Should men take fluconazole? Side effects and contraindications

Date: 17.04.2019

Fluconazole is a drug intended for for the treatment of diseases caused by the fungus, an effective drug that has a number of advantages over other medicines in the same group.

Active component: Fluconazole.

Excipient: magnesium and calcium stearate, potato starch.

Available in the form of capsules of 50 mg and 150 mg. Cardboard packaging.

pharmachologic effect

Strong antifungal agent. It negatively affects the activity and vital activity of fungi, suppressing their growth and reproduction due to its components.
Fluconazole predominantly acts on fungal cytochromes without harming humans.
Compared to other antifungal agents, it has a lesser negative effect on liver function.
It is also an advantage that this agent does not have antiandrogenic activity.
It actively fights against opportunistic mycoses and practically any types of fungi in all forms and manifestations.

Indications for use

The drug has shown itself well in the fight against various diseases and is effective against the following fungal infections:

Cryptococcosis. Allowed for people with impaired the immune system, including those with AIDS. It can be used as a prophylactic agent.
Candidiasis of mucous surfaces, oral cavity, bronchial, esophagus, cutaneous candidiasis.
Genital candidiasis in all forms of manifestation, including chronic. Candidal balanitis.
Mycoses on human skin, including deep mycoses.

Contraindications for use

It is not recommended to take fluconazole and medicines containing terfenadine and astemizole at the same time.
Hypersensitivity to the substances that make up this medication in order to avoid a subsequent allergic reaction.
Children under 4 years of age.
Take with caution in people suffering from liver and kidney disease, heart failure. Pregnant and lactating women.

Method of application and dosage

The capsules are intended for oral administration.

Dosage for various diseases and the forms of their course may differ. Basically, at the first admission, the main dose of the drug is introduced, the admission can be a one-time, as well as course.

For example, when treating candidiasis in a woman, one dose is needed, that is, one capsule of 150 mg.

When treating cryptococcal meningitis, the course of treatment will range from 6-8 weeks.

People with impaired immunity and falling into the group "with caution" are taken at the dosage prescribed by the doctor individually.

Side effects and overdose

Negative effects after taking the medication can occur from the outside cordially vascular system, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system.
In case of overdose, it is possible fever, loss of alertness, hallucinations.

special instructions

When using the medicine, it is necessary to take tests and check the work of internal organs, especially the kidneys and liver.
It is not recommended to interrupt treatment until complete recovery, otherwise relapse may occur.
You should not be treated and drink alcohol at the same time, alcohol compatibility is not very good.
When any allergic signs you need to stop taking, and then they go away on their own.
If this medicine does not fit, it can be replaced with an analogue with the same spectrum of action.

Terms and methods of storage

Store in a dark place without contact sun rays... The drug has been approved for use for 3 years.

Fluconazole's analogs

When choosing an analogue, buyers first look at the price of a medicine.

It is worth remembering that the difference in price may also depend on the pharmacy, for example, in one you will have to pay 150 rubles for a package of funds, and in another - up to 400 rubles.

You can give preference to fluconazole, since these analogues are of foreign origin, their price is much higher than that of a domestic drug, and the spectrum of action is absolutely the same.

Currently, many are used for the treatment of urogenital candidiasis in men and women. drugs both local and systemic action. Some of them are enough to take once, others require long-term use.

Fluconazole for thrush is included in all protocols and regimens of therapy, the agent is indicated for the treatment of both chronic and acute form infections. This substance is included in many Russian and foreign antimycotic drugs. In addition, to eliminate candidiasis, it can be taken by both adult patients and a child.

Fluconazole is a representative of the pharmacological group of antibacterial agents. In terms of chemical structure, it belongs to the derivatives of triazole. The principle of action of the drug is based on the suppression of a number of enzymatic reactions necessary for the synthesis of structures of the membrane of the fungus.

This leads to a cessation of development, and then to the death of the pathogenic flora. At the same time, Fluconazole is distinguished by high selectivity of action, without affecting healthy cells in the human body. In this parameter, this agent is significantly superior to other antifungal drugs. Fluconazole has been shown to be effective against the most frequent pathogen urogenital and systemic candidiasis of fungi of the genus Candida albicans.

But besides this, the drug is also active against complicated forms of fungal infection caused by:

Candida nonalbicans;
dermatophytes;
pathogens of multicolored and pityriasis lichen;
pathogens provoking the development of deep mycoses.

Its useful to note

Fluconazole is also used to treat candidiasis associated with immunodeficiency.

In addition to vaginal, urogenital and generalized infections caused by fungi of the genus Candida, fluconazole is prescribed for:

systemic lesions caused by pathogenic flora of the genus Cryptococcus, including meningitis, pathologies of the epidermal cover, respiratory tract;
preventive purposes to prevent fungal infection in AIDS patients, with chemotherapy and radiation therapy;
treatment and prevention of generalized candidiasis affecting internal organs, heart muscle, including in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy;
candidiasis of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, upper digestive tract;
fungal pathologies of the epidermal integument in the feet, groin, including onychomycosis, some types of lichen;
coccidioidosis;
paracoccidioidosis;
sporotrichosis;
histoplasmosis;
prevention of mycotic infections occurring against the background of malignant neoplasms.

Fluconazole also has positive pharmacokinetic properties. Being a hydrophilic compound, the drug is well absorbed from the digestive tract, its bioavailability is 80-90% and higher (depending on the degree of purification of the original substance). The maximum concentration of fluconazole in the blood is reached after approximately 1-2 hours. The drug is distributed in body tissues, including the structures of the central nervous system.

In addition, the drug passes through the placental barrier and is found in very high concentrations in breast milk... Fluconazole also enters the stratum corneum of the skin, the cells of the nail plates, which makes it effective in the treatment of epidermal mycoses. The half-life ranges from 20-35 hours, but the average is 27-30 hours. This explains the effectiveness of the drug even with a single dose. Fluconazole is partially metabolized in the liver, but most of it is excreted through the kidneys in the urine.

Its useful to note

In case of severe disorders of the urinary system, the half-life of Fluconazole may increase to 3-4 days.

This drug is the least toxic among medicines of the same pharmacological group. But it can sometimes cause a number of unwanted reactions.

So, some patients have:

Disturbances in the functioning of the digestive tract, which consist in a deterioration in appetite, pain in the epigastrium, the appearance of nausea, less often vomiting. Some patients complain of diarrhea followed by constipation.
Neurological disorders. According to doctors, they occur extremely rarely. But sometimes Fluconazole can provoke prolonged headaches, sleep disturbances, and dizziness.
Changes in the hematopoietic system. The drug affects the parameters of hemoglobin, leukocytes, neutrophils, platelets. This is reflected in the blood test, which must be taken into account when decoding the results.
Other side effects. In a number of patients, doctors noted symptoms characteristic of an allergic reaction (rash, itchy skin etc.).

Its useful to note

The risk of complications increases in patients with severe immunodeficiency, mycoses against the background of oncological diseases.

In accordance with the instructions for use, contraindications to the appointment of Fluconazole are:

pregnancy;
period breastfeeding(you must either use topical vaginal antifungal agents or suspend lactation);
hypersensitivity to azoles;
childhood up to 1 year.

Its useful to note

For patients with severe kidney and liver pathologies, Fluconazole is prescribed with extreme caution for thrush. Sometimes dosage and therapy adjustments are required.

When using the drug with other medicines pharmacological groups take into account the following factors:

antihyperglycemic agents - Fluconazole increases their half-life, which can lead to overdose and the development of hypoglycemia;
anticoagulants - increased action;
Rifampicin - decrease in the effectiveness and duration of action of Fluconazole;
Cyclosporine - combination with fluconazole reduces its effectiveness.

In addition, Fluconazole affects the metabolism of a number of antiretroviral drugs used for therapy in HIV-infected people. Therefore, this category of patients should undergo antifungal treatment under the supervision of a physician.

Fluconazole for thrush: how to take depending on the form of release, possible reasons for the lack of a treatment result

According to doctors, Fluconazole is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of thrush in children and adults. According to studies, a positive result of therapy is achieved in 80-90% and 78-85% of patients, respectively.

Capsules. For the treatment of candidiasis, tablets with a mass are prescribed active ingredient 0.15 g (or 150 mg). In an acute primary episode of the disease, a single dose is sufficient. For the treatment of a complicated form, the drug is drunk 3-4 times with an interval of 3 days. In immunocompromised patients, therapy is continued for up to 2-3 weeks. In this case, a daily intake of capsules at a dosage of 0.15-0.2 g is provided.
Suppositories. In "pure" form, fluconazole in the form vaginal suppositories not available, which is associated with the characteristics of the metabolism of the drug. In combination with metronidazole, it is part of the drug Vagisept. These suppositories are inserted into the vagina at night for 10 days. In addition, fluconazole in combination with metronidazole and interferon α-2b is contained in Vagiferon suppositories. This is enough effective drug, which not only fights against pathogenic fungal flora, but also helps to increase the activity of local immunity of the vaginal mucosa. Apply Vagiferon similarly to Vagisept - 1 suppository intravaginally at night. The course of treatment is also 10 days.
Gel. On the domestic market, they offer the drug Flucorom, which contains fluconazole at a concentration of 5 mg per 1 g of gel. However, it is not accepted for the treatment of candidiasis. Flucor is prescribed for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis.

At severe course candidiasis Fluconazole is prescribed in combination with topical medications. In this case, the capsules are taken on general scheme(either 150 mg once, or 4 times with an interval of three days). In parallel, therapy is supplemented with suppositories with another active ingredient (for example, Zalain, Klion D, Terzhinan, etc.).

At chronic course thrush for the prevention of relapses Fluconazole is usually prescribed according to the following scheme: 1 capsule on the first day menstrual cycle within 6 months. However, in such a situation, self-medication is contraindicated. Therapy of complicated recurrent forms of candidiasis should only be dealt with by a doctor.

Its useful to note

Fluconazole is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.

For children, the drug is prescribed according to strict indications, starting from the age of one. For the treatment of candidiasis in infants, more safe remedy... When the child is unable to swallow the capsule, the drug is administered parenterally, for which it is necessary to correctly calculate the dosage. As a rule, it depends on the severity of the pathology, localization (for example, lesions of the mucous membranes of the genitals, mouth, skin, etc.) and ranges from 3 to 12 mg per kilogram of weight. The drug is administered once a day.

After reaching 4-5 years of age, capsules can be given. However, in some cases, patients are faced with a situation where Fluconazole simply does not help. Pathophysiologically, this is associated with a mutation of the processes of enzymatic synthesis of the outer membrane of Candida cells. The main reason for this phenomenon is non-compliance with the dosage and duration of therapy, the independent replacement of Fluconazole with another antifungal drug. This is enough to prevent the recurrence of the infection from responding to the action of the medication in the standard dosage.

Its useful to note

When treating candidiasis with Fluconazole, it is necessary to adhere to the same principles as with antibiotic therapy - strictly observe the dosage and duration of treatment. And stop taking the drug only after the permission of the doctor.

Fluconazole for men: dosage regimen, drug analogues

Urogenital candidiasis in the stronger sex is relatively rare. This is associated with a smaller area of the mucous membrane of the genital organs. However, if the pathological spread of the microflora of the genus Candida has begun, this can lead to the development of urethritis, pyelocystitis and other sufficiently serious fungal infections.

Therefore, when vaginal candidiasis is detected in a partner or when the first signs of the disease appear, therapy should be started immediately. "Normal" uncomplicated thrush in men is treated in the same way - you need to drink one capsule 150 mg once. But according to the doctors' reviews, it is better to repeat the medication twice more every 3 days.

With immunodeficiency, the course of therapy is extended to 2-3 weeks. As for the prevention of candidiasis, the dosage and regimen of Fluconazole for men is determined only by a doctor. Usually, monthly treatment is prescribed for several days. For therapy, you can pick up both relatively cheap domestic drugs (for example, Flucostat), and foreign analogues from a higher price segment (Diflucan, Diflazon, Mikosist, etc.).

By and large, the active substance of these drugs is the same, the dosage is also possible for uncomplicated candidiasis, any remedy can be taken. However, according to practicing doctors, recurrent and persistent infections respond better to treatment with expensive, well-purified drugs.

And the most common fungal disease is candidiasis (thrush). The causative agent of the disease is a fungus of the genus Candida. Thrush in men can occur by different reasons... But, in most cases, it is asymptomatic, does not have much harm to the body. A man becomes a carrier of pathogenic microorganisms. But, in order not to provoke various complications, thrush must be treated. Most often, men are prescribed an antifungal drug such as Fluconazole.

The main causes of thrush in men

In order for the treatment to proceed as quickly and efficiently as possible, the main irritant factor must be eliminated. It should be noted that these microorganisms are present in every person. But they are in balance with the good bacteria. As soon as the population of fungi increases, thrush develops. What contributes to the increase in their number?

The main cause of male genital thrush is unprotected intercourse with an infected partner. For this reason, when candidiasis is diagnosed in one of the spouses, both are treated. Also, a provoking factor can be considered a violation of the microflora of the digestive tract, the mucous membrane of the genital organs. When the level beneficial bacteria becomes lower, thrush automatically develops.

Other provoking factors include the following reasons:

Long-term use of antibiotics;
Improper nutrition;
Diabetes;
Immunodeficiency;
Sexually transmitted diseases;
Hormonal disbalance;
Stress;
Hypothermia;
Inflammatory processes, including in the pelvic organs;
Bacterial lesions of the genital mucosa.

Thrush manifests itself in men specific symptoms... So, young people note discomfort during intercourse, white discharge from the urethra, itching of the glans penis, inflammation of the glans, white bloom, burning sensation when urinating. Thrush can affect not only the genitals. Often found in men intestinal candidiasis, skin, oral cavity.

Fluconazole drug for thrush in men

Very common and effective medicine is Fluconazole for men with thrush. The drug is released in capsules, ointments. It is these two forms of release that are included in the complex therapy of candidiasis in young people. Fluconazole is excellent for the treatment of thrush both at the initial stage of its development and in advanced cases.

The medicine has a direct effect on the fungal cell membrane. So, the fungus is destroyed from the inside. The mushroom population is declining very quickly. The main active ingredient of both tablets and cream is fluconazole itself. As additional components, it is worth noting the following:

Povidone;
Talc;
Corn starch;
Magnesium stearate;
Croscarmellose sodium.

Fluconazole tablets are available in three dosages: 50, 100 and 150 mg. If the doctor prescribes a Fluconazole capsule, it is available in a dose of 100 mg of the active ingredient. Also, the drug can be produced both in 1 tablet (capsule) and in 7 capsules. It all depends on the prescribed course of treatment for thrush. Fluconazole is also recommended for the treatment of other pathologies: cryptococcosis, mycosis, onychomycosis, neoplasms, candidiasis.

Fluconazole for men with thrush is recommended to be taken not only for the treatment of the disease, but also as a prophylaxis. So, it is enough to take one capsule 2 times a year to increase protective functions local immunity, restore the balance of beneficial microorganisms. And the prevention of candidiasis is definitely needed. After all this disease is recurrent.

What dosage to choose and how to take Fluconazole?

The regimen and dosage is determined only by a doctor. After comprehensive inspection, and based on the test results obtained, you can get a complete picture of the disease. As a rule, with obvious symptoms of thrush, the doctor prescribes either a single dose of a pill or capsule, or treatment for a week. Also, the dosage and dosage regimens are indicated in the instructions for Fluconazole.

To quickly cure candidiasis, you must follow these recommendations and dosages:

The initial stage of thrush is treated with Fluconazole cream. The agent is applied to the head of the penis twice a day.
The acute form of genital thrush in men requires a single dose of a Fluconazole tablet with a dosage of 150 mg.
Prolonged, prolonged thrush requires longer treatment. So, a man needs to take a 100 mg tablet once a week. The course of therapy lasts a month. Therefore, a man will need 4 tablets.
As a prevention of thrush in the stronger sex, it is advised to use a 150 mg Fluconazole tablet once a month.

Contraindications to taking Fluconazole

Like any other synthetic medication, Fluconazole has its own contraindications. So, the drug is strictly prohibited in case of individual intolerance to the main active ingredient. Otherwise, severe allergic reactions, up to anaphylactic shock and suffocation. The doctor may replace Fluconazole with any other analogue.

Also, the drug is not compatible with Cisapride and Terfenadine. The combination of Fluconazole with these agents can exacerbate all adverse reactions... With extreme caution, you need to take the drug in the presence of renal, liver failure, diseases of cardio-vascular system, young people under the age of 18, and men mature age(over 65 years old).

Fluconazole has the following side effects:

Increased fatigue;
Dizziness;
Weakness;
Headache;
Heart arythmy;
Nausea;
Allergy;
Removal of calcium from the body;
Hallucinations.

Benefits of treating thrush in men with Fluconazole

The drug has a number of advantages in the treatment of thrush, and has practically no disadvantages. Thus, the main component of Fluconazole is active against many pathogenic microorganisms. Almost all strains of fungi are treatable with this medication. Mushrooms stop producing the enzyme, as a result of which they die.

The agent is very quickly absorbed into the general bloodstream, which explains its speed of action. The maximum concentration of fluconazole can be traced within half an hour after taking the pill. The tool does not have a systemic effect on other internal organs, systems male body... The drug enters not only the blood, but also saliva, sweat, secretions, phlegm. This means that there is a large-scale destruction of fungi of the genus Candida.

If you use Fluconazole ointment to treat thrush in men, the drug penetrates deeply, even through the keratinized layers of the skin. Most of the drug (more than 80%) is excreted from the body along with urine. The only drawback is the high concentration of the active substance. Therefore, during therapy, it is imperative to follow all instructions for the regimen and dosage of the medication.

Fluconazole ointment

Fluconazole ointment has a similar effect as tablets. Also, this tool is available under the name Fucis gel. The drug is intended for external use. A local remedy is prescribed in such cases:

Dermatitis;
Dermatomycosis;
Thrush;
Onychomycosis;
Lichen.

With thrush in men, a cream (ointment, gel) is prescribed to eliminate such symptoms: inflammation of the head of the penis, white plaque on the head, itching and burning of the genitals, discharge from the urethra, pain during intercourse and urination. The cream is not difficult to apply.

It is necessary to spread the cream on the entire head area and foreskin... Topical fluconazole is used 1-2 times a day. At the same time, it is very important to maintain personal hygiene. You need to wash yourself before each application of the medicine. To do this, you can use a decoction of chamomile, a solution of baking soda. Also, in pharmacies you can find a special solution of Fluconazole, which is permissible for washing. Treatment local remedy lasts 7 days. You can not stop treatment after the disappearance of symptoms. The entire course of therapy is required.

Fluconazole quickly helps with thrush. The drug is the best in all respects, ranging from quick action fluconazole for candidiasis, ending with an incredibly low price for a drug in a number of drugs belonging to the group of antifungal agents to combat not only candidiasis, but also a number of other fungi and viruses that cause lichen, dandruff and other skin diseases.

What is this unique medicine, which is so rarely prescribed by a doctor and which is so reluctant to be offered by pharmacy workers, and how to cure thrush with fluconazole, the story goes below. It is an antifungal agent that has enough wide range highly specific action, helping to inhibit the activity of fungal enzymes. It increases the permeability of cell membranes, blocks the formation of ergosterol, and stops cell growth and replication.

A domestic manufacturer produces fluconazole against thrush for men and women in the form of:

capsules
pills
syrup
suspensions
solution for injection and for infusion

Sometimes, instead of our domestic drug, which costs about 20-30 rubles, they offer the same imported product. A widespread drug for thrush is the drug fluconazole Teva (FLUCONAZOLE-TEVA), produced in Hungary. The drug fluconazole STADA (FLUCONAZOLE STADA), produced in Russia, is also becoming widespread. Both of these agents (Teva and STADA), as well as their foreign counterparts with the same active ingredient (Diflucan, Mycomax, Diflozan, Flucostat and a number of others) have the same effect on microorganisms.

Methods of using the drug, side effects, contraindications

Before starting the use of fluconazole for thrush in a man or woman, it is imperative to visit a doctor. Depending on the severity of the disease, treatment regimen and clinical picture disease, the doctor determines the individual dosage of the drug. And even after passing full examination and having received the doctor's advice on how to take or how to drink the drug in the treatment of candidiasis, do not rush to use the medicine. First, you must carefully study the instructions for use of fluconazole for thrush. Since the medicine is produced in different forms, then it is necessary to strictly observe the methods of application:

Intravenous when treated with injection solutions
Intravenous drip when using solution for infusion
Swallowing without chewing with water when prescribing tablets
Diluting in water, when prescribing powders for suspensions

For each of these methods of using fluconazole for candidiasis, there may be side effects by various authorities:

Digestive system: stomach pain, flatulence, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, dyspepsia, liver malfunction
Nervous system: headache, cramp
CVS: ventricular fibrillation, increased QT interval on the ECG
Skin manifestations: rash, itching, swelling of various parts of the body, alopecia
Metabolism: increased triglyceride and bad cholesterol levels
Allergic reactions

Before using fluconazole for thrush, especially in children, it is necessary to pay attention to the instructions for contraindications to the use of the drug. Not recommended use of any form of the drug:

Fluconazole treatment regimen for candidiasis

Like every medicine, solution, suspension or tablets of fluconazole for thrush are used according to a special treatment regimen, which is determined by the doctor. Many people expect to cure a fungal infection with this drug in one day. How much to drink and how long to take fluconazole medicine for thrush - a day or a week, the doctor will decide after studying the clinical picture of the disease. The duration of the course of therapy directly depends on the form of the course of the disease, on the presence of concomitant complications or other infections, on the age and condition of the patient, on the fulfillment of all the doctor's recommendations. Taking fluconazole for thrush in women is one-time, if the patient turns to early stage the appearance of the disease, the course of treatment can reach up to 7 - 10 days with advanced candidiasis.

The regimen of taking the drug in the treatment of thrush (candidiasis) with fluconazole, although simple, depends on the duration of the onset of the disease and the tolerability of the drug. For many, one capsule or tablet is enough to forget about the fungus, while others cannot use it categorically.

Dosage of fluconazole for various diseases for children, women and men

It is most convenient to use in the form of capsules containing 150 or 50 mg of the active ingredient. For each type of candidiasis, the individual dosage of the drug is observed:

In chronic thrush, the dose of fluconazole is usually 400 mg on the first day, and then decreases to 200 - 150 mg throughout the week. So that in the future there is no exacerbation of chronic thrush, you can drink one capsule (150 mg) once a month until immunity is restored.
When treating candidiasis in the oral cavity, the dosage of the drug is much less. With a weekly treatment, 50 g of the medicine is prescribed once a day.
To prevent relapses in immunocompromised individuals, 150 mg of fluconazole is prescribed once a week or a month.
A single dose of 150 mg is prescribed for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis with fluconazole.
In the treatment of intestinal candidiasis, fluconazole is prescribed 2 times a day, 50 mg.

If fluconazole does not help with thrush, it must be replaced with another drug.

Having prescribed the drug in all its glory, it remains to answer the question whether fluconazole helps everyone with thrush and whether it is possible for them to completely cure the disease. These doubts arise for two reasons. Many patients treat thrush treatment with fluconazole with distrust due to the low price of the drug and its toxicity. However, an affordable price is its advantage, and so that there are no side effects or unwanted effects on the body, you need to study the instructions. Treatment of any manifestations of acute and chronic thrush (candidiasis) with fluconazole in men and women in most cases is effective if the patients themselves do not violate the instructions for use of the drug and do not ignore the doctor's advice. After all, the outcome of treatment depends not only on the chosen medicine. To completely defeat the fungus, you must remember:

The course of therapy should be carried out completely, and not only until the disappearance of the discharge or white plaque.
Candles for thrush fluconazole should not be used during menstruation and in the first trimester of pregnancy.
The treatment regimen for thrush with fluconazole involves the complex use of tablets and drugs local use... In addition, do not forget that the cause of the disease must be eliminated.
If a woman has a yeast infection, the man who has contact with her also needs to undergo treatment with fluconazole (1 tablet 150 g).