The norm of antibodies to thyroperoxidase. Analysis on AT to TPO Analysis AT TPO has shown a positive result.

AT-TPO, or antibodies to peroxidase, are determined in the blood in diagnostic purposes to identify the diseases of the thyroid gland.

This figure is strongly elevated in women as in the case of hypothyroidism, or insufficient mining of hormones in the "thyroid house" and in hyperthyroidism, that is, with their excess. There is also a phenomenon of healthy antibody carriage, so treatment is carried out only after additional laboratory and instrumental examinations.

Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is an enzyme functioning in the tissues of the thyroid gland.

It ensures the formation of an active form of iodine, speeds up the process of producing hormones, which are responsible for many important processes in the human body: general growth and development, proper metabolism, the transfer of nerve impulses, heat regulation and others. Antibodies to this enzyme (AT-TPO) are produced during impairment of immunity.

AT-TPO is strongly elevated in women with autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland, that is, when the immune system exhibits pathological aggression in relation to its own body.

Antibodies block the activity of this enzyme, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the synthesis of thyroid hormones affecting all organism systems. Their blood detection is the most sensitive and accurate way to detect autoimmune deviations.

When a study is prescribed

Analysis on AT-TPO is prescribed in the following cases:

AT-TPO is strongly elevated in women also with some types of malignant tumors. Therefore, to clarify the diagnosis, it may be necessary to carry out a puncture biopsy - the fence of the biomaterial from the thyroid gland with a thin needle.

Norms of indicators in women

Normal borders of AT-TPO depend on the method of testing serum.

Most often apply 2 ways:

• Immuno enzyme analysis on stripped polystyrene plates. The norm of antibodies in the blood in this case is 10-30 (in some laboratories the upper bound - 35) IU / ml.
• Chemiluminescent immunoassay on microparticles. Reference values \u200b\u200bare constituted<6 Ед/мл.

The medical form should indicate two indicators - the resulting test and normal for this laboratory method. The study is usually carried out in the complex with the definition of TGR and T4 thyrotropic hormones.

How to prepare for research

To obtain reliable results, you must perform several conditions:

How is the fence of the biomaterial

Blood to determine the level of antibodies take from veins.

This procedure occurs as follows:

1. Patient position - sitting. If it is seriously tolerates such manipulations, the blood pressure can be done lying.
2. The hand of the examined is placed on the table, the nurse prepares the consumables - napkins for sterilization, test tubes, a disposable needle.
3. Above the position of the puncture of 10 cm impose harness. It is held no more than 1 min.
4. The patient is asked to squeeze the fist in order to better be visible to Vienna and to ensure blood flow.
5. The prolque place is disinfected with napkins (or cotton swab), moistened in medical alcohol.
6. The nurse introduces the needle to Vienna, about an angle of 20 ° to the skin surface.
7. As soon as the blood began to enter the test tube, the harness on the hand weaken. This action is made to prevent the destruction of blood cells and distorting the results of the analysis. The patient is also asked to break the fist.
8. Blood is gained in the test tube.
9. From the veins, remove the needle, and the napkin is applied to the place of puncture, which is necessary to close the bleeding tightly.

How much to wait for the results of the study

The duration of the study is usually not more than 1 working day. If the laboratory is strongly loaded, the results can be issued in 2-3 days.

Deciphering analyzing responses

AT-TPO and its values \u200b\u200bcan be correctly interpreted only by a doctor, since the analysis results are not the only true for the diagnosis.

If this parameter is highly enhanced in women, it serves as a marker of the possible development of autoimyluine diseases of the thyroid gland. The final confirmation of the diagnosis is made after additional laboratory and instrumental studies.

At-TPO antibodies are detected in 95% of patients with thyaredite Hashimoto and 85% with Graves's disease.

However, their presence in the blood does not always indicate the development of pathologies. So, according to medical statistics, 15-20% of healthy people are carriers of this group of antibodies. If there are no other signs of pathological changes in the thyroid gland, the treatment is not required.

The result of the test may also affect the following factors:

• recent surgical operations carried out on the "thyroid";
• radiotherapy;
• reception of drugs (iodine-containing means and thyroid hormones).

How much does the study cost where they spend

Blood research on at-TPO can be made in accredited diagnostic institutions working on a budgetary or commercial basis. The cost of analysis in the latter case is about 400-700 rubles. Additionally, the fence of the biomaterial is paid (blood from vein) - 130-250 rubles.

Some commercial laboratories provide departure services to the patient.

Causes of strong increase in at-TPO

AT-TPO is strongly elevated in women in several cases:

An increase in the concentration of antibodies is also detected in violation of blood intake rules and when the diet is not compared to the analysis (with a large serum fats).

Symptoms

The main signs of diseases in women under which high AT-TPO values \u200b\u200bare detected, are shown in the table below.

Pathology	Symptoms
Greiva's disease	An increase in the thyroid gland (goiter). Persecuted eyes. Violation of cardiac rhythm. Edema. Weight loss. Violation of the menstrual cycle. Increased sweating. Weakness. Headache.
Thareloit Hashimoto.	An increase in the density of the thyroid gland. Moderate pain. In the launched form - disorders of cardiovascular, digestive and nervous systems. Edema.
Thieloit de Kervena	Pain in the neck, in the head of the back, the lower jaw, ears and whiskey. Total weakness. Headache. Increase body temperature. Heartbeat. Sweating. Weight loss. Hand shake. At the started stage - drowsiness, inhibition, swelling, constipation, slowdown in heart rate.
Nodal toxic goiter	Seals in the thyroid gland. Difficulties in swallowing. Signs of thyrotoxicosis: weight loss, arrhythmia, abdominal pain, general weakness, impaired menstrual cycle.

Treatment

There are several ways to treat thyroid diseases:

• conservative, with medication drugs;
• radiotherapy (exposure to radioactive radiation);
• surgical intervention.

The operation is shown in the following cases:

• large thyroid sizes, squeezing the trachea or blood vessels of the neck;
• resistant decrease in blood leukocytes;
• heavy heart rate disorders;
• with suspected cancer in nodes or their rapid growth;
• with toxic adenoma.

Medications

The main drugs used in the treatment of the above diseases are shown in the table.

Disease	Preparations	Daily dosage, mg / day	Features of reception
Greiva's disease	Mercazolyl (methylthioqil, propylthyo-ration)	Therapeutic: 30-40 (in severe cases up to 80) Supporting: 10-15	Duration of treatment 0.5-2 years Every 2-4 weeks the blood test is performed.
Thareloit Hashimoto.	Iodide (Lugol solution, potassium iodide)	100-200 (2-4 mg / kg Weight)	Used to eliminate thyrotoxic crisis and to prepare for operation Assign for a short reception.
	Lithium carbonate	900-1500	Full elimination of symptoms is possible only for light shapes.
	Tyreostatics (Mercazolyl, Propylthyoranqil)	Mercazolyl: Light course of the disease - 30; Heavy - 60. Propylthioqil - 400-600 (in 4 reception)	The total duration of therapy is 1-1.5 years.
	Thyroid hormones (thyroxin)	0,05-0,1	Promote a decrease in the production of TSH, their level control is produced after 1.5-2 months.
Thieloit de Kervena	Glucocorticosteroids (prednisone)	30-60	The duration of treatment is 3-4 weeks.
	Acetylsalicylic acid	2-3	Reduced inflammation symptoms.
Nodal toxic goiter	Tyroxin and iodine preparations	Indicated above	—

Folk remedies

AT-TPO is strongly enhanced in women, when the functions of the thyroid gland are impaired.

The following recipes of traditional medicine will help restore the work of this body:

Diet pattern

In the first case, the following products are prohibited:

• with a large content of omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids (sunflower, corn, soy oil, oats grains, lentils and chickpeas);
• refined carbohydrates (sugar, honey, concentrated fruit juices, pastries, cakes, sweets);
• vegetables with a large content of starch (potatoes, radish, carrots, topinambur, beets, melting crops - zucchini, pumpkin);
• with transzomers of fatty acids (margarine, spread), as well as fatty meat, bird.

It is also recommended to reduce the consumption of dairy products, as they contribute to an increase in the load on the gastrointestinal tract.

It should be introduced into the diet such products as:

• sources of omega-3 unsaturated acids (flax seeds, white chia, eggs, avocado, spinach, dill, beans);
• to replenish the missing iodine stocks - laminaria, shrimp, mussels, sea fish;
• vegetables rich in fiber (eggplant, all kinds of cabbage, onions, cucumbers, greens, sweet peppers, garlic) as well as bran, sesame seeds and flax.

With hyperthyroidism, first of all, it is necessary to refrain from those dishes, which includes an increased iodine content (listed above).

• drinks: chocolate and cocoa, strong tea, coffee, alcohol;
• first dishes: strong broths;
• flour: Cakes, Cakes, Baking on yeast dough;
• other products: acute, spicy food, animal fat.

When digestion disorders, it is impossible to use products that can enhance diarrhea (radishes, radish, mushrooms, fruits) and meteorism (baking from a dough, cabbage, tomatoes, sharp dishes).

The approximate menu for both cases is shown in the table below:

The state of the thyroid gland	Reduced function	Increased feature
Breakfast	Fast cooking oatmeal with prunes. Porridge fill with linseed oil	Dairy rice porridge Crackers Tea with milk
Lunch	Fruit salad chopped with slices (banana, pear, apple, orange or mandarin)	Cottage cheese casserole
Dinner	Vegetable soup with brussels cabbage on low-fat chicken broth Salad of allowed vegetables	Vegetable soup Cabbages or meatballs
Afternoon person	Grapefruit or one of the allowed fruits	Yogurt
Dinner	Sea cabbage salad, fish and squid fillets, fired by sesame oil For the night - yogurt	Buckwheat River fish prepared for a couple At night - kefir

Forecast and complications

The prognosis of the disease depends on its severity, timely diagnosis and began treatment. So, with thyroid de cervine, patients are fully restored for 1.5-2 months. At the asymptomatic carriers of the AT-TPO antibodies, the risk of developing pathology in the thyroid gland is growing at the occurrence of pregnancy.

During this period, the following complications are also possible:

In patients with Greiva's disease, the forecast is favorable with early diagnosis, but in the case of surgical treatment, hypothyroidism may develop.

AT-TPO is a diagnostic marker of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland. It is very increased in women with inflammation of this body, hyperthyroidism and the formation of nodes in it. For the formulation of an accurate diagnosis and adequate treatment, additional research is needed, among which the most informative are ultrasound, scintigraphy and biopsy.

Article clearance: Vladimir Great

Video about at-TPO

About antibodies to thyroid gland:

"Hormone AT-TPO" is an erroneous name that, nevertheless, can often be met when discussing analyzes appointed to determine the pathologies of the thyroid gland. In fact, AT-TPO is an abbreviation, which is deciphered as "antibodies to thyroid peroxidase, or anti-TPO. Thunderstands are called auto-aggressive antibodies against thyroid peroxidase - an enzyme expressing mainly in the thyroid gland and playing a key role in the formation of thyroxine hormones (T 4) and triiodothyronine (T 3), which are responsible for various exchange processes in the human body.

In disruption of the work of the immune system, peroxidase can be perceived by the body as an alien substance (antigen), this means that antibodies (autoimmune response of the body) begin to be produced against it, which the immune system is trying to destroy it. As a result, the synthesis of thyroid hormones is disturbed. This may cause the development of diffuse toxic goiter, thyroiditis Hashimoto and a number of other states, in which there is an increase or decrease in the function of the thyroid gland.

The states under which anti-TPOs are produced

First of all, the increase in antibodies to peroxidase is considered as an autoimmune damage of the thyroid gland. An increase in this indicator is noted about 95% of patients with thyroidite Hashimoto and in 85% of patients with diffuse toxic goiter, as well as in 15-20% of cases of nonautimmune pathologies of the thyroid gland (including in the presence of a patient neoplasms of the thyroid gland).

However, antibodies to thyroperoxidase are not strictly specific for diseases of the thyroid gland, their increase can be observed in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic red lupus and other autoimmune diseases. A large amount of antibodies can be detected during the irradiation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe head and neck, chronic renal failure, as well as with a viral infection.

Increased level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in women can be determined during pregnancy, with its spontaneous interruption, complicated childbirth, as well as in the postpartum period.

Clinical signs

The increase in anti-TPO and its decrease is clinically manifested by a change in the concentration in the blood of thyroid hormones.

Raising the level of thyroid hormones	Reducing the level of thyroid hormones
	Reduced body temperature
Pucheglasie	Faloboyazn
A sharp decline in body weight	Increase body weight
Blood pressure raising, heart	Euchness
Reducing bone strength, hair loss	Reliability of nails, dry skin, hair loss
Mood swings, irritability, insomnia	Template to depression, weakness, increased fatigue
	Disruption of menstrual cycles
	Deterioration of cognitive abilities

Diagnostics

Indications for research

The blood test on the AT-TPO is made in disorders from the thyroid gland, mainly to exclude or confirm the autoimmune destruction, as well as to control the effectiveness of the therapy. Usually, this analysis is prescribed in conjunction with the determination of the concentration of TSH hormones (thyrotropic hormone), T 3, T 4 and some other indicators.

With a highly high level of anti-TPO, in addition to the thyroid gland, an inspection of the bone-articular system may be required. For this purpose, ultrasound is prescribed, radioisotope research, etc.

Indications to the definition of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase are:

• thyroiditis hashimoto (autoimmune thyroiditis);
• diffuse toxic goiter (Greiva's disease, Basted's disease);
• disorders from the thyroid gland after childbirth, operational intervention, injuries;
• the swelling of the lower limbs.

The need to analyze in pregnant women and in the postpartum period

Definition of AT-TPO is needed during a comprehensive examination of pregnant women. The development of a woman of hypothyroidism during the nipping of the child threatens the emergence of the pathologies of the development of the fetus, complications of pregnancy flow, negative consequences for the health of a woman, so this state is necessary or eliminated or corrected. The analysis is carried out in the spontaneous interruption of pregnancy in the first trimester. Approximately 10% of women in the postpartum period develops thyroiditis. The suspicion of it is also a reason for the purpose of the study.

Preparation for research

Analysis on antibodies to thyroperoxidase needs to be properly prepared:

1. A month before the alleged blood delivery, after consultation with the doctor, should exclude the use of hormonal drugs (including oral contraceptives).
2. 3 days before the analysis, discontinue the use of medicines, which include iodine (only after discussion with the attending physician), and not to use alcoholic beverages.
3. During the day before taking blood, it is necessary to exclude intensive physical exertion, smoking, limit stressful situations that can increase the value of the determined indicator.
4. Before research, you need to sleep well.
5. Blood fence should be made in the morning on an empty stomach, after the last meal must pass at least 8 hours.

Norms of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase

The rate of at-TPO in women and men is the same and amounts to<35 Ед/мл.

For women, taking into account the physiological features of the body, permissible somewhat greater the content of antibodies in the blood, especially in the age group over 50 years old.

In determining the concentration of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase, it is necessary to take into account the presence of concomitant diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, which can affect the indicators.

Various methods of research, norms and units can be used in different laboratories. Deciphering the result of the analysis should be carried out by a doctor.

AT-TPOs are raised: what to do?

The treatment diagram at an elevated level of at-TPO is selected by a doctor, depending on the cause that caused the deviation.

Medicia treatment

1. With insufficient production of thyroid hormones Patients are prescribed replacement hormone therapy.
2. With elevated values \u200b\u200bof hormonal indicators - on the contrary, thyareostatic drugs that suppress the secretory activity of the thyroid gland.
3. To reduce the activity of the autoimmune process Antihistamines, glucocorticosteroids are prescribed to the patient.
4. With inflammation Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be used.
5. Symptomatic therapy It is carried out using antihypertensive drugs, beta-adrenobloclars, etc.

Diet pattern

Patients with hyperthyroidism shows the observance of the diet, from the diet, at the same time, strong tea and coffee, spicy, fried food should be eliminated. The menu add more products rich in vitamins and minerals (vegetables, fruits, lactic acid products).

Prevention measures

In order to prevent the development of deviations related to the function of the thyroid gland, it is recommended:

• rejection of bad habits;
• balanced diet;
• compliance with adequate mode of operation and recreation, full night sleep;
• avoiding physical and mental overloads;
• for persons from the risk group - regular passage of preventive medical examinations (minimum 1 time per year).

Video

We offer to watch the video on the topic of the article.

Analysis of blood serum at TPO is related to specific research. What is this blood test on at TPO? In medical practice, this type of laboratory survey has the name of the TPO that is deciphered as a solid-phase immunoferment or immunohemialyuminescent analysis. Blood is subjected to centrifugation to obtain serum and then passing a professional test system to determine the atpo coefficient.

Definition of concept

What is atpo? This abbreviation is deciphered as thyroid peroxidase antibodies. It seems as an indicator of immunity aggression in relation to its own body. As a result of the penetration from the outside of viruses and bacteria in the thyroid gland, antibodies begin to combat microorganisms. In case of violation of this process, a failure occurs, in which antibodies are not attacking pathogens, but healthy cells. In a specific case, their effects are aimed at thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. Analysis on TPO allows you to identify such antibodies and prevent pathology in a timely manner in the immune system.

Thyroid hormones contribute:

• Full activity of the heart muscle.
• Qualitative operation of the respiratory system.
• The flow of heat exchange processes in the body.
• The growth and formation of the physical body.
• Energetic absorption of oxygen.
• Activation of motorcycle gastrointestinal tract.

With insufficient developing in the body of hormones T3 and T4, mental and physical braking in development arise, the process of forming the central nervous and skeletal muscular system is upset. Atpo performs as an observer of the autoimmune process of the thyroid gland. The appearance of thermoid hormones in the blood, such as T3, T4 indicates the development of hypothyroidism.

If during the studies to use more sensitive indicators, then thanks to the analysis of the atpo, it will be possible to determine the positive results in 95% of cases.

In the normal state in the thyroid gland cells, a constant process of producing thyroid hormones thyroxine T4 and triiodothyronine T3, which contain an iodine molecule in its complex. Promotes the introduction of iodine into the inner structure of hormones thyroid peroxidase. This enzyme is responsible for the development of iodine ions and is able to join the thyreoglobulin iodification process. But when the body begins to produce thyroid peroxidase antibodies, it makes it difficult to connect iodine in an active stage with thyreoglobulin. The production of hormones in the thyroid gland is frustrated, which is the cause of the development of pathologies in it and metabolic disorders.

In what cases is assigned analysis

Analysis of thyroid hormones and antibodies to thyroperoxidase is often recommended by patients after visiting an ultrasound, where the clinical picture of thiosodite was seen. This is expressed in the detection of tissue areas with reduced or increased echogenicity. Equally, the blood test for hormone is justified when the inhomogeneity of the structure or an increase in the endocrine organ.

A study on autoimmune reactions is carried out in the case of:

• Cost detection.
• Peritibal Myxedema - a dense edema of the legs.
• Greyvs disease - Basned Disease.
• Inherited signs, if autoimmune deviations or thyroid pathology was observed in one of the blood relatives.
• If there is a suspicion of thyroidity of a hashimoto - an inflammatory process, developing with an insufficient number of hormones of the thyroid gland.
• Problems with conception and hatching of the child.

The detection of the large number of antibodies to thyroid perkistase can be a precursor and other pathologies of metabolic substances that are not related to the thyroid gland. Analysis for hormones is subject to mandatory in front of the eco-procedure of extracorporeal fertilization.

Norm

When the blood test was obtained on AT TPO, the decoding is made by the physician endocrinologist. The number of antibodies establishes the degree of violation of immunity activities. According to statistical information, it is in women several times more often in contrast to men, an increase in the numerical value of antibodies to thyroid perkistase is viewed. The norm in women AT to TPO is in the upper limits of up to 32 U / L or 5.4 MME / ml.

The changes in the neck of the neck are easier to detect, in view of the fact that men's skin is thinner and does not have a fat layer, and even the most slight thickening immediately becomes noticeable.

AT-TPO norm is also dependent on the age period. Us of up to 50 years old, the indicator is from 0.1 to 34.0, ed / l. Closer to old age, the upper boundary of the coefficient of antibodies to thyroperoxidase rises to 100.0 U / l. Determine the antibodies to the thyroid peroxidase is available to the blood test on the AT.

High indicator

What does An Analysis of AT with a high coefficient? Analysis of the blood of antibodies is aimed at identifying their quantity. Almost every autoimmune pathology of the thyroid gland is distinguished by an increase in the AT to the enzyme peroxidase in the blood stream. For autoimmune flow, thyroid peroxidase is often the main goal. Under other circumstances, the hormone on AT TPO is only one of the components of the cause caused by pathology.

An increase in antibody titer to thyroperoxidase indicates the following ailments:

• Cares postpartum or autoimmune.
• Autoimmune neotireoid diseases.
• Bacterial and viral infections.
• Rheumatic processes of various location.
• Thyroid injury.
• The irradiation of the neck area.
• Renal failure.

Increased antibodies for thyroid peroxidase in women during pregnancy testify to the high probability of development of the postpartum period. Dangerous such condition, the fact that it can go from the mother as hereditary deviation to the newborn. As a result, when planning pregnancy, it is recommended to control the hormonal level in order to exclude the risk in relation to the child. It is important to take into account that the excess of the titer of antibodies to thyroperoxidase is not an absolute indicator of thiosodite.

Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism

In the initial stage of development of thiosoditis, when immunity antibodies are rapid on their own useful cells of the body. Then there is an increase in the functioning of the thyroid gland, the flow of thyrotoxicosis.

This state does not relate to diseases, it will be correct to attribute to syndrome of inflammatory, infectious, tumor and other pathological processes.

Fundamental signs of thyrotoxicosis:

• Menstrual phase failure.
• Hair cover.
• A sharp decline in body weight.
• An increase in blood pressure.
• Unreasonable differences in emotional state.
• Loss of strength of the bone system.
• Deviations in cardiac activity.
• Discardial libido.

After time, after the occurrence and transition to a more mature stage of the thyroid gland peroxidase, its functions are usually reduced. Similar deviation is called hypothyroidism. It is the opposite of the previous state, but also performs the syndrome of various pathologies.

Base symptoms of hypothyroidism:

• Frequent depressive states.
• Violation of the menstrual period.
• Weakening memorization process.
• A sharp increase in body weight, up to obesity.
• Leaning to swells.
• Thinning and fragility of nails.
• Dry skin.
• Total weakness.

The modern treatment of this endocrine pathology lies in hormonal replacement therapy. It is shown only in the situation of exacerbation of hypoteriosis, which, in turn, is a consequence of long exceeding the rate of antibody titers to thyroperoxidase, that is, thiosodite, in particular, Hashimoto. When autoimmune is diagnosed, it will take to select medicines individually taking into account all personal features of the body.

In contact with

Sometimes the human body begins to produce hormones so that suppresses the functions of important inner glands. In this case, gives a sick direction to tests. In particular, if the thyroid disease is suspected, it is necessary to find out the level of hormone Attpo. What is it and is it worth worrying?

AT TPO is an abbreviation that can be decoded as follows.

AT - autoantibody. The prefix "AUTO" suggests that they are not included in the body from the outside, but are produced directly by the immune system of the person himself.

TPO - thyroid peroxidase, or differently - thyroperoxidase. What it is? This is an enzyme having a protein molecule produced by the thyroid gland and plays the role of a catalyst in hormone biosynthesis processes:

• thyroglobulin;
• thyroxine;
• triiodothyronine.

If for some reason, the immune system begins to consider this enzyme hostile to the body and increase the hormone atpo against it, the active iodine without the action of the catalyst cannot form compounds with thyreoglobulin. The process of hormonal synthesis in the thyroid gland is broken.

What are the reasons for the deviation of the level at to the hormone TPO from the norm

Before talking about deviations, denote the boundaries of the norm. Considered normal level of hormone AT to TPO, depending on the age of a person changes. So for patients who are younger than 50 years old, it is 0.0 - 34.9 units / ml. And for people over 50 - this value is already equal to the gap of 1.00 - 99.9 units / ml.

Next, we draw attention to the fact that there is a reservation in the interpretation of indicators. If the blood test on the AT has shown an increased level of hormone AT TPO by 20 U / ml, this means that the patient is still within the normal range, but requires systematic observation and control over the level of antibodies in relation to thyroperoxidase. But if the indicators grew by 25 units and above, then medical intervention is already necessary.

The growth of the level of TPO means that pathological processes are in the body. An increase in the indicator is observed in the following cases:

• Viral infections;
• Postpartum thyroiditis.

Non-study autoimmune diseases, including hereditary nature:

• Rheumatoid polyarthritis;
• Vitiligo;
• Collagenoses;
• Systemic red lupus.

In addition to the listed, there are a number of other pathological conditions, in which the level of antibodies to PTO will increase:

• The consequences of previously transferred irradiation in the neck and head;
• Renal failure of chronic leakage;
• Rheumatism;
• Diabetes;
• Injury to the endocrine organ.

Indications for analyzing at AT-TPO

One of the symptoms of the reduction of the function of the thyroid gland is the reduced body temperature.

When hyperfunction, the opposite effect is observed - it will increase. In addition, testimony to pass the analysis to the level of at-TPO will be suspicious of a doctor for the following diseases:

• . Small production of thyroid hormones is provoked by the inflammatory process. As a result, the patient has a decline of forces, constant drowsiness. Begins to fall out hair. In addition, mental activity is noticeably reduced. In this case, the cause will be an increase in the number of antibodies.
• Cost detection. This feature most often signals the problems of the thyroid gland. Requires a speedy diagnosis.
• , or . For this state, a diffuse goiter is characterized. In addition, the patient will complain about sweating, pathological states of the eyes, tachycardia, increased excitability.
• . Because of the metabolic disorders, the patient's legs swell tightly.

Any of the cases described above implies the need for an analysis of autoimmune reactions that provoke a violation of the functions of the thyroid gland.

What to do a woman while improving atpo hormone

Doctors have not yet revealed absolutely all the reasons for changes in the level of autoantibodies in the body of women. Called groups of factors that are able to influence their enhanced production:

• Diseases of the thyroid gland;
• Viral pathogens;
• The influence of toxins on the body;
• Genetic predisposition that was inherited;
• A number of diseases of chronic character.

The production of antibodies to thyroperoxidase can increase and during pregnancy on the overall background of hormonal restructuring in the body.

If there is a risk of raising the level of antibodies or there is a minor increase, then it will not be superfluous. This suggests the following preventive events:

• Rejection of bad habits - tobacco and alcohol;
• Comply with nutrition;
• If it is possible, change the area of \u200b\u200baccommodation to environmentally friendly;
• Observe the mode of work and recreation, get enough sleep. This recommendation is particularly relevant, since bad sleep greatly worsens the condition of the hormonal background.
• Monitor psycho-emotional state, avoid nervous loads, experiences, stress.

In case of inclination to increase AT TPO, or genetic predisposition to diseases of the thyroid gland, it is necessary to regularly undergo a survey from an endocrinologist. Preventive studies are carried out at least once a year.

If the hormone level went beyond the norm, the doctor will prescribe appropriate treatment. Preparations will help return the hormonal background to a normal state. It should be remembered that self-treatment and folk remedies are unacceptable in this case! Otherwise, the patient risks not only to aggravate the problem, but also make it more serious.

Norm in blood anti-bodies to TPOs during pregnancy

Statistics of observing pregnant women shows: postpartum thyroiditis burdens up to 10% of moms.

The produced antibodies cause significant damage to the thyroid gland, the consequence of which destructive thyrotoxicosis becomes. In 70% of cases, the function of the thyroid gland can be normalized and the patient's condition is improved. 30% leads to development.

If, until the moment of the pregnancy occurs, an indicator is 5.6 mm / ml, then during the nipping of the child, it should not rise higher than 2.5 MME / ml. If this mark is exceeded, the doctor will prescribe the appropriate drugs to normalize the work of the thyroid gland.

In the case when a woman has a hormone level at TPO, but the other symptoms of autoimmune thyroiditis are not identified, the woman is observed in the endocrinologist in order to control and diagnose during the entire period of pregnancy. At the same time, 1 time in trimester is carried out a control fence for analysis.

The first trimester: a low level is characterized - this is normal. If the levels of antibodies to TPO and TSTG have grown, then a decrease in the functional reserve of the thyroid gland is diagnosed. This means that there is a possibility of the development of hypothiocynemia. Analysis is carried out up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Timely examination will allow you to prevent the possible spontaneous interruption of pregnancy and unwanted consequences for the child. In the case of high indicators, the doctor most often appoints the L-thyroxine course.

If the problem does not reveal on time, then unpleasant consequences are possible:

• Hypothyroidism or its progression;
• Complications of an obstetric nature during the development of pregnancy;
• Spontaneous abortion;
• Development of postpartum thyreopathy.

Futive mommies is extremely important to remember the possible consequences and timely observe the doctor.

What methods of treatment are used in case of deviation from the norm

If AT TPO is high, medication treatment is prescribed. The doctor prescribes hormone hormones, determining the dose and duration of the course strictly individually for each patient, depending on the case.

• Aukoimmune thyroiditis. In this disease, there is a possibility in the further development of hypothyroidism. A narrow specialized drug for the treatment of this disease does not exist, so often the doctor, depending on the result, can prescribe several funds until it becomes the most effective one.
• If symptoms of problems with the cardiovascular system are revealed, the therapy is assigned to the use of beta-adrenoblocators.
• If the patient comes the thyrotoxic phase, pharmaceutical funds are not prescribed, as there is no.
• Replacement therapy is carried out with the help of thyroid drugs, which include Levothyroxine (L-thyroxine). It is discharged, including pregnant women. The dosage is selected on the basis of the thyroid hormone levels obtained. Periodically, the woman gives the tests again so that the doctor can track the changes in the clinical picture.
• With a subacter, thyroidity may be parallel with other autoimmune diseases. In these cases, the patient will receive glucocorticoids, which are part of prednisolone. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed the patient if an increase in autoantibodite titers is observed. When the fact of squeezing the thyroid gland organs of the mediastinum is prescribed surgical intervention.

Treatment is carried out comprehensively with the appointment of vitamins and adaptogenic properties. In the future, the doctor prescribes a supportive dose of drugs that a person takes during his life.

How is the analysis procedure and which preparation is required?

In order for the analysis as efficient as possible, it is assumed that the patient will prepare for a blood fence in advance. For these purposes:

• In about 1 month, under the supervision of the endocrinologist, the reception of drugs containing the hormones of the thyroid gland ceases.
• A few days before the procedure also stops receiving.
• On the eve of the analysis, the patient should avoid high physical exertion, alcohol and tobacco. If possible, exclude any stressful impact.

The analysis of the material for analysis is made on an empty stomach. You can drink water to the patient, as other drinks are able to distort the picture of the hormonal background.

Features of deciphering blood test AT to TPO

A serum is allocated as the main material from the blood of the patient with the help of centrifugation. The method of direct study of blood on at TPO is called "Immunohemileuminescent analysis" or "solid-phase immunoassay analysis". The study is carried out on special equipment in the laboratory.

Since the procedure is standardized, then independently of the laboratory, the decoding of the endocrinologist will be carried out equally.

The norm for immunoassimize analysis is the indicators:

• up to 30 me / ml for people under the age of 50;

Norm for immunohemyluminescent analysis:

• up to 35 me / ml for people under the age of 50;
• up to 50 me / ml for patients aged 50 years and older.

It is important to remember that an ATA analysis to TPO in case a person over 50 years old can show a level up to 100 me / ml, which will also mean the norm. Given the large number of factors affecting the interpretation of the results of the analysis of the blood test to the TPO, the decoding should be made only by a qualified endocrinologist.

List of references

1. Diseases of the thyroid gland in women of reproductive age. Guide for doctors. - M.: Gootar Media, 2013. - 487 c.
2. Ivanova, V. The disease of the thyroid gland and diabetes / V. Ivanov. - M.: Newspaper World, 2013. - 128 c.
3. Kazmin, V. D. Diseases of the thyroid and pancakes / V.D. Kazmin. - M.: Phoenix, 2009. - 256 c.

⚕️Melikhova Olga Aleksandrovna is an endocrinologist, an experience of 2 years.

It is engaged in issues of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the organs of the endocrine system: thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, pituitary glands, germ glands, parachite glands, forkry gland, etc.

- so called protein compounds of blood plasma, which helps to fight alien microorganisms and prevent the development of diseases. However, in some cases, antibodies begin to attack not pathogenic microbes, but healthy cells of the body.

Antibodies are often produced in the thyroid gland, their action is directed against thyroglobulin and thyroid pyroxidase. What is AT-TPO? This is an analysis that allows you to determine the presence of antibodies in the blood of thyroid pyroxidase and to identify pathology in the work of the immune system.

If the body begins to produce to thyroid pyroskidase, it prevents the connection of active iodine with thyreoglobulin. The formation of hormones is disturbed, which can further lead to systemic disorders in the exchange of substances and the appearance of thyroid diseases.

The analysis of the AT-TPO timely analyzed will determine the presence of antibodies in the blood and restore the normal operation of the immune system.

Autoimmune diseases are becoming more common, and the key role in successful treatment plays exactly the early diagnosis.

Analysis on AT-TPO can show the presence of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in the body of a pregnant woman: in the future this can lead to thyroiditis, which will cause deviations in the development of the child. Early threw the cause of multiple violations, including the development of the Basned Disease.

The analysis is appointed according to the following testimony:

1. Suspected by Tyareitel Hashimoto. This is an inflammatory process manifested by insufficient thyroid gland. Patients complain about weakness and drowsiness, mental activity slows down, hair loss is observed. The analysis makes it possible to determine the presence of antibodies provoking inflammation.
2. The appearance of goiter is one of the common signs of the thyroid gland. If goiter develops, it is necessary to diagnose as soon as possible and determine the cause of the lesion.
3. Graves's disease, which is also called the base disease. It is manifested by a diffuse goiter, as well as a whole number of signs: tachycardia, sweating, excitability of the nervous system, eye pathologies, etc.
4. The peritibial mixema is so called a state manifested by dense eductions of legs arising due to metabolic disorders.

In all these cases, autoimmune reactions are carried out that violate the functioning of the thyroid gland. In 85% of all cases of antibodies, reveal in patients with a base disease, as well as with inflammatory processes of the thyroid gland. At the same time, their increased quantity may indicate other metabolic disorders that are not directly related to the work of the thyroid gland.

Deciphering Analysis

An analysis of the AT-TPO analysis is engaged in an endocrinologist - in the number of antibodies, the degree of violation of the work of the immune system is determined. It is recommended to carry out all persons whose relatives suffered from thyroid diseases: a tendency to violations is inherited.

However, the presence of a disease in a close relative does not guarantee that the manifestations of thyroid will necessarily arise.

Normally, the amount of antibodies to thyroid pyroxidase depends on age: in people up to 50 years old, 0.0-35.0 U / l is considered to be 0.0-35.0-100.0 e / l.

At the same time, a sharp increase in their quantity in old age does not always talk about the pathologies of the thyroid gland. It may be provoked by rheumatic diseases, and their presence should be considered when setting accurate diagnosis.

The main reasons for increasing AT-TPO:

• An autoimmune thyroiditis is an inflammatory process provoked by the actions of the body's immune system. If earlier this disease was found primarily in women of senior and middle age, now there is a tendency to rejuvenate. An autoimmune thyroiditis is noted even in children.
• Diffuse toxic goiter. Basedova disease is manifested by a whole complex of symptoms. It is treated both with traditional hormone therapy and modern surgical and methods and radioactive iodine.
• Malignant tumors of the thyroid gland. The most common variety is carcinoma, the detection of a cancer tumor requires immediate. The advantage of the analysis is that it makes it possible to diagnose cancer at an early stage when it can be successfully fighting.
• Idiopathic hypothyroidism - insufficient production of thyroid hormones, provoked by antibody activity.
• Dysfunction of the work of the thyroid gland after delivery. During this period, due to changes in the hormonal background, the endocrine system has deviations from the mother and child, therefore, especially strict control is required.

It is not always an increase in AT-TPO testifies to such terrible diseases, but even with small deviations it takes full. Autoimmune diseases do not always depend on the heredity factor, has not yet been identified any single gene, leading to the transmission of the disease to the next generation.

Preparation for analysis

Right to the analysis of AT-TPO will allow to obtain a more accurate result, and the diagnosis will help to assign proper treatment. In order for the analysis to be effective, per month cancel the reception of all designated thyroid hormones. Make it needed under the control of an endocrinologist. In addition, a few days before you need to stop taking iodine preparations.

On the eve of the contraindicated active physical activity, in addition, it is impossible to take alcohol and smoking. It is advisable to eliminate all nervous stresses, avoid experiences and overwork, as they can also negatively affect the result of the analysis.

Before the examination, you can drink only clean water. Usually, the result can be obtained the next day, after which the doctor will hold the decoding and prescribe treatment.

More information about thyroid diseases can be found from the video.

When deciphering the results, you need to consider the recommendations of each laboratory: various methods can give some deviations in the testimony. The elevated level of antibodies does not always indicate the presence of the disease: sometimes antibodies are detected in the blood of completely healthy people. To avoid erroneous diagnosis, the patient will be directed at the thyroid gland, in addition, the doctor will pay attention to the presence of clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism.