Oncology of chest stage 2 stages. Lifespan with breast cancer

2 Stage of cancer (carcinoma) of the breast belongs to the early phase of the tumor process. But the patient's condition aggravate expressed symptoms. This serves as the basis for visiting the doctor, the passage of diagnostics. During the study, the seal of various shapes is revealed. The treatment of oncological disease is engaged in a mammologist or oncologist. The reason for untimely appeal to a specialist is the absence of severe symptoms at the initial stage of development of the tumor.

Characteristics of breast cancer 2 stages

In the 2 stages of the neoplascence, there is an active substitution of healthy chest cells atypical. The seal is characterized by large sizes - reaches 6 cm in diameter. There is a massive damage to the axillary lymph nodes (they are not laundered among themselves and with the surrounding tissues). For general well-being, a woman involves the presence of problems with breast. The reason is permanent pain syndrome (regardless of the change of body position).

Symptoms

The nearest symptoms are characteristic of the breast cancer:

• Pain in the mammary gland with the transition to the axillary depression, under the blade, in complicated clinical cases - to the abdomen area.
• Palpiored sealing large size is an oblong, spherical or indefinite form.
• Bleeding from nipples, mastering of pus or viscous turbid secretion.
• Changing the texture of the gland, its deformation due to the progression of the tumor growth.
• Chest enemy, nipple sensitivity, inconvenience in position on side or abdomen.
• An increase in the axillary lymph nodes, restricting the mobility of the hand as a result.
• Redness of the fabrics of the affected chest.
• Increase body temperature. It is observed not with all the forms of the tumor process (mainly - with an inflammatory form). Hyperthermia, which arose in the 2 stages of cancer development, is more often associated with psycho-emotional stress accompanying the disease.

As the disease progressing the patient, asthenovegetative disorders are concerned. These include fatigue, weakness, headache and dizziness. Comprehensively deteriorates well-being - reduced performance, level of blood pressure and total tone. Due to intoxication, there is no appetite, which soon necessitates weight loss.

Substia

Chest neoplasm has 2 substards. Each of them is characterized by individual phenomena and their signs:

1. 2a stage of breast cancer. Transitional stage from 1 to 2 stages of the tumor process. The neoplasm exceeds 2 cm in diameter, affects regional lymph nodes. If the seal reaches even 5 cm, but the lymph nodes are not involved in the malignant process - the chance of recovery increases.
2. 2V Pestadia . The tumor size reaches from 5 cm and more, atypical cells cover several lymph nodes at the same time.

The considered classification allows oncologists to distribute patients depending on the volume of the intervention of the intervention and urgency of its implementation. Surgical treatment, chemotherapeutic approach or radiation impact.

Views

In the oncology, the following classification of breast cancer 2 is used (depending on histological parameters, nature and type of neoplasm):

• invasive carcinoma;
• preinvasive groove cancer;
• invasive luxury carcinoma.

The main distinctive feature of the specified types of neoplasms is the location of atypical cells, from the focus of which the process goes into healthy fabrics.

Invasive

It is characterized by rapid development and pronounced symptoms. Breast cancer occurs in women of middle and old age. Atypical cells quickly fall into circulating blood. Taking into account the speed of spreading to healthy fabrics, the level of danger to the life of a woman is divided into a tumor of high, medium and low differentiation.

Non-invasive

It is divided into lolk and intraporetum. The symptoms of the tumor process are similar, the localization of a malignant focus is distinguished. In the first case, atypical cells are alternately embraced by ferrous slices, in the second, the Milky Ductures are lined with inside.

Other forms

In the oncology there are cases of inflammatory and medullary cancer. Each of the forms differ in the speed of increasing the neoplasm and localization.

Breast carcinoma of inflammatory type for clinical manifestations resembles mastitis (inflammation). It flows with an increase in body temperature - shared and local.

Medullar cancer has a slow flow, but a tumor for a fairly fast term reaches large sizes.

Diagnostics in 2 stages

The presence of a seal is determined even visually. The volume of diagnostic procedures are prescribed taking into account the intended stage of the tumor process.

Standard examination:

1. Uzi chest. Aims to identify a tumor, determining its localization, structure, shape and size.
2. Mammography. Allows you to confirm the presence of a seal and pre-assess its origin. Method appoint women over 40 years old.
3. MRI of the mammary glands, lymph nodes, lungs. Allows you to identify metastases in remote organs. Refers to methods of complex radiation visualization - provides accurate information about the state (form, form, tumor structure).
4. Palpation of lymph nodes. The doctor assesses their general condition - the size, density, and the main criterion - the degree of the battle. If oncologist establishes that the lymph nodes are fasting - this means that the 2 stage of the malignant process is already moving to the third.
5. Immunohistochemical studies. Determine the reaction of the neoplasm on the action of female sex hormones (estrogen). The method is used in oncology recently, but due to the high level of informativeness it is in demand. The result of the analysis makes it possible to estimate whether hormone therapy will help (the introduction of estrogen-containing drugs).
6. Radiographic study of the bones of the pelvis, Ryube.

An important diagnostic method for determining the origin of the neoplasm is a biopsy with the subsequent histological examination. The doctor clears the small sample of tumor fabric and directs it to the laboratory for studying under a microscope. Thanks to this procedure, the origin of the neoplasm is established.

Also, the patient will have to undergo laboratory studies - blood test (biochemical, clinical and oncomarkers), general urine study.

How is cancer in 2 stages

The treatment circuit of cancer 2 stages is not particularly different from the therapeutic program at 1 stage of the malignant process. The view and volume of intervention is predetermined:

• tumor size;
• well-being of the patient;
• already tried techniques (whether they provided at least a partial improvement in the state);
• age patients;
• whether a woman is in the period of Klimaks.

For treatment, the 2 stage of breast cancer suits the operational treatment option in combination with the chemotherapeutic approach.

Surgical intervention

It is divided into organ-bearing operations and radical. In the first case, the possibility of excision of only tumors and partially - tissues of the breast is considered (the organ itself is retained). Radical surgical intervention - mastectomy. The method involves the removal of the breast, within which a malignant tumor is located.

The organ-powder operation is divided into sectoral, segmental view and quadrantectomy. The difference between the listed methods consists in the vastness and depth of the excision of tissues. This factor is directly predetermined by the size of malignant neoplasms.

With a radical operation, in addition to the affected breast, regional lymphatic nodes eliminate. Based on the practice of oncologists, such a decision minimizes the risk of development of metastases into these structures of the body's immune system.

For a while, the woman will attend dressing. After operation, the doctor establishes when hygiene procedures can be carried out. It depends on the type of suture material, which was used during surgery. Previously, the deadline to take a shower - contraindicated.

Attention! Mastectomy does not predetermine the final state of the chest. At the request of a woman, after the healing of fabrics and, subject to the normal course of the recovery period, it can visit the plastic surgeon.

There are several types of operations that restore the appearance of the breast (including the installation of implants). Therefore, if oncologist recommends a mastectomy, it is inappropriate and unsafe to refuse the doctor's council in favor of conservation of the gland.

Chemotherapy

Ensures intravenous administration of a combination of strong-acting drugs. Finding into the body, they are concentrated on the site of the localization of breast cancer. Suppress further division of atypical cells and their growth, stop the malignant process.

Chemotherapy for breast cancer 2 stages are carried out as a separate type of treatment or after surgery. In this case, the goal of the approach is to prevent metastasis into remote authorities.

Preparations for the treatment of breast cancer are intended for intravenous administration, but they affect the wall of the blood vessel. Therefore, simultaneously with the passage of chemotherapy, you will need a local application that impede the formation of thromboms.

Treatment schemes:

• Standard combination of preparations - 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, cyclophosphane.
• If the tumor was reused, adhere to the same scheme, but instead of methotrexate use doxorubicin.
• During the development of metastases, taxol, thiophosphamide, vinblastine, doxorubicin is used.

The necessary treatment scheme is prescribed depending on the characteristics of the tumor process. The indicators of MRI, ultrasonic scanning of the breast and biopsy, which is accompanied by histological examination.

Radiation therapy

With 2 stages of the chest carcinoma, the radiation impact is not always applied. In 1 case, from 50, this type of treatment is combined with the operation or separately (before and after it). Dosage, the frequency of the procedure determines the attending physician.

Diet pattern

Nutrition for breast cancer 2 stages involves increased use of dried fruits, fresh greenery, green tea, low-fat fish, citrus, all types of nuts. The listed products are recognized as most useful both in the fight against malignant neoplasms and for the prevention of their development.

• smokers, canned;
• fried, oily, acute food;
• products saturated with refined fats substitutes;
• carbonated drinks;
• sausage products;
• products with dyes, stabilizers, thickeners;
• fat meat;
• semi-finished products.

With a malignant breast neoplary, coffee is not recommended, strong tea; It is forbidden by the reception of alcohol. It is important to abandon the use of snacks (crackers, chips), Fastfud.

Survival and forecast

2 The stage of breast cancer is known for a conditional favorable forecast. With a properly composed treatment and readiness of the patient to perform appointments, in 85% of cases, survival rate reaches 5 years. Upon reaching this period, the patient is removed from control in the oncodispere. An important meaning is the lifestyle of women throughout these 5 years. It is important to prevent hormonal imbalance, psycho-emotional overvoltage; Normalize food.

Output

Breast cancer in the 2 stages of their development refers to cancer diseases of malignant origin. The probability of complete elimination of the tumor process depends on the competent selection of treatment. The average set of survival duration is 5 years. If you promptly visit the doctor, not allow hormonal imbalance and chest injuries, it will be possible to minimize the risk of cancer.

In medical practice, oncological diseases are subject to mandatory classification. It helps to assign effective treatment, calculate the forecast.

Breast cancer is considered the most studied oncological process. The diagnosis of breast cancer is not a reason to lower the hands, since the disease can be defeated.

The second stage of oncooforming the breast refers to the early development of pathology. Experts allocate two types at this stage:

The first view is called 2a. For it, the differentiation of the neoplasm is characterized, the size of which does not reach two centimeters. The malignant process extends to 1-3 axillary nodes of the lymphatic system.

Another option may be the presence of 2-5 cm in size in a patient without lesion of lymph nodes. The body should not be secondary foci.

• The second type of stage is called 2V.In this case, the onbox does not exceed five centimeters, and the malignant process amazes 1-3 axillary nodes. The neoplasm is classified under the sector 2V even at large sizes, but the lymph nodes should not be affected. The presence of no more than two secondary foci is allowed.

Stage 2A

In stage 2a, patients may notice a symptom of wrinkles when capturing the gland to a fold, shallow wrinkles are noticeable on it. They are perpendicular to the fold.

Another symptom is the presence of a skin area on the chest with reduced elasticity, that is, it is not straighten immediately after infringement. About stage 2B says the presence of pupils on the skin.

The success of treatment depends on the correct and timely diagnosis. Studies are aimed at find out as much as possible about the degree of development of the oncoforming and the general condition of the body.

What can modern medicine

Treatment of oncology of breasts 2 stages implies surgical intervention, which is complemented by one or several types of therapy. Operations extracted in the process of operational intervention is mandatory investigated by the degree of change in malignant particles. The course of further treatment depends on these results.

One of the standard treatment schemes is the following sequence: Surgical intervention - chemotherapy - radiation irradiation - hormone therapy. Other options are possible.

Surgical intervention

Operational intervention during cancer 2 stages implies the removal of cancellation and neighboring breast tissues. It can be performed in the form of a lamectomy or mastectomy.

Limpectomy is a removal of tin formation only. After the procedure, part of the breast is preserved. The volume of the selection of the site can vary greatly depending on how affected by the adjacent tissue.

The remote area is sent to the study to identify cancer particles. If they are detected, the patient is carried out by re-selection, that is, re-excision.

Doctors adhere to what is better to hold a mastectomy. It includes the removal of the gland, the chest muscles and fatty fiber located in the axillary region. It is also possible to remove the axillary nodes of the lymphatic system, since they are most often foci of the distribution of metastases.

When breast cancer, 2 stages are made to conduct a mastectomy of Madden.It is considered the most gentle and includes the removal of the gland with a fatty tissue from the axillary region. The surgeon should make an incision, sequentially separate the skin from the gland, and then delay it from the muscles.

During the operation, it is important not to hurt a subclavian vein. After all manipulations, the patient is installed drainage, which is removed after 3-5 days. Completes the procedure for overlaying seams and sterile dressing.

On the 2 stages it is possible to restore the breast directly during the operation to remove it. A temporary stretch-stretcher is placed under the skin, which is then replaced by constant.

After a mastectomy, it happens later complication as a problem with hand, from which the chest was removed. This is due to impairment in muscle tissues, as well as with the removal of neighboring lymph nodes. The lemph current is disturbed, which leads to an edema of hand tissues.

This video clip schematically shows how Lampectomy and mastectomy are carried out:

Chemotherapy

Treatment involves the introduction of potent medicines into the body, which destroy malignant particles and block their further distribution. The greatest efficiency method was obtained in a complex with surgical intervention.

Chemotherapy is selected taking into account the treatment is carried out at 2 stages of the breast overcohoform. Also taken into account the defeat of the nodes of the lymphatic system, the hormonal state of the patient.

Basically, himotherapy is carried out by an intravenous-drip method. There are many treatment schemes. One of them is considered as follows: Cyclophosphane - methotrexate - fluorouracil.

Description of each drug from the diagram and its dosage:

• Cyclophosphane. The drug destroys tumor particles by the formation of transverse strokes in DNA threads and RNA. Assigned in the form of injections. The dosage is 3 mg / kg of a two-percent solution daily. For course, 4-14 g of substance are used.
• Methotrexat.The substance has antitumor, cytostatic, immunosuppressive effect. Used in tablets, 1-3 tablets are accepted for 24 hours.
• Formuracyl. It is an antimetabolit that destroys the structure of the DNA of the malignant particle. It is administered intravenously together with glucose mortar for three hours. The course consists of 7 days with a gradual reduction of the dose. The dosage is usually beginning with 0.015 g per 1 kg of patient mass. You can repeat the course after one to a month and a half.

The dosage of each drug and the duration of the reception depends on the individual characteristics of the patient.

Conducted therapy courses. This allows you to destroy the maximum amount of cancer cells. A total of 2-7 cycles of chemotherapy are prescribed, the exact amount determines the doctor.

Hormonotherapy

Usually hormone therapy is assigned at the final stage of treatment. Its duration can reach several years, so it's not necessary to hurry with it. In certain cases, for example, when breast cancer, 2 stages, hormone therapy is assigned at the beginning of treatment.

Its task in reducing the neoplasm before operational intervention so that instead of the mastectomy, there would be a lapectomy. Clinical studies have proven that in 46% of cases, the reception before the surgical intervention of hormonal drugs allows to preserve the body.

The main drugs that slow down either stop the impact of estrogen:

• Tamoxifen. Refers to a group of selective modulators of hormonal receptors. It is used for patients with hormonally positive oncooforming of breast 2 stages. It is accepted in the form of tablets 1-2 times a day at 20-40 mg.
• Arimidex. The drug refers to aromatase inhibitors. It is used to reduce the number of estrogen among patients during the postmenopause, on the 2 stages of the malignant process in the chest after surgery. Takes in the form of tablets 1 time per day at 1 mg for a long time.
• Faclodex. The only medication that destroys estrogen receptors located on the surface of the cells. Appointed with the ineffectiveness of other forms of hormonal treatment. Introduced in the form of injections of 250 mg per month.
• Zoladex. The substance suppresses the production of hormones by the pituitary gland, which stimulate the operation of the ovaries. It is introduced in the form of injections in the stomach. The dose depends on the amount of hormone in the blood.

Instead of applying drugs, suppress estrogen products by removing ovaries. The procedure is carried out an endoscopic method. Estrogen level decreases sharply. The process is irreversible, it leads to infertility and the onset of menopause.

Radiation therapy

The method involves the impact on oncorming ionizing radiation. In the 2 stages, radical therapy is carried out, which is aimed at the complete destruction of the neoplasm and the patient's cure.

The affected area of \u200b\u200bthe breast is exposed to irradiation and, if necessary, regional lymph nodes. It is part of a comprehensive treatment.

The irradiation is shown before and after surgery.

Therapy is performed in two versions:

• Outdoor - The procedure is carried out by a stationary X-ray apparatus for 35-40 sessions. The irradiation frequency is 5 times in 7 days. The course takes 1-1.5 months.
• Internal - The implant containing a radioactive drug is introduced under the skin of the affected breast. The session lasts about 5 minutes every day during the week.

The method does not apply if it has already been used for any other part of the body. In 70% of cases, it is not required after mastectomy. For the efficiency of the method, it is important to strictly follow the irradiation plan and finish it completely.

Survival

According to the latest data, five-year survival with breast cancer in 2 stages are high enough. Patients who started treatment in stage 2a survive in 88% of cases. Stage 2B gives a forecast of 76%.

Medicine does not stand still. Even in the occurrence of relapse, you can re-overcome pathology. Practice shows that the less onbox, the lower the likelihood of recurrence. But even the most experienced surgeon cannot give one hundred percent warranty about this, so the oncologist most often proposes to supplement the successful operational intervention of chemotherapy.

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The tumor of the chest, unfortunately, does not always turn out to be benign. In the modern world, each 10 women hear the diagnosis of "breast cancer". There are many reasons for the occurrence and development of breast cancer. Malignant neoplasm is so cunning and aggressively, which is capable of struck both glands at the same time.

Stage of Onkoovoli

Breast cancer - causes:

• overweight, is the main risk factor for the development of malignant breast tumors;
• smoking and excessive use of alcoholic beverages:
• late menopause;
• hormonal addiction;
• genetic predisposition;
• lack of children;
• endocrine disorders;
• nonspecific carcinogenic factors;
• cystic and fibrous mastopathy.

Each patient has its own illness. For example, revealed in the early stages are treated successfully. If the disease is running, the results can be deplorable.

It's important to know! In order to minimize the risk of disease, oncologists recommend avoiding abortions. On the contrary, frequent genera and long breastfeeding period reduce the existing risk of tumor development in the chest.

The reasons for the chest survey are associated with the advent of the first signs of breast cancer at an early stage. Often, the manifestation of some symptoms gives a woman a reason to alert and immediately consult a doctor.

Symptoms of breast cancer at the stage of the oncological process:

• change contour, form, reduction or increase breast size;
• discharge from the nipple without visible causes;
• redness of the skin of the nipple or all the breast;
• peeling of the skin;
• the appearance of the seal;
• an increase in lymph nodes;
• pain in the chest and the axillary zone;
• increasing body temperature;
• a sharp decline in weight, deterioration of appetite, fast fatigue and general malaise are common symptoms of breast cancer.

If you notice at least one of the symptoms, you should not be careless. Diagnosis on breast cancer must be carried out regularly to identify oncology in the early stages of its development.

Breast Cancer - Stages Classification

Oncologists allocate 4 main stages of breast cancer. Thanks to the classification, specialists are much easier to determine in which state is at the moment there is a tumor, how intense it is progressing. Based on the results already obtained, you should make any predictions and select a certain treatment. After all, the method of treating breast cancer depends precisely which stage of development of oncological disease is revealed.
Medicine allocates 4 stages of breast cancer, including 0 stage or step of the prejudice.

In turn, 2 and 3 stage is divided into:

• breast cancer 2 stages with subbands A, B;
• 3 Stage of breast cancer with subaddes A, B, C.

0 Chest Cancer Stage

The zero stage of breast cancer is mostly not invasive cancer in which the neoplasm does not apply to nearby fabrics.

It can be:

• lobular. The term "lobular" means that the lesion concerns the robes of the breast;
• atypical protocol (duktal) hyperplasia;
• atypical lobular (lobular) hyperplasia.

The presence of such precancerous conditions in women suggests that their body is predisposed to the development of breast cancer. Such patients costs medical examinations more often, and also do ultrasound and mammography of the mammary glands at least once a year.

1 stage of breast cancer

Oncological diseases in women are found very often. In many cases, the representatives of the beautiful half of breast cancer suffer. Several stages of this disease are distinguished. And although they argue that it is manifested in the last incurable stage, it is not always that way. The first stage of breast cancer also has its own symptoms.

At stage 1, an invasive tumor is already present. The tumor size ranges within 2 cm. The process of distribution to the closest fabric has not begun. In the lymph nodes there is no metastasis. If the disease is detected at stage 1, the treatment will be most effective, and the forecast is positive.

How to reveal breast cancer on stage 1?

Initial diagnosis is the passage of laboratory research and delivery of blood analysis by. One of the fastest methods of diagnosing breast cancer is a mammography. However, it is impossible to confirm the final diagnosis using this method. For this, a special thin-game biopsy and an immunohistochemical study is carried out. A biopsy is usually carried out lymphatic nodes in order to eliminate the likelihood of damage to nearby tissues. An additional diagnostic method is MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).

It is worth noting! At the diagnostic stage, these patients are not shown a thorough radiological examination, including computer tomography of lungs and liver, scintigraphy of the skeleton bones.

Treatment of breast cancer on stage 1

Thanks to the professional diagnosis, oncologists have the opportunity to choose the most effective complex of treatment. With the fact that breast cancer of the stage 1 is considered very early, and, accordingly, treatment will be more gentle, rather than in the late stages of the development of the disease. At this stage of the development of the oncology of the breast, a malignant tumor was only formed and still did not have time to spread to the entire body.

Treatment of breast cancer at stage 1 includes traditional methods of therapy:

• with the need of hormone therapy.

Surgical treatment of breast cancer 1 degree

The organ-powder operation in patients with breast cancer 1 is performed from peri- or para-amaric access after separating the skin from the tissue of the breast using electrocoagulation. Let's say access from submarine fold or over the tumor. In the presence of signs of scuboping of the skin over the tumor and with invasive Dolkotka carcinoma, the operational treatment in volume is not less than segmental resection. Stencinal biopsy and lampadectomy can be performed through separate access in the axillary region. Operational intervention can be combined with reduction mammoplasty or various types of mastoplexia. It is simultaneously permissible to perform a corrective operation in contralateral breast.

Types of organ-bearing resection within healthy tissues with a minimum range of excision:

• lampectomy (sectoral resection) - the tumor is excised to the fascia with at least 1 cm. surrounding tissues;
• tyletomy (segmental resection) - excision of a skin tumor over it to fascia, with at least 1 cm. surrounding tissues;
• quadrantectomy - excision of a tumor with skin removal over it, with subject to fascia, within the limits of non-changed surrounding tissues, as a rule, more than 2 cm.
• mastectomy is an operational intervention, in which the chest is completely removed, nearest lymph nodes are also removed.

It is worth noting! All types of organ-powdering operations are carried out with a subsequent urgent cytological study of smears of the remote sector lodge and a hydrochloric space, as well as with biopsy of semal lymph nodes, followed by radiation therapy.

Radiation therapy with breast cancer 1 stage

Radiation therapy is carried out after a complete healing of postoperative wounds. It is aimed at reducing the cases of recurrence and is shown to all patients after the organ-grumbling operation. Irradiation of the remaining part of the breast Rod 1.8 - 2.5 gr, soda 50 gr; 30 - 37 fractions (5 fractions per week). + Summing up additional dose on the bed of the tumor (boom) 10 - 16 grams. The duration of the irradiation course is 6 - 7 weeks (in the absence of a local radiation reaction).

Patients over 70 years old with hormone-dependent tumors and negative edges of resection can be abandoned from radiation therapy without prejudice to survival.

Chemotherapy for breast cancer 2 stages

Chemotherapy for breast cancer is assigned in the presence of adverse prediction factors:

• the degree of malignancy G2-3;
• the presence of peritumoral invasion of vessels;
• lack of expression of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone (PGR), hyperExpression or amplification HER-2 / NEU;
• high level of Marker proliferation Ki-67\u003e 14% three times-negative basal-like breast cancer.

• three drugs: 5-fluorouracil + +;
• during relapses or metastases - + hydrochloride + cyclophosphane;
• in metastases - taxol (paclitaxel) + + thiophosphamide + doxorubicin.

Preparations are introduced intravenously. Duration of chemotherapy 4-6 cycles.

Hormonotherapy in patients with breast cancer I stage when expression of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone (PGR) ≥ 3 points are carried out by the assignment of tamoxifen (not accepted simultaneously with antidepressants - selective serotonin absorption inhibitors) at 20 mg per day for 5 years.

In case of intolerance of tamoxifen and / or with side effects, aromatase inhibitors are used in combination with vitamin D, and calcium preparations for (ER +, PR ±), (ER ±, PR +) and (HER-2 expression 3+):

• letrozol 2.5 mg per day;
• anastrosol 1 mg per day;
• ecseax 25 mg per day.

Breast Cancer 1 Stage: Forecast

Lifespan with breast cancer 1 degree shows positive results, since the neoplasm of small sizes and almost 90% manage to remove the tumor surgically. After the treatment of breast cancer at such an early stage of its development, a woman is rapidly restored. The main thing is to be confident in your recovery and not lose the power of the Spirit.

Breast Cancer 2 Stages

What to repel when determining the stage of breast cancer?

The stages are based on:

• tumor dimensions;
• prevalence of the process and germination into the surrounding tissues;
• the presence of metastases in regional (axillary, above and connectible) lymphatic nodes;
• the presence of remote metastases of internal organs and tissues (liver, lungs, brain, skeleton bones and spine, etc.).

Setting such a diagnosis as cancer, of course, makes the majority of women fall into despair and lower hands. After such news, I don't want to do anything, only to look for any miraculous means from different healers. Many women from ignorance and despair are engaged in "healing" fasting, which does not optimistically affect the course of the disease, leading the body into a state of weakening and exhaustion.

If you refer to the statistics data, then about 80% of women win the oncological disease, but only if it is revealed at an early stage. Of course, just to identify not enough. It is very important that all the treatment of breast cancer is comprehensive and not interrupted.

What is 2 breast cancer stage and what is the forecast?

2nd Tumor Stage

2 The degree of breast cancer is even an early stage of this type of disease. However, this is already a malignant tumor, the size of which reaches 5 cm. Also in the second stage, lymphatic nodes are affected in the area of \u200b\u200bthe armpits. The defeat is characterized by the fact that lymph nodes do not have adhesions among themselves and other tissues. If there are spikes, it indicates inflammation, the focus of the tumor, which is caused by the spread of the tumor itself to other organs. The presence of adhesions is the first sign that the 2 degrees go to the 3rd.

Among all the stages of cancer, only the second and third is divided into subspecies. This is necessary in order to distinguish patients with the volume of the required surgical intervention, the type of chemotherapy, as well as radiation treatment.

Signs and types of 2 breast cancer stages:

• 2a podstadia. Tumor dimensions exceed 2 cm. The tumor is distributed to lymph nodes. If the tumor size is up to 5 cm., And the nodes are not affected, in 81% of cases this species ends with recovery of patients. Such statistics provides American cancer society;
• 2V Podstadia. It is characterized by a tumor diameter of 5 and more see, with further distribution to several nodes.

How to recognize the disease?

To begin with, to detect breast cancer, you must carefully follow the condition of the chest, feel and inspect it every day. If the solidified nodules, seals or an uneven surface have become noticeable, it should be alerted and becoming a reason for immediate appeal to oncologam. Next should be followed, there is no discharge from the nipple, sudden changes in the shape of the chest or the color of the nipple. The ideal option is to visit the doctor once a year for the diagnosis of glands, the passage of ultrasound and inspection by a mammologist.

Diagnostics of breast cancer 2nd degree

Tumors, which are regarded as breast cancer 2 degrees, have a rather bright symptoms, which allows you to determine the disease is simple enough. All that requires this sufficient attention to its body and to the changes that occur in it.

Palpation and inspection of the mammary glands is a simple diagnostic procedure, during which nodal formations are found in the thickness of the breast, which in turn becomes the main reason for the appeal of women to the doctor. That is why breast cancer 2 degrees, most often, takes place when setting the primary diagnosis.

In the second stage, cancer tumors can achieve sufficiently large sizes, it is investigating them to investigate them without applying additional research methods.

Detailed diagnostics are carried out using such methods:

• Ultrasound for patients up to 40 years;
• mammography of the older generation of women;
• MRI to determine the presence of metastasis;
• on breast cancer;
• followed by histological examination of the material;
• the study of lymphatic nodes is carried out as an additional examination of the presence of metastasis;
• scintigraphy;
• CT abdominal cavity;
• general blood and urine tests.

It's important to know! The histological examination of the suspicious area is carried out in order to determine the nature of the tumor, namely whether 2 stage of breast cancer is confirmed, or the tumor is in another stage of development.

Treatment of breast cancer 2 stages

Depending on the size of the tumor, the course of therapy chemotherapy can be assigned, both before and after the operation.

It is worth noting! The treatment of breast cancer 2 of the stage has similarities with breast cancer therapy in the 1st stage of the disease.

You can achieve positive treatment results when applying the following methods of therapy:

• Surgery

Breast cancer 2 degrees: Treatment implies a radical operation, the volume of which can only be determined by the attending physician. This can be like mastectomy and organ-powdering type of operation (sectoral resection, quadrantectomy of the breast). If lymphatic nodes are affected, they are also removed by the Operal way.

• Chemotherapy

Cancer cells are destroyed by means of potent modern drugs. Use chemotherapy to treat any type of oncology. Therapeutic schemes and the duration of the course reception may differ depending on the individual characteristics of the cancer.

• Radiation therapy

This type of therapy does not always have. Use it in a complex with surgical treatment or is part of a comprehensive medical program.

Life expectancy with breast cancer 2 degrees

Breast cancer in the second stage is a relatively favorable form of the disease, despite the fact that it belongs to the group of malignant tumors, more than 80% of patients overcome the 5-year round of survival. After passing this period, observation of the patients is not conducted, because it is believed that the disease can no longer recur. Cancer 2 of the degrees of breasts with properly chosen treatment is characterized by a favorable outcome and survival rate is 80-85%.

Breast Cancer 3 Stages

Very often, oncologists refer to the degree 3 and position it with one of the most serious forms of the disease occurring in 10% of patients. It manifests itself, first of all, redness of the skin on the chest. As a rule, it is warm and often covered with orange crust or verses. A seal may also be observed, but it is not necessary to confuse the usual seal when mastitis with inflammatory cancer. Very often formed not a simple seal, but a clear node. This indicates the spread of "other" cells on the tissue, which leads to their spawning. Such a tumor does not have a contour and is often accompanied by a change in the shape of the breast.

Breast cancer 3 stages, more serious and dangerous for the life and health status of a woman. He also has three substards: 3a, 3B, 3c. The third stage can be characterized by the active movement of cells on the nearest sections of the fabric. The basic symptoms of the disease begin to manifest. In addition to seals in the fields of breast and axillary pits, transparent or blood discharge can begin, complete breast deformation and the change in the structure and color of the skin.

The third stage can be divided into species:

• 3a podstadia.The tumor can be greater than or less than 5 cm. In the first case, the tumor begins to spread to lymph nodes in the chest areas. The second option is about the same, only on the side of the cancer process;
• 3V Podstadia. The tumor has already reached the walls of the chest, or the skin has nevertheless. In this case, the cancer spread to lymph, as well as nodes in the field of sternum. To this stage, an inflammatory cancer can be attributed when the chest bluses and swell;
• 3С Podstadia.Tumor, maybe any size. The disease rapidly metastasizes in all groups of lymph nodes (axillary, percussion, shaven).

Stage III-A

Stage III-B

Treatment 3 of the stage of breast cancer

The main method of treatment 3 of the breast cancer stage is a complex attack on a tumor, which includes chemotherapy and hormone therapy. And only after the medical events conducted, a decision was made on operational intervention. With a positive result of surgeons, the therapeutic process of chemotherapy or targeted ionized irradiation is enshrined.

However, when tumor necrosis, bleeding or abscess formation, treatment is starting with surgery (palliative radical mastectomy). And later, after the operation was performed, chemo and radiation therapy apply.

Chemotherapy is carried out with the help of cytostatic drugs that destroy the mechanism of dividing cancer cells and thereby destroy them.

These drugs include:

• preparations of platinum (cytoplastin, tryptin et al.);
• preparations of the taxa group (, taxa, paclitax, plexsen, etc.);
• preparations of group alkaloids of Barwinka (, Vinblastine, Mavex);
• derivatives of oxazafosphorins (endoxane, maphosphamide, trophosfamide, etc.);
• derivatives of fluoropyrimidine carbamate (), etc.

The chemotherapy of breast cancer can be carried out as the only method of treatment, as well as to reduce the size of the tumor before its surgical removal and stopping the formation of metastases after the operation.

Surgical interventionIt is the removal of the tumor and part of the surrounding tissues (lamectomy). Mastectomy - is carried out in most clinical cases of breast oncology - removal of all breasts.

Radiation therapy for breast cancer, as well as other methods of therapy destroys cancer cells under the influence of radioactive irradiation. Radiation therapy can complement chemotherapy and surgical removal of breast tumor.

Hormone therapy is carried out with patients only with hormone-dependent neoplasms, that is, if there are receptor cancer cells to estrogen and progesterone. Prescribed preparations of groups of aromatase inhibitors, which include anastrosol, letrozole or Eksemetan.

The combined treatment of breast cancer stages involves an individual selection and simultaneous or alternate use of all methods, therapy.

Life expectancy with breast cancer 3 degrees

Already at the 3rd stage, cancer is considered to be incurable. However, it is quite realistic to extend the life for one decade, especially if it is only the initial 3rd degree of development.

It has already been mentioned that at the third stage, the cells begin to actively share and capture the free space of neighboring tissues. Statistics of breast cancer 3 stages say that the forecast for successful treatment can be observed only in 30% of patients. However, afraid of early. If you correctly organize treatment and comply with the recommendations of the oncologist, you can defeat cancer.

Breast cancer 4 stages

The most serious problem of oncology is the launched stage of the oncological process, that is, 3 or 4 degree. The presence of such forms of neoplasms is alarming, since modern diagnostic conditions are put on a rather high level. It is explained by the fact that the majority of patients neglect their health and do not carefully respond close to the presence of signs of the disease.

Breast cancer 4 stages are usually incurable. This is due to the development of the oncological process not only within the mammary glands, the axillary region, nodes and main organs, including the brain, are also affected. Cancer cells (metastases) are distributed throughout the body and penetrate into the lungs, liver, bones and other organs. Without a doubt, cancer 4 degrees is the most severe form of a breast cancer.

What is this cancer and what is the probability of survive?

IV Stage

What do the 4th stage of breast cancer are meant?

1. The presence of oncological education in one or both of the milk glasses. The tumor can germinate through the entire thickness of the breast and go beyond its limits. The neoplasm reaches very large sizes and extends to: bones, muscles, intragenic lymph nodes and lymphatic collectors of the axillary region.
2. Tumor of any sizes with remote metastases in the internal organs.
3. Breast cancer is accompanied.

Causes of late diagnosis of breast cancer:

• later appeal to medical care;
• old age (60-80 years;
• rapid and rapid progression of cancer;
• the recurrence of cancer and progression of the disease after a radical treatment. This part of the crayfish 4 stages belongs to a weighty place in the overall structure of breast cancer running. Most often, this is possible in the treatment of women with 3 cancer stages, when the tumor went beyond the mammary gland or gave large metastases to the axillary lymph nodes.

Diagnosis of breast cancer 4 stages are not difficult. You do not need to be a large specialist in order to determine the explicit tumor in the breast or in the area of \u200b\u200bthe axillary fifth, which is performed by increased lymph nodes.

At this stage of the development of the oncology of the mammary glands, such symptoms appear as:

• changes in the shape of the breast;
• resizing (increase or reduced chest);
• purulent and bloody discharge from a nipple with an unpleasant odor;
• redness, chest peeling;
• severe pain;
• the jaggility of the skin in the metastatic lesion of the liver;
• headache, pain in the bones.

Treatment of metastatic breast cancer 4 stages

Unfortunately, at this stage, it is difficult to deal with breast cancer, and this fight does not give positive results, as in 4 stages, it is possible to speak only about the extension of life and relief.

There are many species and types of breast cancer, and each in its own way is distinguished by the degree of aggressiveness and the propagation of cancer cells. Some rapidly give metastases, others, being in 4 stages have single metastases. The effectiveness of treatment depends on this. Treat metastatic breast cancer is comprehensively.

The main methodology for treating such a launched disease remains combined drug therapy, which should include the use of powerful drugs of chemotherapy, if necessary, hormone therapy, drug therapy drugs (naturally only in sensitive to such treatment of persons).

If the tumor is not large and there are single metastases in lungs and liver, it is possible to carry out a combined operational intervention, after which it is necessary to conduct a course of chemotherapy, hormone therapy and radiation therapy if necessary. The operation is carried out to remove one or both of the mammary glands, as well as resection of liver or lung segments affected by metastases.

Also, the operational intervention in the removal of the breast is carried out to facilitate the symptoms, which are due to the decay of the neoplasm. Before and after operational intervention, courses are prescribed chemical and radiation therapy.

Essential patients who are inappropriate to carry out the operation. They are injected with painkillers that help reduce pain and improve well-being.

Breast Cancer 4 Stage, What is the forecast and life expectancy?

It is worth noting that survival predictions for the 4 breast cancer stage are quite modest. And if, with the initial stages of the development of malignant breast neoplasm, 5-nia survival is about 85% or even 90% of patients, then with a 4th degree of lesion of the female organism, with a diagnosis of breast cancer, the percentage of five-year survival is negligible and is not more than 10% .

In any case, even with such a scary diagnosis, sit, folded up - no way out of position. Many women at this stage of the disease with the help of chemotherapy and hormone therapy have been able to extend their lives for many years. The main thing is not to give up!

Informative video

2014-01-16 11:37:40

Svetlana asks:

Hello!
My mother (58 years) breast cancer T2N2M0 Stage 3A. The stage was set after surgery in a private clinic. According to the arrival in the oncological center for further treatment (radiation and chemotherapy), the doctor said that we made a mistake that treatment was necessary! Start with chemotherapy. But since we started with the operation, the probability of recurrence is very large. We turned into a private clinic, because in the oncodispere huge queues. We decided not to wait to not delay the time, and in the clinic they were told that it was best to start with the operation.
My question:
- Does preoperative chemotherapy affect survival and further forecast?
- Did we have a mistake starting from the operation?

Histology: C-R left breast, invasive carcinoma of non-specific type with vascular microisseum, mesenchial reaction of surrounding tissues T2N2MX. Unpoliferative fibrous-cystic mastopathy. In all Lymph nodes of MTS Cancer with invasion in the vessels growing into the surrounding tissue.
Analysis on hormone sensitivity is still preparing.

Replies Filonenko Andrei Grigorievich:

Good afternoon, Svetlana.
- Does preoperative chemotherapy affect survival? Preoperative chemotherapy makes it easier to carry out the operation and reduces the risk of leaving the tumor cells when removing. However, if the surgeon did everything as it should, then there will be no relapse.
- Did we make a mistake? I would not talk about the error. Firstly, it is simply not ethical, and secondly what is done, it is done, and it is impossible to return backward back. In general, the grain of truth in the words of the doctor is. Indeed, in the presence of large lymph nodes in the armpit, the treatment is recommended to start not from the operation, but from chemotherapy. However, this does not mean that now everything has lost and the result of treatment will be bad. Treatment must be continued. In the end, tightening time because of the queue is also a mistake, and it is still unknown what would be worse.

2013-12-16 17:06:47

Asks Marina:

Hello, please tell me what is the probability of survive after the operation of breast cancer 3 stage? What are the forecasts

Replies:

Hello, Marina! To determine the forecast for survival is not enough to know the stage of breast cancer stage, additional information is needed - the histological structure of the tumor, the degree of differentiation, the sensitivity of the tumor tissue to hormones, the age of women, concomitant diseases, reaction to the therapy, etc. The attending physician has all this information - it is with him that all issues relating to the forecast of the disease should be discussed. Take care of health!

2012-06-24 11:40:33

Asks Natalia:

Hello I am 34 years old breast cancer 2A T1 N1MO tumor was 1.6 cm Hormone-dependent Ki67-5% Fish Definalized 9 lymph nodes in one was a micrometastase 0.25The system operation 4 red chemistry and 4 taxols now pass 33 rays Plus Plus Lucarina time every three months And since July Tamoxifen. What do you think treatment is right that I get the rays only 7 months after surgery? And do I have a chance to complete recovery? Many thanks for the answers !!!

2011-07-02 14:11:24

Asks Olesya:

Hello from my mom breast cancer 2 stage. Associated chemotherapy and then operation, but she has 11 years ago there was a stroke and she hypertensive. How chemotherapy will affect her health. How many people live with such a disease? And how do you feel about the traditional cancer medicine? (Various juices and herbs)? Thank you in advance.

Replies Bondar Olga Sergeevna:

Hello. A history of history is not an absolute contraindication for chemotherapy, as well as hypertension, which should be simply compensated for before the beginning of antitumor treatment. Question "How many people live?" - wrong address. The folk medicine in oncology is very bad.

2011-05-22 13:02:25

Nata asks:

Hello! Mom removed the right chest? Breast cancer 2 stage and sent to histology. What will it give? And what further treatment will we wait for? How is it effective 2 stage? Thank you

Replies Heavenly Evgeny Vasilyevich:

Hello! There are specially spent techniques. and approved programs. The second stage is far from the end of life. It is difficult to say how much your mom will live, but not less than 7-10 years old. And maybe in some cases and up to 15, and in very rare, it will look as much as it is written on the genus. Do not despair! I repeat: Strictly follow the doctor's appointment. These techniques are tested on thousands of patients all over the world, including in such a high-tech country as the United States. Our techniques are similar and sometimes able to work wonders.

2011-05-19 15:10:04

Asks Gulaya:

Good day! I am 28 years old recently discovered breast cancer 2a of the stage, an operation was carried out to remove the tumor and lymph nodes. I was prescribed radiation therapy. I would like to know after what time you can give birth without consequences for a child ???

2011-03-11 10:24:13

Love asks:

I am registered in the oncodispere about breast cancer. Left milk iron is removed. According to the results of histology, the diagnosis is as follows: Breast cancer of the first stage, Metostasis in lymph nodes and other bodies were not found. In April last year, he received the 3rd group of disability. For me, it only because of the fact that my work is connected with lifting severity. And according to doctors, I did not have the right to disability, since "Milk Iron is not a vital organ." Is it so? And where to go from the pain that worried every day? For all this, I have amazed kidney and liver polycystosis. And about this, doctors said "Live while you live." And I just 48 years old. As with these sores to live on, as the time of investing comes already this year by April. Since first of May, the payment of pension will be discontinued.

Replies Medical consultant portal "Site":

Hello, love! Your question regarding the procedure for establishing disability after a breast cancer is related to the category of frequently asked questions on the topic "Breast cancer, RC breast, RMW." You can read the answer by following the link http: // "Title \u003d" (! Lang: breast cancer, breast cancer, RMZH" target="_blank">www.. Что касается поликистоза почек, то здесь важен не сам диагноз, а последствия заболевания и их влияние на трудовую деятельность. Обсудите инвалидности по поводу поликистозного поражения почек с Вашим нефрологом. Берегите здоровье!!}

2011-02-03 17:48:50

Asks Natasha:

A year and a half ago, breast cancer was transferred 2 stages, the tumor was 1.6 cm and one lymph node is amazed, hormone-dependent, operation to remove only segment, chemical impex therapy and radiation therapy. Yesterday, the ultrasound was found a change in tissues in the field of operation, the mammogram is clean, but I am sent to the biopsy. Perhaps this is a relapse and what can wait for me at this stage. When there is no tumor but only a change in tissue within one centimeter?

Replies Bondar Olga Sergeevna:

Good day. Make a biopsy. If recurrence is possible, the excision of the tissue is possible, possibly radiation therapy, chemotherapy. Tactics of treatment depends on the preceding treatment and results of a full examination.

2011-01-15 18:33:16

Asks Alena:

Hello! Please tell me the prediction of the cure three times of the negative breast cancer 2a. The presence of metostasis and lymph nodes is unknown. Operation Sectoral resection Tumor 2.5cm.nne 37 years. I really want to live. Thank you very much.

Replies Bondar Olga Sergeevna:

Good day. To estimate the forecast, a complete examination is necessary - computed tomography of the organs of the chest and abdominal cavity, a small pelvis with intravenous amplification.
If there are no metastases, then when carrying out the relevant postoperative chemotherapy, the probability of cure is about 70%.

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