Specific diagnosis of bacterial allergies. For which allergens of pathogenic bacteria infectious pathogens of allergies are used.

The date: 19.07.2019

Viral allergy is a disease that occurs during various infectious infections. The reaction may occur in people of any age. Its manifestation depends on the type of allergen and the individual characteristics of the body.

Infectious pathogens of allergies

Viral or bacterial allergies is a response of the body to the development of not fully cured infectious disease.

Allergy arises when man infected with these microorganisms.

Also, the cause of the reaction can be particles of infected cells. Most often, development infectious allergies Chronic diseases contribute.

People with the presence of such diseases are subject to the greatest risk:

dysentery;
syphilis and gonorrhea;
tuberculosis;
plague and Siberian ulcer;
mycosis;
brucellosis.

An infectious allergy can develop both an adult and a child.

Sometimes it appears as a result of taking samples for the presence of infection in the body.

Symptoms in children and adults

The main signs of allergies caused by infections are practically no different from general symptoms on various allergic reactions:

rash, redness and itching of skin;
chihanye, swelling and nasal congestion;
cough, respiratory impairment;
tear, redness and swelling of the mucous eye;
disruption of the digestive system, diarrhea, nausea.

Allergic to infection in children often occurs after respiratory diseases.

The course of the disease is accompanied by:

runny nose;
high body temperature;
difficulty breathing;
cough;
lack of appetite.

Pains in hand, legs and stomach can also appear. Sometimes an allergic reaction with an acute respiratory viral infection leads to the development of asthma.

It is very important to identify allergies in time and begin treatment, since the aggravation of the disease can lead to complications.

In some cases, anaphylactic shock is possible.

The reaction that occurs when taking samples to the presence in the body of the infection can manifest itself immediately. At the injection site, it is felt by itching, redness and skin swelling are visible.

Diagnostics

To assign proper treatment The type of allergen should be set, which causes the reaction. Initially, the full collection of anamnesis is carried out, according to which a possible allergen is preliminar than.

All transferred infectious diseases take into account.

The detection of an accurate pathogen is carried out on the conducted skin samples with a possible allergen. If there is an increased sensitivity to a specific microorganism, then characteristic redness appears at the site of its introduction.

The exact diagnosis is set after a full survey.

Treatment

Infectious allergy is dangerous disease, the development of which can lead to the death of the patient.

Therefore, when the first signs are manifested, it will be necessary to see a doctor.

The basic principle of treatment is the identification and destruction of allergen, which can be bacteria, microscopic fungi or viruses. Each type of pathogen is treated with certain drugs.

Allergy treatment caused by viruses

If after diagnostics confirming that the reaction in the body is caused viral infections, the treatment is carried out by such drugs:

"Remantadin" is a drug with severe antiviral activity;
"Zanyvir" - antiviral agent Neutralizing viruses of group A and V.

In therapy ...

Causes of viral allergies

Bacterial allergies caused by increased sensitivity to bacterial allergens, usually develops if there are chronic infection in the body of chronic infections, which can be localized in almonds, carious teeth, nose cavities, in the bronchophell, intestine, biliary system.

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Allergies to viruses and bacteria (letters a lot, read diagonally - and so everything is clear))))

Bacterial allergies are formed for a long time for several years, so it is extremely rare to three years of age.

Infectious-allergic diseases are formed under the infection of bacterial allergens: infectious allergic bronchial asthma, rhinitis, infectious-allergic urticaria. In the specific diagnosis of bacterial allergies, standard bacterial allergens are used, manufactured by Kazan NIIEM: hemolytic streptococcus, hemolytic staphylococcus, protea Mirabilis and Vulgaris, Sinnaya wand, Enterococcus, intestinal wand, group pneumococcus, nesseria.

The first stage of diagnosis of bacterial allergies is allergic.

The seasonality of exacerbation (in the raw cold season) is considered characteristic of the alamous signs of bacterial allergies, the connection of the exacerbation of the disease with the supercooling due to the exacerbation of foci of chronic infection.

The aggravation of the infectious-allergic disease is often accompanied by febrile or subfebrile temperature, the appearance of symptoms of intoxication, and in the treatment is effective antibiotic therapy. For infectious allergic diseases often take sharp inflammatory processes In children with atopic diseases, this is especially true for patients with atopic bronchial asthma. As a result, an anamnestic hyperdiagnosis of infectious-allergic diseases is often held. From Table 2.15, it can be seen that a bacterial positive history (BKA) correlates with a complex of other tests in 67.16% of patients, of which 45.10% are provocative. In 1/3 of cases, with a positive history, all other tests turned out to be negative, that is, bacterial sensitization was not detected.

Thus, more than half of the patients suspected a history of bacterial etiology of the disease are not confirmed by an integrated allergological examination. With a negative data of the anamnesis, 13.00% of children detects bacterial allergies, mainly subclinic. It follows from this that the history of bacterial allergies is not always credible.

Skin testing with bacterial allergens is not specific. From table 2.15 it can be seen that only in 38.33% of cases positive result Internal samples (WCP) correlates with a complex of other tests and in 9.45% - with a provocative, and 61.67% all other tests turned out to be negative, t.

e. Bacterial sensitization is not detected. It…

Treatment of bacterial allergies

Allergic reactions and diseases are in the first place among pathologies, whose prevalence every year everything increases.

Those who once encountered allergies are aware that the most frequent allergens are pollen of plants, food, pet wool, chemicals.

But not many know that there is another type of allergic reaction - infectious allergies, with this pathology, the immune system of a specific reaction responds to a number of microorganisms that cause certain diseases.

Infectious pathogens leading to allergies

Under the term infectious allergy is understood as the increased sensitivity of the human body to pathogenic causative agents of infectious diseases and invasive processes.

Pathology can develop and as a response to the products of the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms.

Allergy in infectious disease occurs if the body simultaneously experiences the effect of three factors provoking pathology, this is:

Long course of the disease;
Localization of infection inside cells;
The presence of a focus of chronic inflammation.

Determined that infectious View Allergies can be called:

Infectious allergies often develop not only under the action of the specified causative agents of the disease.

The culprit of the disease can also become fragments of infected cells, the collapsing residues of infectious agents and products formed during their livelihoods.

The hypersensitivity of the body may appear with almost any infection. But the most likely the emergence of infectious allergies, if the disease has a chronic flow.

The likelihood of pathology increases repeatedly, if a person has caries, tonsillitis, sinusitis, pyelonephritis, that is, chronic foci of inflammation.

Diseases under which the occurrence of infectious allergies

More often allergy infectious type Installed in patients with:

Infectious allergies in rare cases can develop and after sample used to detect the focus of infection.

With tuberculosis, the impetus to the disease can give a test manta, with a brucellosis of the BURNER test, the test of the tvumekalov during dysentery, a trial with a gononaccision to detect gonorrhea and a number of others.

In children bacterial and viral allergy It is often provoked by influenza, streptococcus, staphylococcus, intestinal wand.

The probability of occurrence of pathology in children is increased with a long-term course of respiratory diseases, with an increased sensitivity of the body to the products resulting from the life of microorganisms.

Symptoms in children and adults

The clinical picture of infectious allergies is practically no different from the symptoms of other allergic diseases.

When it is developed, it is noted:

Redness of individual areas of leather, rash formation;
Itching body;
The runny nose manifested by the embezzlement of nasal moves, sneezing, abundant separated;
Tear eye, redness of the scool and conjunctiva;
Violations in ...
Specific diagnosis of bacterial allergies
Allergy is a pathological reaction of a human immune system for certain substances. It may arise due to the contact of the body with pollen, wool, aggressive chemical compounds, some species. medical preparations etc. There is also infectious allergies. In this case, pathogens of various diseases act as allergens.
Views
Depending on the allergen, it happens different types:
- viral allergy;
- bacterial allergies;
- fungal allergy.
All of them are caused by the presence in the body of infection.
Causes of viral allergies
Such an immune response may appear both in children and in adults.
It can be caused by serious diseases. Such as:
- brucellosis;
  anthrax;
  micoses of the skin and other organs;
  tularemia;
  dysentery;
Viral and bacterial allergies in children and adults occur under such conditions:
Such an allergy may occur not only by itself, but also due to the sample in the presence of infection in the body.
With tuberculosis is a test manta, with chronic dysentery - TsUverkalov's sample, when brucellosis - BURNER Sample, with gonorly - a trial with a goganovakcinia, with a Siberian ulcer - a test with an anxissine, with tularemia - trial with tularemin.

Children may also have allergies due to the presence of a less serious infection in the body.
Often it manifests itself after a long flow cold illness.

In this case, ORZ turns into infectious allergies in the form of asthmatic bronchitis.
So, it can be concluded that viral and bacterial allergies in children can be caused by such an infection:
- pneumococcus;
  staphylococcus;
  streptococcus;
  intestinal wand.
Infectious allergies in children develop for such reasons:
Also allergic to vital products of viruses, bacteria and fungi may occur in adults and children due to a prolonged chronic inflammatory process. It may be chronic cystitis, pyelonephritis and even caries.
Symptoms of allergy to infection
This type of immune response in adults and children is accompanied by such signs:
If the allergies arose after conducting Mantu or other samples for the presence in the body of infection, then local symptoms are added to the signs listed above:
After a long flow of sharp respiratory diseases, children accompany such symptoms:
- increased temperature;
- wheezes in the lungs;
  sweet breathing.
Such symptoms may also be present in adults if they strongly launched bronchitis or other diseases respiratory tract.
If children or adults have symptoms of acute infectious allergies, you should not try to treat yourself yourself, as the likelihood of development is high ...

Allergy is a pathological reaction of a human immune system for certain substances. It may arise due to the contact of the body with pollen, wool, aggressive chemical compounds, some kinds of medical preparations, etc. There is also infectious allergies. In this case, pathogens of various diseases act as allergens.

Views

Depending on the allergen, it happens different types:

viral allergy;
bacterial allergies;
fungal allergy.

All of them are caused by the presence in the body of infection.

Causes of viral allergies

Such an immune response may appear both in children and in adults. It can be caused by serious diseases. Such as:

tuberculosis;

brucellosis;

anthrax;

micoses of the skin and other organs;

tularemia;

dysentery;

Viral and bacterial allergies in children and adults occur under such conditions:

intracellular arrangement of infection;

long during the listed diseases;

the presence of a focus of chronic infection in the body.

Such an allergy may occur not only by itself, but also due to the sample in the presence of infection in the body. With tuberculosis, it is a test of manta, with chronic dysentery - TsUverkalov's sample, when brucellosis - BURNER test, with a gonor - a trial with a gonoganccinate, with a Siberian ulcer - a trial with anxissine, with tularemia - trial with tularemin.

Children may also have allergies due to the presence of a less serious infection in the body. It is often manifested after a long course of colds. In this case, ORZ turns into infectious allergies in the form of asthmatic bronchitis.
So, it can be concluded that viral and bacterial allergies in children can be caused by such an infection:

pneumococcus;

staphylococcus;

streptococcus;

intestinal wand.

Infectious allergies in children develop for such reasons:

severe diseases listed above;

a long course of sharp respiratory diseases;

increased sensitivity of the body to productivity products of microorganisms causing any diseases (including influenza, etc.);

Also allergic to vital products of viruses, bacteria and fungi may occur in adults and children due to a prolonged chronic inflammatory process. It may be chronic cystitis, pyelonephritis and even caries.

Symptoms of allergy to infection

This type of immune response in adults and children is accompanied by such signs:

redness or rash on the skin;

allergic runny nose;

redness and tear eye;

disorders of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract (pain in the stomach, diarrhea);

difficulty breathing;

an increase in lymph nodes;

in particularly severe cases - anaphylactic shock.

If the allergies arose after conducting Mantu or other samples for the presence in the body of infection, then local symptoms are added to the signs listed above:

pain and swelling in the injection site;

strong itching;

swelling and redness at the site of the sample to infection.

After a long flow of sharp respiratory diseases, children accompany such symptoms:

increased temperature;
wheezes in the lungs;

sweet breathing.

Symptoms: rash and redness

Such symptoms may also be present in adults if they strongly launched bronchitis or other respiratory diseases.
If children or adults have symptoms of acute infectious allergies, you should not try to treat yourself, since the likelihood of anaphylactic shock is high, which in most cases leads to full outcome. Therefore, in the event of signs of immune response to the products of vital activity of viruses, bacteria or fungus, you need to immediately contact your allergist. It will appoint proper treatment that will help get rid of the symptoms and prevent the disease re-appearance.
Allergic after a long flow of sharp respiratory diseases can also cause complications if you cannot immediately consult a doctor. These may be chronic organs of organs. respiratory system, as well as the appearance of immune reactions to other allergens, previously perceived by the body normally (for example, to pollen, dust, wool, etc.). In this case, children will develop an attack of asthma in contact with these allergens.

Allergy treatment caused by viruses

First of all, the treatment of such an immune response provides to get rid of an infection that caused it.
Treatment of respiratory diseases is carried out using antiviral drugs. It may be:

Zanamivir;

Remantadine.

Also used preparations containing interferon (immune protein of a person who helps to fight infection). These are the following medicines:

Infpopheron and others.

Viferon

Preparations can also be used that do not contain finished proteins, and stimulate the production of its own interferon. Such medicines are considered the most effective in combating sharp respiratory diseases. After them are preparations with the content of finished interferon. However, they have less efficiency, since sooner or later the body begins to block the alien protein, producing antibodies to it. The following medicines are aimed at stimulating its own interferon:

Cycloferon;

Preparations are also used to remove the main symptoms of sharp respiratory diseases. It can be drops into the nose, sprays for eliminating redness and disposal in the throat, cough syrups, etc.

Treatment of bacterial allergies

The immune response that occurred after a long flow of diseases caused by bacteria is treated primarily by the elimination of the main ailments.
Antibiotics are applied for this. There are two types of these drugs: bactericidal and bacteriostatic. The first kill microorganisms, and the second - only suppress their growth and reproduction.
Bactericidal antibiotics include:

As nitrion;

Lrakarbef;

Amoxicillin;

Ampicillin;

Nafzillin;

cefalosporinic row antibiotics (ceftriaxone, cefadroxyl, ceftazidim, zefisim, cefazolin, etc.).

Bacteriostatic antibiotics include the following drugs:

Tetracycline;

Minocycline;

Doxycycline;

Dalfopoid;

Clarithromycin;

Erythromycin;

Azithromycin;

Diritromycin.

Erythromycin

When launched and chronic infections, bactericidal preparations are most often used, since bacteriostatic in such cases only for a while stopping the disease, and after the cessation of their use of microorganisms again begin to multiply, as a result of which the recurrence of the underlying disease and an allergic reaction with it is possible.

Treatment of infectious allergies caused by fungus

It is primarily aimed at eliminating the main infection. Allergy's symptoms are also eliminated, for which they are used. antihistamines. After complete curing of the main disease, the symptoms of the immune response are no longer returned, but if the micaosis is still not to derive, allergies are recurrence.

Allergens bacteria, bacterial allergies, we often hear these words. But what do they mean: when allergens bacteria assistants, and when the enemies are treated whether bacterial allergies are treated, why the bacteria allergens are activated and so on. Let's figure it out.

Bacterial allergies

This is a type of allergy, in which the activation of allergens does not occur due to food, dust or something like that, and due to bacteria located in the zone of nasopharynx, lungs, kidneys, and so on. It is detected not sharply, but over time, because it is formed against the background of the unrealized more common diseases, for example, hymorite. The fire of the disease seems to be not appearing outwardly, but tights quietly inside and develops years after years in allergies in the form of bronchial asthma, conjunctivitis and urticaria. All this heavy Diseasesrequiring serious treatment. But it is not necessary to scare, when contacting a competent specialist and comply with all its recommendations, such an allergy passes forever. The following types of therapy are usually offered: phyto-, api, lipido-, urise and capillarium.
Symptoms of bacterial allergies are: problems with breathing (including cough, concrete, constant runny nose,), frequent sneezing, tears, redness in the eyes, gastrointestinal Can respond with pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Unfortunately, anaphylactic shock and swelling are also found.
The child has the same symptom situation as with adults. Note that previously three years, bacterial allergies are almost impossible to replace due to the long process of its development.

Bacterial allergens: types

Such allergens are classically divided into two groups.
Group 1. Antigens whose activation is associated with causative agents of infectious diseases. Tuberculin (MNN, international unpatient name - Allergens bacteria tuberculosis recombinant). It is immediately clear from the name that activation of it is associated with tuberculosis diseases, and it is used to identify them. This allergen is recombinant. It includes lipids that increase the effectiveness of the drug and the determining time of its impact. We are confident, all familiar to the manta test used to identify tuberculosis disease.
Group 2. Antigens whose activation is related to conditionally pathogenic bacteria. Lepromine. To a greater degree of lepromine consists of a protein. Lepromin is not a new allergen, but it is still used to form a diagnosis, treatment, determining the reactions of the organism during lepring (leprosy).

Bacterial allergens for diagnosis

As we mentioned above allergens of bacteria of both groups of modern medicine, you are used by the phenomena of diseases (lepromine, tuberculin). Skin samples are used. For example, a recombinant allergen is taken to identify the tuberculous disease and samples of mantu or pirk are set. Preparations, MNN of which allergens bacteria tuberculosis recombinant (trade of its name - Tuberculin), can use only prepared medical professionals. They give very accurate answers to the question - is there tuberculosis. The body's reaction is watching three days later. The same situation with lepromine. It is impossible to order somewhere on the Internet the corresponding drug and home to diagnose yourself. This is possible only in the clinic, since the activation of the body on lepromine does not speak of the disease, only the doctor can correctly decipher the result of the analysis.

The skin is injected with 0.1 ml of lepromine. Two days later, the reaction of Fernandez is watching - an early reaction to lepromine. It manifests itself in the form of papula. A few weeks later, the reaction of Mitsuti, late reaction to lepromine. Externally, this is already a tubercle or a node.

Bacterial allergens can not be attributed to bond. Bonds are those allergens that most often cause an inadequate reaction of the body, among them: chocolate, oranges, honey, fish, strawberry, and so on. Most often such, parents should translate it to diet nutritioneliminating these products. With age, the reaction to obligate allergens can pass.
In conclusion, we note, despite the fact that the use of bacterial allergens (both tuberculin and lepromine and others) to diagnose diseases for more than 100 years, this method is still effective. By how and in what time frames, you can activate on the antigen, you can or determine the disease, or to identify the data necessary for treatment.
About bacterial allergies, which, including, to asthma, we emphasize that it is sometimes treated even better than the usual food. With the right approach, the internal forces of the body takes place (after all, allergies are associated with low immunity), and the reason for allergies is destroyed so effectively that it can be forgotten about it forever.

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In recent years, in clinical allergology, the problems of bacterial allergies are practically ousted by ideas about the leading role of atopy in the genesis of most allergic diseases.

At the same time, the relationship of infection and allergic diseases is completely obvious, including bronchial asthma.

The role of IgE-dependent processes in the pathogenesis of infectious allergies has been proven.

In this regard, it is currently an interest in the possibility of conducting a SIT with infectious-allergic diseases, in particular with bronchial asthma. Promising is the problem of development effective vaccines For Sit. It should be noted that in allergology, significant experience has been accumulated on allergen-specific immunotherapy of patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma.

Despite this, in the defining modern document, the bacterial vaccination is called ineffective (Who PAPER PAPER. ALERGEN IMMUNOTHERAPY: THERAPEUTIC VACCINES FOR ALERLGIC DISEASES (Allergy. 1998, V53. N 44 (Suppl). Nevertheless, it is proved that if there is an immediate type of hypersensitivity to Microbial allergens specific treatment It turns out very effective. This is evidenced by the work of both domestic and foreign authors.

Probably, the ineffectiveness of individual works on the sieve bacterial allergens can be explained by the improper selection of patients for treatment, the lack of appropriate skills to carry out a doctor. In this regard, the special section dedicate the experience of the SIT in infectious allergies.

The history of the problem of bacterial allergies

The problem of allergic reactions in infectious diseases finds its origins in the works of the German doctor R. Koch (R. Koch, 1843 - 1910), devoted to the study of tuberculosis. It is known that tuberculosis is one of the most severe infectious diseases, which, thanks to the observations of R.KOCH and the works of other researchers, played the role of the so-called classical model of bacterial allergies.

In 1906, S. Pirguet reported an important meaning scarification test in tuberculinidiagnostics and introduced into medical practice The term "allergy" (from Greek. "Alos" - other, "Ergos" - I act), denoting the changed reactivity of the body. Antibodies that were previously thought are produced in the body under the influence of Tuberculina, S. Pirguet called "Ergini".

In Russia, the allergenic properties of bacteria were studied in the very first works on anaphylaxis and allergies.
Research PF Zdodovsky in infectious parallergia made a significant contribution to the teaching on allergies in general and about bacterial allergies, in particular. An opening phenomenon of a generalized allergic reaction to cholera vibrine endotoxin, as noted by A.D.ado, is the first description of this type of reaction. Many terms, criteria and patterns of manifestation of allergic reactions were first established and firmly entered into allergology based on the study of bacterial allergies. Following the studies on the allergenic activity of the pathogen of tuberculosis, work began to appear, indicating the allergizing effect of other microorganisms.

Special attention was paid to the allergenic properties of grappletic coils, in particular, hemolytic streptococcus and pneumococcus. Classic are the works R.Lancefield on antigenic and allergenic characteristic Hemolytic streptococci, which indicate that in experimental studies, the al-leverizing effect of their TYPOSPECIAL protein, the so-called M-substance of hemolytic streptococcus was revealed.

An extremely important stage in the development of research in the field of bacterial allergies opened the works of O. Swineford and its employees. In the late 40s, these researchers discovered allergenic properties in 14 species of various microorganisms, namely: hemolytic and green streptococcus, staphylococcus, catarrhal micrococcus, intestinal and blue sticks, protest, etc.

For the first time, the attention of researchers on the allergenic properties of those microbes, the Commonwealth of which was the so-called normal microflora mucous membranes of the respiratory and intestinal tract.

The results of the assessment of the hypersensitivity of patients with infectious-allergic BA to the allergens of autogenic strains isolated from the mucous membranes of the bronchi of these patients are presented on Table. 8.

Table 7. Microflora of the oz, nose, bronchi in patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma

Table 8. Skin and bronchial reactions to bacterial allergens in patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma (according to V.N. Fedosayeva, 1980)

Among the allergens of these crops (neasery, pneumococcal, staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Streptococcus, Sardin), neussereria and staphylococci were leading. Significant allergenic activity is marked by Klebsiella, however, the frequency of detection of this microbe in the crops from the mucous membranes of the bronchi patients does not exceed 10 - 15%. But in cases where the microbe was present in the crops, the patient's hypersensitivity to the allergens of this microorganism was sharply expressed.

Currently, allergic practice is widely used for specific diagnostics and therapy of allergens (and vaccine forms) of infectious diseases: Tuberculin, Malein, Brucellin, Lepromine, etc., as well as pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic representatives of the microflora of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract of patients with the respiratory - allergic diseases: allergens and vaccines from streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci, etc.

Considering the history of the problem of bacterial allergies, on the one hand, emphasizes the fact that it was when studying infectious diseases for the first time, both the very concept of "allergy" and such terms, as "type of allergic reaction", "the reaction of a slow and immediate type" , "Skin-allergic diagnostic tests", "tuberculinidiagnosis", etc., which are firmly entered into allergology and are currently used.

On the other hand, it should be noted that allergenic activity is inherent in not only the causative agents of infectious diseases, but also to representatives of the so-called conditional pathogenic microflora of the respiratory tract of patients with respiratory-allergic diseases. In addition, it is quite obvious that bacterial allergies have features due to both the properties of the microorganism and the reactivity of the body of the patient with an infectious-allergic disease.

Hutueva S.X., Fedoseeva V.N.

There is in nature and such a type of allergen as bacterial. These are all our famous bacteria, viruses, microbes. All my life we \u200b\u200bare fighting with them, boil them, we will irradiate, we are sent by germs and all kinds of antibiotics on them. All in vain: they mutate, they acquire stability and continue to be tyranny. Something, however, we managed to achieve. We got rid of, for example, from black smallpox and do not die from the inflammation of the lungs and angina. However, allergies to viruses and bacteria still exist.

It begins, as a rule, with a simple ARS or any other typical infectious disease. The temperature rises, bronchitis appears, shortness of breath, cough, which does not pass for months. Then asthmatic bronchitis occurs when a whistling breathing, wheezing in the lungs, shortness of breath almost do not disappear. Naturally, man begins to take medicines hard, including antibiotics. Such treatment instead of the expected benefit brings enormous harm to the body: an increased sensitivity to the antibiotic occurs. And when a microbe, and an antibiotic, and an antibiotic, are also beginning to operate in the body, then the increased sensitivity to them is formed even faster.

So what causes allergies? Maybe staphylococcus? Or pneumococcus? Or peacefully living in the intestine intestinal wand? Imagine yes. It is these innocuous microbes, along with streptococcus, a series of a series, a beat, hemophyllus. But from viruses itself frequent cause Microbial allergies are, for example, influenza viruses and paragrippa.

What contributes to the development of diseases caused by microbes? First of all, the focus of chronic infection, for example, purulent inflammation of the middle ear or abscess (pumping) tooth. The microbes that caused this process shall highlight the special substances to which increased sensitivity is formed in the body. Thus, a bronchial asthma can also develop in a person with a conventional carious tooth. Carious teeth, inflammation of the apparent sinuses (for example, during a hyimorite), a gallbladder with cholecystitis and other foci of infection can cause bacterial allergies.
Diseases caused by microbes, fungi or viruses in the development of which allergies are played a large role, are called infectiouslergic diseases. This, for example, tuberculosis, brucellosis and others.

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The role of allergies in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases

It is possible to distinguish four degrees of allergies in the mechanisms of development of infectious diseases.

I. The allergic mechanism is leading in the pathogenesis of the disease. It is this group of infectious diseases that is infected with infection-allergic. This includes a few acute infectious diseases, which are based on hypergic inflammation, and all CHRON, infections: tuberculosis, brucellosis, tuberculoid leprosy, actinomycosis, cocidioidosis, hron, candidiasis, syphilis, firmisia, rheumatism, etc. Sensitizing properties have not only vigilant, But conditionally pathogenic microbes. Among them, the most frequent cause of sensitization are staphylococci, streptococci, neasery, intestinal wand and other widespread microbes and fungi (candidate). As a rule, the disease develops on the soil of sensitization by microbes in the hron, inflammatory foci. Microbial etiology in these cases is confirmed not only by positive skin samples, but also by exacerbation of the disease after the formulation of such samples.

Some acute infectious diseases, especially pertussus, influenza, mycoplasma pneumonia, can activate the microflora in the chron foci, infection and cause an aggravation or even the emergence of infectious-allergic diseases - bronchial asthma, microbial rhinitis. The same complications are sometimes observed as a result. preventive vaccinations Live vaccines. The mechanism of their development may be different: adjuvant activity (see adjuvants, adjuvant disease), improving the sensitivity of the body to histamine, creating conditions for the reproduction of banal microflora.

The causative agents of infections can also cause the development of autoallergic or autoimmune diseases (see auto alicle diseases).

II. The allergic component does not have a decisive value in the pathogenesis Acute infectious diseases, but easily detected clinically with the help of laboratory data and by histol results, research. This includes almost all acute infectious diseases for the few exceptions of those morphol, the basis of which is a pronounced hypergic inflammation (scarletin, mug, eryzipeloid, tularemia). Allergic samples usually become positive in the period when the diagnosis is no longer a doubt.

III. Allergy does not play a significant role in pathogenesis infectious diseases, since it does not have time to develop, for example, in botulism, cholera.

IV. Allergic reactions (drug allergies, serum disease) are enjoyed on the course of infectious disease. These reactions do not have a direct attitude to the pathogenesis of the underlying disease, but can cause heavy complications. Eg, the frequency and severity of allergic reactions to antibiotics used to treat infectious diseases are increasing; Application to leap. Serum is associated with the introduction of the strongest allergens (animal protein), the frequency of the development of serum diseases reaches 20-30%.

Some features of infectious allergic diseases.

Infectious-allergic diseases are characterized by a number of general features:

1. The basis of morphol, changes lies the formation of cell infiltrates (granulom).

2. N. past illnessesNor preventive vaccination with alive vaccines do not give reliable life immunity.

3. The pathogen has a tendency to the intracellular location, which determines the development of the PC of the slow-type (eg, with toxoplasmosis, visceral leishmaniasis, histoplasmosis, lepreing, brucellosis, etc.). It is possible that the formation of L-forms of bacteria plays a paramount role (see), which has already been proven with respect to brucellosis, tuberculosis.

4. Most infectious-allergic diseases have a hron, flow (years, decades, and sometimes life): tuberculosis, tuberculoid leprosy, actinomycosis, syphilis, fryrambesia, etc.

5. CHRON, infectious-allergic diseases are characterized by polymorphism of the clinic. Often they begin with any limited focus (tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, syphilis, tularemia, etc.), and sometimes this "primary affect" is not observed, generalization (brucellosis) comes quickly. In any case, in the future, a wide variety of prevalence and localization lesions are possible: septic and disseminated forms, isolated or multiple, sharply flowing or hron, lesions of the musculoskeletal system, internal organs, nervous system.

6. For most diseases, the alternation of the periods of relative wedge, well-being and exacerbations; Often the wave-like current, recurrence after imaginary cure.

7. The occurrence of latent forms, for example, tuberculosis, brucellosis, histoplasmosis, when there is no causative agent in the body of a disease clinic.

8. The state of an unstable balance between the human body and the microbe leads to the fact that the course of Cron, infections big influence Power conditions, vitamins deficiency, effects of cooling, overheating, injury, pregnancy, etc.

The teaching of infectious allergic diseases depends on the reactivity of the body.

The following reactivity options are possible, determined using skin samples and other research methods:

a) Areashalness and hyporeactivity: skin samples are negative or poorly pronounced, intravenous administration Vaccines cause a weakly pronounced overall reaction; Areactivity is most often found in the terminal stage of the disease; With hyporeactivity, the course of the disease is sluggish, without pronounced allergic lesions, but stubborn, protracted, with a long subfebilite, expressed functional changes from the nervous system;

b) "Normoreactivity": skin samples are clearly expressed, in vitro tests well reveal the state of the PC of the slow-type; Wedge, the flow of relatively favorable with a variety of manifestations of allergic inflammatory lesions; Vaccinotherapy gives a positive effect;

c) hypereactivity: when the skin samples is set a severe overall reaction with lymphangitis, temperature lift, focal reactions; Locally dominate heavy inflammatory, sometimes necrotic changes; Specific immunotherapy in hyperreactivity causes severe response and not shown.

From infectious allergic diseases it is necessary to distinguish allergic diseases, the cause of which are non-pathogenic microbes and their livelihoods and which do not cause the infectious process in people. They flow as ordinary allergic diseases caused by allergens of non-chicken origin. As an example, you can bring allergies to microbial origin antibiotics, k-room refer to medicinal allergies. In some countries, widespread detergents with the addition of proteolytic enzymes obtained from Bacillus subtilis; In workers producing detergents with these high-caligenic additives, and in persons who used powders described the development of bronchial asthma and other allergic diseases.

Mold fungi and their disputes can cause inhalation allergens to cause bunch of bronchial asthma. Yeast fungi In some cases, the role of food allergen is played.

In the case of a "light farmer" (see pneumonia, allergic allergic allergic allergic) causes the disease to inhalation of thermophilic actinomycetes contained in the sneezer. At the same time, there is sensitization according to the type of phenomenon of artus with a high level of precipitin in the blood.

Infectious Allergy and Immunity

Opinions regarding the interconnection of the PC of a slow-type and immunity in infectious diseases is very contradictory. In the experiment it is difficult to separate the immunity from the PC of the slowdown type, since. various methods Immunization, which do not lead to the formation of a delayed type, do not give a fairly pronounced immunity. In the experimental parenteral administration of microbes labeled with radioactive isotopes, it was established that the sediments of the delayed type significantly slows down the spread of the pathogen. For acute infections This fact has no much, so on. The dissemination comes faster than the development of a delayed type. However, when infected with minimal doses of the causative agent, which is long delayed in lymph, nodes, a slow-type IF can slow down its further distribution. With hron. Infections with a long existence of the causative agent in separate foci (tuberculosis, brucellosis) of a delayed type can impede the secondary generalization of infection. In addition, when the input of the slow motion type of the anti-liquimphocytic serum is oppressed by the digestive ability of macrophages in relation to the causative agent, that is, the main mechanism of immunity suffers (see).

At the same time, the wedge, manifestations of CHRON, infections are allergic inflammation.

and more heavy forms Lung tuberculosis, brucellious lesions c. n. p., joints, liver, hearts, toxoplasmable eye damage, manifestations of tuberculoid leprosy and others develop as a response inflammatory response of a sensitized organism to the presence of the pathogen. The transition from generalized forms of infection to its localization coincides with increasing sensitization. The hyporeactive forms leaking with insufficient sensitization are distinguished by extreme perseverance, poorly treatable. With latent forms, quite clinically compensated, sensitization is sharply expressed.

T. O., SET-type IF is useful as one of the mechanisms of immunity, helping to limit and localize an infection that prevents it from re-generalizations. At the same time, it largely determines the whole wedge, a picture of the hron, infectious diseases. Each particular patient has to be installed, whether it brings the condition of the PC of a slow-size type or harm, is an index of immunity or causes heavy wedge, phenomena, that is, whether it is necessary to strive for desensitization.

In one, it is necessary to evaluate the role of I. a. With local infectious processes. The threat of generalization of staphylococcus, neasery and other microbes from Croh foci, infection is small, consequently, the protective role of the PC of the delayed type is secondary, and its pathogenetic significance is undoubtedly.

Ave., with Ankylosomidosis, the primary penetration of larvae through the skin does not cause a local reaction, the invasion is developing. For repeated infection observed local inflammation And the larvae, Anquitles die. However, it is not known whether the death of larvae is due to allergic inflammation or other immunity mechanisms. At the same time, the most severe manifestations of inflammation around the helminth localized in the tissues, urticaria, swelling of quinque, attacks of bronchial asthma, of course, are harmful to them.

In case of toxoplasmosis, leishmaniosa develops a pronounced PC of a slow type, leading to the appearance of a hron, the inflammatory process around the foci of localization of the pathogen; Positive skin samples with appropriate allergens.

For gelminintosis, an intermediate type of gelminintosis is characterized, but in some of these, a delayed type (schistosomatosis, echinococcosis, trichinosis) can be simultaneously observed. The degree of sensitization severity and the role of allergic reactions in their pathogenesis are different.

In acute opisthorchose, eosinophilia in the blood reaches very high numbers, but common wedge, manifestations of allergies are rare.

Methods for determining infectious allergies

Diagnosis I. a. It is possible with various allergens (see allergens, preparations). Viral allergens Prepared from chicken embryos-containing altance fluid (ticking encephalitis, flu, epidem, extraction), from the fabric of the affected organs (veins. Lymphogranulham) with maximum cleaning against substrate antigens. Different bacterial allergens are used: suspension of microbial cells (tularin, brucellious corpuscular antigen), filtrates of broth crops (alttoberculin, histoplasmin, actinomycin), thermostable fractions according to Ando-Verzhikovsky, allergens obtained by ultrasound cell destruction, purified protein fractions (tuberculin-PPD), Polisaccharium-polypeptide complexes (pestin), alkaline protein extracts, etc. In all drugs, the main actors are the proteins of the microbial cell.

For detection of the IF, the skin samples are most often used (see). With their help, you can simultaneously detect an immemorified type (after 20-30 minutes) and a delayed type IF (in 24-48 hours). Specificity specificity is relative, because in different types of microbes within the same kind of vividly pronounced the generality of allergens, so it turns out cross reactions, for example, with different types Mycobacteria tuberculosis, with different types of Brucellul, etc. There are general allergens and in different generics of microbes, for example, at mycobacteria tuberculosis and non-pathogenic mycobacteria, in different generics of fungi, in the entire group of enterobacteria. At the same time, skin samples are specific to detect sensitization to this kind or the genus of microbes or fungi; They are not positive in healthy people and with infectious diseases caused by other pathogens.

The positive result of the skin sample does not exclude any other etiology of lesions, since the skin samples detect only the state of sensitization to the microbe, from which this allergen was obtained. For example, the positive test with the toxoplasmic does not exclude tuberculous, brucellular and other etiology of the lesion. The most convincing development of a focal reaction after the production of the skin sample or after additional administration in doubtful cases of allergen is subcutaneously in a larger dose.

In the diagnosis of allergic diseases, the positive results of the skin samples with allergens are not always quite indicative of the widespread microbes. Healthy sample people with staphylococcus allergens, candidis and other allergens are positive in a significant percentage of cases. In this regard, with ethiol, the diagnosis of allergic diseases is necessary along with skin provocative samples (see). With bronchial asthma, a provocative test is considered positive and confirms the role of a microbe in the development of the disease, if the inhalation of the appropriate allergen causes bronchospasm; With infectious-allergic rhinitis, the application of allergen on the nasal mucosa causes an aggravation; With allergic dermatoses, the formulation of the skin sample leads to increased inflammation in the foci. One of the varieties of provocative samples is intravenous administration of allergens. In the practice of diagnosing and treating infectious diseases, it is used only during brucellosis and reveals sensitized patients more than skin test. In the experiment using intravenous administration of lysed microbial allergens, an intermediate type of an immediate type to microbial allergens (anaphylactic shock) is detected, and with the introduction of corpuscular allergens - the PC of the slow-type.

To identify I. a. for various diseases The in vitro sample complex was developed: to determine the delayed type, the reaction of the blastotransformation of lymphocytes is used (see), the braking reaction of migration, to determine the intched type effects - the reaction of passive degradation of fat cells. For each reaction, it is necessary to choose an allergen, to work out its optimal doses.

The positive result of the skin samples convincingly proves the presence of I. A., but nothing speaks about the activity of the disease. Sharply positive tests are characteristic of completely compensated and latent cases of disease and can be maintained for years after bacteriol, recovery. In addition, sensitization may be the result of a transferred latent form of infection, preventive vaccinations.

Requires caution and assessment of sample results in vitro. They are less reliable than skin and provocative samples, and have a certain diagnostic value Only as comprehensive examination patient. The positive reaction of blastotransformation of lymphocytes speaks more about the activity of the infectious process than the degree of I. A.; Neutrophil damage reaction reflects the level of blood serum antibodies.

Treatment

Treatment of manifestations I. a. It is aimed at eliminating the pathogen, since after the elimination of infection while maintaining the state of sensitization of antigens in the body are not formed, allergic reactions do not occur. The antibiotics used for this purpose impede the development of sensitization only when appointing them in very early stage Diseases by reducing the number of microbes. The antibiotic is not affected by the already developed PC of the delayed type of antibiotics.

The state of the delayed type PC can be held decades after bacteriol, recovery, possibly due to the transition of microbes in the L-forms of IL and due to the period of life of T-lymphocytes reaches 20 years. In the absence of the causative agent in the body, this has no pathogenetic value, and attempts of hyposensibilization can only bring harm.

With some infectious-allergic diseases, when the sufficient effect is not received from antibacterial drugsIn order to hyposensitize, appropriate drugs are used: tuberculosis tuberculosis, brucellosis vaccine, actinomycosis, candidation and others. With a delayed type, intravenous administration of patients with treatment. Vaccines in growing doses leads only to a short-term moderate decrease in the IF - after 1-2 months. The previous level of the PC slow motion is restored or even becomes higher. A similar phenomenon is observed in infectious allergic diseases caused by the sensitization of microbes located in the chron foci, infection - the effectiveness of hyposensibilization in infectious-allergic bronchial asthma is significantly lower than with its atopic forms.

Due to the fact that the administration of allergen causes focal, and sometimes severe common reactions, hyposensibilization is contraindicated under the lesions of C. n. s., Eye, with diffuse changes in the liver, kidneys, with violations of cardiac activity, pregnancy. To suppress excessively strong inflammatory reactions, sometimes threatening LifeThe most effective corticosteroid hormones used in sufficiently large doses are possibly a shorter course and necessarily the IOD of antibiotics protection, since corticosteroids simultaneously suppress immunity.

Antihistamine drugs can only have a certain effect with an immediate type, for example, with gelminithosam, the urbvinice of microbial etiology. They reduce the wedge, manifestation of an immediate type allergy, but do not eliminate the cause, and after the cessation of their reception of symptoms, as a rule, renews.

Prevention of infectious allergy by eliminating contact with the resulting development agent is possible only in rare cases (detergents with microbial enzymes, microbial origin antibiotics). Prevention of development I. A. In case of infections, it is reduced to their prevention. In a patient with a developed infection, the prevention of sensitization does not make sense, since the PC of the delayed type should be considered as one of the mechanisms of immunity. In patients with a tendency to allergic diseases To prevent their development, careful and intensive treatment of sharp respiratory diseases, hron foci, infection is necessary.

Some features of infectious allergies in the action of bacterial toxins. The beginning of the study I. a. Bacterial toxins were studies I. L. Krichevsky and N. V. Galanova (1934), which found that the cells of the smooth muscle muscles of the guinea pigs infected by V. ABORTUS are more actively reacting to the endotoxin of this microorganism than the same intact animal cells .

In the future, Soviet scientists studied the reaction of various organism cells on endo and exotoxin bacteria - bacterial agents, tuberculosis, supa, diphtheria, tetanus, botulism, anaerobic infection and various viruses.

bME.ORG

Bacterial allergyThe increased sensitivity to bacterial allergens is usually developing in the presence of chronic infections in the body of chronic infections, which can be localized in almonds, carious teeth, caustic clients of the nose, in the bronchopile apparatus, intestine, biliary system. Bacterial allergy It is formed for a long time, for several years, so it is extremely rare to three years of age. Infectious-allergic diseases are formed under the infection of bacterial allergens: infectious allergic bronchial asthma, rhinitis, infectious-allergic urticaria. In the specific diagnosis of bacterial allergies, standard bacterial allergens are used, manufactured by Kazan NIIEM: hemolytic streptococcus, hemolytic staphylococcus, protea Mirabilis and Vulgaris, Sinnaya wand, Enterococcus, intestinal wand, group pneumococcus, nesseria.
The first stage of diagnosis of bacterial allergies is allergic. The seasonality of exacerbation (in the raw cold season) is considered characteristic of the alamous signs of bacterial allergies, the connection of the exacerbation of the disease with the supercooling due to the exacerbation of foci of chronic infection. The aggravation of the infectious-allergic disease is often accompanied by a febrile or subfebrile temperature, the appearance of symptoms of intoxication, and antibiotic therapy is effective in treatment. For infectious-allergic diseases, acute inflammatory processes in children with atopic diseases are often taken, especially for patients with atopic bronchial asthma. As a result, an anamnestic hyperdiagnosis of infectious-allergic diseases is often held. From table 2.15 it can be seen that bacterial positive Anamnesis (BKA) correlates with a complex of other tests in 67.16% of patients, of which 45.10% are provocative. In 1/3 of cases, with a positive history, all other tests turned out to be negative, that is, bacterial sensitization was not detected. Thus, more than half of the patients suspected a history of bacterial etiology of the disease are not confirmed by an integrated allergological examination. With a negative data of the anamnesis, 13.00% of children detects bacterial allergies, mainly subclinic. It follows from this that the history of bacterial allergies is not always credible.
Skin testing with bacterial allergens is not specific. From table 2.15 it can be seen that only in 38.33% of cases positive The result of intradermal samples (WCP) correlates with a complex of other tests and 9.45% - with a provocative, and 61.67% all other tests turned out to be negative, i.e. bacterial sensitization was not detected. This indicates the insufficient specificity of the positive result of the skin samples with bacterial allergens. At the same time, their negative result is highly reliable, at which a subclinical bacterial allergy is revealed only at 0.07%.
Other authors indicate the nonspecificness of skin samples with bacterial allergens. Thus, in the observations of T. S. Sokolova, V. A. Fradkin (1978), 50% of healthy children received positive WCPs with bacterial allergens. This indicates the need to (to clarify the role of allergen in the disease) of use in the diagnosis of bacterial allergies, other than the anamnesis and skin samples, other tests - provocative and laboratory. Among the latest highly informative is RLL, positive The result of which coincides with the complex of other tests in 84.76%, but only in 13.36%-with provocative, that is, it rarely identifies the manifest, but mainly subclinical allergies, and in part (15.24%) is false positive. Her negative result is reliable. At the same time coincidence positive reactions PPN with other tests is observed only in 56.52, and with provocative-in 2.17% of cases. 43.48% with positive (mainly to 0.15) the result of PPN bacterial allergy not installed. However, the negative FPN result is highly reliable. It should be noted that the intensity of the WCP and laboratory tests does not reflect the degree of hypersensitivity of the patient to the allergen (Fig. 2.9). Even sharply and very sharply positive. Their results reflect and manifest, and subclinical allergies, and a false positive result. In other words, skin and laboratory tests do not allow differentiate manifest and subclinical forms of bacterial allergies requiring a different therapeutic approach.

survinCity.ru.

About bacterial allergies

Bacterial allergies is A certain type of allergy, in which the allergic reaction develops on bacteria in the body is usually in the form of chronic foci of infection. Such chronic foci is most often localized in almonds, carious teeth, putty sinuses Nose, in the bronchopulmonary tree, as well as in the intestines and kidneys. At the same time, bacterial allergies are formed long enough, sometimes the bill is on year, so it is most often found in adults or older children.

Bacterial allergies isThat under the influence of bacterial agents and antigens in the human body, infectious-allergic diseases are formed, for example, such as:

Bronchial asthma;
Allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis;
Infectious allergic urticaria.

The above-mentioned diseases are severely transferred to patients, require a long and high-quality treatment. However, the earlier the patient detects the symptoms of allergies and seek qualified medical helpThe faster the specific treatment appointed by doctors will affect, and such a patient will be able forever forget about bacterial allergies.

Symptoms of bacterial allergies

Symptoms of bacterial allergies depend From the type of bacteria that contribute to the development of an allergic reaction, as well as on the state of the human immune system. So, allocate the following symptoms Bacterial allergies:

Respiratory symptoms:
- Cough and difficulty breathing due to the feeling of coma in the throat;
- Parry sneezing;
- Itching in the nose and throat;
- Transparent, mucous discharge from the nose;
- Nasal congestion;
- Infringement of sense of smell;
Symptoms of the lesion of the organ of vision:
- Redness of the mucous eye;
- Tear;
- Itching eyes;
In some cases, skin symptoms are joined:
- Rashes and redness on the skin, which are also accompanied by itching;
Symptoms indicating violation of the work of the gastrointestinal tract:
- Pain in the stomach;
- Vomiting;
- Diarrhea.

In the most difficult cases, symptoms of anaphylactic shock or swelling, the relief of which is possible only with the help of qualified medical workersEmergency medical care.

Causes of bacterial allergies

The causes of bacterial allergies are reduced To the fact that in the body there are chronic foci of infection associated with non-coherent colds bacterial diseases (for example, pneumonia, sinusitis, etc.). And under certain conditions, for example, hypothermia and decrease in immunity, these foci are activated, which launches the course of the bacterial allergic reaction. Therefore, so that in the root to prevent the development of bacterial allergies, it is always necessary to completely eliminate the disease and do not start it to a chronic form.

Bacterial allergy in children

Bacterial allergies in children are usually detected Not earlier than 3 years old age, because It develops against the background of the infection in the body of chronic foci. Symptoms in children are the same as in adults, but sometimes it is brighter and pronounced, which is associated with the immaturity of the children's immune system. Bacterial allergies in children need a qualified and specialized treatmentwhich is directed not only to the removal of allergy symptoms, but also to the elimination and sanitation of chronic foci of infection.

Treatment of bacterial allergies in children Doctors our clinic "LOR-ASTMA" are engaged, offering only safe, reliable and most effective techniques. Remember, the sooner you consult your doctor, the earlier it will identify the type of allergies and determine the specific type of allergen, the sooner you can start the treatment of your baby, and the faster it gets rid of the heavy and unpleasant symptoms of bacterial allergies.

Treat your child, applying only qualitative and productive methods of treatment! Namely, such treatment methods of bacterial allergies offer doctors Clinics "LOR-ASTMA!

Treatment of bacterial allergies

Treatment of bacterial allergies in our clinic LOR-ASTMA is always at the highest level! We are conducting treatment and adults, and children, eliminating them from bacterial allergies, while always selecting treatment schemes individually.

Treatment of bacterial allergies launched With high-quality diagnostics. It is from this that our doctors begin. The first stage is the collection of allergianamnesis, which finds out the attending physician at the patient himself or the child's parents. Then having literally somewhat diagnostic procedures and based on the patient's history data, the doctor establishes the type of allergies, and also determines the degree of its development.

After determining the type of allergen and determining the patient's immunity, allergy begins. As the treatment of bacterial allergies Our specialists offer only proven, efficient and high-quality methods, for example, such as:

Phytoapitherapy;
Apitherapy;
Lipidotherapy;
UPS therapy;
Capillarotherapy.

The purpose of the treatment of bacterial allergies - It is not only eliminating symptoms, but also to strengthen the immune system as a whole, as well as eliminate chronic foci bacterial infectionthat in the future it allows you to prevent the development of allergy recurrences!

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Questions of users on our website about bacterial allergies

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Word "microbe" Traditionally associated with the idea of \u200b\u200bsomething pathogen. But allergenic properties have primarily almost or completely harmless to humans, its natural cohabitants - for example, some staphylococci living on the skin, and an intestinal wand.

In addition to single-cell organisms of bacterial, plant or animal nature, viruses are also viruses, primarily respirators O-grazing, influenza viruses and paragrippa. Here, the nature of the virus itself is not coming: the nature of the virus itself is that it is by definition of being sacred for any living being, in whose DNA it has grown.

As one of the most popular theories in modern allergology says, an allergy is initially formed to viruses, and then it is as if on a laughed path - an increased sensitivity to microbes is produced. This usually happens in childhood.

The question is extremely interesting for theorists and the question of practitioners - that allergens of microbes and viruses are allergens. In principle, the situation is more or less clear; The virus is, roughly speaking, the bare genetic apparatus (DNA or RNA in the complex with proteins), and its allergens - or direct products of its genes, or some of the proteins forming said complex. Well, and the microbe is a unicellular creature, which has a lot of diverse proteins, is full, so there is from what to choose. But the problem is in the other. Any infectious agent has antigens against which the human immune system produces antibodies is clear. And now it turns out that some infectious agents also have allergens. Are these the same proteins or others? Say, antigen of influenza virus and allergen is the same - the same protein or different?

It seems to be logical to assume that different, since in response to their presence, different antibodies are usually produced: the allergens are mainly IgE, on antigens - all the others (this scheme is understandable, extremely requested). But see how microbial or viral allergy develops.

At first, the sick child is also sick orz or flu, or even angins or bronchitis. As if everything goes on schedule: a strong heat, cough, a runny nose, etc., etc. - is held intensive therapy Antibiotics - fever passes, runny nose and cough, too, comes reconvalued (this bush lobe, doctors call the phase of recovery). However, later, the typically flowing bronchitis suddenly is complicated by a pronounced shortness of breath, a long-term obsessive cough in continuation of long months ... The patient would seek and never ceases to hurt. And gradually shortness of breath, cough, whistling breathing and wheezing in the lungs become satellites of his life. There are no signs of infection, but there are listed symptoms. This means that a microbial or viral allergy has developed in the form of asthmatic bronchitis.

It turns out that the disease (or treatment from it?) Easily flows into allergies on its pathogen! Perhaps, after all, its antigens and allergens are the same substances. And what is important, in such cases, continue to pump up the child with antibiotics is completely useless and even harmful: Allergic to the medicine can also develop along the way! It is proved that with a combination of action on the organism of the antibiotic and microbes (or virus), the exacerbated sensitivity to them both is formed faster than separately.

That before allergies on intestinal wand And other invisible and innumerable symbiontes (cohabitants) of a person - no antigens in these creatures in theory should not be, and therefore painful sensitivity to them is the classic version of the "immunity errors".

As a rule, allergic reactions to microbes and viruses proceed along slow motion. Immediately - for example, on Pneumococcus, Streptococcus, Nassenia, the same intestinal wand - are rarely observed.

What can you advise the public to avoid microbial and viral allergies? Is it only one thing: smaller up, stop as steel, do not break down with a fitting procedures, do not be lazy to carry charging in the morning, and if the flu picked up, ORZ or other infection - favor to heal before full recovery. There is evidence that the development of allergic diseases caused by microbes and viruses, foci of chronic infection in almonds, appointments of the uterus, a bustling bubble, intestines, in words, in any organs are promoted. Why there is a gallbladder - a holey tooth, in time not polished, can cause bronchial asthma! After all, caries is also caused by microbes. And during the epidemics of the flu, regularly shaking our capital and other Russian cities, you need to striculize all the rules of hygiene and individual sewn.

In addition, please me in mind that proteases and proteinases (enzymes, whose proteins) have been possible to distinguish between some bacteria (enzymes, whispered proteins) are widely used in the manufacture of washing powders. Not always bacterial allergen - Protea or proteinase, but still patients with increased sensitivity to bacteria It is recommended to carefully handle the wasy powders: inhalation of their air suspension can cause an attack of bronchial asthma, and laundry with unprotected hands and even wearing clothing with such powder, unsafe for skin .

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