Diseases of the eyes in children 5 years old. Eye diseases in a child: symptoms, causes, treatment, signs

Children's eye diseases proceed a little differently compared to adults, because the formation of the eyes continues until the age of 14.

information The main signs accompanying eye pathology in children include anxiety, irritability, hyperexcitability.

The main types of diseases

• Nearsightedness (myopia). This disease is often observed in children, especially during the period active growth... The clarity of vision of objects in the distance is impaired, the child complains of rapid fatigue, seeks to move closer to the TV or computer, squints when watching TV programs.
• Farsightedness (hyperopia). Children who suffer from hyperopia, write and read with difficulty, fatigue quickly comes to them, complaints of headaches come, and there are cases of nausea. The child has poor vision of closely spaced objects, and also cannot clearly distinguish objects at a distance.
• At astigmatism in the child's eye there are two foci that are not in the right place. This disease strongly affects the brain cells, which leads to a condition where wearing glasses does not have the desired effect (amblyopia); the disease does not allow it correctly.
• most often develops at the age of 2-3 years and can be both vertical and divergent. With such a disease, there is no symmetry in eye movement due to a violation of the parallelism of the axes of the eyes, visual impairment is noted, and disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) and childhood neuroses appear.
• divided into viral, allergic and bacterial. This ailment is characterized by redness and pain in the eyes, sometimes even pus is released. The main symptoms include tearing, swelling of the eyelids, itching and dilated eye vessels.
• Obstruction of the lacrimal passages() manifests itself in redness of the inner corner of the eye and in purulent discharge. In this case, there is a violation of the outflow of fluid from the lacrimal sac, an inflammatory process develops.
• For damage to the cornea of ​​the eye are characteristic following signs: blurred and blurred vision, pain and cutting sensations in the eyes, purulent discharge.
• Iritis (inflammation of the iris) manifests itself in reddening of the sclera, blurring of the iris pattern, sometimes with hemorrhages. In this disease, the iris is the narrowing of the pupil. There are cases when the iris grows together with the lens.
• Spasm of accommodation of the eye ("false myopia") it is expressed by rapid fatigue and reddening of proteins with any visual load. Sometimes there is double vision and a slight decrease in sharpness of vision in the distance.
• Cataract (clouding of the lens) is often a congenital disease. It is characterized, first of all, by the color of the pupil - it is not black, but gray or whitish. At the same time, the child has inflamed eyelids, he often blinks, cannot hold his gaze on one object, rubs his eyes.

The main causes of eye diseases

Many defects of the organs of vision are manifested in childhood, and the causes of the disease can be identified as early as early age, and sometimes even before birth.

important It is important to know the structure of the eye and the functions that it performs in order to pay attention to outward signs eye disorders: notice redness, unusual appearance, take into account the color of the pupils, etc.

Eye diseases in children are as common as in adults. To form visual system the child is influenced by many factors, such as ecology, modern technology, a woman's lifestyle during pregnancy, heredity. The nature of eye diseases (etiology) in children can be different: viral diseases, injuries, burns, etc.

Their reasons may be:

• genetic features (cataract, glaucoma);
• intrauterine infections;
• eating disorder;
• prolonged stress on the child's eyes, prolonged sitting in front of the computer, insufficient illumination when reading;
• poor heredity;
• transferred;
• ingress of foreign objects;
• games with pyrotechnic items without parental supervision, etc.

7-06-2010, 21:26

Description

At an appointment with an ophthalmologist

Children's ophthalmologist(from the Greek. "Ophthalmos" - eye) is engaged in assessing the state of the organ of vision and its functions in children. More often an eye doctor is called optometrist- from the Latin word "oculus".

Many defects organ of vision, disturbing adults, arise in childhood, often the reason eye diseases is found at an early age, and sometimes even before birth.

Parents often turn to ophthalmologist to find out if everything is in order with their child's eyes, what these or those signs may mean.

A number of similar questions can be decide and yourself if you know the basics of the structure and function of the child's eyes, pay attention to unusual external signs of the structure of the eye, redness of the eyes, white color of the pupil area, etc.

But in case of diseases of the fundus, eye injuries, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Fundamentals of the structure and function of the eyes

Eye its shape resembles a table tennis ball.

Only the front is visible from the outside eyeball... This is a transparent area of ​​the outer (fibrous) membrane, called the cornea, and triangular white areas of the opaque section of the same membrane - the sclera.

Through cornea you can see the deeper outer choroid, more precisely, its beautiful front part - the iris, which for each person has an individual pattern and color.

There is a round hole in the center of the iris - pupil... The posterior parts of the outer and choroid are not visible. Most of the choroid, deep in the eyeball, is lined by the inner membrane - the retina.

The space between the cornea and the iris (anterior chamber) is occupied by transparent aqueous humor. Behind the iris is the crystalline lens, a biconvex biological magnifying lens that has the size of a pea. The main volume inside the eye is filled with a transparent, colorless, gelatinous vitreous body.

The eyeball is often simplistically compared to a camera. Like a camera body, the sclera shapes and protects what is inside this fragile device.

Cornea like the front lens in the lens condenser, gathers into a beam light rays, the choroid acts as a diaphragm.

The horizontal section of the eyeball and, like a cassette, protects from excess light the "holy of holies" of the eye - the retina, which can be compared to an extremely sensitive photographic film.

Horizontal section of the eyeball

The proverb says: “ Take care of your eyes like a diamond».

The diamond is stored in a box with soft foam rubber under it. Such a protective case for eyeball the bone cavity serves - the orbit, lined with fatty tissue.

Each eyeball is suspended in the orbit on six muscles, the contraction of which simultaneously turns both eyes towards the object in question. In front, the orbit is covered by the musculocutaneous folds - the upper and lower eyelids. Eyebrows grow over the upper eyelids, preventing moisture from rolling off the forehead. At the edges of the eyelids, there are eyelashes and glandular outlet openings. The visible anterior parts of the sclera and the posterior surface of the eyelids are covered with the conjunctiva, a thin mucous membrane, just as in the mouth the gums and lips are under a thin transparent mucosa.

Eye constantly moistened by numerous small imperceptible lacrimal glands of the conjunctiva. Tears with profuse flow and with crying are also produced by the large lacrimal gland located under the upper-outer edge of the orbit.

Tears roll down to the inner commissure of the eyelids. Near the inner corner of each eyelid is the lacrimal opening, which begins the lacrimal canal, which flows into the lacrimal sac. Further, the lacrimal ducts open into the nasal cavity, where the tear eventually flows down. Therefore, when a person cries, he begins to squelch.

If there are a lot of tears, they do not have time to enter the nose and flow down the cheeks.

Work eyes in the act of sight resembles the microphone function when recording sound.

The most difficult path just begins with the retina visual perception, in which the optic nerves, partially intersecting with each other (this formation is called chiasm), visual pathways in the tissues of the brain, subcortical visual centers and bundles leading from them to the spur groove of the occipital lobe of the brain - the cortical center visual analyzer... It is in this place in the cerebral cortex that the final perception of what we see is formed.

Lacrimal organs

Visual acuity and its definition

One of basic functions of the eye - visual acuity, or the ability to recognize the smallest objects at the maximum distance.

It is believed that a person who can count the fingers on his hand from a distance of 50 m sees well... In this case, the angle between the retina and the sides of the finger has a width of 1 minute. This ability - to see from an angle of view equal to 1 minute - is called a unit (1.0), or, as they sometimes very simplistically say, 100% vision.

When viewing objects at the same distance visual acuity the higher, the smaller the objects can be viewed. That is, the higher the visual acuity, the greater the distance a person can see objects of the same size.

Typically, tests to check visual acuity are placed at a distance of 5 m. Most often, a table is used for this purpose. Sivtseva-Golovina... If we look at it from a distance of 5 m, then a visual acuity equal to one corresponds to a clear vision of the tenth line from the top.

If a person sees the signs of only the first line, this corresponds to vision reduced by 10 times, that is, 0.1.

When determined according to the Sivtsev-Golovin table from a five-meter distance, the visual acuity when seeing each subsequent row of letters is higher by 0.1.

So, if the child distinguishes only the letters of the third row, his visual acuity is 0.3. In tables, instead of letters, there may be rings of different sizes with a gap, by the distinction of which one can judge visual acuity.

For the examination of children who do not know the letter, it is widespread. Before determining the vision of such a child, you should bring him to the table and check if he names the pictures correctly. It should be borne in mind that children's attention is quickly depleted.

Visual functions of children's eyes have a long ripening period.

For children three years old visual acuity 0.2-0.3 can be considered normal.

For four year olds it is 0.6.

And by the time school enrollment visual acuity the child reaches 0.7-0.8.

If a child is not able to distinguish from a distance of 5 m, the first line of the table, that is, his vision is less than 0.1, then fingers should be shown to him from different distances.

Ability to count fingers from a distance of every meter is regarded as 0.02: counts fingers from one meter - 0.02, from two - 0.04, from three - 0.06, from four - 0.08. If the child does not have object vision and is unable to distinguish between fingers, but sees only a hand near his face, his visual acuity is 0.001.

If a child does not even distinguish light, his vision is equal to zero (0), but if there is light perception, visual acuity is regarded as 1.

How to determine if he sees infant?

To do this, you need to check whether his pupil reacts to the bright light electric flashlight.

Aged one month the child usually watches objects moving at a distance of 20-40 cm from his eyes. TO three to four months he already sees objects more distant from him, and in four-six months, the baby visually reacts to familiar faces. If the baby does not see what other children of his age can see, parents should show him pediatric ophthalmologist at.

When the vision of each eye is examined separately, the other eye should be covered.

Unequal reaction to turning off the right and left eyes means the difference in their visual acuity.

An important, but not the only condition good vision is the need for rays coming from objects to connect exactly on the retina. This is possible if the length of the eye matches the strength of its optics - refraction. The proportionality of the length and optics of the eye is called emmetropia, the disproportion is called ametropia.

If the eye is small or the optics are weak, the parallel rays will converge only behind the retina, and the image on it will be blurred. The closer to such an eye the object he is observing, the more the rays from it will converge further from the retina and the worse a person with weak refraction sees. Since he sees distant objects better than close ones, he is called farsighted.

Some eye length too great or the power of its refractive optics is too strong, so parallel rays from distant objects converge in the eye, not having time to reach the retina. Only divergent rays from closely spaced objects can collect on the retina.

Therefore, such refraction called myopia- myopia... "Minus" glasses placed in front of the eye can compensate for vision in case of myopia, separate the rays and make refraction weaker. With farsightedness, beams with a converging direction could connect on the retina before they enter the eye. But there are no such rays in nature.

Collecting rays can be created artificially - by attaching a convex "plus" glass to the eye. The figure shows the change in the path of the rays when the glasses are in front of the eyes with different kinds disproportionate refraction. To some extent, the eye itself can change its refractive power when examining objects at different distances. This is possible due to the fact that the curvature changes, and, consequently, the refractive power of the lens.

The path of the rays and the visibility of the observed object at different distances from the eye

Such an adaptation (focusing) of the eye to seeing at different distances is called accommodation.

If a child poorly sees far-lying objects, and when minus glasses are placed in front of the eye, his vision improves, he probably myopic.

Farsighted the child, thanks to the tension of his accommodation, copes with distance vision more often. But looking at close objects for a long time, he can quickly get tired, since his accommodation is not enough to bring very diverging rays on the retina.

If, when looking at a child into the distance, a convex glass is attached to the eye does not impair his vision, does not artificially create myopia, it is likely that the child is farsighted. In addition to such simple, but subjective methods depending on the answers of the subject, there are also objective methods for determining refraction, which can only be applied by a doctor.

Only an ophthalmologist can correctly determine refraction and answer the question of whether a child needs glasses.

Myopia

Myopia not the same in time of onset, degree of refraction enhancement, complications and prognosis for vision.

Doctors distinguish three types of myopia:

- the usual school myopia,

Congenital myopia

Myopic disease.

Most children suffer school myopia, which usually begins during the period when the child is still in lower grades schools. It intensifies slowly and rarely reaches high degrees by adulthood. Anatomical disorders of the eye in school myopia are either absent or very insignificant.

Table lamp power of 60 V t illuminating workplace child, it is recommended to cover green lampshade.

In the class of a short-sighted child, it is desirable put on the middle row closer to the board.

The child is allowed to watch TV or work with a computer no more than 1 hour a day. The monitor should not stand in front of a window that reflects on the screen.

An important role is played by good nutrition staying in the fresh air not less than 1.5 hours in a day.

Nearsighted children exercise is useful but acceptable for a nearsighted child physical activity can only be determined by a doctor. Depending on the degree of myopia due to great stress and the possibility of injury, a number of sports are contraindicated: boxing, wrestling, weightlifting.

Nearsighted children sometimes medications are prescribed, which, according to a number of doctors, are designed to improve the nutrition of the eye and strengthen its membranes and blood vessels. However, even without active intervention in most children, the progression of school myopia slows down on its own and further stops by adulthood. Therefore, at the current level of capabilities of medical science and practice, any very active intervention (especially surgical) in order to restore high vision in school myopia must be treated very carefully.

Sometimes myopia arises from birth. This is the so-called congenital myopia. In such children, the degree of myopia is high and usually there are pronounced anatomical changes in the eye. The disease is diagnosed by the age of one to three years. It rarely progresses, that is, the degree of such myopia. Accommodation rarely increases with age.

Accommodation

At myopic disease the degree of myopia that began at any age increases very quickly. The glasses have to be changed more often than once a year. At the same time, it is not possible to achieve satisfactory visual acuity even with strong corrective glasses. The doctor detects changes in the fundus early - symptoms of degenerative damage to the retina and optic nerve.

If the rays cannot collect at one point of the retina due to the fact that the refraction in different sections of the eye is not the same, refraction is called astigmatism. The image in such cases remains blurry when any spherical glasses are placed on the eye, and only cylindrical glasses can correct this defect.

Define refraction and it is difficult to prescribe the appropriate optical aid due to the fact that young people have very strong accommodation, that is, the lens, constantly changing its curvature, changes refractive indices.

With prolonged excessive stress child accommodation(for example, with frequent examination of small objects at a very close distance, reading in low light, and the like), a temporary increase in refraction occurs. This is a spasm of accommodation, which is also called false myopia.

To determine what kind of refraction a child actually has, he has to instill drops of atropine into the eye slits, temporarily eliminating the ability to accommodate. Having lost accommodation after the instillation of atropine, the child may notice that he has become worse to see at close range; the child's pupils become wide and stop narrowing towards light. All these phenomena are not dangerous and soon disappear. Sometimes after the instillation of atropine, the child's face may turn red.

To reduce the possibility of such a phenomenon, the child should often be given water or milk to drink.

Many children with disproportionate refraction you have to use glasses.

In no case should you buy glasses for children without a medical prescription!

It is very important to choose comfortable spectacle frame so that the child is less uncomfortable when wearing glasses. It is important that the bridge of the frame corresponds to the width of the bridge of the child's nose, and the temples of the glasses hold them firmly on the face and at the same time do not press behind the ears.

The main part of the glasses- lenses. They can be made of glass or plastic. Plastic lenses are lighter in weight, they break less often, but they are scratched much faster. Which lenses to prefer is not so important.

It is important that their plane in glasses is parallel to the corneas, and the optical centers of the lenses correspond to the centers of the pupils. And, of course, the lenses must be of the right strength.

Rules for the use of glasses

To reduce the risk of deterioration, glasses should be stored in a hard case.

Glasses must not be placed with the lenses facing down.

From time to time glasses should be washed with warm water and soap and wiped with a special clean cloth.

Teens sometimes prefer vision correction with contact lenses... Nowadays, it is much more difficult for children to care for contact lenses than for glasses. Their use, individual storage and sterilization are taught by the doctor who has selected contact lenses of a certain company, he will also recommend the means of care for these lenses.

Diseases of the eyes

Strabismus

Strabismus- this is the non-parallel position of the eyeballs when looking into the distance. This is one of the most common parenting concerns.

False impression strabismus in an infant under one year old may occur due to the oblique direction of his eye slits. To make a preliminary diagnosis, you can direct the light of a flashlight into the child's face: in the absence of strabismus, the light will be symmetrically located on the black background of the pupils of the right and left eyes.

The true strabismus- Not only cosmetic defect but health problems.

Cause of strabismus- a disorder in the coordinated activity of the muscles of the right and left eyes. Inconsistency can be based on both structural disorders of the muscles themselves and disorders of nervous regulation. joint activities these muscles. Therefore, such a child should be consulted as early as possible by an ophthalmologist and a neurologist.

If the cause is not related to neurological problems, the correction of strabismus will be dealt with ophthalmologist... It will determine whether the same image is transmitted to the brain from the same object by the right and left eyes, that is, whether there is full binocular vision. If binocularity is impaired, the image may bifurcate, then the child's brain will try to turn its eyes so that a signal from the worst eye is not sent to it.

Therefore, with strabismus ophthalmologist First of all, he tries to use glasses to make the visual acuity of each eye equally high. If glasses alone fail to improve the visual acuity of the worst eye (this is called amblyopia), the ophthalmologist forces the brain to develop the amblyopic eye by training.

In most cases, this is achieved with a sticker or drops that temporarily turn off information from better eye: The worst (amblyopic) eye, forced to work hard, increases its visual acuity. When the child's brain begins to receive a double image again, then by special exercises they are merged into a single stable volumetric image.

Strabismus treatment- a task of several years, requiring very great efforts from both the child and his parents. Eyeglass wear and eye exercises are not uncommon surgery on the oculomotor muscles, then eye exercises are again prescribed.

Experts believe that with persistent treatment, binocular vision and parallel eye position can be restored in more than half of the mowed children.

If the eye is outwardly different from everyone's

When examining their child, parents sometimes notice any unusual signs of the structure of the eyes in him.

Normal appearance eye

The inner corner of the eye slits can be covered by a fold of eyelid skin called epicanthus... This innocent fold is very common in newborn babies, and then with the increase in their nasal back, it usually disappears - by about one year of age. Sometimes it is just a cosmetic feature of certain human races.

Epicanthus

The absence of a part of the eyelid - a coloboma of the eyelid - requires a mandatory consultation with a doctor, since if a part of the cornea is constantly exposed, it can dry out.

Coloboma of the upper right eyelid

Descent of the century - ptosis of the eyelid and non-closure of the eyelid - lagophthalmos can be the result of damage to the child's nervous system and require medical advice.

At the same time, newborn babies open their eyes a little, as they sleep almost constantly. In many healthy babies, the eyelids remain open during sleep - there is nothing to worry about.

Ptosis of the right upper eyelid

Lagophthalmos of the left eye

The edges of the eyelids and lashes can be curled to the side eyeball, this is - volvulus... Or, conversely, the mucous membrane of the eyelids and eyelashes are separated from the eye, this is - eversion of the eyelids.

Such states usually not dangerous, but inversion of the eyelids can lead to scratching of the cornea with eyelashes, and eversion can lead to drying of the mucous membrane. How much it is necessary to immediately intervene in these conditions, the doctor will decide.

Lower left eyelid volvulus

Inversion of the upper right eyelid

Increasing the size of the entire century or part of it can be caused by edema... With edema, the skin of the eyelid shines; if the edema is inflammatory, the skin turns red. Swelling of the eyelids occurs quite easily and can quickly change in size. Why edema has occurred and what should be done in such cases, the doctor must decide.

Tumors of the eyelids are rare in children. They appear in the form of sedentary limited formations - dermoids, lymphangiomas.

Dermoid- dense benign formation near the corner of the eyelids.

Lymphangioma- colorless elastic formation, it is usually indistinctly limited, deforms the palpebral fissure. Such formations grow slowly, the color of the skin above them does not change. The child should be seen by an ophthalmologist, as these benign tumors can be confused with other diseases that require active treatment.

Sometimes the child enlarged eyelid or its area has a pigment-altered color, this is a manifestation of a pigmented tumor - nevus... A timely consultation with a specialist will allow you to choose the right tactics - observation or active treatment.

Retention of the eyeball from the orbit- exophthalmos or retraction of the eye in it - enophthalmos occur due to a change in the volume of the contents of the orbit. Examination by a specialist will show how dangerous these changes are for vision, and sometimes for the child's life.

Sometimes at baby significant change in the diameter of the cornea.

Why is the size of the corneas changed, is it a decrease in the entire eye - microphthalmos or an increase in the entire eye - hydrophthalmos?

An increase in the size of the cornea in a child over 11 mm is often caused by an increase in intraocular pressure - childhood glaucoma. it serious disease eye, leading to significant loss of vision, necessarily requires observation and treatment by an experienced ophthalmologist!

An ultrasound or modern X-ray examination allows you to accurately determine the size of the cornea and the entire eyeball.

Hydrophthalmos on the right

Microphthalmos on the right

Change in the shape of the pupils in a child may occur due to adhesions of the iris to the lens - synechium, and also be a manifestation of incomplete overgrowth of the embryonic fissure of the eye before birth - colobomas of the iris.

Sinekhin on the left eye

Sinekhin on the left eye

Red eyelids and eyes

Causes of eye redness and eyelids can be a variety of diseases.

Red staining skin age of the newborn may be due to subcutaneous hemorrhage during childbirth, and benign tumor - hemangiomas... Usually, hemangioma of the eyelids gradually becomes paler with age, its size decreases, and it can disappear on its own. If such a spot is enlarged, one should resort to surgical or radiation treatment.

In cases where baby eyelid skin before it was normal, and then blushed, one should think about skin inflammation - dermatitis caused by drugs, food allergies, and in adolescence and the use of cosmetics. If, in addition to redness, there is swelling, pain, disturbances in the movement of the eyelid, then an inflammatory cause of the changes is likely. Swelling and redness of the eyelid skin may also be the result of an insect bite.

Inflammation of the edges of the eyelids - blepharitis- manifested by redness and thickening of the edges of the eyelids, scales on them, loss of eyelashes, a feeling of itching of the eyelids. The cause of this disease is inflammation of the glands located in the edge of the eyelids, which occurs with general diseases, carious teeth, hypoavitaminosis, and poor sanitary conditions. Children with blepharitis should be checked for worms. One of the common causes of blepharitis can be demodex mites.

Uncorrected refractive errors can also be the source of this long-term, difficult-to-treat disease.

Blepharitis in both eyes

Barley- limited inflammation of one or two sebaceous glands of the eyelids. On the edge of the eyelids, point painful redness, swelling, then an abscess appear. Barley it can increase in volume and open up on its own, it can dissolve on its own or turn into a round, chronic, low-inflammatory formation in the cartilage - hail.

With an increase in inflammation in barley, the parotid and submandibular The lymph nodes, the body temperature rises, the general condition of the child worsens.

Treatment consists in warming up the barley area with dry heat (heating pad, UHF), instilling a 20% or 30% solution of sodium sulfacil (albucid) into the palpebral fissure.

Do not squeeze out the barley or apply a compress and bandages on it!

The doctor may also prescribe general anti-inflammatory treatment.

Barley on the upper eyelid of the right eye

At enlargement of barley inflammation can spread to the entire eyelid, it swells sharply, reddens. it eyelid abscess - serious illness requiring medical attention.

Redness of the eyes most often caused by inflammation of the mucous membrane covering the front of the eyeball and the back of the eyelids, - conjunctivitis... Along with redness, photophobia, lacrimation, mucopurulent discharge, a feeling of sand in the eyes are noted.

Conjunctivitis in both eyes (eyelids of the right eye are everted)

The main cause of conjunctivitis- irritation of the mucous membrane and infection. Conjunctivitis often accompanied by acute inflammation respiratory tract... Detached from the eye slits glues the eyelashes, swollen edges of the eyelids. First of all, you need to treat a common disease.

Conjunctivitis is usually treated as follows.

The eyes are freed from purulent discharge by washing the eyelids with a solution of "..." a or potassium permanganate (1: 5000).

A strong tea brew can be used instead of these pharmaceuticals.

Drops with a solution of sulfonamides or antibiotics are instilled into the eye slits every two hours.

Hands should be washed frequently with soap. Infection through common household items, towels, bed linen from the mucous membrane of sick eyes can be transmitted to healthy people, so the patient should have a separate towel.

At conjunctivitis cannot be blindfolded, as this creates conditions for the rapid multiplication of microbes.

Usually conjunctivitis heals within a week, however, a number of forms of this disease have their own characteristics of the course and duration.

Have newborn picture of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes may occur at the age of 2-3 days due to infection with gonococci from the birth canal of the mother. This disease is called gonoblenorrhea.

For gonorrheal conjunctivitis, in addition to redness of the mucous membrane of the eyelids and eyeballs, dense swelling of the eyelids and profuse bloody-purulent discharge are characteristic. Such edema of the neonatal mucosa is extremely dangerous, as it leads to a malnutrition of the cornea, its ulceration and perforation.

As a result gonococci all membranes and environments of the eye can be infected. Blindness can be the result of gonorrheal inflammation of the eye. In order to prevent the baby from developing such eye infections, immediately after birth, a 20% solution of sodium sulfacil (albucid) is instilled into both eye slits. With timely and correct treatment, the disease quickly passes.

However, when conjunctivitis with films that are difficult to remove, diphtheria conjunctivitis should be considered. The patient should be hospitalized to actively treat him for this extremely life-threatening disease.

Chronic conjunctivitis occurs due to constant eye irritation with dust, allergies to the use of cosmetics, improper spectacle correction, diseases of the teeth or gastrointestinal tract. In infants, purulent conjunctivitis can last for a very long time if the mucous membrane is constantly infected with microbes from the clogged lacrimal ducts. This disease is called dacryocystitis.

Dacryocystitis on the left

Usually by the time of birth the obstacle in these paths dissolves. If this did not happen, the tear does not find a way out and conditions are created for the development of infection.

The main symptom of dacryocystitis- the appearance of tears or pus from the lacrimal openings when pressing on the area of ​​the lacrimal sac. To disinfect the mucous membrane, antimicrobial agents are instilled into the palpebral fissure. In the absence of a result from the repeated daily massage of the lacrimal passages prescribed by the doctor, designed to push out the plug, they resort to surgical procedures.

Redness of the eye can be a manifestation of inflammation of the sclera - sclerita... In such cases, the redness is not very bright, painful, limited to a small area of ​​the sclera. The common causes of scleritis are allergies, acute or chronic infections.

Scleritis on the right eye

Corneal inflammation - keratitis- enough frequent illness... Unlike conjunctivitis, keratitis redness is most pronounced near the cornea. But a vivid symptom of this disease is violation of the transparency of the cornea... Keratitis occurs more often as a consequence of conjunctivitis, caused by various microorganisms, allergens, injuries. Many common diseases can also be the cause of keratitis. Any keratitis must be treated by a doctor.

Keratitis of the right eye

Redness of the eyeball characteristic of diseases of the choroid of the eyes. These diseases are called iritis, iridocyclitis, uveitis... Inflammatory diseases of the choroid are very dangerous, with a significant decrease in visual functions.

Iritis of the right eye

Pupil white

Parents need to pay attention to child's pupils... Normally, the area of ​​the pupils is black in color, since through transparent optics the deep parts of the eye appear black. But if there is something opaque in deep optical media, the color of the pupil appears light.

The reason for the white color of the pupil most often is cataract- clouding of the lens. It is clear that the child will be very difficult to see through a cloudy lens.

The causes of the disease. Cataract in children more often occurs even in the prenatal period due to hereditary reasons or mother's illness during pregnancy.

There is a high risk of cataracts in an unborn baby, if his mother had rubella during pregnancy.

The reason for the clouding of the lens can also be metabolic disorders of the child. In this case, a baby born without eye pathology gradually fades, and his pupils become gray. Therefore, it is advisable to show the infant to an ophthalmologist.

Complete cataract of the right eye

Partial cataract of the right eye

The appearance of a light color of the pupil is especially dangerous. deep beyond the iris... Parents may notice a white, gray, or yellow glow in the area of ​​the pupil when the child's eyes are turned in a certain direction. In most cases, such a child also has poor vision.

This is a very formidable sign, it is necessary to immediately show the baby to an ophthalmologist, since this symptom in young children can be caused by a tumor of the retina - retinoblastoma... Such malignant tumor dangerous not only for the eye, but also for the life of the child. Retinoblastoma can be inherited.

Children who were born prematurely with a very low body weight (usually less than 2000 g) and received long-term inhalation of oxygen during nursing may also experience white color of the pupils.

Such a pathology - retinopathy of prematurity, unlike retigublastoma, is not life threatening, but it is very dangerous for vision. If the disease is detected early (and it usually appears a month after birth), doctors try to treat it. Therefore, a deeply premature baby must often, at least once a month, be shown to an eye doctor in order to detect the first signs of the disease as early as possible and begin treatment.

There are a number of other diseases that, after a long course, sometimes appear as a white pupil. These are retinal detachments and opacities of the vitreous body, caused by various reasons.

Diseases found in the fundus

Changes in deep in the eye very often nothing, except for a decrease in visual functions (acuity, field of vision, color perception and light perception), do not manifest themselves and are not noticeable during external examination. But the cause of these disorders can often be determined only by a doctor in the fundus.

Therefore, an ophthalmologist always examines the bottom of his patients' eyes (ophthalmoscopes). With ophthalmoscopy, a circle of the fundus area is visible. Its red color is due to the translucence of the red choroid through the colorless retina. Against this background, there is a disc - the end part of the optic nerve.

To the disc, the tone is like threads, the vessels of the retina. In the very center of the bottom there is a small depression - the central fossa. Her diseases lead to a significant drop in visual acuity.

Violations of the red color of the bottom periphery occur as a result of diseases of the deep parts of the eye or the whole organism. The bottom of the eye is the place where the doctor directly sees the nerve and blood vessels of his patient. Therefore, doctors of many specialties, when making a diagnosis to a child, are interested in the result of an examination of the fundus.

Eye injury

Eye injuries in children are extremely dangerous. Eye damage is easier to prevent than to cure. Typically, eye injuries in children arise from lack of adult attention.

Strong blow with a blunt object to the eye area often leads to swelling and hemorrhage under the skin of the eyelids. Even when there is no visible violation of the integrity of the CFR membranes, a child who has received such a contusion should be shown to a doctor. It may turn out that he has seriously damaged the bones of the orbit, membranes and contents of the eyeball.

It is all the more dangerous when, upon receiving a mechanical injury, the integrity of the skin of the eyelids, mucous membranes, sclera and cornea is disturbed - injury.

Prevention of eye injuries

To prevent the infant from injuring his eyes with his own nails, they must be cut off in time.

When giving a child a toy, you need to think if he can injure his eye with it. Items made of breakable materials with sharp edges and corners often cause severe eye damage especially if it falls into the hands of babies. Sold toys usually say what age they are for. Toys such as ball pistols, slingshots, bows and the like can cause great misfortune.

It is necessary to remove needles, pins, nails, scissors, knives, forks and other piercing and cutting objects out of the reach of small children.

It is necessary to teach the child that carpentry and turning work requires certain general and personal means to protect the eyes from mechanical injury - screens, glasses.

Mechanical trauma happens as a result of a foreign body entering the eye slit: dust particles, pieces of coal, metal, fragments of an emery wheel.

Even a foreign body lying superficially in the palpebral fissure causes photophobia, lacrimation, constriction of the eyelids, and sharp pain. It may be under the eyelid or on the cornea. It is not recommended to remove it yourself, as it can cause serious complications. If this happens, a bandage should be applied to the eye and the child should be brought to a doctor in a supine position as soon as possible.

Eye burns

Extremely dangerous eye burns.

Children get thermal burns using firecrackers and other pyrotechnic devices without parental supervision, setting fire to flammable and explosive substances.

In case of any thermal burn, the victim must be brought to a doctor as soon as possible.

Chemicals entering the eye slit cause chemical burns... They also lead to very serious consequences.

Alkali and acid burns cause corrosion of the tissues of the eye. When chemical burn you should immediately start rinsing the eye with a stream of water for at least 5-10 minutes. For acid burns early neutralization with a solution of soda works well, and in case of alkaline burns, it is advisable to start rinsing with citric or boric acid.

It happens that children get burned aniline dyes- with aniline pencil lead, ink. In such cases, it is necessary to rinse the eyes with tanning agents, such as strong tea.

Children love to watch the flash of electric welding. In this case, radiation burn, manifested by severe pain in the eyes, photophobia, lacrimation. In this case, cold lotions help, and the symptoms usually go away quickly on their own.

We must firmly grasp that for any burns to the eyes of a child see a doctor as soon as possible!

Even if you have no complaints about the condition of the child's eyes it should still be shown to an ophthalmologist periodically.

Children are perhaps the most unprotected group of people in terms of the occurrence of certain health problems. This is largely due to the fact that little children constantly undergo changes in the body associated with its development and weakening the immune system.

However, this tendency does not apply to eye diseases at all, because the order of their formation in children is different. In more detail about why the development of vision pathologies in babies occurs, which of them are more common and how to treat them, we will talk in the article below.

Eye diseases in children can be both congenital and acquired

It's not a secret for anyone that the body of children is actively formed up to 10-12 years old, after which it acquires a more or less familiar organization for a person relatively. Vision in this regard was no exception, so the presence of minor problems with it in childhood may well be considered the norm.

Naturally, if the pathology is not serious and manifests itself only in minor violations of visual function. As a rule, they completely disappear by the age of 10-15 and do not cause any discomfort to the baby.

However, the situation described above does not take place in every case when a child complains of poor eyesight. It should be understood that it is unacceptable to exclude real eye dysfunction. In children, as in adults, eye pathologies are divided into two large groups:

• Congenital, that is, observed at the time of the birth of the baby.
• Acquired, which began to develop during the life of the child.

Due to the young age of the children, most often they are observed congenital diseases eye. According to official statistics from ophthalmology, such vision pathologies are observed in 30% of preschoolers and are diagnosed precisely at the age of 7-8 years.

As for the essence of acquired eye ailments, they practically do not appear in preschoolers and are often detected in children in the age group from 7 to 14 years old. The appearance of these vision pathologies is associated either with or with an unfavorable effect on them from environmental factors (TV, gadgets, incorrect reading, etc.).

Regardless of the nature of eye diseases in children, it is important to treat them in a timely manner and in to the fullest, since such a measure often helps to give a person good eyesight for the rest of his life. If you ignore the treatment of pathology or carry it out in the wrong format, you can give the child tremendous discomfort in further life or even make it impossible to see.

Frequent pathologies

Eye diseases can cause headaches and moodiness

In general, speaking about eye diseases in children, it is rather difficult to identify specific types of ailments. The fact is that in "little" people the list of pathologies encountered is completely similar to that found in adults.

Despite this, in medical practice it is customary to distinguish a number of vision pathologies that appear in the children's group of patients much more often. In particular, these include:

• Refractive errors manifested as hyperopia or myopia. The essence of such diseases is such that the child's vision is impaired only when focusing on distant or near objects. Ailments of this kind can be both acquired and congenital, but in any case they are associated with a violation of the refractive function of the eyes. You should not be afraid of myopia and hyperopia, since these pathologies are excellent for treatment.
• Astigmatism, which is general violation visual function, as a result of which the child's visual acuity is lost. The development of this ailment is associated with anatomical abnormalities in the form of the cornea or lens. Astigmatism is often congenital, however, its appearance in the process of a baby's life is not excluded. The pathology is served to treatment, but it is a little more complicated than the same problems with refraction of the eyes.
• associated with a violation of the parallelism of the optical axes of the eyes. This ailment significantly spoils the baby's visual acuity and is always congenital. Therapy lends itself to and requires proper attention, as it is able to actively develop during the child's life.
• Conjunctivitis, manifested as inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes or the individual eye. Such a pathology is always acquired and is associated either with an allergic reaction of the organ, or with a viral or bacterial infection... - a completely harmless ailment, of course, if its therapy is organized in a timely manner and in due measure. Otherwise, it is capable of developing into more serious eye pathologies that can deprive the baby of sight.
• Obstruction of the lacrimal passages, which is associated with their defeat by some infection. In essence, this ailment, like conjunctivitis, is not at all dangerous, but due attention and timely therapy always requires.
  Damage to the cornea, often developing due to the ingress of a foreign body on it. Again, they are not particularly dangerous, but it is important to get rid of them in a timely manner. Otherwise, the risk of developing serious lesions of the corneal tissue of the eyes is quite high.
• Iritis, which is inflammation. In the course of the course, this ailment can partially impair the baby's visual acuity, however, as therapy proceeds, its clarity will surely return. If you ignore the treatment of iritis, then the child can acquire quite serious vision problems.
• Accommodation spasm, which is often called "false myopia." Such a spasm appears due to problems in the work of the ciliary muscle of the eye, which is often provoked by stresses in the life of a child. For therapy this ailment it is enough to visit a psychotherapist and an ophthalmologist, as well as organize therapy according to their recommendations, after which the spasm will subside. Otherwise, there is some risk of serious problems with the ciliary system of the eye.

Other pathologies with vision also take place in the life of some children, however, they appear much less often, so we will not consider them in detail. Note that about 85-90% of all "children's" visits to an ophthalmologist are associated precisely with the presence of one of the diseases described above in the baby.

Symptoms of vision problems in a child

Eye diseases in children: conjunctivitis

Little guys, due to their age or some lack of intelligence, often cannot convey to their parents that they have a visual impairment.

Given this nuance, mothers and fathers should constantly monitor their children in order to timely identify the presence of certain pathologies and organize their therapy by contacting a doctor.

Eye diseases in babies have more than characteristic signs therefore, it will not be difficult for any parent to determine whether they are available. As a rule, the symptoms of vision problems in a baby are one of the following:

• frequent blinking and "grating" of the eyes;
• the constant desire of the baby, when focusing his vision on objects, either to move closer to them, or, on the contrary, to move away;
• systematic headaches and moodiness in a child;
• unwillingness on his part to read, draw or play with small toys;
• the inability of the baby to see things;
• the presence of pronounced defects in the structure of the eye or both eyes.

Having noticed one or a couple of the signs described above in their child, any parent should be alert and show it to a professional ophthalmologist.

Do not forget that only a doctor can accurately determine the presence or absence of vision problems in a baby and, if necessary, organize the correct course of therapy.

Diagnosis of the disease and taking anamnesis

Parents should monitor the health of the baby's peephole!

Let's say the need to show the child to an ophthalmologist has been confirmed. What will await the baby in the future? Definitely, it's okay. In general, he, together with his mom or dad, will have to visit the clinic once or twice and go through the following diagnostic stages:

• An examination, during which the specialist will try to identify visible defects in the eyes or the possibility of their presence.
• , during which the ophthalmologist will search for all kinds of information about the appearance and course of pathology in the baby. Here the greatest role is played by a conversation with the child's parents and, if possible, with him. In the process of collecting anamnesis, it is important for the doctor to find out the moment of the onset of the disease, its symptoms, the baby's predisposition to the development of eye pathologies and other information that can potentially be useful in diagnosing the disease or organizing its therapy.
• Passing some examinations, the need for which was confirmed or indicated during examination and collection of anamnesis. As a rule, diagnostics of the internal structure of the eyes, their refractive function and other qualitative characteristics of the organ are prescribed.

As a result of the implementation of these measures, the child will most likely be given an accurate diagnosis, according to which a specific course of therapy will be prescribed. Fortunately, modern technologies help to identify as accurately as possible dysfunctions in all parts of the eye or its individual functions, which makes it possible to organize the most effective treatment diseases.

Principles of organizing therapy

Eye diseases in children: examination by an ophthalmologist

At the end of today's material, let's pay attention to general principles organization of therapy eye diseases in children. Firstly, it is worth noting that those are determined solely from the severity of the pathology in the baby.

That is, the more severe the course of the disease, the more serious methods of therapy will have to be applied. At the moment, in the field of ophthalmology, such treatment measures are used as:

• Reception medications, which occurs in cases with infectious or allergic lesion eye.
• Appointment of corrective procedures for vision. These include wearing glasses, performing special gymnastics and similar activities.
• Carrying out laser correction of visual function, which consists in the impact on the affected area of ​​the eyes with a special laser.
• Surgical intervention, used in the most advanced or difficult cases, when other methods of treating eye pathologies cannot be used.

Note that the appointment of any type of treatment is the exclusive prerogative of the doctor, therefore, visiting the ophthalmological office with suspected eye diseases in a baby simply cannot be avoided.

I would like to believe that every reader of our resource understands the seriousness of this procedure and will not ignore the correct organization of therapy for vision problems in their children.

On this, perhaps, on the issue under consideration today, the most important information came to an end. We hope the above material was useful to you. Health to you and your children!

The video will introduce you to the prevention of eye diseases:

Ophthalmologist consultation from 1350 rubles.

Each child is born with not yet formed vision, and his development occurs during the first fourteen years of life. This explains some of the features of the course of eye diseases in childhood. In particular, eye pathologies in children, with timely detection, are easier to correct and have a more favorable prognosis than diseases that arose in adulthood after the completion of vision formation.

Common visual impairments in children

One of the most common ophthalmic diseases developing during the period of active growth of a child is myopia ()... Pathology can be either congenital or acquired, resulting from prolonged stress on the organs of vision, excessive enthusiasm for a computer, reading in poor lighting, etc. With myopia, the child begins to see poorly in the distance, development is also possible dystrophic changes fundus. If you notice signs of deterioration in vision in a child, we recommend that you contact our company, which accurately diagnoses the pathology and will correct it.

The doctors of the clinic will help to prevent eye diseases of the baby on early stages and provide timely treatment if visual impairment is detected.

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In the event that the child sees into the distance well enough, but poorly near, we will talk about hyperopia, that is, farsightedness... If, with myopia, the eyeball is lengthened, then with hyperopia, on the contrary, it is shortened, as a result of which the image is defocused. The disease can develop both due to a hereditary predisposition, and after infections, injuries, as well as due to non-compliance with safety standards when working at a computer, lack of vitamins in the body, etc. You may notice that the child gets tired quickly, has difficulty reading and writing. Correction of vision with farsightedness, as well as with myopia, occurs with the help of glasses.

It is worth noting that mild hyperopia is present in most newborns, and by the age of eight it normally disappears completely. If this does not happen, often this pathology is also joined by strabismus characterized by asymmetric, uncoordinated eye movement. Various defects of the ocular muscular apparatus and oculomotor nerves can lead to strabismus. Your baby's risk of developing the disease may be increased if you have any infectious diseases, the child has suffered physical and mental trauma, suffers from myopia or hyperopia. It is the timely treatment of these two pathologies that is an effective prevention of strabismus.

Inflammatory diseases

Separately, you can consider inflammatory and infectious diseases eyes that our little patients often have to deal with. With inflammation of one or more membranes of the eye, diseases such as , uveitis and keratitis.

Their causes can be allergic reactions, infection with a microbial infection, poor eye hygiene, etc.

As a rule, it is not difficult to detect an inflammatory process. Most likely, we are talking about one of the above diseases, if the child's eyes are very watery, especially in bright light, redness and pus are observed. In this case, you should consult an ophthalmologist. The doctor of our clinic will conduct the necessary research and determine the nature of the disease.

So, if we are talking about conjunctivitis, it can be allergic, viral or bacterial, the treatment will also vary accordingly. The most severe form of the disease is bacterial. In this case, most likely, you will need to use drugs containing antibiotics.

One of the complications of bacterial conjunctivitis is keratitis - inflammatory disease cornea of ​​the eye. Other causes of pathology are often traumatic injury, infections and viruses, vitamin deficiencies, allergic reactions, etc. With this disease, the child's visual acuity decreases, and complaints of pain in the eyes also appear. If the herpes virus is the cause of the disease, corneal ulcers may form. It is very important to detect and treat keratitis in time, since one of the most severe complications of it can be loss of vision.

You can notice similar manifestations in a child with uveitis- inflammation of the choroid. In childhood, eye injuries are the most common cause of this pathology. Since the disease also entails a number of serious consequences, we recommend not to postpone a visit to our clinic at the first pathological symptoms.

When to see a doctor

So, competent and timely diagnosis and subsequent treatment of eye diseases is the key to maintaining the health of the child. You should be careful and see an ophthalmologist as soon as possible if you notice one or more of the following:

• the child has to squint to examine objects, he began to blink frequently;
• the eyes seem to look in different directions;
• when reading and writing, the child has to bend strongly over the book or notebook;
• to examine an object from the side, the child turns his head instead of moving his eyes;
• the child's eyes are swollen and reddened;
• there is lacrimation or purulent discharge;
• the child gets tired quickly, complains of headaches and eye pains, and experiences dizziness.

Prevention of eye diseases in children

You can take action yourself to keep your child's eyes healthy. To do this, it is enough to observe the following simple rules:

• make sure that the child does not spend too much time in front of a computer monitor or TV, and is at least thirty centimeters away from them;
• provide correct lighting;
• follow the child's daily routine: he should get enough sleep and be outdoors as much as possible;
• the diet should be varied and contain the full range of necessary children's body vitamins and minerals;
• be sure to undergo regular preventive examinations with an ophthalmologist.

Protect the eyes of your children, and in case of any violations, do not hesitate to contact our clinic - an experienced doctor will do everything possible to preserve the health of children's eyes.

The cost of treating eye diseases

Initial appointment with an ophthalmologist

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Category: Eye Diseases

The visual apparatus performs one of the most important functions for the normal development of a child. After all, vision problems lead to his lag. Educational games for mindfulness, preparation for school become problematic for eye diseases in children. There are many diseases of the visual apparatus that occur not only in adults, but also in babies. The most common diseases should be considered in more detail.

Myopia

The most common eye disease in children. Medical term myopia - myopia. Usually develops from the age of 5 years. The child gradually ceases to clearly see objects at a distance.

Causes of occurrence in children

There are a number of reasons why children develop myopia. The most common are:

1. Genetic predisposition. If the baby has at least one parent suffering from myopia, then the chance of its occurrence is quite high. Therefore, parents should be prepared for such a situation and at the first signs of deterioration in visual acuity in a child, contact an ophthalmologist. At an early stage, myopia can still be completely cured.
2. Sedentary lifestyle. In such children, myopia develops several times more often.
3. Incorrect fit. If the baby is sitting at the table in an uncomfortable position, then during reading, writing or drawing, the visual apparatus is overstrained.
4. Concomitant or congenital eye diseases. A baby may be born with congenital astigmatism or spinal cord injuries, which negatively affects the organ of vision.

Myopia treatment

In order to cure myopia in a child, complex therapy is required, which includes:

• optical correction, that is, wearing glasses;
• the use of special drops to train the eye muscles;
• hardware therapy.

Important to remember! Is a rather complicated process, so each parent must support the child during this difficult period for him!

Farsightedness

This disease in children develops as a result of an atypical structure of the visual apparatus. The kid begins to faintly see objects in front of his eyes. Reading is particularly difficult.

The main symptoms of hyperopia

• the child begins to blink frequently and rub his eyes;
• at the time of playing with small details and when watching TV, the baby tries to move as close as possible to the objects;
• when reading and examining pictures, brings them very close to the face;
• regular eye strain leads to headaches and moodiness of the child.

The kid may refuse to draw or read. Conjunctivitis occurs for no reason.

Treatment

Farsightedness is treated primarily by wearing glasses. Also, the ophthalmologist can refer to apparatus therapy, depending on the severity of the disease. Complex therapy is carried out in several courses with intervals of 3 months. With the correct implementation of the doctor's prescriptions, the prognosis is almost always favorable.

Astigmatism

- This is a violation of the shape of the lens or cornea of ​​the eye. The child experiences image distortion, which leads to loss of visual acuity. This disease can be found in a baby for such ailments:

• the child begins to look at objects from only one angle;
• one eye periodically covers;
• often squints and approaches a closer distance to the subject of interest;
• quick fatigue.

Due to the rapid fatigue of the visual apparatus, the child often rubs his eyes.

Treatment

Initially, the ophthalmologist prescribes the wearing of glasses. For some period, the child wears them. If no improvement is observed, then visual therapy is prescribed. Inspection is carried out every 3 months. The ophthalmologist must evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. If it is not effective, he changes the scheme and method of exposure.

It's important to know! Astigmatism should be eliminated at the first symptoms! After all, the disease can lead to myopia and other visual disturbances.

Conjunctivitis

- a disease that is inflammation of the eyeball. It can occur as a result of the ingress of pathogenic viruses or bacteria, as well as an allergic reaction.

Symptoms

This disease develops rapidly and is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• severe redness of the eyes and swelling of the eyelids;
• itching and burning of the optic organ;
• discharge from the eyes of a purulent character;
• swollen lymph nodes.

The child feels constant weakness of the body and regular headaches.

Causes of the disease

Ophthalmologists distinguish between infectious and non-infectious conjunctivitis. The infectious form of the disease occurs due to the ingress of harmful bacteria, viruses or fungi into the organ of vision.

As for non-infectious conjunctivitis, it develops as allergic reaction to certain chemicals and other irritants.

It's important to know! Standard scheme conjunctivitis has no treatment! Depending on the cause of the disease, a certain therapy is prescribed.

Barley

– acute inflammation purulent character, which forms near the root of the eyelash.

Reasons for the appearance

This disease in children usually occurs as a result of the ingress of pathogenic microbes such as streptococci or staphylococci. The prerequisites for the appearance of barley may be the following ailments:

It's important to know! Barley can be transmitted in a household way! Therefore, a sick baby should have separate hygiene items for the period of the disease.

Symptoms of occurrence

This purulent neoplasm is quite easy to detect. Children have the following symptoms:

• swelling and redness of the eyelid;
• painful sensations at the moment of touching and blinking;
• after a couple of days, an abscess forms in the center of the swelling.

If you do not start treatment, the barley will swell more and more.

Treatment

In order to eliminate the disease in a baby, you will first need to be exposed to dry heat. In parallel, the affected area should be treated with alcohol tincture of calendula. These procedures are required to be carried out and the appearance of a formed abscess. After that, heat should not be applied. This can lead to the spread of the inflammatory process throughout the eye.

The affected eye needs to be dripped with antibacterial drops and treated with ointments. If the disease recurs periodically, then care should be taken to increase immune system and timely treatment chronic infectious diseases.

In order to timely detect and begin effective treatment of eye diseases, it is required to regularly take the child for a routine examination to an ophthalmologist, at least 2 times a year.

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