state of a person, but also the functions of the disturbed work of internal organs are restored.
Later, these biological active points(BAP) have been described. Now there are about 700 of them on the human body, but only about 150 points are used.
Chinese healers believed that when a disease occurs in any organ, the entire body is immediately involved in the disease process. One organ cannot be ill apart from others, a change in the functions of a diseased organ always affects the work of the whole organism. And any disease is a violation of relationships not only within the body, but also the relationships of the body and environment.
And the causes leading to diseases can be both external (injuries, infections, climate) and internal (water, emotions, food).
Based on these data, Chinese healers revealed the relationship of biologically active points with all organs and systems, when exposed to which the lost internal balance is gradually restored.
You can influence BAP with your fingers, a sharp stone, a stick (made of steel and copper, silver and gold, semi-precious stone), a needle, and even cauterization with wormwood cigarettes.
An interesting feature of acupressure is revealed: when stimulating a point, it is possible to cause a response of the body in a zone that in no way has any anatomical connection with the point of impact and is far from it.
And everything is explained by the fact that when BAP is irritated, the internal energy of the body is activated, which, spreading through the energy channels, can:
- calm or, on the contrary, stimulate the autonomic system,
- activate the flow of blood through the vessels and capillaries,
- regulate the functioning of the endocrine glands,
- reduce the feeling of pain
- relieve muscle and nervous tension.
Recent studies show that BAP differ from other areas of the skin in certain ways. They show a decrease electrical resistance, but the absorption ultraviolet radiation, on the contrary, increased. In addition, the points are characterized by more elevated temperature, more high level metabolism, increased sweating, increased pain threshold.
When probing and pressing on them, there is a feeling of soreness, numbness, aches, current discharge, often the impact on the points is accompanied by a feeling of goosebumps. Response symptoms and reaction to the impact of points helps a person in determining the location of the desired points.
Chinese acupressure has the advantage that the method of its influence is very simple, does not require additional equipment, expensive devices. Very small impact area. In emergency cases, massage can be used before the doctor arrives to alleviate the patient's condition, as well as in combination with prescribed medical treatments.
Before doing acupressure, it is advisable to consult a doctor, it is prescribed only in the absence of any contraindications.
Basics of acupressure
According to the treatises of Chinese ancient healers, the energy of life moves through the invisible internal channels or meridians of our body. There are 14 such channels in the human body. Two of them are unpaired and 12 are paired channels. AT healthy body when there is no stagnation of energy in the channels, it moves freely in them. Thus, it conveys to each internal organ the amount of energy necessary for it. When the flow of energy is disturbed, a person becomes ill.
Two types of energy move along the meridians:
- Yin energy, which carries a negative charge and is characterized by a dark, changeable, cold and wet, passive and secretive maternal principle.
- Yang energy, which carries a positive charge and is characterized by a warm and bright, dry and proactive, constant paternal principle.
According to the treatises Chinese medicine, in the human body there is a constant confrontation between these two principles and all the processes occurring in the body are either positive or negative character. The task of Eastern medicine is to reconcile them.
And another theory of Eastern healers speaks of the connection of the internal organs of a person with the five primary elements of the Earth: this is how Fire is connected with the human heart, Earth - with the spleen, Water - with the kidneys, Wood - with the liver, Metal - with the lungs.
And both of these theories claim that a person is a part of nature and all internal organs are connected both with each other and with nature into a single whole. This judgment is the basis on which acupressure is based.
The basic techniques of acupressure
Chinese classical medicine uses several techniques for performing Chinese eye massage. These include:
- stroking,
- kneading,
- pressing and rubbing
- pushing and vibration,
- even cutting and stabbing.
kneading
This approach is carried out thumb, his pillow. All other fingers must be clenched into a fist and ensure that they do not touch the skin. With the pad of the thumb, slow circular movements are carried out along the massaged point.
Make sure that the skin around the point does not move, only the subcutaneous tissue can move. The movements are slow at first, with a speed of one circular turn in one second, then with acceleration: 3 movements in 1 second. Usually up to 25 movements are used.
pressure
This type of technique is used after kneading, sometimes it is used as an independent technique, sometimes it can precede or follow any technique.
If pressure is applied after kneading the biologically active point, then the same number of pressures must be performed, i.e. 25. If this technique is used as independent method impact, then do up to 75 pressures.
Pressing is done with the pad of the thumb, the finger should be in a perpendicular position to the pressed point. Watch the skin so that it does not move.
The pressures are slow at first, then their speed increases up to 70 times per minute. If there are strong pain sensations, then weaken the degree of impact on the point or take a short break. Sometimes pressure is applied with effort, when the action of the thumb is reinforced by the finger of the second hand.
Trituration
Rubbing well increases blood circulation and lymph flow. It is used for numbness, chills, slight swelling, while the nerve endings are excited, which tones the skin. Fingertips are used for rubbing. When it is necessary to act on biological points located on large muscles, for example, the back, then rubbing is done with the palms or the back of the hand.
Reception Stroking
Stroking is done with the pad of the thumb. Clench other fingers into a fist so that they do not touch the skin. Usually, stroking is carried out in two directions, which should intersect with each other. The speed of stroking a point in the first session is 1 movement per second, in subsequent sessions it may increase. In the massaged point, you need to achieve a feeling of warmth.
Massage reception - pushing
Pushing is performed by the inner or outer part of the thumb, the direction of movement is towards the center of the massaged point. The massage begins with a gentle impact, then its pressure intensifies. At the point of impact, first a feeling of warmth appears, which turns into numbness or aches. At severe pain the intensity of exposure must be reduced.
stabbing
This technique is performed either with one finger or two (forefinger and thumb). Slowly, but with force, the finger presses on the point and holds the finger at maximum pressure for 20-30 seconds. The force of piercing is regulated depending on the sensations that appear at the point of impact (warmth, bursting, pain).
Vibration
Vibration is carried out with the thumb or middle finger and usually follows the piercing massage. This approach causes unusual sensations at the massaged point. Sometimes it creates the impression of being pierced by an electric discharge, and the sensation of a running current is sometimes felt far from the point of impact.
If I do a foot massage, then the sensation of pain from this discharge is felt all the way to the knee. Vibration is performed up to 20 seconds. And at the same time, you need to monitor your breathing, vibrating pressure is performed on the exhale.
Reception - Cutting
This technique resembles piercing, which is carried out with a fingertip, cutting is carried out with a fingernail. Reception must be carried out with caution, because inadvertently it is possible to damage the skin. And watch out painful sensations patient. For self-massage, this technique is not used, it is used when necessary. urgent help human (shock, fainting, heart attack)
My mother had heart attacks with loss of consciousness and before the arrival of the ambulance, I gave her acupressure to relieve pain in the heart and to prevent loss of consciousness, using acupressure - cutting. To do this, you need the little finger on both sides (from the sides) at the level of the bed, squeeze with force with your nails, just stick them into your finger. If it doesn’t work with your nails, you can bite with your teeth.
There will be a separate article about this and other methods of relieving heart attacks using Chinese acupressure.
How to do acupressure correctly
- Carefully act on BAP, the finger should be perpendicular to the skin surface.
- If you use stroking, it should be continuous.
- If you work with rotation, it should be clockwise.
- Rotation and stroking can be done with slight pressure.
- When performing deep pressure, do not forget that it should be short.
Before starting the massage, you must sit in comfortable posture to distract from extraneous thoughts and observe your own inner feelings thinking of a positive outcome. The intensity and duration of the massage affects its nature of exposure.
Soothing acupressure massage
If you want to conduct a soothing massage, then you need to use slow rotational strokes, without moving the skin, with a further increase in finger pressure and holding it for a few seconds at a depth. Massage movements and stimulation of each point is repeated up to 3-5 minutes.
Tonic
It is carried out by strong pressure and intermittent vibration for up to one minute. This type of massage is not supposed to be done in the evening before going to bed.
Massage contraindications
Chinese acupressure has contraindications. It can be used only after talking with a doctor. It is forbidden to massage pregnant women, people with mental and disorders, in feverish conditions. In case of blood disease, patients with tuberculosis, with peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, deep lesions internal organs and malignant tumors.
In addition, it is not supposed to act on BAP on an empty stomach, in a state of intoxication with alcohol, during menstruation.
This massage has age restrictions. It is not used for small children, up to one year old and the elderly.
It is not advisable to massage during magnetic storms and extreme weather changes. And besides this, throughout the course of the massage, it is not recommended to drink strong tea, coffee and other tonic drinks, and of course, alcoholic drinks. Avoid spicy and salty foods. Hot baths, steam rooms, baths are not desirable, it is better to replace them with a warm shower.
Be healthy, dear readers!
The blog articles use pictures from open sources on the Internet. If you suddenly see your author's photo, report it to the blog editor through the form. The photo will be removed, or a link to your resource will be placed. Thanks for understanding!
1 441 0Hello! In this article, we will talk about the features of Chinese massage, its types and techniques, how to perform it, and whether it is possible to do this massage yourself.
What is good Chinese massage?
Chinese massage is a whole science that originated in ancient China. Stimulating blood flow helps fight various diseases, remove toxic substances, accelerate skin regeneration, improve posture, rejuvenate. Massage heals not only the body, but also the soul, uplifting, relaxing, relieving accumulated fatigue.
When exposed to biologically active zones at the time of massage, thanks to endorphins, pain ceases to bother, oxygen and nutrients from increased blood circulation come in the right amount, resistance increases immune system to various kinds of diseases.
The benefits of massage are that it:
- helps to treat depression and restore the body under stress;
- accelerates the recovery process after illness or injury;
- stretches the muscles, making them more elastic;
- fights the appearance of cellulite;
- rejuvenates.
Indications for massage
Indications for Chinese massage are:
- migraine;
- joint diseases;
- asthma;
- diseases of the trachea and bronchi;
- diseases of the skeletal muscles;
- high blood pressure;
- damage to the sciatic nerve;
- insomnia;
- decrease in working capacity;
- memory problems;
- mental exhaustion;
- decreased concentration;
- susceptibility to stress;
- depressive state;
- excessive excitability;
- permanent fatigue;
- toothache;
- Ear ache;
- digestive problems;
- lack of appetite;
- hyperactivity;
- increased acidity and pain in the stomach;
- cold;
- cough;
- allergic reactions;
- sexual impotence;
- diseases in the field of gynecology;
- pain during menstruation;
- vertebral pain;
- convulsions;
- diseases of the musculoskeletal system;
- diseases of the genitourinary system;
- heart disease;
- age-related changes, ptosis.
Safe massage rules
Failure to follow the rules for performing massage can bring a lot of problems, including serious harm to health.
Basic principles of massage:
- It should be done slowly and rhythmically.
- In case of inflammation, not completely healed skin and other violations of the integrity of the skin, massage should be postponed.
- When massaging the abdomen, any pressing should be done at the time of exhalation.
- The mammary glands, armpits, groin, lymph nodes should not be exposed to any effect during the procedure.
Can I do Chinese massage on my own?
With sufficient study of the massage technique, there are no obstacles for self-conduction. But only the simplest self-massage, carried out by means of soft pressing, is allowed, it is not capable of harming the internal organs. A stronger and more intense massage can only be carried out by specialists in this field.
It is desirable that the first procedure be carried out by an experienced massage therapist who will be able to explain in detail what technique should be performed and assess whether the patient can perform the massage on his own.
It is very important to create a cozy environment that will help relax the muscles. Clothing should be loose and the stomach empty. It is permissible to drink herbal tea immediately after the procedure. Massage is carried out either every day or every other day.
Preparatory stage
Before starting the procedure, it is important to prepare the patient for it, intensively warming up his body with pinching and rubbing for twenty minutes. You can also use a special warm compress. After that, the procedure begins, maintaining the same reached warm temperature in the body.
It is also important for the patient to follow a few rules:
- completely relax on the physical and psychological levels;
- an hour before the procedure, do not eat and after the procedure, you should also refrain from eating for an hour;
- visit the toilet beforehand;
- take a shower before the procedure;
- do not use perfumes on a massage day;
- during the session, take a comfortable relaxing position;
- be sure to notify the massage therapist about your diseases and familiarize yourself with contraindications;
- if the patient is subject to frequent allergic reactions, then you should bring your own massage cream or oil to the massage session;
- in case of any discomfort, be sure to notify a specialist;
- choose a massage therapist who evokes positive emotions, since establishing emotional contact is important for the final result.
Basic tricks
The main methods of Chinese massage are:
- strokes- sliding movements that do not create wrinkles on the skin. The intensity and force of pressure changes during the session. This technique relaxes the muscles, tones the skin and soothes.
- kneading- This is the longest and most complex technique that helps relieve tension from the muscles. The principle of such a massage is to “grind” the tissue by pulling and squeezing.
- Trituration- this is an effect on the skin by shifting the skin in all directions, increasing blood circulation and helping to fight edema, as well as neoplasms. This technique is used for injuries and neuralgia.
- pushing- this is pressure on the skin towards the center of the point that needs to be affected. The intensity intensifies on the rise.
- pressure- this is a technique to which they pass from kneading. It consists of varying degrees of intensity of pressure in the amount of 21 to 75 times per procedure. The skin does not move during the session, and the pressure increases gradually.
- stabbing- this is a technique of one-finger or two-finger exposure. The intensity of sticking also increases during the massage, but does not exceed more than thirty seconds at one point.
- Vibration- reception is carried out in a duet with piercing. Both techniques alternate with each other - each thrust is followed by vibration. The maximum vibration time at one point is no more than twenty seconds.
- Cutting- reception is carried out with a nail, as a rule, of the thumb. It is important to be careful not to injure the skin. The intensity increases during the massage. Such manipulations are used in critical situations when the patient is in a state of shock or fainting.
Types of Chinese massage
The concept of "Chinese massage" has concentrated in itself more than one performance technique. The most popular of them are traditional, canned, gouache and point massages helping to restore health and prevent all kinds of diseases. For proper conduct procedures, the massage therapist must have high professionalism and knowledge in order to choose the right technique for each patient individually. The result after the end of the course depends on this.
Traditional Chinese massage
Traditional Chinese massage is allowed to be performed only by specialists with a doctor's degree, since diagnostics and a complete study of information about the patient's diseases are required beforehand. During the massage, a process is started that helps the body recover on its own.
A good massage therapist will always develop in the field of Chinese medicine, helping their patients deal with musculoskeletal problems such as:
- muscle stretch;
- rachiocampsis;
- degeneration of articular cartilage, called osteochondrosis;
- joint disease;
- hernia;
- fractures;
- other.
With neurosis and heart disease, traditional Chinese massage is also indicated.
Cupping Chinese massage
Cupping massage is considered therapeutic, healing and is more commonly known as Chinese cupping. It is used mainly to relax the muscles during their spasm by increasing blood circulation, as well as to eliminate back pain, migraine and cellulite. In addition, the use of cans is recommended. A positive result requires from one to fifteen procedures.
Chinese Gua Sha Massage
Universal Guasha massage has three directions: therapeutic, preventive and cosmetic. It is recommended as chronic fatigue, and in case of dissatisfaction with one's own appearance due to ptosis or.
Massage techniques are also divided into modes, since movements can be either fast and intense, or slow with minimal pressure:
- se-gua (strong and quick massage);
- boo-gua (weak and slow massage);
- ping-bu pingse (slow).
Conduct method
Acupressure Chinese massage
Chinese acupressure can only be done by a certified specialist with extensive knowledge in this area. After a course of massage, which lasts no longer than seven weeks, you can immediately notice the complete elimination of defects in the form of cellulite or age-related changes, as well as a cure for various ailments.
The method consists in influencing biologically active zones (points) by pressing and relaxing the muscles. Pain after the procedure usually disappears. The course should be repeated only after two months. Often not recommended.
With a disease of the respiratory system
Energy massage of acupuncture points
Chinese energy massage involves the impact on more than 700 biologically active points located on the human body. Each of them belongs to a specific group that affects a specific zone or system. In total there are several main groups:
- general action;
- spiral;
- segmental;
- local;
- regional.
For the correct procedure, which will give a positive result, it is important to know the exact location of the points and how to act on them so as not to harm and achieve the desired result.
Foot massage
Massage points located on the feet are associated with such internal organs as the liver, kidneys, bladder, thyroid etc., so it is very easy to diagnose diseases with a simple tap. In the presence of a disease, the impact on the points will cause pain or discomfort.
Foot massage helps to treat diseases even in a chronic form, as well as fight against depression, fatigue, stress, insomnia, high blood pressure, back and lumbar pain, etc.
Hand massage
First of all, the effect on biologically active points located on the hands relieves migraines. They are located in three zones: in the recess between the large and index fingers, between the ulna and radius bones and on the joints of the elbows in the fold area. Competent massage of these zones helps to improve well-being in general and cure a number of diseases along the way. For example, with pain in the head, you can perform a two-minute head massage, acting on the areas between the thumb and forefinger with fairly strong pressure.
belly massage
Impact on points in the abdomen helps:
- influence vital energy;
- make the muscular frame of the abdomen stronger;
- normalize all vital processes;
- remove harmful substances;
- return the normal functioning of the digestive system.
Massage burns fat, thereby helping to lose weight and restore health.
Back massage
Energy active points located on the back help to diagnose exactly where the failure occurred, after which a massage is carried out on them, since they are directly connected with the internal organs. With a clear problem at the moment of pressing on a specific point, pain. This type of exposure is the most popular, as it is considered simple to perform. Back massage helps to fight insomnia, neurosis, hypertonicity, osteochondrosis.
Facial massage
In addition to the cosmetic effect, facial massage has a therapeutic effect on muscle tension, any kind of spasms, poor eyesight, migraines, lack of sleep, an enlarged thyroid gland, mental problems, loss of consciousness, stress, etc.
Chinese facial massage techniques
When is the result visible?
Cosmetic Chinese facial massage for wrinkles gives results after only three procedures. An improvement in complexion and skin elasticity can be noted. After a month, wrinkles gradually begin to decrease, and very small ones disappear altogether. Therefore, Chinese massage for rejuvenation is considered one of the most effective procedures.
Therapeutic massage eliminates pain in the first session. As for the fight against more serious internal problems, the treatment will require a longer period. The result of the course is most often positive. Body and foot massages, for example, are universal procedures that eliminate a huge list of diseases. Therefore, the method is used more often than others.
Contraindications
Contraindications to the procedure of Chinese massage are:
- period of pregnancy and lactation;
- problems with blood clotting;
- increased sensitivity of the epidermis;
- damage at the impact site;
- the presence of varicose veins;
- heart attack;
- oncology;
- allergy;
- dermatological diseases;
- broken bones;
- period of menstruation;
- mental problems;
- children's age up to a year;
- being in a state of intoxication.
To minimize the intake medicines, as well as prolong your life and youth, you should regularly undergo a massage course with a good specialist and connoisseur of Chinese culture. The procedure is approved not only by massage therapists, but also by doctors, so you should not refuse a beneficial effect on your body.
You can also to sign up for convenient time for you.
Hydronephrosis is a disease associated with pathological expansion collecting cavity of the kidneys and due to a violation of the natural outflow of urine.
Hydronephrosis in children is congenital, while in adults it is usually acquired. This is a serious enough disease that requires immediate treatment so that the kidney function is not impaired and nothing threatens the life of your child. In children, as a rule, the disease is unilateral.
Hydronephrosis of the kidney in the fetus can be detected even in the womb during ultrasound, since at the 20th week of pregnancy it is already possible to recognize the anomaly. As a diagnosis, hydronephrosis is made in approximately 1% of pregnant women.
Degrees of hydronephrosis:
Symptoms
Hydronephrosis of the kidneys in newborns and, in general, hydronephrosis in children, as a rule, does not manifest itself in any way up to the third degree. Perhaps only the increased anxiety of the child, as well as the admixture of blood in the urine, can alert. Hydronephrosis of the kidney in the fetus is usually known in advance through prenatal ultrasound diagnostics. In some cases, it allows you to recognize the disease on early stage symptom such as renal colic. It is often characteristic of hydronephrosis caused by urolithiasis. In later stages, the main symptoms are persistent and It's a dull pain in the kidney area, edema, hematuria (blood in the urine).
Diagnosis of hydronephrosis
One of the most informative methods in the diagnosis of hydronephrosis is the ultrasound of the kidneys and urinary tract. Additionally, they resort to CDC (Doppler mapping), computer or magnetic resonance therapy and radioisotope renography. Also used and endoscopic examination (ureteroscopy or urethrocystoscopy). These methods are aimed at a visual study of the internal structure of the kidney and ureters with the vessels supplying them. Often, with hydronephrosis, an infection can join, for this they take a bacteriological urine culture, urine samples according to Zimnitsky and Nechiporenko to study kidney function.
Treatment
It is carried out exclusively by surgery. Conservative treatment can only be used to eliminate inflammation, when a secondary infection is attached, or for therapy that alleviates the symptoms of the disease before surgery. The operation is the removal of an obstruction that interferes with the outflow of urine. At present, modern technologies have made it possible to perform an endoscopic operation that does not require an incision to access the surgical field. Choice surgical treatment in each case is individual and remains only with the surgeon. Hydronephrosis in young children in the first stage may not require surgical treatment. In these cases, periodic monitoring with ultrasound is sufficient, which may be necessary up to 4 times a year.
Hydronephrosis of the kidney in newborns and children of the first year of life of the first and second degree can pass on its own and do not require surgical treatment. The third stage always requires immediate surgical intervention.
Hydronephrosis in children
Hydronephrosis in children: causes and treatment
How is everything arranged?
Urine excreted by the kidneys through the ureters is collected in the bladder, from where it is periodically excreted by its contraction. Without such a collection system, a person would not be able to control his departures and urine would drip all the time that it stood out, that is, almost around the clock. In order to prevent urine from flowing back through the ureters to the kidneys when the bladder contracts, the mouths of the ureters are closed using a system of sphincters (constipation). However, it happens that when the bladder contracts, part of the urine still enters the kidneys - if the ureteral sphincters are too weak. This phenomenon is called vesicoureteral reflux, and over time it can lead to dilation of the ureters and renal pelvis (hydronephrosis). hydronephrosis can also occur with congenital narrowing or compression of the ureter, defects of the urethra (urethra), in violation of the functions of the bladder. In turn, the overflow of the renal pelvis prevents the outflow of urine from the kidney, which can lead to the development of infection in it and, ultimately, to its death.
How does an infection develop?
The most common cause of urinary tract infections is coli and other microbes of the intestinal group. It must be said that these microbes circulate freely in the blood, penetrating into it, in particular, from the intestinal lumen, but do not cause harm due to their small number and the action of the immune system.
Microbes are also present in the urine, also without causing inflammation of the urinary tract - they simply do not have time to do this during the passage of urine from the kidneys to the outside. But with urinary retention (in these cases, urologists talk about a violation of urodynamics), the microbes in it receive good chance multiply, having previously attached to the cells of the epithelium lining the urinary tract. There are other contributing factors as well. Some people have a special PL antigen on the surface of their epithelial cells. E. coli is akin to this antigen, so it is able to attach to epithelial cells even in the absence of any changes in the urinary tract and cause inflammation. Infection can develop in any part of the urinary tract - in the bladder (cystitis), ureters and renal pelvis (pyelitis) or also in the kidneys (pyelonephritis). In addition to the downward path of its development, an upward path is also possible.
It is more commonly seen in girls with inflammatory changes external genital organs (vulvitis), the main reason is the same Escherichia coli that pollutes the perineum during defecation. In boys, phimosis (narrowing of the opening foreskin, its inflammation). By the way, the normal microbial flora of the genital organs prevents their colonization pathogenic microorganisms, but after the course antibiotic therapy normal flora suffers, opening the way for intestinal microbes.
How to recognize the disease?
Symptoms of acute urinary tract infection are nonspecific: high fever. refusal to eat, vomiting - that's why all febrile children do a urine test, which makes it possible to make a diagnosis. Sometimes an infection can be suspected by symptoms such as frequent, painful urination. In the case of an infection, the white blood cells in the urine are increased, and in cystitis, red blood cells are also increased. More informative than a regular urinalysis is the study of all collected urine per day. And by making a urine culture (this analysis must be taken sterile - an average portion of urine), you can determine the drug resistance of the pathogen and choose the most effective treatment.
If the urinary tract infection recurs, this may indicate a violation of urodynamics. In this case, a complete urological examination is necessary, which will exclude chronic pyelonephritis as a disease that poses the greatest threat to the health of the child. Examination includes x-ray examination with the introduction of a contrast agent into a vein, examination of the bladder through a cystoscope, usually with filling it with contrast to detect vesicoureteral reflux.
It is prescribed by a doctor - a urologist or a pediatric nephrologist. The use of antibiotics is mandatory. acting on pathogens of the intestinal group (or on the pathogen obtained in the sowing). For cystitis, oral medications are usually used, but with acute pyelonephritis spend more vigorous treatment with antibiotics in injections for 10-12 days. At the end of treatment, it is necessary to repeat urine tests within 3-6 months (1 time in 2-3 months). With vulvitis, sitz baths with antiseptics are used, if necessary, antifungal agents are used.
Antimicrobials are used only for persistent infections. It is very important to teach the child proper hygiene genital organs to prevent contamination with feces: movement toilet paper should occur from front to back. Phimosis and inflammation of the foreskin in boys are also treated locally with baths; if unsuccessful, the mobilization of the foreskin is done by a urologist. Chronic pyelonephritis most often develops in children with certain urinary outflow disorders. With vesicoureteral reflux of slight severity (grade 1-2, without dilatation of the ureters), conservative treatment. Alkalinization of urine helps a lot in the fight against infection - it is carried out by including a lot of vegetables and fruits in the diet or by prescribing additional citric acid or sodium citrate.
Herbs are widely used in acute period- decoctions of lingonberry leaves, sage, chamomile, when the process subsides - kidney tea, decoctions of juniper, wild rose. With more pronounced degrees of reflux, surgical interventions are indicated to eliminate it. Chronic urinary tract infection is curable, but requires coordinated action by physicians and parents of a sick child. At the same time, there is no need to go to extremes: I often see children who had an episode several years ago. urinary infection and since then, being on a sparing regimen, constantly “insulated” beyond any measure, not engaged in physical education. Such restrictions are completely unjustified if the child is persistently normal tests urine. And in conclusion, let me give an anecdote, as they say, "on the topic."
During civil war food detachments caught bagmen selling food in trains. One of them presented a urine test instead of an identity card. A food detachment fighter reads: “Urine analysis (emphasizing the last syllables) - Italian? There is no protein, no sugar - you can go further. ”I would like to wish you and your children to always have such good analysis urine.
Hydronephrosis in children. Treatment of hydronephrosis
(Average score: 4)
What is hydronephrosis? Why does hydronephrosis occur? How is hydronephrosis diagnosed and treated? Read in this article.
Hydronephrosis or obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction
Hydronephrosis is an expansion of the collecting system of the kidney (especially the pelvis), resulting from the presence of an obstruction to the exit of urine at the junction of the pelvis and ureter (in the region of the pyeloureteral segment).
The urinary tract includes (from top to bottom) the renal calyces, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, urethra. The pelvis and calyces together make up the collecting system of the kidneys.
Pronounced obstruction of the outflow of urine from the kidney leads to a significant expansion of the pelvis and, often, to irreversible impairment of kidney function. The degree of expansion of the collecting system of the kidney is proportional to the pressure of urine in it and varies widely.
A slight obstruction to the exit of urine causes a moderate expansion of the pelvis (pyeloectasia) and is usually not accompanied by impaired renal function, but only increases the risk of pyelonephritis.
Causes of hydronephrosis in children
In children, in the vast majority of cases, congenital hydronephrosis of the microbial cb occurs, due to anatomical reasons. There are external and internal causes of hydronephrosis. Internal cause - congenital narrowing of the ureter, due to underdevelopment of its lumen, is more common than others. External causes- abnormal discharge of the ureter from the pelvis and an additional vessel, causing compression of the ureter.
Manifestations, symptoms of hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis is included in a group of diseases accompanied by an expansion of the renal pelvis (pyeloectasia), which is easy to detect with ultrasound of the fetus. Therefore, most of the hydronephrosis is detected in utero. If the diagnosis is not made before the baby is born, hydronephrosis may present with blood in the urine (hematuria), a urinary tract infection, abdominal pain, or a mass in the abdomen.
Research in hydronephrosis
The first step in diagnosing hydronephrosis is a fetal ultrasound. The collecting system of the kidney is visible on ultrasound from the 15th week of the prenatal period. The first sign on ultrasound is the expansion of the pelvis. If, after the birth of a child, the expansion of the pelvis persists, then the pediatric urologist decides on the need for a more in-depth urological examination. If hydronephrosis is suspected, the child should undergo the following examinations:
Ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder before and after urination. An ultrasound specialist can see signs of damage to the renal parenchyma, distinguish between mild, moderate and severe degrees of hydronephrosis. If the results are doubtful, ultrasound with water loading and diuretics can be performed, which allows more accurately assessing the degree of obstruction of the ureteropelvic segment.
Voiding cystourethrography - radiopaque examination of the bladder and urethra is performed if vesicoureteral reflux or obstruction of urine flow from the bladder is suspected.
Excretory (intravenous) urography - after intravenous administration the radiopaque substance is excreted by the kidneys, and their collecting systems become visible on x-rays. The study allows you to assess the degree of obstruction.
Nephroscintigraphy- radioisotope study of the kidneys. It is used to evaluate kidney function and the degree of urinary obstruction.
Based on the above studies, the specialist must decide how serious the obstruction of the ureteropelvic segment is, whether it poses a threat to the kidney or can resolve on its own. In newborns, the diagnosis often becomes apparent only 3-4 weeks after birth. During the first 3 weeks after birth, the water exchange in the body of the newborn and the function of the kidneys change significantly, and with them the size of the pelvis changes.
Initial manifestations of hydronephrosis often disappear on their own, but sometimes progress. Supervision of a specialist is shown with an ultrasound scan performed 2-4 times a year, in the first 3 years of life, and once a year at an older age.
The average degree of hydronephrosis, starting with grade 2 hydronephrosis, can have both positive and negative dynamics. With an increase in the expansion of the pelvis in the process of observation, it is necessary to carry out surgical treatment. Ultrasound in the first year of life with an average degree of hydronephrosis is performed every 2-3 months.
Severe hydronephrosis with a sharp violation of the outflow of urine from the kidney requires a surgical operation without delay.
Surgery for hydronephrosis
The operation for hydronephrosis consists in excision of a narrow section of the ureter and the formation of a new wide connection (anastomosis, anastomosis) between the ureter and the pelvis of the kidney. The operation is called pyeloplasty.
The most common surgical technique is the Heins-Andersen pyeloplasty. The narrowed place of the ureter is usually located directly near the renal pelvis. After cutting off the ureter, its closest section to the kidney is dissected longitudinally, after which the edges of the ureter incision are sutured with the edges of a symmetrical (congruent) longitudinal incision on the pelvis. Usually, after the operation, a tube is left through the junction of the ureter and pelvis in order to ensure a uniform lumen of the anastomosis and avoid its sticking and deformation. The other end of the tube can be passed into the bladder (internal drainage stent) or through the tissue of the kidney (blank catheter).
Length of stay in the hospital after surgery
The duration of the child's stay in the hospital after surgery depends on the method of urine diversion from the operated kidney. When installing an internal drainage stent, additional drainage for urine diversion from the kidney is not required, and the stationary postoperative period is reduced to 5-9 days. The stent is removed in a month - one and a half after the operation through a thin instrument inserted through the urethra.
If during the operation it is not a stent that is installed, but a blank catheter that is brought out through the kidney, and a drainage tube (nephrostomy) is installed parallel to it to ensure free outflow of urine from the operated kidney. In this case, a longer stay of the child in the hospital is required - about 3 weeks. The choice of urinary diversion option is made by the surgeon during the operation.
Features of treatment and anesthesia are determined taking into account discussed with the operating surgeon
The effectiveness of pyeloplasty
The effectiveness of pyeloplasty is about 92-95%. After the operation, the function of the kidney almost always improves and in some cases reaches the function of a healthy kidney. In the same time structural changes kidneys (deformation of the cups, a decrease in the thickness of the parenchyma) may persist. Particularly significant residual changes are observed with pronounced hydronephrosis.
Predicting the course of hydronephrosis in a newborn
There is currently no method to determine how hydronephrosis will develop in a newborn. Therefore, the most correct approach is to monitor the state of the kidney in dynamics by an experienced urologist. The main evaluation method for dynamic observation serves as an ultrasound. The complexity of predicting the development of hydronephrosis in a newborn is determined by unstable water exchange, the changing function of the kidney, as well as the possibility of maturation (maturation) of its organs and tissues. These processes can lead to the disappearance of the expansion of the pelvis or the stabilization of its size. At the same time, with long intervals between examinations (more than 2 months), it is possible to miss the onset of deterioration in the condition of the kidney and be late with the operation.
Varieties of hydronephrosis
There are congenital hydronephrosis and acquired. Hydronephrosis in children is usually congenital.
The classification is based on the degree of dysfunction and the volume of fluid
Alcohol and smoking during pregnancy can lead to serious changes in the structure of organs.
Uncontrolled use of drugs also has an impact on the development of kidney pathology. There is an opinion that the harmful effects of the environment on a woman can also lead to hydronephrosis.
Clinical picture
There may be blood in the urine. With the aggravation of the process in the lumbar region, you can feel the enlarged kidney, the newborn's tummy becomes larger. While the child urinates, he cries, screams. As a result of violation of the outflow of urine in the body of the baby, metabolic products accumulate. What causes severe itching of the skin.
The child is whiny, sleeps little, apathetic
Dropsy of the kidney on the left does not differ in any way in the clinic from the right-sided process.
Diagnosis of hydronephrosis of the kidneys in children
Hydronephrosis of the left kidney in a child develops in more cases than hydronephrosis of the right kidney. To make an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to pass routine tests: blood, urine and biochemistry.
In addition, the diagnostic method is used excretory urography to compare the excretory capacity of both kidneys. There is also a diagnostic technique of voiding cystourethrography. The essence of the technique is the introduction of contrast, which absorbs x-rays well, into the bladder. While the child is urinating, pictures are taken, on the basis of which one can judge the structure of the organs, the presence of a reverse flow of urine. And in case of doubt, computed or magnetic resonance imaging is used.
How to treat?
If the obstruction is located at the level of the ureter, then plastic surgery is done. The effect of such surgery is quite high. If there is a large volume of fluid inside the kidney, it is removed using catheterization.
After the end of the operation, the child is given a drainage system, it can be external and internal. If the surgeon puts an internal drainage system, then the baby is discharged from the hospital in an average of a week. And with an external system, the baby spends about a month in the hospital. During the rehabilitation period after hydronephrosis, antibiotics and uroseptics are indicated. The baby must be registered with a urologist at the dispensary. A general urine test after surgery should be taken every two weeks for six months. Even after 6 months, there may be leukocytosis in the urine, however, this is not a cause for concern.
Hydronephrosis is serious illness, this condition requires immediate treatment, otherwise the child may develop kidney failure and consequently disability. Dear Parents, if you have the slightest doubt about the health of your child's kidneys, then be sure to show it to the doctor.
Hydronephrosis in children: causes, symptoms, treatment
Hydronephrosis in children is usually congenital disease, which affects the cavities of one or two kidneys, which affects the patency of urine. It is an expansion of the cavities of the collector (collective) system.
Hydronephrosis in children: a general description
To understand what kind of disease it is, you need to understand a little the anatomy of the urinary system. The pelvis and calyces that the disease affects are a funnel-shaped area where all the urine from the body accumulates.
AT healthy condition there are no problems with the transfer of fluid further into the ureter, but with the expansion of the cavities of the collector system of the pelvis, this process is disrupted.
There are two types of disease:
- unilateral nephrosis (only one kidney is affected)
- bilateral hydronephrosis in children (both kidneys are not functioning well).
- congenital hydronephrosis
- acquired form.
- stenosis (narrowing of the lumen) of the pelvic ureter
- high outlet ureter
- violations of the structure of the pelvic region
- stones in the ureter (a rare case of hydronephrosis in children)
- disorders of innervation from the central nervous system(passing nerve impulses from organ to brain and back)
- narrowing of the neck of the bladder
- reflux - the flow of urine back from the bladder into the ureter. As a result, the child simply cannot fully go to the toilet.
- temperature increase
- pain when urinating
- lower back pain
- hematuria (the presence of blood in the urine, the most common manifestation of both hydronephrosis in children and pyelonephritis).
If one kidney is damaged, the patient may not even be aware of his condition, since a healthy organ compensates for the lack of outflow from the affected kidney. At bilateral disease it becomes extremely dangerous, and can even lead to death from uremia.
By origin, the disease is divided into:
As a rule, the congenital form is much more common, because ultrasound procedure of all internal organs on the second or third day after birth has already been introduced into the practice of neonatologists (doctors who deal with newborns in maternity hospitals) and pediatricians. This is how you can detect a violation of the outflow of urine, which begins to be produced even in the womb.
Early diagnosis also makes it possible to detect an increase in pressure and a deterioration in blood flow in the parenchyma (the protective tissue of the kidney). If the violations do not disappear with the normalization of body functions in the second month of life, treatment is started.
Hydronephrosis in children: causes
If the disease is acquired, then the causes of development may be kidney stones, surgical treatment of the kidneys, after which cicatricial narrowing could appear. But such cases are more typical for adults, children are most often already born with hydronephrosis.
An intrauterine examination during a woman's pregnancy can detect hydronephrosis in children even before birth, as well as explain its causes. As shows modern medicine, damage to the pelvis and calyces of the kidneys may be the result of:
As you can see, hydronephrosis of the kidney in a newborn or an older child is not the result of a wrong lifestyle. This disease is difficult to "earn" when riding a cold slide, swimming or poor nutrition.
Symptoms of kidney disease
The disease begins and proceeds asymptomatically, especially if it is unilateral hydronephrosis. As a rule, a healthy kidney "takes over" the function of removing urine from the body, and the affected one does not manifest itself in any way. Pain can begin with the appearance of microliths in the kidneys. inflammation.
Program for burning music to CD and DVD
Which is better Libreoffice or Microsoft Office
Computer programs for improving (correcting) vision: free download
Free programs for Windows free download
Applications for communication on a computer