Combined estrogen-gestagenic contraceptives (OK)

Preparations of this group are customary called "oral contraceptives" (OK). Each tablet is OK contains estrogen and progestogen.
Contraceptive pills are the most common and reliable method Prevention unwanted pregnancy. More than 70 million women around the world have made their choice in favor of contraceptive tablets. Modern hormonal contraceptives will not harm their health. Scientists developing such pills concentrate their attention not only on the safety of drugs, but also whether birth control pills Improve the quality of life - and, in particular, how well the women will endure them.

So, you decided to choose contraceptive pills as a method of contraception.

The contraceptive effect is ensured by the following factors:
1. Braking ovulation (release of ripe eggs from the ovary)
2. Changing the viscosity of mucus in the cervix. This prevents the penetration of spermatozoa in the uterus
3. Effect on endometrium - the inner wall of the uterus. Endometrium remains unprepared to attach a fertilized egg to it (if the fertilization has happened).

The contraceptive effect of OK is 0-0.9 pregnancies per 100 women / years.

"Contraceptive failures" are most often due to errors in the reception of drugs (in particular, in the passing of tablets, especially at the beginning or end of the menstrual cycle). Proper use of ok provides 100% contraceptive effect, Including 7 day intervals between the drug intake.

A properly chosen contraceptive drug can be useful to women prone to a fluid delay having problems with leather suffering from painful monthly and premenstrual syndrome.
It is important to start taking the drug only after consulting a gynecologist who will pick up the appropriate drug. OK also has contraindications, so the doctor's consultation is simply necessary to prevent unwanted consequences.

About excess weight

Extra weight gain is mainly connected with a delay in the body of the liquid. This, of course, does not harm health, but excess weight can deprive attractiveness and therefore causes anxiety. Contraceptive pills can get rid of this problem.

Premenstrual syndrome

OK helps to reduce premenstrual symptoms (PMS), such as swelling, brewing of the mammary glands, pain in the abdomen and lower back, mood change, plasticity. Many women note that PMS is miraculously stopped during the reception of contraceptive pills.

Regulation of menstruation

Many women suffer from painful, long, abundant or irregular monthly. Ok easily eliminate all these troubles. No need to worry about when another menstruation begins, and how hard it will leak. Monthly will become more predictable.

Impact on skin and hair condition

The appearance of rashes on the skin, acne, hair salinity can be caused by an excess of male sex hormones or increased skin sensitivity to them. These hormones in small quantities are produced in the body of each woman, as well as estrogen produced in men. If for some reason a woman in the body appears more androgens, then she may have not only skin problems, but many others may appear. Thus, it is necessary to control the level of hormones in the body. Properly selected OK prevent the action of androgens in women and help to quickly get rid of oily, problem skin and hacated hair. OK will improve appearance Not only before menstruation, but all the time, until you cancel it.

Modern approx are divided into mono and multiphase.

Monophasic OK - the dose of estrogen and progestogen in each tablet is stable. Packaging contains 21 tablets. To the most frequently used modern OK with monophasic effects include:

Demulen (Demulen)
Diana-35 (Dianae-35)
Yarina (Yarina)
Marvelon (Marvelon)
Riguevidori (Rigevidori)
Silest (Cilest)
Femoden (Femoden)

Diana-35 preparation contains ciproterone acetate - a unique gestagen with pronounced antagandrogenic properties. This drug in addition to contraception is applied with therapeutic goal In women S. increased level Male sex hormones and suffering from external manifestations of this state: acne (acne), oily skin, hair loss, impaired menstrual cycle.

Zhanin - one of the most modern OK contains a "hybrid" gestagen - a dienogest, which has a natural origin (in the package of 21 dragees, in one dragee - 30 μg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of dienethest). Indications for use are the same as for Diana-35. Zhanin has a somewhat softer action than Diana-35 and, in connection with this, it is better suited for long reception (more than 1 year).

Yarina is another modern monophasic contraceptive with antandrogenic properties.
I would like to mention the drug Yarina, as the most modern and having side Effects.
The muzpirenone contained in Yarina has both antimineralocorticoid activity, which contributes to the prevention of body weight and other symptoms associated with fluid delay. Prevents sodium delay caused by estrogens, provides very good tolerability and has a positive effect when premenstrual syndrome. In one tablet of the drug contains 3 mg of debrospirenone and 0.03 mg of ethinyl estradiol.

Multiphase OK distinguishes the variable estrogen and progestogen ratio, and the estrogen dose is practically stable in all 21 tablets, while the progestogen is introduced in an increasing dosage.

Modern ok with multiphase action: Anteovin (Anteovin),
Three regrol (Tri-Regol),
Triziston (TRISISTON),
Triesilar 28 (Tricvilar 28),
Trinovum (Trinovum),
Trinordiol 21 (TRMORDIOL 21),
Synphase.

Prescribes the drug only a qualified obstetrician-gynecologist, because Independent reception of the drug may not come up and cause complications.

Women with a stable rhythm of hormone secretion who has reached the age of 30 years (lower age barrier is 25 years old) and having children, to warn repeated pregnancies Assign three-phase contraceptives - Tablets containing three types of combinations of substances. Now this is the safest non-surgical method of preventing unplanned pregnancy, the effectiveness of which depends on the thoroughness of compliance with the rules of admission.

Three-phase contraceptive - Description

There are monophaz and multiphase contraceptives of oral applications. Modern three-phase contraceptives refer to the second group of drugs, in the tablets of which the concentration of active substances - hormones varies depending on the phase monthly cycle women. Simply put, each blister package contains three types of tablets, each of which must be taken to the specific phase of the monthly cycle.

Due to the fact that the contraceptive three-phase tablets consist of a pill with different concentrations of substances, they allow not to disturb the natural flow and rhythm of the cycle, do not affect hormonal background organism. So, the risk of occurrence side phenomena Changed to a minimum.

This species medicines Known from the mid-70s of the 20th century. However, the three-phase contraceptives of the new generation differ from previous versions with a more gentle protection effect. They have a low dosage of estrogen progesterone - active components, which allows you to reduce the likelihood of hormonal bursts actually to zero. With the right choice of means and correct reception 3-phase oral tablets give 99% protection against re-pregnancy.

The mechanism of action of 3-phase drugs

Modern three-phase contraceptive pills have a regulatory impact on the woman's body and do not cause changes to endocrine system. They imitate the natural change in the balance of gestagens and estrogen in the body in accordance with the monthly phases of the cycle and at the same time effectively oppress the synthesis of gonadoliberins of the hypothalamus. Such an impact leads to the braking of the production of genital hormones and the warning of ovulation. In addition to the basic effect, three-phase oral contraceptives change the functions of the yellow bodies of the ovaries (the effect of progestins on the body) even during ovulation, reduce the activity and thickness of the endometrium, which prevents blastocyst implantation. During the reception of the drug may change and physicochemical properties The cereal mucus increases the viscosity, the amount decreases, which makes it difficult to move the spermatozoa.

Advantages and disadvantages of the reception of 3-phase oral contraceptives

Three-phase contraceptives, whose names will be shown below, have a number of advantages, among which the main is considered the possibility without consequences to terminate the reception of medical devices after detection adverse Reactions. Other advantages should be attributed:

1. High efficiency. The probability of becoming pregnant, correctly taking three-phase hormonal contraceptives, is not more than 1%. Incorrect reception of funds increases chances up to 3%.
2. Modeling a normal monthly cycle.
3. Reduced blood loss.
4. Prevention of iron deficiency anemia.
5. Reduced soreness of menstruation. Modern three-phase per oral contraceptives Assign with dysmanifier.
6. Reducing the risk of cyst ectoped pregnancies, the development of benign and onco-windows of uterus, mammary glands and peritonitis of reproductive organs.

The disadvantage of 3-phase oral protective equipment is only one - a decrease in the effectiveness of the drug in non-compliance with the rules of admission: smoking, poor-quality nutrition of a woman, reception of other drugs and so on.

What hormonal KOC offers the market?

Pharmacy Counters offer two and three-phase contraceptive pills, titles and characteristics recent drugs shown below:

• Triciston - Active substances: Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel.
• Milvan - Substances: Ethinyl estradiol and gestner.
• Three regrol - active ingredients: ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel.
• TRVCVILAR - contains: ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel.
• Trinordiol - Active substances: Ethinyl estradiol and Levonorgestrel.
• Trinovum - Composition: Ethinyl estradiol and norethisterone.

All listed funds are administered orally through the mouth. Appoint one or another oral medical preparation Can only an experienced gynecologist who will take into account the lifestyle, habits, the presence in the body of deviations or disorders ( diabetes, obesity) patient.

Contraceptive pills are an eternal reason for disputes. Some say that this way of protection against unwanted pregnancy is ideal, others doubt, referring to their novelty. Let's try to determine all the "for" and "against" hormonal contraceptives together.

Our moms and grandmothers will probably protest loudly if they hear about the appointment by the doctor of contraceptive pills. And it is not surprising: after all, earlier the word "hormones" was associated with severe drugs that were appointed for treatment various diseases and pathologies. Such preparations contained a huge dose of hormones, and those, in turn, caused a mass of side effects.

Hence the myth that is so common among previous generations: hormonal drugs are dangerous and lead to the development of side effects.

Do not skeptically refer to the words of the elders: in their times, such drugs were not produced as now. To date, hormonal contraception stepped up so far ahead that all fears of moms and grandmothers can be left behind.

Per

Modern contraceptive pills are based on the minimum hormone content. Their concentration in drugs is such that the risks of side effects are minimized. Moreover, this method of protection against unwanted pregnancy has many advantages.

Combined drugs help women's Organism normalize menstrual cycle: Now you do not have to wait for menstruation "from day to day." It is easier to predict with tablets that usually monthly "come" on the day of reception of the last tablet of the course.

This method of protection relies from many "awkward" moments: from concern about the presence of a condom at hand or from interrupting sexual intercourse (which, by the way, according to many researchers, may adversely affect male health).

In addition, experts argue that the woman was created with the fact that it will give birth to many children - on average five. In this case, its body would be "released" from the ovulation process, being either in the process of pregnancy, or in the lactation period.

But a modern woman lives differently: often she does not give birth to more than one or two children. This means that its body more often experiences the state of ovulation. Multiple ovulation, with all its naturalness, in general are a stressful state for the body, sometimes provoking the development of pathological conditions.

Hormonal contraception in a sense "deceives" nature, deftly imitating the state of pregnancy. Ovulation does not happen and female reproductive system This is only good.

And finally, the most important thing is: among oral contraceptives presented today on the market, an estrogen-based drug has emerged, identical to natural. The main active substance of the contraceptive is estradiol Valerat, which provides the body with a component, practically no different from natural estrogen. This means that the last concerns about the reception of hormonal drugs can easily leave behind.

Vs

So with advantages hormonal contraception all clear. However, it is not necessary to make a welcoming decision to go to this method of protection immediately. Let's think that one would not come up with this option?

Perhaps you are different and absolutely inorganized? Such drugs require an actable compliance with the reception schedule, it is impossible to skip. If the forgetfulness is about you, then it is worth thinking. However, we could recommend such a way: packing with tablets can be placed on the night table (you will certainly be near him in the morning and in the evening), on the kitchen table or next to the toothbrush. So about receiving pills will be easier to remember.

It may well be that you have no regular partner yet. Then this method of protection should not be the only one: because the pills do not protect against venericual diseases! These drugs only reduce the risk of infection, but it is not worth the absolute protection against them. If you choose oral contraceptionstill take care of your partner to take advantage of a condom. About the "barrier" method will be happy to forget when you finally stop your choice on the "Tom of Man."

Do not forget that hormonal contraceptives, like any medicines, have a number of contraindications. Each drug has their own. Therefore, before drinking the first tablet, be sure to read the instructions and make sure that the drug is suitable for you.

Memo

The main thing is to remember when choosing a hormonal method of contraception: it is impossible to select the drug yourself. The arguments "Girlfriend advised", "my sister like" and "very beautiful packaging" here is unacceptable.

The drug must appoint only a doctor who will select it specifically for you, focusing on your individual characteristics.

And last: in no case do not confuse contraceptive pills with tablets "Emergency contraception": The second are designed to help only in the most extreme case - when a condom break or in case of rape. It should be borne in mind that " emergency contraception"This is a lump sum in the body of a huge number of hormones, which is extremely negatively affecting the women's reproductive system: from the development of various diseases to infertility!