Methods of treatment of erosive gastritis - clinical picture, causes and symptoms. The main symptoms of erosive gastritis of the stomach and the scheme of its treatment Chronic erosive gastritis in the act of the stage

Erosive gastritis has several fundamental differences from classical gastritis:

1. the mucous membrane of the stomach swells and becomes inflamed, numerous small erosions (ulcers) are visible on its vast areas;
2. the disease can be acute if spoiled foods, toxins, bile enter the stomach (reflux gastritis);
3. in case of violation of the secretory and motor functions of the organ, chronic erosive gastritis develops;
4. in most cases, the main cause of the disease is the penetration into the stomach and the multiplication of pathogens there, in particular the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (antral gastritis);
5. regardless of how to treat erosive gastritis, the disease is in no hurry to leave (the course is protracted);
6. treatment of erosive gastritis is a long and laborious process;
7. characteristic feature of the disease is the likelihood of developing a severe stomach bleeding capable of causing the death of the patient.

Development mechanisms

Erosive gastritis can develop in two ways:

• Acute gastritis is characterized by the so-called "burn" of the gastric mucosa, severe inflammation and swelling. All these symptoms occur due to contact with drugs, poor-quality food, harmful chemical compounds.
• Chronic erosive gastritis develops due to a violation of the secretory functions of the body, which, in turn, occur due to malfunctions of the organ or malnutrition. The chronic course of the disease is accompanied by a violation of microcirculation in the cells of the mucous membranes of the stomach and a weakening of local blood flow with increased acidity of the gastric secretion.

Symptoms

The signs of all types of gastritis are similar to each other, and it is possible to diagnose the erosive form only after an appropriate examination of the walls of the stomach or in the presence of gastric bleeding (a characteristic feature of the erosive form of the disease). Symptoms of erosive gastritis:

• pain in the upper central part of the peritoneum (in the projection of the stomach) of moderate intensity, which is difficult to stop with painkillers;
• heartburn ( business card reflux gastritis and chronic type of erosive gastritis);
• feeling of heaviness in the stomach;
• belching with a sour taste;
• diarrhea;
• bitterness in the mouth;
• dry tongue;
• if the stomach long time empty, pain intensifies;
• pain syndrome occurs after taking especially aggressive food (fatty, spicy or fried).

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of erosive gastritis should include the following methods:

1. Fibrogastroduodenoscopy (visual assessment of the condition of the gastric walls).
2. Biopsy of the detected erosions and ulcers.
3. Microscopic examination of the collected material for the detection of pathogens.
4. Estimation of acidity of gastric juice.
5. Evaluation of the secretory function of the organ.

Erosive-hemorrhagic form of the disease

One of the most serious complications of the disease is the development of erosive-hemorrhagic gastritis, a characteristic feature of which is gastric bleeding. Extensive erosions and small ulcers located in groups bleed much more often. Single lesions rarely bleed. In order for erosive gastritis to pass into the hemorrhagic stage, erosion must deepen down to the vessels and veins. Because of individual features The structure of the vascular network in people with the same diagnosis has a different likelihood of bleeding. The risk group for the development of bleeding in gastritis includes:

• patients with arterial hypertension;
• patients with diseases associated with poor blood clotting;
• people who regularly take the following medications:
  1. anticoagulant agents (aspirin and its derivatives);
  2. painkillers of non-steroidal type;
  3. anti-inflammatory drugs.

The following symptoms indicate the development of gastric bleeding against the background of erosive gastritis:

• reduction of pain (the easier it became - the more serious the blood loss);
• vomiting with the presence of blood (fresh scarlet blood means continuing in this moment bleeding; brown, clotted blood means that the attack is temporarily stopped);
• signs of anemia that developed against the background of large blood loss:
  1. pale skin;
  2. low blood pressure;
  3. dizziness;
  4. weakness;
  5. fainting state;
  6. palpitations.
• dark stools in the absence of vomiting indicate scanty but constant bleeding in the stomach.

How to treat erosive gastritis

Treatment of the disease at home is possible only with the permission of the doctor after complete examination sick. Patients with hemorrhagic form of gastritis are hospitalized. Treatment regimen for erosive gastritis:

Purpose of treatment	Medications
1. Reducing the secretory function of the organ	Drugs that block histamine receptors (Famotidine, Kvamatel, Ranitidine). Proton pump blockers (Proxium, Omez, Lansoprazole).
2. Neutralization of hydrochloric acid in the stomach (partial), protection of erosion from its effects by forming a protective film	Antacids medications(Phosphalugel, Rennie, Maalox)
3. Facilitate the process of digestion of food	Enzymes (Mezim, Festal, Panzinorm)
4. Recovery of gastrointestinal motility	Motilium, Cerucal, Metoclopramide
5. Stop bleeding (with erosive-hemorrhagic form of the disease)	Hemostatic agents (in the form of injections): Vikasol, Dicinon, Etamzilat
6. Getting rid of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori	Antibacterial agents (Metronidazole, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin)

After stopping the attacks of the disease and transferring it to the stage of remission for the speedy healing of erosion, doctors may advise a course of treatment with mineral waters (with a high alkaline index) in a sanatorium.

Diet of a patient with erosive gastritis

Treatment of acute, chronic and hemorrhagic forms of erosive gastritis implies the obligatory observance of a specialized diet No. 5 for patients. The principles of nutrition described below should also be followed for preventive purposes. Basic principles of diet number 5:
1. it is forbidden to eat food that can increase the secretion of gastric secretion: fatty foods, spicy and smoked, fried foods and seasonings;
2. food must be freshly prepared;
3. ways of cooking products: in a double boiler, stewing, baking, boiling;
4. eating in small portions (food should fit in a saucer or on the palm of your hand) up to 7 times a day;
5. 3 hours before going to bed stop eating;
6. Ready food should be served slightly warm, cold and hot food/drink is prohibited: it can irritate the healing gastric mucosa;
7. It is undesirable to eat solid foods, it is recommended to consume mainly liquid and puree foods, mucous porridges;
8. It is strictly forbidden for a patient with erosive gastritis to eat:

• freshly baked bread (you can eat stale white bread);
• muffin;
• cookies, cakes and pastries with fatty confectionery cream;
• cocoa, chocolates, coffee;
• fatty meat, lard, smoked meats;
• fried foods;
• fatty fish;
• carbonated drinks;
• alcohol;
• fresh fruits;
• all kinds of snacks (chips, crackers, corn).

9. what should be the basis of the patient's diet:

• yesterday's bread (white and gray, black - limited);
• crackers (from lean dough);
• wheat or oat bran (they can be added to kefir or yogurt, bake bread or diet cookies with them);
• chicken or meat soups (from lean meats);
• boiled potatoes, baked;
• chicken, beef, rabbit;
• milk and water porridges (barley and wheat are prohibited);
• butter and vegetable oils in a small amount;
• low-fat varieties of fish (fatty fish - herring, salmon, etc. - in limited quantities);
• low-fat dairy products (kefir, yogurt, fermented baked milk, cottage cheese, milk);
• compotes from dried fruits with the addition of a large number sugar and honey.

Types of pain in gastritis

Most characteristic features One of the most common diseases of the stomach are gastritis pain, heartburn and nausea. In addition, other symptoms may also occur: bad smell from the mouth, heaviness in the stomach, periodic vomiting, belching, bloating, as well as alternating loose stools and constipation. When several of them are combined, the clinical picture becomes less clear and the search for the cause can lead to the side, the patient will not receive proper treatment on time.

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa, accompanied by a mass of signs by which the disease can be suspected. Symptoms are not always specific, diseases of other organs of the same localization may resemble gastritis, and only additional diagnostic methods can confirm or refute the diagnosis.

Classification

According to the nature of the flow, gastritis can be divided into 2 stages:

1. Acute - characterized by a sudden inflammatory reaction in the mucosa, often occurs with damage to the surface layer of the mucosa.
2. Chronic - proceeds for a long time, often the result of the transformation of an acute form, or prolonged exposure to adverse factors that cause damage to the epithelial layer.

By localization, pathology can be divided into:

• gastritis of the antral (output) department;
• gastritis of the body of the stomach;
• the defeat of all departments of the body - pangastritis.

By the presence of an infectious factor:

1. Infectious gastritis caused by the colonization of the mucous membrane by Helicobacter pylori bacteria.
2. Non-infectious, resulting from exposure to aggressive substances (alcohol, drugs, chemical agents). This category also includes autoimmune and post-resection gastritis that occurs after the removal of part of the stomach.

According to the functional activity of the secreting cells of the epithelium of the stomach:

• with normal secretory activity;
• with increased;
• with reduced.

Separately, atrophic gastritis is isolated, which can combine several characteristics from the above classification.

Symptoms

The symptoms of all forms of the disease are often very similar, but sometimes a specific pathology can be suspected for one reason or another, as well as anamnesis data.

So, for example, if a patient is often bothered by the taste of bile in the mouth, it can be assumed that the lesion of the stomach will be more likely to be localized in the output section. If heartburn comes to the fore, then, most likely, acidity is increased, that is, hyperacid gastritis is observed and, probably, the entire body of the stomach is affected.

Accurately diagnose gastritis and distinguish it from other organ diseases abdominal cavity, for example, to exclude an attack of pancreatitis or cholecystitis, additional instrumental studies will allow.

Most often, of the diagnostic procedures, the patient is prescribed gastroscopy with the collection of material to determine the presence Helicobacter bacteria pylori, abdominal ultrasound, urea breath test, colonoscopy for differential diagnosis with bowel diseases, if there is flatulence and stool disorders. As a rule, this is enough to make an accurate diagnosis.

Often, it is the pain of gastritis that makes the patient turn to a specialist. It is likely that at first a person will independently seek information on how to relieve pain, most likely, he will try to prescribe medications for himself, and it is quite possible that he will succeed. However, often with self-medication or improper therapy, the disease soon returns, complications arise.

The nature of the pain

How does the stomach hurt with gastritis? The nature of the pain can be completely different: from moderate and tolerable to intense, requiring emergency hospitalization.

Acute gastritis is usually manifested by strong, cutting and piercing pains in the navel or slightly higher, aggravated by eating or changing body position.

In chronic gastritis, the pain syndrome is somewhat smoothed out, the pain is pulling, dull, aching, exhausting. Sometimes the pain can manifest itself as a feeling of heaviness or fullness in the stomach.

Often the pain can be localized behind the sternum, felt like a burning sensation. These are already signs of reflux esophagitis, which often accompanies gastritis.

An increase in a long-term pain syndrome may mean the appearance of such a complication as a stomach ulcer. When total destruction stomach walls with an ulcer, we can talk about penetration into the pancreas, if the tissues of the organ become the bottom of the ulcer, or about perforation, if a hole forms through all layers of the stomach wall. In the first case, the symptoms will resemble an attack of pancreatitis, in the second, peritonitis will develop.

Removal of pain syndrome

The first thing a person thinks about when an exacerbation of chronic gastritis or when an acute one occurs is what will relieve the pain.

Many drugs that are good at eliminating other types of pain are extremely harmful for stomach diseases, they can only aggravate the problem and lead to complications. This applies mainly to all groups of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Their use is unacceptable in case of inflammatory diseases of the upper sections. digestive tract.

Treatment of gastritis must begin, first of all, with a diet. It often happens that only a correction of nutrition, the elimination of certain foods from the diet leads to a decrease in pain, a gradual subsidence of inflammation, and epithelialization of defects in the gastric mucosa.

For emergency elimination of the pain syndrome, it is worth taking drugs that envelop the gastric mucosa, neutralize hydrochloric acid. With severe spasms, you can take antispasmodic drugs, both in the form of tablets and in the form of injections.

To provide long-term remission it is required to use several groups of drugs: drugs that reduce the production of hydrochloric acid, normalize gastric motility, enzyme preparations.

If an infectious agent is detected, it is necessary to eradicate Helicobacter pylori with antibacterial drugs in combination with the above groups of drugs. It is this approach that will contribute to the complete cure of the patient.

Often, gastroenterologists advise using herbal medicines in therapy, for example, chamomile tea, which has anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties.

After a course of treatment, it is desirable to undergo a second endoscopic examination stomach to make sure that the therapy was effective and the right drugs were selected. If the result of treatment does not suit the doctor, then the drugs are changed to others, after which the treatment is again monitored.

Faced with a diagnosis of gastritis, a person, as a rule, begins to pay more attention to his diet and lifestyle, since the symptoms of gastritis have not yet improved anyone's existence.

Chronic erosive gastritis - features

Chronic erosive gastritis - also known as erosive, hemorrhagic - is a fairly common disease.

With its development, focal lesions are formed on the gastric mucosa (focal - it means localized in a relatively small separate area). The walls of blood vessels in the area captured by inflammation become extremely thin and permeable.

Characteristic gastropathy is usually detected in the process of FGDS - fibrogastroduodenoscopy examination.

Typical causes of erosive gastritis

The disease can be both type A (autoimmune origin) and type B (bacterial origin, namely the action of Helicobacter pylori bacteria). Sometimes it is provoked by problems with the liver or kidney failure.

Sometimes erosions form after injuries (surgical operations on the gastrointestinal tract, internal burns). The cause of the disease is also often an elementary neglect of one's own health, namely dry food, long breaks between meals, and alcoholism.

Plays a role and frequent excitement. Note that people who tend to worry over trifles, in general, very easily acquire a bunch of various diseases.

Description of the disease

Interestingly, chronic erosive gastritis worries patients mainly during the transitional seasons - from September to December and from May to June.

True, exacerbations due to violations of the diet by the time of year are in no way predetermined.

Secretory function in chronic erosive gastritis is both increased and decreased. In some cases, it remains at the level of an acceptable norm.

The most typical signs of the disease

• discomfort in the upper abdomen, especially after eating food that is harmful to the vulnerable stomach;
• weight loss associated with loss of taste for food;
• nausea and sometimes vomiting;
• heartburn;
• bloating;
• heaviness in the abdomen;
• regurgitation, belching;
• the presence of blood in the stool or vomit.

The main danger that is usually associated with the occurrence of erosions in the stomach is the risk internal bleeding. Blood may come out with the stool, making it dark, or with vomit.

Hemorrhagic gastritis: treatment

The affected areas of the mucosa are gradually restored, or, conversely, the inflammation is aggravated (if the recommendations of the attending physician are not followed). Conscientious treatment, begun at an early stage of erosive gastritis, gives a chance for an almost complete recovery.

The patient should be on a special diet. It is recommended to give up muffins, sweets, do not eat fried foods, giving preference to broths and dishes from grated ingredients.

In the fight against the disease, they are used primarily medical methods treatment - see the link for information on specific drugs for the treatment of hemorrhagic gastritis. Inhibitors are used - drugs that regulate the secretion of gastric juice and adjust its composition.

It is important to remember that with this disease, it is undesirable to take certain types of pills designed to fight the flu or colds(even a seemingly harmless aspirin can cause stomach pain).

forms of gastritis chronic gastritis

• Masks and complications of GERD - description
• Peptic ulcer of the esophagus - causes, signs, treatment
• Surgery for reflux disease - indications, methods
• Therapy of GERD in children - regimen correction, choice of drugs
• Drugs for GERD - features of selection

Erosive gastritis (bulbitis) is a common pathology that affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is associated with a violation of the integrity of the outer layer of the gastric mucosa in the form of the formation of small wounds. At the first stage of the disease, their number is small, but gradually erosion occupies a significant area, manifesting itself with more pronounced symptoms. The pathological process develops slowly and is often detected only when a large part of the stomach is covered with ulcerative formations. The course of the disease depends on the size, depth and localization of erosions. It is especially dangerous to place them in the region of the lesser curvature of the stomach, where there are many large vessels and the blood flow is more intense. The size of the lesions depends on the form of erosive gastritis and varies from 1 to 8 centimeters in diameter.

Causes of the disease

The occurrence of bulbitis is most often associated with the presence of the pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which causes inflammation. In addition, the factors provoking the disease are:

• Improper nutrition, when excessively hot, rough, spicy food is regularly present in the diet.
• Long-term or uncontrolled intake of a number of drugs containing substances that destroy the walls of the stomach.
• Alcohol abuse, smoking.
• Diseases of the digestive system.
• stressful situations. Continuous nervous tension leads to the development of erosive gastritis of the stomach.
• Diabetes.
• Blood loss, head trauma, burns.
• Systematic poisoning with toxic substances that end up in the stomach when you have to work for a long time in a hazardous industry.

Among the causes of erosive gastritis, there is a high aggressiveness of one's own immune system, which has a detrimental effect on pathogenic bacteria as well as on the cells of the organism itself.

General symptoms

Erosive gastritis of the stomach begins with the appearance of small foci of dead tissue on the mucosa. There are acute and chronic forms of the disease. They differ in their characteristics. However, there are also common symptoms of erosive gastritis inherent in both forms:

• Pain in the region of the stomach. At first, it does not differ in intensity. But gradually it becomes so noticeable that you have to resort to the help of analgesics. The pain is worse on an empty stomach and after eating.
• Heartburn is one of the main signs of erosive gastritis, caused by impaired gastric motility and the ingress of gastric acid into the lower esophagus.
• Dyspeptic disorders - heaviness and discomfort, belching, flatulence, unstable stool, bitter taste in the mouth.

In acute erosive gastritis, vomiting is added to the listed symptoms, sometimes containing bloody patches. They are also found in feces that acquire a dark color.

The chronic form of the disease can proceed without pronounced signs, and is sometimes detected only after gastric bleeding is detected. At first, many patients do not pay attention to the appearance of such symptoms of erosive gastritis as heaviness in the abdomen, bouts of nausea, flatulence. If such manifestations of the disease occur regularly or last more than a week, it is necessary to see a doctor.

Varieties of the disease

The pathology takes place in various forms, each of which has its own symptoms. According to the stage of development of the pathology and its localization in medicine, several types of erosive gastritis are distinguished:

1. Sharp form. Pathological processes develop rapidly. On the gastric mucosa, shallow single lesions are formed. Acute erosive gastritis is triggered by injuries, burns resulting from the use of toxic liquids. Dyspeptic symptoms in a patient who is in serious condition is not easy to identify. Therefore, the disease can be determined by bloody inclusions in the stool.
2. Chronic course of erosive gastritis of the stomach. It occurs especially often, equally in both men and women. In addition, with erosive gastritis, the symptoms and treatment in adults and children are practically the same. The disease leads to poor nutrition, long-term use of drugs. The formation of extensive inflammatory processes on the gastric mucosa is characteristic.
3. Idiopathic form. Symptoms characteristic of the disease are practically absent. Patients turn to the doctor, as a rule, after the appearance of gastric bleeding.
4. Antral erosive gastritis. It is formed during active reproduction of Helicobacter pylori in the lower part of the stomach. Under the action of the toxins produced by them, which irritate the mucous membrane, inflammation develops. In this case, the damaged tissue is unable to regenerate.
5. Erosive reflux gastritis. When the contents of the duodenum are thrown into the stomach, ulcers are formed, which quickly increase in size. The affected tissues exfoliate, and their fragments come out along with the vomit. Scarring of ulcers causes narrowing of the lumen of the esophagus.

With each type of erosive gastritis, the symptoms and treatment have their own characteristics. To identify the disease, a thorough examination of the patient is carried out.

Diagnostics

It must be borne in mind that a disease such as erosive gastritis can only be established qualified specialist. The main diagnostic method is endoscopic examination of the gastric mucosa. A special probe is inserted through the mouth and esophagus in the form of a hollow tube with a camera and a light bulb at the end. A piece of tissue is taken from the affected area, which is then examined for the presence of pathogenic bacteria.

X-rays are also used to detect gastritis with erosions. Previously, the patient drinks a barium solution, which stains the inner surface of the gastrointestinal tract, thanks to which it is possible to discern the pathology.

Blood and stool tests are also ordered. Detection of red blood cells in feces is a sign of gastric bleeding. Anemia, revealed in the study of blood, is a confirmation of this.

Medical treatment

With erosive gastritis, treatment is carried out in stages. First of all, all measures are aimed at eliminating the causes of the disease. If Helicobacter pylori bacteria are detected, antibiotics (Levofloxacin, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin) must be prescribed, which must be taken for a long time.

The next stage of treatment involves the normalization of the acidity of gastric juice and even the correction of its chemical composition in order to protect the affected mucosa. For this purpose, antacids are taken that can block acid. Improving digestion by enhancing the secretory function is provided with the help of Digestal, Mezim. To relieve painful symptoms, the doctor prescribes No-shpu or Papaverine.

At the third stage, the treatment of erosive gastritis aims to restore the gastric mucosa. Requires taking medications that can enrich the affected areas with oxygen. Iberogast, Trental help to speed up regenerative processes.

Treatment with mineral waters

Mineral water therapy can be performed at home. However, it is more effective in sanatorium conditions. Treatment of erosive gastritis mineral water has a positive effect on the patient's condition. In this case, the temperature of the water used is important. With an increased secretion of gastric juice, it is necessary to drink mineral water, slightly heated. This helps eliminate excess carbon dioxide in it. Water is drunk in one gulp, an hour before meals, so that after food enters the stomach, it is already in the intestines.

The use of mineral water begins with small doses, ranging from ¼ to ½ cup. Gradually increase the dosage to one glass per dose. Recommended to drink mineral water three times a day for a month and conduct such courses 4 times a year.

The doctor selects the water that is suitable in composition. Usually, for such a purpose as treating any erosive gastritis, Essentuki No. 4, Borjomi, mineral water of Arzni, Zheleznovodsk are prescribed.

Folk methods of treatment

What is erosive gastritis was known to our ancestors, who knew how to deal with this problem with home remedies and medicinal plants. Most of them are widely used today as a supplement to drug therapy. The most popular recipes are:

• Propolis tincture. It is effective for severe pain syndrome, which is the main symptom of gastritis with erosions. Take 20 drops every 5 hours, dissolving them in a glass of water, which is drunk before meals. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.
• Sea buckthorn oil is another way to cure gastritis. Known for its healing and anti-inflammatory effects. You can buy it ready-made at a pharmacy or cook it yourself. To do this, mix sea buckthorn juice and olive oil in equal parts and leave for 3 days. Take a teaspoon before meals in the morning. The duration of the course is 14 days.
• Wheat sprouts. Help to cure erosive gastritis of any kind. Scatter wheat grains on a damp piece of gauze, covering with another of the same layer on top. After 3 days, sprouts appear. They must be collected, crushed and mixed with olive oil in a ratio of 3: 1, take the resulting remedy in a teaspoon before breakfast for 5 days.
• Green apples. They are rubbed on a grater, a little honey is added and the resulting mixture is consumed for three months according to a certain scheme - the first week daily, during the second - 3 times, in the third week 1 time, then the course is repeated.
• Aloe with honey. Hold the leaves of the plant in advance for a day in the freezer, then chop, squeeze the juice and mix it with honey. Take a teaspoon on an empty stomach for three weeks.

Before treating erosive gastritis with folk remedies, you need to consult a doctor.

Diet for erosive gastritis

The treatment regimen for erosive gastritis necessarily includes compliance with dietary recommendations. Allowed products:

• Lean meats and fish. Used in boiled, stewed form.
• Eggs. It is advisable to eat a raw egg before meals. Enveloping the walls of the stomach, it will protect the damaged mucosa from the aggressive effects of gastric juice.
• Grains rich in fiber - buckwheat, rice, millet.
• Vegetables and fruits with low acidity - carrots, apples, peaches, pears, bananas, celery.

The list of products prohibited for erosive gastritis includes:

• Pickles, marinades, smoked meats that increase secretory function.
• Spicy, fatty, fried foods.
• Vegetables and fruits with a coarse fiber content - citrus fruits, cabbage, radishes.
• Chocolate, muffin.
• Alcohol, strong tea, coffee, sour juices and other drinks that irritate the mucous membrane.

In the process of treating a disease such as erosive gastritis, the symptoms and treatment of which are described above, not only the correct choice of products is important, but also compliance general rules supply:

• Eating is carried out in small portions at a strictly defined time.
• Dishes are prepared by boiling or stewing.
• It is necessary to chew food thoroughly so that contact with saliva is longer.
• Food should be at the right temperature. When food is too cold, more acid is released. Hot causes irritation of the mucosa.

Throughout the time that erosive gastritis is being treated, strict adherence to the diet is required, then you can switch to a more sparing diet.

Surgical intervention

Many patients are concerned about the question of whether chronic erosive gastritis can be cured with conservative therapy. Unfortunately, situations are not uncommon when the mucosal lesion becomes so extensive that other methods are required. Erosive foci are cauterized with a laser. When the bleeding cannot be stopped, the affected areas are removed surgically.

- this is a kind of inflammatory processes of the gastric mucosa of acute and chronic origin, distinctive feature which is the formation of small defects (erosion) on its surface.

This means that erosive gastritis:

It differs from simple gastritis in the presence of multiple eroded areas of the mucous membrane against the background of its hyperemia (redness) and inflammation. Sometimes they can spread over the entire surface of the stomach;

It can occur both acutely when poor-quality food and toxic compounds enter the stomach cavity, and can be chronic in violation of normal secretory-motor mechanisms digestive system;

May be caused by Helicobacter pylori infection;

Prone to protracted flow;

It is treated longer and more difficult compared to other types of gastritis;

May cause stomach bleeding of any severity. This feature can be a real problem if bleeding occurs simultaneously from the entire eroded surface of the stomach.

Pathogenetic mechanisms for the development of erosive gastritis can be:

In acute erosive gastritis, mucosal damage occurs as a result of its direct contact with aggressive environments (poor quality food, acids, alkalis, chemicals, drugs, etc.). In this case, a kind of burn occurs, which is accompanied by inflammation during its healing;

At the heart of chronic erosive gastritis are disturbed secretory processes. They can be associated with both a violation of the nature of nutrition, and with internal failures of the body. In this case, there is a violation of microcirculatory processes, blood circulation in the stomach and an increased release of aggressive components of gastric juice. Naturally, the ischemic mucosa is not able to resist them, which leads to its inflammation with further ulceration and erosion.

Symptoms of erosive gastritis

To suspect an erosive form of gastritis only by clinical signs and the patient's complaints are extremely difficult. The exception is those cases when, against the background of confirmed gastritis, gastric bleeding occurs. In such situations, the fact of erosion formation becomes obvious. All other symptoms are typical for any type of gastritis and can only indirectly indicate its erosive appearance with its strong severity and persistence.

Symptoms of erosive gastritis include:

Pain in the projection of the stomach (epigastric region of the upper abdomen). With erosive gastritis, it may not be intense, but with a common process, even strong analgesics may be required to stop it;

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Erosive gastritis is a disease in which pronounced defects appear on the inflamed areas of the stomach. Without treatment, they turn into deep ulcers. Erosive gastritis of the stomach is characterized by the appearance of single or multiple foci on the mucous membrane.

The affected areas are wounds with an overgrowth of the epithelium layer along the edges. Erosions are oval, up to 7 mm in diameter. They are formed when the upper tissues are destroyed. Deep layers are not damaged. Unlike an ulcer, after healing, erosion does not form a scar.

Causes of the disease

Erosive gastritis can develop in both acute and chronic forms. Defects on the mucosa appear with a single exposure to irritants or after a prolonged inflammatory process.

The diagnosis of acute erosive gastritis is made after the use of toxic compounds, low-quality food, a large dose of alcohol, and prolonged fasting. Defects appear when aggressive compounds, chemicals enter the stomach. The upper layer of the epithelium is burned, forming hyperemic areas. They begin to become inflamed under the influence of gastric juice.

The chronic form of the disease is combined with a violation of the secretory and motor functions of the stomach. The appearance of defects is associated with prolonged inflammation of the epithelium. Erosion in chronic gastritis is a consequence of superficial and focal forms of gastritis. Ulcerations appear if the initial stage of the disease is not treated.

Causes of the destruction of the upper layers of the mucosa in the erosive form of gastritis:

• long-term therapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
• mechanical damage - probing, getting the bone into the stomach;
• viral infections;
• surgical interventions;
• malnutrition;
• activity of Helicobacter pylori;
• systematic intake of alcohol;
• associated pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract;
• hormonal imbalance;
• chronic stress;
• radiation.

Sometimes chronic erosive gastritis occurs due to circulatory failures in the stomach. Such a violation leads to a change in the composition of gastric juice. It contains components that damage the epithelium. Irritated areas ulcerate, forming wounds.

Features of the disease

Erosion of the stomach differs from ordinary food gastritis in a long course. Most often, ulcerations are multiple and cover the entire surface of the mucosa, which complicates the healing process. Features characteristic of erosive gastritis:

• seasonal exacerbation - in spring and autumn;
• defects are usually localized in the body of the stomach, less often in the antrum;
• develops in 5% of people who are in critical condition due to stress (after a severe injury, extensive burn, accident).

When a large part of the mucosa is involved in the process, the disease can be complicated by extensive bleeding. A person in this case requires hospitalization, since the condition is life-threatening.

Classification

There are several types and forms of gastritis with the appearance of erosion. They are classified according to the stage of the disease, anatomical location and symptoms.

surface form

Erosions are shallow, localized in the antrum (lower) section of the stomach. Inflammation is most often caused by the activity of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Superficial erosive gastritis also occurs in lovers of spicy, salty, fried foods, coffee. Small defects may appear after gastroenteritis caused by infection, eating spoiled food. Especially if a person, after relieving symptoms, did not follow a sparing diet.

The superficial form of erosive gastritis is accompanied by an increased level of acidity, severe pain. The danger is represented by defects localized near large blood vessels.

Focal

When some part of the gastric mucosa is involved in inflammation and pronounced defects are observed, focal erosive gastritis is diagnosed. Ulcerations grow over time.

Hemorrhagic form

The destruction of the upper layer of the epithelium occurs with the systematic use of alcohol, uncontrolled medication, and poor nutrition. Hemorrhagic gastritis is a chronic form of inflammation of the stomach, in which the depth of erosion reaches the level of the vessels. The risk of deepening defects increases with hypertension, blood clotting disorders.

Erosive-hemorrhagic gastritis is dangerous for gastric bleeding. The risk of complications increases with extensive and deep defects.

Reflux gastritis

This type of disease occurs when the contents of the duodenum are thrown back into the stomach. The mucosa is injured by bile masses and pancreatic enzymes.

When the content small intestine systematically reaches the esophagus, the mucosa becomes inflamed, swells. Over time, erosion and ulcers form on it. They quickly increase in size due to the constant damage caused by the release of bile. This type of erosion is called distal reflux esophagitis. The disease proceeds in 4 stages. At the last stage, the erosive-ulcerative areas merge, necrotic tissues appear.

Gastroduodenitis

With erosive gastritis, defects can spread from the pyloric zone into the duodenum. This type of disease is called gastroduodenitis.

Symptoms

All varieties of erosive gastritis have similar symptoms. A chronic disease may not manifest itself in any way until the stage of exacerbation. The condition develops after exposure to the mucosa of the irritant. Signs of erosive gastritis in the active phase:

• acute pain in the stomach;
• diarrhea;
• vomit;
• weakness;
• pale skin;
• burning tongue;
• increase in body temperature;
• loss of appetite.

Bleeding from the affected areas of the mucosa can be recognized by the inclusions of blood in the vomit. They may be brown. hemorrhagic gastritis - blood particles in the stool and vomit. The components of the blood are destroyed by acid, so the stool becomes dark in color up to black. These signs appear with gastric bleeding. The remaining manifestations of the pathology are similar to other types of gastritis.

During the period of exacerbation, signs of anemia are observed: blood pressure, the pulse accelerates, the head is spinning. The severity of symptoms depends on the amount of blood lost. If the erosion is extensive, bleeding affects the nature of the pain - it is almost not felt. This is due to a decrease in the sensitivity of receptors. The stronger the bleeding, the weaker the pain syndrome.

Symptoms in acute erosive gastritis appear 1-2 hours after exposure to an irritant. If chemical poisoning occurs, manifestations of an eroded lesion occur immediately.

Burning of the tongue occurs after vomiting, as the mucous membrane of the mouth is irritated by acid. A plaque appears on the tongue. Burning and dry mouth are signs of erosive reflux gastritis.

If the appearance of ulceration is associated with food allergies, along with dyspeptic disorders, urticaria, itching of the mucous membranes of the mouth and eyes occur. In this case, mucosal damage occurs due to intolerance to certain foods. The most common of these are cow's milk, egg white, citruses, shellfish.

Symptoms of erosive gastritis, which has become chronic, are similar to manifestations of other forms of the disease:

• heartburn;
• bloating;
• heaviness;
• discomfort in the upper abdomen before and after eating;
• belching.

When ulcerations form after prolonged mild exposure to an irritant, the pathology can proceed without any signs.

Most often, the doctor is treated with complaints of discomfort in the upper abdomen, which occurs on an empty stomach. Erosions on an empty stomach are damaged by secretory fluid, causing acute pain. As a rule, after eating the pain goes away.

Erosion of the stomach is manifested by the same symptoms in adults and children. Men suffer from this form of gastritis more often than women. In children, erosion is extremely rare.

Diagnostics

The type of gastritis can be determined only after instrumental diagnostics and a series of tests. Research in gastroenterology includes a number of activities:

If necessary, they give a referral for an x-ray and conduct a test for the level of acidity. The diagnosis is made on the basis of tests and studies. The purpose of the specialist is to establish the cause of the disease. The choice of therapy depends on it.

Medical treatment

Erosive gastritis is the initial stage of gastric ulcer, so the treatment of these diseases includes a similar list of drugs. To prevent the growth and deepening of external defects, enveloping agents, antacids are used. If erosion is combined with an ulcer, drugs are prescribed that eliminate the cause of the formation of defects. Most often, a combination of superficial and deep defects occurs with increased acidity and infection with Helicobacter pylori.

The treatment regimen for erosive gastritis caused by the activity of Helicobacter pylori includes drugs:

• antibiotics - a combination of clarithromycin and amoxicillin or combined agents (Clatinol, Pylobact Neo);
• one of the proton pump inhibitors - Nolpaza, Nexium, Losek;

If a bacterium is detected during re-seeding, another treatment regimen is prescribed. It includes antibacterial drugs based on metronidazole and tetracycline, a proton load blocker and a bismuth-containing agent.

After the destruction of bacteria, erosion treatment is carried out with enveloping drugs: Almagel, Phosphalugel, Sucralfate. They create a protective barrier on the mucous membrane, relieve irritation. Enveloping preparations are effective means not only in the healing of erosions, but also in the elimination of pain in the stomach.

Erosive gastritis without infection Helicobacter pylori is treated with omeprazole or another blocker proton pump and hepatoprotective agents (Ursosan, Phosphogliv). These medicines are prescribed for erosion caused by reflux.

If the cause of the formation of defects is a high pH level, antisecretory drugs are prescribed to normalize it:

• histamine receptor blockers - Famotidine, Ranitidine, Kvamatel;
• proton pump inhibitors - Proxium, Controloc, Omez.

To neutralize the aggressive composition of the components of the gastric environment with excessive production of hydrochloric acid, antacids are taken: Maalox, Rennie, Almagel, Venter. These agents also protect the mucosa from further destruction promote tissue regeneration.

The treatment regimen for erosive and ulcerative gastritis with high acidity includes drugs with a wide spectrum of action. The choice of remedy is based on the manifestation of symptoms. If a person is concerned about pain accompanied by flatulence, enveloping preparations with a carminative effect (Almagel Neo) are prescribed. When it's difficult digestive process, enzymes are used: Pancreatin, Creon, Festal.

The chronic form of gastric erosion is treated with drugs that restore the motility of the digestive tract:

• Motilium;
• Cerucal;
• Domperidone.

They help to normalize the peristalsis of the digestive tract, eliminate the reverse release of contents from the duodenum.

Exacerbation of erosive gastritis is treated depending on the manifestation of symptoms. Continuous vomiting is stopped by intramuscular injection of Cerucal. With diarrhea, they drink Smecta, White coal. To relieve pain during exacerbation, antispasmodics are used - No-Shpu, Papaverine.

Treatment of erosive gastritis with bleeding is carried out with hemostatic drugs. They are used intramuscularly or intravenously in the hemorrhagic form of the disease. To stop gastric bleeding, Etamzilat, Dicinon, Vikasol are used.

Tissue regeneration after elimination of the cause of erosions is provided by drugs Iberogast, Trental. They supply damaged cells with oxygen, accelerating the recovery of the epithelium.

Many drugs for the treatment of erosive gastritis are contraindicated in children under 12 years of age, pregnant women and people with kidney failure.

It takes 1-4 weeks to treat erosive gastritis. The duration of therapy depends on the degree of inflammation and the depth of defects. Acute erosion of the stomach, caused by a single irritation of the mucous membrane, is treated for 7-10 days. If ulceration resulted, it is possible to achieve remission in 3-4 weeks, since the digestion process is disturbed.

Acute erosive gastritis can be cured forever, since irritants destroy only the upper layer of the epithelium. Functions and properties of the mucosa with timely medical care are not lost. The epithelium is completely restored if a person follows a sparing diet.

The process of digestion is disturbed in the chronic course of the disease. This leads to irreversible processes. Erosion heals and reappears when exposed to adverse factors.

Diet

Treatment for the erosive form of gastritis, regardless of the cause of the irritant, should be combined and combined with a special diet. Diet No. 1 is observed during an exacerbation of the disease. In order to prevent relapse, adhere to the menu of table No. 5.

• exclude from the diet products that irritate the mucous membrane and increase the production of secretory fluid - spicy, salty, smoked, fried foods;
• dishes are boiled, stewed, baked without crusting;
• nutrition is fractional, in small portions 5-6 times a day;
• hot and cold food injures the affected tissues - dishes are consumed warm.

Allowed products:

• black bread;
• crackers;
• vegetable puree;
• cereals;
• dietary meat - rabbit, veal, chicken;
• fish;
• cottage cheese;
• kefir;
• baked apples;
• bananas.

You can add butter and olive oil to dishes.

With erosive gastritis, you can not eat fatty meats, lard, pastries from pastry, chocolates, cookies. The use of these products causes an exacerbation.

Folk methods

AT alternative medicine erosion is healed with medicinal herbs, vegetable oils, bee products (mumijo, propolis, honey). These funds are widely used not only in traditional medicine, but also as a supplement to drug therapy.

Herbal treatment

Plants contribute to the healing of erosions and ulcers:

• chamomile;
• yarrow;
• plantain;
• St. John's wort;
• calendula.

Herbs are harvested on their own or purchased in a pharmacy ready-made gastric collection.

When choosing combined formulations, it should be taken into account that many plants increase the production of gastric juice. A contraindication to herbal treatment may be some diseases of the kidneys, gallbladder.

Gastric collection

Natural homeopathic remedy can be prepared at home according to a folk recipe. For collection, take 15 g of valerian roots and marshmallow officinalis. They are mixed with cumin, chamomile flowers and celandine. Each plant is taken in 25 g. To store the collection, choose a glass dish with a lid and a dark place.

A tablespoon of the product is poured into 0.5 liters hot water, boil for 5-7 minutes and insist 2 hours under the lid. The resulting medicine is filtered and consumed warm 3 times a day in a glass. Take the infusion 1.5 after eating. The course of therapy is 45 days.

Oil treatment

Sea buckthorn, olive, linseed, and cedar oil have valuable properties in the treatment of the stomach. They cover the mucous membrane with a protective layer, relieve pain and inflammation. Most often, gastroenterologists recommend taking sea buckthorn oil. Means drink 1 teaspoon in the morning 30 minutes before meals. The duration of therapy is 30 days.

The consequences of erosion of the stomach

Without timely treatment, erosive gastritis can turn into an ulcer. Especially with frequent irritation with heavy food, alcohol, drugs. Erosion does not apply to a precancerous condition, but can cause cancer with a protracted course. The danger is hyperplastic defects of the mucosa, which lead to the formation of polyps. Such outgrowths can transform over time into malignant tumor. The consequences of erosive gastritis in addition to ulcers and cancer include:

• stomach bleeding;
• impaired motility of the gastrointestinal tract;
• kidney pathology;
• anemia
• decrease in immunity.

To avoid complications lead a healthy lifestyle and eat right. It is also recommended to undergo an examination of the stomach once a year.

Information on our website provided qualified doctors and is for informational purposes only. Do not self-medicate! Be sure to contact a specialist!

Gastroenterologist, professor, doctor medical sciences. Prescribes diagnostics and conducts treatment. Expert of the group on the study of inflammatory diseases. Author of more than 300 scientific papers.

Regarding localization, erosive reflux esophagitis exists in distal, total and proximal forms. The total form is characterized by the defeat of the entire esophagus, during the proximal form, the lesion occurs only in upper section. Distal form this disease affects the lowest part of the esophagus, which connects to the stomach.

Meanwhile, chronic erosive reflux esophagitis (like gastritis) is characterized by prolonged inflammation of the walls of the esophagus with the appearance of erosions on them. This form develops over a long period of illness, which leads to irreversible pathologies in the functioning and structure of the esophagus.

Distal erosive reflux esophagitis

With erosive distal reflux esophagitis, the inflammation process penetrates into the deeper layers of the esophageal mucosa, and therefore, ulcers and erosions form. This form of the disease requires emergency treatment. Particles of exfoliated mucous membrane are able to come out during vomiting. In addition, healed ulcers subsequently lead to stenosis or simply narrowing of the esophageal tube.

During the onset of symptoms of erosive reflux esophagitis, it is necessary to contact a gastroenterologist in order to clarify the diagnosis.

Distal erosive reflux esophagitis is often associated with gastritis, diaphragmatic hernia, and gastric ulcer.

The main causes of such reflux esophagitis are stomach overflow, decreased immunity, chemical burns, and excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages.

The main clinical manifestations of the disease are a severe burning sensation that occurs immediately after eating, in the supine position, pain during swallowing, a feeling of nausea, vomiting, a feeling of fullness in the abdomen, nocturnal cough, hoarse voice.

The distal form of reflux esophagitis is superficial, as in gastritis. In this case, the inflammatory process in the mucous membrane occurs without pathological destruction of the epithelium. If in this case you undergo a course of treatment in a timely manner, then the disease will go away completely and will not pose a threat to the body.

Erosive and ulcerative reflux esophagitis is diagnosed very quickly, depending on external signs, as well as the results of esophagoscopy, as well as x-ray studies.

If this diagnosis is confirmed, then a special diet is prescribed, which is aimed at eliminating the causes, treating the disease and alleviating the symptoms. This diet is prescribed by a specialist at the first contact.

The most common complication of the disease (grade 2) is peptic ulcer in the esophagus (3 degrees - perforated). At grade 1, only deep defects in the walls of the esophagus are formed, which entail complex scarring, as well as possible shortening of the esophageal tube.

Chronic erosive reflux esophagitis

The chronic form of erosive-ulcerative reflux esophagitis implies the course of the disease for more than 6 months. In this case, as a rule, the signs of the disease are less pronounced. However, the treatment is more complex.

In addition, the distal form may also have a chronic course. Immediate signs are expressed in less soreness and the rarer occurrence of heartburn. As for the appearance of erosion during such a course, their prevalence is no less than with acute form. Often this form is combined with gastritis, but not necessarily. As a rule, in 80% of cases this form occurs only 1 degree.

Also, the chronic form of the disease has periodic exacerbations. Exacerbations are characterized severe pain and exacerbation of general symptoms. During this period, a two-day fast is necessary, followed by a diet.

Treatment of erosive reflux esophagitis

In most cases, reflux esophagitis does not need serious treatment. As a rule, the recovery of patients occurs immediately after the normalization of the diet. The diet implies the exclusion of the main factors of irritation (including spicy and fatty foods, as well as bad habits, etc.). If the damage to the esophagus is more severe, then it is necessary to comply with the specialist prescribed antacids and analgesics. In addition, in some cases, it is necessary to eliminate the causes of reflux esophagitis, this will avoid many consequences. However proper treatment can only be prescribed by a gastroenterologist.

Basically, this is the appointment of antacids to get rid of heartburn, painkillers, and prohistamines to reduce acid secretion of gastric juice. In general, drugs for the treatment of this disease are not much different from those used in the case of reflux gastritis.

Degrees of erosive reflux esophagitis

According to the classification, this disease has several degrees. The 1st is characterized by manifestations of separate, non-merging erosions in the lower esophagus. With the 2nd erosive lesions, a large area of ​​the esophageal mucosa is captured. In the third case, peptic ulcer of the esophagus develops, accompanied by gastritis.

In medicine, the degree of the disease is determined in relation to the morphological changes that are detected during an endoscopic examination.

Erosive reflux esophagitis of the 1st degree is characterized by focal and mild erythema. That is, the mucous membrane of the esophagus with it is loose. At the same time, the folds of the mucosa are slightly smoothed. Treatment with drugs is not necessary, but requires a doctor's consultation.

Stage 2 disease involves the formation of single or multiple defects, usually of an elongated shape. Exudate may also be present. Erosions are located mainly on the very surface of the folds. However, the area of ​​such lesions is no more than 10% of the total surface of the esophagus. Treatment is required.

At the third, unlike the second, degree of reflux esophagitis, erosions begin to merge, as a rule, the entire surface is covered with exudate. The area of ​​defects in comparison with stage 2 is 40% larger. Treatment is urgently needed.

In the fourth, most difficult stage, the erosions merge, exudative-necrotic pathologies are already formed, the defects are arranged circularly, and this lesion extends more than 5 cm from the sphincter. Treatment should be urgent and in a hospital.

Distal gastritis, its erosive and chronic forms

Such an inflammatory disease of the gastric mucosa, like gastritis, has a lot of varieties. All of them differ both in the form of damage to the digestive organ and the duration of the course of the disease, and in their location in certain sections of it.

This form of gastritis is an inflammatory injury that occurs in the furthest, distal portions of the stomach. According to medical statistics, this type of disease most often affects residents of megacities, predominantly the male part of the population.

The reason for this is the abuse of strong alcoholic drinks, smoking, often psycho-emotional overstrain, irrational nutrition with a predominance of spicy, fatty, salty foods in food, a tendency to self-medicate instead of visiting a doctor with prescribing a large number of antibiotics and nonsteroidal drugs. In order to timely recognize the onset of the disease and take necessary measures, you should know the main signs accompanying distal gastritis:

After eating, pain may either appear or disappear in the epigastric region;

Often there is a sharp weight loss;

Appetite is significantly reduced;

Depending on the background of what acidity (increased or decreased) distal gastritis arose, the eructation that always accompanies it can have a rotten or sour taste;

Constant bloating, accompanied by excessive flatulence;

Feeling of heaviness in the abdomen, constant nausea and often vomiting.

These warning signs make it possible to suspect the beginning of distal gastritis and urgently contact a specialist for a confirmatory diagnosis.

Erosive distal gastritis

If in this inflammatory disease of the stomach on the mucous membrane of its distal section during EGD, numerous defects with an ulcer-like structure and bleeding-prone defects are found, this means that the disease has taken on a more complex and more difficult to treat form - erosive gastritis.

According to the degree of complexity, the erosive variety of this disease can be equated to a peptic ulcer. The only difference will be that in this case, when these lesions heal, no scars form. In the event that timely treatment is not started, bloody discharge appears in the vomit and feces of a sick person, which indicates internal bleeding.

Chronic distal gastritis

The disease can occur in 2 forms: chronic and acute. The chronic stage is the most dangerous and more difficult to treat for a person. With it, periods of remission of the disease are replaced by frequent exacerbations.

Distal gastritis in case of being in chronic stage should be constantly monitored by a specialist in order to start timely treatment as soon as possible in the beginning of an exacerbation and prevent the progression of the disease.

Treatment of the distal form of this inflammatory disease of the stomach is prescribed only by a specialist after confirmation of the presence of this particular form of the disease with the help of a special diagnostic study. Only in this case there is a chance to permanently save the patient from the unpleasant symptoms of this disease.

And although many people have a habit of following the advice of friends and acquaintances who have had this disease, it is worth remembering that any self-medication with this type of gastritis will not only not bring the desired results, but can also cause significant harm to the entire digestive system, as well as lead to irreparable consequences in form of incurable diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Erosive gastritis

Acute erosive gastritis

Acute erosive gastritis is a superficial lesion of the gastric mucosa. It develops very quickly, especially provoked by various stresses. Acute stage disease requires increased attention, because it develops quite intensively. Erosions look like small wounds, while the distal stomach is more affected. In diameter, as a rule, small - from 1 to 3 mm.

Chronic erosive gastritis

Chronic erosive gastritis is characterized by multiple erosions of the gastric mucosa at various stages of healing. The chronic stage of the disease is the most dangerous for the state of human health in general. There can be many foci of damage to the mucosa, they can differ from each other not only in size, but also in the degree of healing. In the stomach, they look like small islands raised above the surface of the mucosa. On the tops, small ulcers are quite possible, outwardly similar to the manifestation of a stomach ulcer.

Causes of erosive gastritis

The main cause of erosive gastritis is considered to be untimely access to specialists. The patient is trying to self-medicate, using third-party advice, which brings his condition into a neglected form. Usually, patients do not know that an advanced form of erosive gastritis can be fatal.

The situation is aggravated by the presence of bad habits, such as cigarettes. Smoking is generally harmful to the stomach, even if the form of gastritis is mild and quickly curable. But a cigarette on an empty stomach is a sure way not just to cancer, but to death. Doctors say that even the gastric mucosa does not always react as negatively to poisons and chemicals as it does to a cigarette or alcohol on an empty stomach.

Taking certain medications can also lead to the development of erosive gastritis. For example, prolonged, often uncontrolled, taking Diclofenac or Paracetamol can cause a very rapid development of the disease and cause it to degenerate into cancer. Especially if a person takes such strong drugs with an already sick stomach, and even on an empty stomach.

The presence of the pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori in the stomach often leads to the development of the disease. Despite the fact that there is not yet sufficient evidence that it destroys the walls of the stomach and causes erosion. However, it has been observed that the treatment of bacterial gastritis in most cases prevents further development of gastric membrane defects.

Erosive gastritis is divided into two types, the symptoms of which each have their own.

Symptoms of acute erosive gastritis:

With an exacerbation of the disease, constant or paroxysmal pains in the abdomen appear, which can intensify after eating;

Heartburn or nausea after eating;

Vomiting, in which, in addition to the contents of the stomach, there is gastric juice, mucus and even blood clots;

The appearance of loose stools with an admixture of blood may indicate the onset of internal bleeding.

Symptoms of chronic erosive gastritis:

Discomfort in the abdomen;

Heartburn;

Nausea;

Unstable stool - frequent change from diarrhea to constipation and vice versa;

Belching;

The appearance of gastrointestinal bleeding;

At endoscopic examination, erosions are found on the walls of the gastric mucosa.

Diagnosis of erosive gastritis

The main method for diagnosing the stomach, including erosive gastritis, is endoscopic examination. This procedure is extremely unpleasant, but necessary. Its essence is that the doctor inserts an endoscope into the stomach through the oral cavity and esophagus - a hollow tube with a light bulb and a camera at the end. Through it, he assesses the condition of the mucous membrane of the entire gastrointestinal tract. Then the doctor makes a scraping - takes a small area of ​​the mucosa for a biopsy.

To detect erosions, ulcers, tumors are also used x-ray examination. In this case, the patient is given to drink a solution of barium, which passes through gastrointestinal tract, stains it, and allows you to carefully see the pathology. Complete the picture of the disease analysis data. For this, a stool and blood test is taken. The presence of red blood cells in the feces is a sign of gastric bleeding. A complete blood count reveals anemia, which also very often accompanies chronic gastric bleeding.

Treatment of erosive gastritis

The first stage of treatment is the elimination of the cause of gastritis. If the disease is caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, then the treatment of erosive gastritis is impossible without the use of antibiotics. Most often, the patient is prescribed drugs tetracycline, levofloxacin, clarithromycin, amoxicillin, which require long-term administration. If the course of antibiotics is interrupted, then Helicobacter pylori very actively renews its colony in the stomach.

The second stage of treatment is the normalization of the acidity of gastric juice. The gastric mucosa, affected by erosion, should be protected from the aggressive effects of gastric juice, sometimes even a correction of its chemical composition is required. The patient is prescribed antacids and acid blockers - Rennie, Maalox, Almagel, magnesium hydroxide, nizatidine and others. And although all these drugs belong to the group of antacids, each of the drugs has its own mechanism of action. Therefore, you should not replace one medicine with another without consulting a doctor.

Since antacids suppress the action of gastric juice, additional enzymes are required for better digestion of food. Strengthen the secretory function of drugs Mezim, Digestal. Also at this stage of treatment, the doctor may prescribe antispasmodic drugs to the patient to eliminate stomach pain - Papaverine, No-shpa.

The third stage of treatment of erosive gastritis is the restoration of the gastric mucosa. Iberogast, Trental drugs do an excellent job with this task - they increase the supply of oxygen to the affected tissues and regeneration occurs faster.

Alternative treatment of erosive gastritis

Remember that even treatment with folk remedies can be dangerous. Before you start treating erosive gastritis, you need to consult with your doctor. All actions of the patient must be coordinated and directed by them. Only under the guidance of a professional can you conduct competent treatment and cure erosive gastritis. Otherwise, you can only harm yourself. Here are a few folk recipes, quite accessible to every ball person. They will not cause you any particular difficulty and will help you live on and cure this disease.

Take a cup of wheat grains and fill them with water, put them on the windowsill. After a few days, the wheat will sprout, they should be washed. The resulting sprouts, turn through a meat grinder or finely chop with a knife. Drink this mixture of sprouts in a tablespoon on an empty stomach.

Aloe is taken, which is more than three years old and put in the freezer for an hour. Then the juice is squeezed out of the plant and a spoonful of juice is taken before meals. The course of such treatment is from 1-2 months.

Sea buckthorn juice is diluted with water one to one. Drink half a glass before meals. Juice envelops and restores the gastric mucosa.

Take linden honey and mix it with Aloe juice 1x1. A tablespoon three times a day before meals. Photo: honey and apples

Mix milk with mummy. Consume one tablespoon at bedtime for three months.

Take propolis tincture or prepare it in advance. 3 parts propolis to 10 parts vodka. Dilute twenty drops of this tincture in a glass of water, take a glass in the morning on an empty stomach. The duration of treatment is 2-3 months, then a break. The course must be repeated twice a year.

250 g of buckwheat honey mixed with 0.5 liters olive oil. Take a tablespoon 30 minutes before meals three times a day.

Drink pineapple juice half a glass before meals three times a day. The course is 3 weeks. But here you need to be careful, since pineapple can increase acidity, and with gastritis with erosion, this is dangerous.

There is a scheme of treatment with green apples. You need to take unripe green apples and grate them. Two tablespoons of honey are added to the resulting slurry. Do not eat 5 hours before and 5 hours after taking such a remedy. You need to take such a medicine for the first week every day, the second week three times, the third week once and then again as in the first week and repeat. So you must drink the medicine according to the scheme for three months.

We take in equal proportions: plantain leaves, yarrow, flax seeds, peppermint, St. John's wort, horsetail, sage. Mix this mixture in a single bowl and take a spoon. We place this spoon in a glass of boiling water and insist for three hours. Ten minutes before a meal, a cup of the resulting herbal tea is drunk.

Diet for erosive gastritis

Diet is an integral part of therapy for any form of gastritis. The patient is shown fractional nutrition, food is prepared from fresh products. These products include:

lean meat and fish, steamed or boiled;

low-fat dairy products, eggs, vegetable oil;

buckwheat, millet, brown rice, which are the source vegetable fiber and contributing to the restoration of the digestive system;

Questions and answers on the topic "Erosive gastritis"

Question: Good afternoon! What is the diet for antral erosive gastritis, what is possible and what is not?

Answer: Exclusion of hot food, spicy spices, fractional meals are required up to 6-8 times a day. Food should be fractional, thermally and chemically sparing.

Question: I recently had an endoscopy, my doctor said that I have erosive gastritis. He could not give me an answer to what caused him to appear. I don't drink alcohol often and I don't take NSAIDs. I had no injuries and surgical interventions. Are there other causes of erosive gastritis? Can erosive gastritis be cured? What autoimmune diseases can cause erosive gastritis?

Answer: Acute erosive gastritis can occur as a result of exposure to various substances or factors, it is also known as reactive gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining). These agents/factors include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (most commonly aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen), alcohol, cocaine, stress, radiation, bile reflux, and ischemia (reduced blood supply). The gastric mucosa displays a characteristic pattern including bleeding, erosion, and ulcers. Due to severity, these pathogens lie on the greater curvature of the stomach, and this partly explains the development acute gastritis or a number of problems with a large curvature of the stomach. However, the main mechanism of injury is a decrease in prostaglandin synthesis. Prostaglandins are chemicals responsible for protecting the stomach lining from the harmful effects of stomach acid. Treatment is aimed at identifying the underlying causes and avoiding them in the future, with proton pump inhibitors and antacids.

Question: Hello, I have Erosive gastritis, I was diagnosed with such a diagnosis after an EGD study. I have a question for you: is it possible to take honey on an empty stomach in the morning, they told me that it helps and is it possible to recover from this disease in general? Thank you.

Answer: Hello! Honey is possible, but in the absence of diabetes and allergies to honey. It is possible to recover, or rather to make sure that this disease does not remind of itself, by following a diet and undergoing a dispensary examination by a therapist or gastroenterologist every six months. In case of exacerbations, it is necessary to consult a doctor for the appointment of a specific treatment.

Question: Hello! I am 22 years old, I suffered from stomach pains for a long time, then I had problems with the intestines (bloating) - then I went to the doctor and underwent an examination. The biopsy showed that I have chronic atrophic erosive gastritis. Helicobacter was not found in the sample. I was prescribed de-nol 4 times a day, esolong 2 times a day, mebsin 2 times a day, festal with meals. So, the course is coming to an end, but I don’t see any improvement, rather, on the contrary, there was a sharp pain in the stomach after eating, all the same problems with the intestines, although I eat strictly on a diet. Please tell me if antibiotics are needed to treat my form of gastritis? Is acute pain after eating evidence of a deterioration in my condition?

Answer: Antibiotics for gastritis are prescribed only if a Helicobacter pylori infection is detected. In your situation, a repeated consultation with a gastroenterologist is necessary. After the examination, the doctor will be able to determine the necessary correction of the treatment.

Question: Hello, I was diagnosed with superficial erosive gastritis. Has passed or has taken place course of treatment. At the moment there are no erosions, only swelling of the mucosa remains. Please tell me, how fast do duodenal erosions develop in time? And one more thing: now for the rest of my life I have to refuse to drink alcohol in moderation, eat fried food? Can I hope that when it finally passes, then I will be able to deny myself nothing, of course, in moderation? Or can this disease return again?

Answer: Good afternoon! The timing of the onset of erosive lesions of the mucosa is different for everyone. If the therapy is correctly selected and the terms of treatment are correctly observed, there should not be any special problems in the future. If the condition is stable, stable remission has been achieved, a lifelong diet is not required.

Question: Hello, I am 20 years old. For half a year I have been suffering from constipation, belching with air, recently I began to notice slight pains in my stomach. Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity revealed a functional inflection of the gallbladder. FGS results: erosive gastritis, pronounced duodenogastric reflux, mucus and bile are present in the stomach. Analysis for dysbacteriosis is negative. I went to an appointment with a gastroenterologist, who literally prescribed treatment in a hurry in three minutes. I am concerned about the issue of proper nutrition in my diagnosis. Is this gastritis acidic? What foods should you eat and which should you avoid?

Answer: Hello! With the current state of medicine, diet in the treatment of gastroenterological diseases is not given much space. With biliary dyskinesia and gastritis, it is recommended to adhere to diet No. 5A (you can see it on the Internet) and then only with an exacerbation.

Symptoms and treatment of erosive gastritis

Erosive gastritis is a disease in which destruction (erosion) of the gastric mucosa occurs. On the initial stage disease erosive lesions may be insignificant and localized mainly on the outer shell of the stomach. As the disease progresses, erosion spreads over a large area, which causes the appearance of pronounced symptoms of gastritis.

Types of erosive gastritis

Gastritis can be classified into several types. The defining feature in this case is the localization of erosion and the stage of development of the disease.

Acute gastritis - the disease develops rapidly, it is characterized by shallow, superficial lesions on the entire surface of the gastric mucosa. Acute erosive gastritis of the stomach is the most severe form of the disease, but it is rare in patients. The disease can be detected after accidental or deliberate use of poisons, chemicals, concentrated acids.

Hemorrhagic or chronic erosive gastritis occurs most often in patients. The disease is characterized by the presence of large erosions (from 3 to 7 mm) on the gastric mucosa, inflammation of the internal lining of the digestive organ. The most common cause of chronic erosive gastritis is an unhealthy lifestyle (improper diet, alcohol abuse), long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as surgical interventions on the stomach.

Also very common is erosive antral gastritis caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori (Helicobacter pylori). Microorganisms live in the lower part of the stomach, under the mucus in alkaline environment. Bacteria cause inflammation of the gastric mucosa, and the damaged tissue is practically unable to regenerate.

Another type of disease is erosive reflux gastritis. The disease develops due to the reflux of the contents of the duodenum into the stomach. Edema can be observed on the gastric mucosa, ulcers gradually appear, which rapidly increase in size. In the last stage of gastritis, the destroyed tissues of the stomach can flake off and come out with vomiting.

Symptoms of erosive gastritis

Acute erosive gastritis may present with the following symptoms:

heartburn;

feeling of heaviness in the stomach after eating;

nausea;

vomiting, sometimes with blood;

unstable stool, most often with an admixture of blood;

dull pain in stomach, worse after eating.

In acute erosive gastritis, symptoms appear suddenly, the patient's condition deteriorates sharply, so the disease cannot be overlooked. Otherwise, it happens if the disease is in the chronic stage. Chronic or erosive-hemorrhagic gastritis long time is asymptomatic, the patient begins to sound the alarm only when blood appears in the stool or vomiting with blood. However, before that, the following symptoms may indicate chronic gastritis:

heaviness in the stomach, discomfort;

flatulence;

loss of appetite.

Diagnosis of the disease

If the patient has found signs of erosive gastritis, then you should prepare for the endoscopy procedure. An endoscope is inserted into the stomach - a tube with a camera, with which the doctor examines the surface of the mucous membrane, revealing erosive ulcers. During an endoscopy, the doctor may perform a biopsy, that is, taking a piece of tissue. This will reveal the presence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria, which can be the cause of antral gastritis.

The patient also submits:

1. complete blood count - anemia often indicates bleeding during an exacerbation of gastritis;
2. analysis of feces for occult blood;
3. X-ray examination may be required.

How to treat erosive gastritis?

Medical methods of treatment

The first stage of treatment is the elimination of the cause of gastritis. If the disease is caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, then the treatment of chronic erosive gastritis is impossible without the use of antibiotics. Most often, the patient is prescribed drugs tetracycline, levofloxacin, clarithromycin, amoxicillin, which require long-term administration. If the course of antibiotics is interrupted, then Helicobacter pylori very actively renews its colony in the stomach.

The third stage of treatment is the restoration of the gastric mucosa. Iberogast, Trental drugs do an excellent job with this task - they increase the supply of oxygen to the affected tissues and regeneration occurs faster.

diet disease

Diet is the key to successful treatment of chronic erosive gastritis. The patient should completely exclude fried, pickled and canned foods, spices, pickles and smoked meats from the diet. You should also give up sweets, yeast pastries, chocolate, coffee, strong tea, alcohol, carbonated drinks, natural fresh juices, lemons and other citrus fruits.

The diet should consist of light soups - vegetable with the addition of meat, cereals - hercules, buckwheat, pearl barley, mashed potatoes without oil, vegetable stew and other dietary products. In unlimited quantities, you can use fermented milk products - cottage cheese, kefir, sour cream, but they should not be too acidic. It is better to exclude milk, it causes increased gas formation.

The source of protein on the diet will be boiled lean fish and eggs. Eggs can be steamed into an omelette, or even eaten raw at the start of a meal. The egg gently envelops the gastric mucosa and protects it from the effects of products.

Particular attention should be paid to the diet. It is best to eat 5 times a day, and portions should be small. Food must be chewed thoroughly so that coarse pieces do not injure the walls of the stomach.

Rejection of bad habits

Giving up bad habits is another component of the successful treatment of erosive gastritis. Even after recovery, it is recommended to exclude alcohol - because it corrodes the gastric mucosa, alcohol on an empty stomach is especially harmful. Smoking is also undesirable - nicotine provokes vasoconstriction, so the stomach is not sufficiently supplied with blood.

ethnoscience

This is a rare case in medicine when prescriptions traditional medicine may be recommended by the attending physician. With chronic erosive gastritis, there is often a deterioration in appetite, and folk remedies can eliminate this. To improve appetite, you need to use bitter non-alcoholic tinctures, for example, decoction of calamus, infusion of oak bark and others.

Erosive gastritis

Erosive gastritis is a frequently diagnosed type of inflammatory lesion of the gastric mucosa with the formation of single or multiple erosions. The main cause of this type of disease is considered to be stress. Psychological condition of a person is known to affect the state of physical health. Even with proper nutrition frequent mental stress can provoke the development of various diseases.

Erosive gastritis is more often diagnosed in older people, mainly in men.

Causes

Stress, mental exhaustion;

Wrong lifestyle: smoking, drinking alcohol;

Infections - Helicobacter pylori, rotavirus

In certain cases, erosive gastritis may be a consequence of mononucleosis.

The initial stage of development of erosive gastritis (it is also called erosive gastropathy) may be accompanied by symptoms such as: unpleasant belching or bloating, constipation or softening of the stool or diarrhea, flatulence. Symptoms in most cases at the initial stage are quite erased. With an exacerbation of the disease, a person’s well-being quickly deteriorates, the patient seeks help from doctors.

Acute erosive gastritis(symptoms):

constant pain in the abdomen, accompanied by seizures. After eating, the symptoms of pain are markedly increased;

heartburn or nausea that occurs after eating;

vomit. The patient vomits, the stomach is completely emptied, and then mucus and gastric juice come out. Vomiting may be with blood clots;

diarrhea also passes with blood impurities and indicates the presence of internal bleeding.

Chronic erosive gastritis often occurs without symptoms, which is why an error in its diagnosis is possible. The patient may sometimes be disturbed by nausea, abdominal discomfort or flatulence. Sometimes signs of erosive gastritis can manifest as a permanent unstable stool.

It is important not to confuse - patients often confuse the symptoms of erosive gastritis with the following diseases:

cholecystitis

pancreatitis

giardiasis

proctitis

duodenitis

atrophic gastritis

These ailments have similar symptoms, so you should definitely consult a doctor for a diagnosis. Otherwise, you risk using wrong treatment and only exacerbate your disease.

Therapy of diseases of the digestive system includes:

taking medications;

dieting;

lifestyle changes (giving up bad habits, hard physical work, regular meals - a sample menu is described at the end of the article).

Drug treatment of erosive gastritis involves taking certain drugs. If erosion began with infections, then the patient is prescribed antibiotics, symptomatic agents, acidity regulators and other drugs that are aimed at restoring the gastric mucosa. In the event that the disease is provoked by taking nonsteroidal drugs, then they are replaced with less aggressive drugs. Treatment plan for erosive gastritis in each specific case, a specialist gastroenterologist develops, taking into account various indicators of the patient's health (age, presence chronic diseases, pathologies of the digestive tract, contraindications to taking certain drugs, etc.).

About, how to treat erosive gastritis at home. without contacting a specialist, there should be no question. You should consult a doctor for any symptoms of the disease and immediately. Medicine knows cases of the onset lethal outcome in case of complications of erosive gastritis. Non-traditional methods treatments in this case are used as adjuvant therapy.

In acute phases of the disease, which are accompanied by bleeding, surgical intervention is necessary.

Treatment of erosive gastritis with folk remedies

Traditional medicine suggests treating erosive gastritis using natural natural remedies- propolis, potato juice, aloe, sea ​​buckthorn oil etc.

Aloe juice has a wound-healing effect, effectively relieves inflammation. Its reception helps to eliminate erosion from the surface of the stomach. Propolis is used as a powerful anti-inflammatory agent, used as an adjuvant therapy for gastritis and peptic ulcer. The use of sea buckthorn oil and potato juice for erosive gastritis is indicated for increased acidity of the stomach. Both drugs have a mild analgesic and wound-healing effect, they should be taken regularly, 1 teaspoon half an hour before eating.

Chronic erosive gastritis

Chronic erosive gastritis is diagnosed quite often during the examination of the patient's stomach for the presence of any other pathology. The main cause of the development of the disease is considered to be the use of non-steroidal drugs, viral infection, Crohn's disease. As a rule, a person does not pay attention to such symptoms of the disease as bloating, sour belching, constipation and diarrhea, while they may indicate the presence of an inflammatory process in the stomach. And only a rapid deterioration in well-being due to an exacerbation of an erosive disease becomes the reason for seeking medical help.

Chronic erosive gastritis is asymptomatic in remission or is manifested by the following symptoms:

nausea, sometimes accompanied by vomiting;

heaviness in the stomach, mainly after eating;

flatulence, sour belching in the morning;

pain in the stomach, instability of the stool.

If left untreated, this form of the disease can lead to stomach ulcers, causing internal bleeding. It is also possible to develop esophagitis.

Nutrition for erosive gastritis

Diet is an integral part of therapy for any form of gastritis. The patient is shown fractional nutrition, the menu should consist of fresh products. These products include:

lean protein meat and fish dishes, steamed or boiled;

buckwheat, millet, brown rice, which are a source of vegetable fiber and contribute to the restoration of the digestive system. Buckwheat porridge is especially useful;

low acid fruits and vegetables. For example, apples, carrots, celery, peaches, bananas, pumpkins, pears, greens. At the same time, broccoli, onions, legumes and other foods, the use of which is accompanied by excessive gas formation in the intestines, are contraindicated for the patient.

With inflammation of the gastric mucosa, and even more so if there is erosion on it, it is necessary to exclude heavy, fatty, indigestible foods (pork, beef, fried potatoes), highly carbonated drinks, and alcohol from your diet.