Educational activities carried out in the course of sensitive moments require the definition of special forms of work in accordance with the objectives of the upbringing, training and development of the child. First of all, it is necessary to determine the specificity of the tasks implemented in this educational activity. In educational activities carried out during regime moments, the beginning of work on the topic can be organized, then in the process of organized educational activity children’s knowledge is generalized and systematized, generalized ways of children's activities are formed, which in turn allows the child to show independence and creativity.
Another way is possible when the start of work on a topic is organized educational activity, and then knowledge and skills are further used in educational activities carried out during regime moments and in independent children's activities. A common feature of educational situations, designed by the teacher in the educational activities carried out in sensitive moments, is the focus on cooperation with children in solving educational problems, the establishment of the partnership nature of their relationship. The educational situation acts as part of a wider and diverse forms of work of a teacher with children.
Consider the features of educational activities organized in regime moments.
The educational activities carried out in the morning segment include:
Observations in the corner of nature; the activities of adults (for example, table setting for breakfast);
Individual games and games with small subgroups of children (didactic, educational, plot, musical, mobile, etc.);
Creation of practical, game, problem situations and situations of communication, cooperation, humane manifestations, care for the kids in kindergarten, manifestations of emotional responsiveness to adults and peers;
Work assignments (serving breakfast tables, taking care of indoor plants, etc.);
Conversations and conversations with children about their interests;
Examination of didactic pictures, illustrations, viewing video materials of various content;
Individual work with children in accordance with the tasks of different educational areas;
Motor activity of children, whose activity depends on the content of organized educational activities in the first half of the day;
Work on raising cultural and hygienic skills and health culture in children.
The educational activities carried out during the walk include:
Outdoor games and exercises aimed at optimizing the mode of physical activity and improving the health of children;
Observations on objects and phenomena of nature, aimed at establishing a variety of relationships and dependencies in nature, education attitudes towards it;
Experimenting with objects of inanimate nature;
Plot-role and constructive games (with sand, snow, natural and other material);
Elementary child labor activities at the kindergarten site;
Free communication teacher with children.
The educational activities carried out in the afternoon include various forms of work with children (we will discuss them in more detail).
A joint game of an educator and children (plot-role-playing, directorial, play-dramatization, construction and constructive games) is aimed at enriching the content of creative games, mastering children’s playing skills necessary for the further organization of independent play.
Situations of communication and the accumulation of positive social and emotional experience are problematic in nature and recreate a vital problem close to children of preschool age, in the resolution of which they are directly involved. Such situations can be of a real-practical nature (assistance to children, elders), conditionally-verbal character (based on life stories or stories of literary works) and imitation-games. In situations of conditionally verbal character, the educator enriches the ideas of children about the experience of solving various problems, causes the children to have a sincere conversation, connects the content of the conversation with the personal experience of children. In real-practical situations, children gain experience in showing a caring, sympathetic attitude towards people, taking part in important matters (“We plant seedlings for flowers”, “We decorate kindergarten for the holiday ", etc.). Situations can be planned by the educator in advance, and may arise in response to events that occur in the group, to help resolve problems that arise.
The creative workshop provides children with the conditions for the use and application of knowledge and skills. Workshops are diverse in their topics, content, such as needlework, familiarization with folk crafts ("Visiting folk craftsmen"), viewing educational presentations, art gallery, book corner or library design ("Typography Workshop", "Visiting a fairy tale" ), games and collecting. The beginning of a workshop is usually a task around a word, melody, drawing, object, or memory. Then follows the work with the most diverse material: word, sound, color, natural materials, diagrams and models. And it is necessary to include children in reflexive activity: an analysis of their feelings, thoughts, attitudes (why were they surprised? What did they learn? What was pleased?). The result of the work in the creative workshop is the creation of homemade books, children's magazines, drawing up travel routes to nature, the design of the collection, the creation of children's handicraft products, etc.
The musical-theatrical and literary living room (children's studio) is a form of organizing artistic and creative activities of children, involving the perception of musical and literary works, the creative activities of children and free communication with the teacher on literary or musical material.
Sensory and intellectual training is a system of tasks primarily of a game character, ensuring the development of a system of sensory standards (colors, forms, spatial relationships, etc.), ways of intellectual activity (ability to compare, classify, compose serialization series, systematize by any attribute, etc. ). These include educational games, logical exercises, entertaining tasks.
Children's leisure is an activity purposefully organized by adults for play, entertainment, and recreation. As a rule, health and outdoor games, musical and literary, are organized in kindergarten. It is possible to organize leisure activities in accordance with the interests and preferences of children (in the senior preschool age). In this case, leisure is organized as a circle. Circles can be, for example, for practicing handicrafts, artistic work, etc.
Collective and individual labor activity is socially useful and is organized as household work and labor in nature. Manual labor serves as a means of realizing creative abilities in children, and is a source for the formation of a child’s independence. Educational activities in regime moments in the second half of the day are organized with small subgroups of children or with a group as a whole (for example, leisure, music and literary drawing room). In parallel, children are given the opportunity to organize independent activities according to their interests. The atmosphere of freedom of choice, creative exchange and self-expression is created by the educator. The subgroups use the method of joint discussion with children and the subsequent practical choice of activities: which games to play, what and how best to decorate the group for the holiday, which exhibits to prepare for the exhibition, which activity centers children prefer to act in today, etc. The main thing is to make a child the practical choice allowed him to successfully solve the task set by the tutor, to understand and evaluate the connection between the goal and the result obtained.
November 22, 2015
Natalya Oleynik
Educational activities in regime points in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standards
AT compliance with the requirements of the GEF educational decision tasks are carried out not only within educational activitiesjoint and self activitiesbut also in regime moments.
Regime Moments - This is a daily work that is carried out throughout the time of the children in the pre-school. In this activities solve such educational tasks as:
Formation of the general culture of children
Culture of behavior, communication
Nutrition, sleep, health
Security vital activity
The development of personal and physical qualities
Prerequisites for training activities
Carrying out educational activities in regimes I take into account not only the individual characteristics of children, their mood, their preference for one or another type activitiesbut also try to organize regime moments soso that they reflect all kinds of directions educational activities: verbal, social and communicative, physical, artistic and aesthetic, cognitive.
Regime Moments planned both in the first and in the afternoon.
Reception of children.
Affectionate, friendly reception of children is an important condition for creating a good mood of children. During the morning reception we cultivate a common culture of children's behavior — the habit of greeting, talking in a calm voice, and not shouting. Draw attention to the appearance of children, encourages the desire to look neat.
So that children do not go idle, do not interfere with others, I try to include children in that view activitieswhich is most interesting to them in this moment: games with other children, a toy that you liked before, board games, puzzles, inserts, games by sensation, if a child expresses a desire, you can entrust him with a feasible work assignment.
At the reception I spend individual conversations. You can ask what the child saw on the way to the kindergarten, discuss the weather, seasonal changes in nature.
Group-wide conversations on lexical topics are also held. ("Pets. Birds"; "Beautiful winter. New Year" and etc.) I will use the consideration of the subject pictures.
Finger gymnastics, pronouncing podshek, onomatopoeia exercise is carried out with the advice of speech therapists.
In the formation of cultural and hygienic skills, I effectively use poetry reading about water, its benefits. In brief conversations I acquaint children with the importance of the importance of water in people's lives, about the need for the careful use of water resources. In the process of washing, we specify the name of the washing accessories from which material they are made. We call them color, shape, clarify the properties of water.
During the meal, situational conversations about the rules of behavior at the table are held ("To avoid trouble, let us remember the rules of eating., The benefits of healthy food, we specify the name of the dishes used in cooking. Draw children's attention to how the tables are covered, the availability of cutlery, their location and purpose.
Preparing for a walk is moment active communication with children. In the process of dressing with children, I support a conversation with children about the purpose of clothing items, their seasonal purpose, we specify the name of the materials from which they are made, the details of clothing. All this contributes to the expansion and activation of the vocabulary of children. While dressing, we repeat our favorite poems, children's songs, and rhymes. Reading such podeshki as "Here they are boots: this one with the right leg, this one with the left leg. "makes the shoeing process more relaxed and successful.
During the walk, I encourage the children to carry it out for the benefit of their physical development. For this purpose, outdoor games are developed that develop speed, agility, and endurance. I spend individual work on the development of movements (balance, jumping, throwing at the target, distance, etc.)
When conducting feasible economic work on the site I will repeat conversations about the appointment of tools, their safe use. I contribute to the development of a respectful attitude to work, people performing this work.
The most important component of the walk is the observation of animate and inanimate nature. Reading poems about what we observe, making mysteries about natural phenomena, pets, familiarity with signs, proverbs and sayings contributes to the emotional responsiveness of children. expands their horizons, contributes to the revitalization and enrichment of the vocabulary of children.
Upon returning from a walk, I encourage children not only to take independent actions, but also bring up the desire to provide all possible assistance to each other when they undress, which contributes to bringing children closer together, to the establishment of friendly relationships. I make sure that the children gently put things in the closet, fosters respect for personal belongings, accuracy.
Daytime sleep is necessary for a good rest of children. At bedtime, we air all the rooms. Talking about the health benefits of sleep with the influx of fresh air, held in a relaxed manner, contribute to the formation of the desire to take care of their health. Narrated in the bedroom poteshka, sung in a calm, gentle voice of the lullaby causes in children a positive attitude to sleep.
One of the important moments of its activity I consider daily reading with children. It can be like already familiar, beloved works and acquaintance with new ones. The behavior of the heroes of the tale, their actions, personal qualities are vivid examples of moral behavior. Emotionally read work causes a lively response in children. Helps to understand and realize the beauty of the surrounding nature, the complexity of human relationships, promotes understanding good and evil. Together with the children, we consider bright illustrations in books, discuss what we have seen, share our impressions. The artistic word is one of the means of moral and aesthetic education.
So organized images educational activities in regime moments contributes to the successful implementation of many educational tasks.
Publications on the topic:
Educational activities in regime moments Regime moments for one day Day of week Content of work Material, equipment Forms of the organization of children's activities, theme, software.
Work in regimes with the children of the speech therapy group (FFN) -sound [K] Classes in the modal moments with the children of the speech therapy group (FFN) - sound "K". The development of articulation motility. Formation of the respiratory.
Integrated directly educational activities in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard “How a goat hut built” Directly educational activities (Integrated). The topic "How a goat hut built" The average group. Teacher: Arykova.
Over the past few years and now there is a stormy process of implementing the CMD for teaching children Tatar and native language.
Joint educational activities in sensitive times with children of senior preschool age Purpose: development of the speech of children. Objectives: to improve the ability to word formation (the formation of words with different suffixes, diminutive.
Objectives: 1. Expand children's understanding of the diversity of birds. 2. Formation of ideas about the life of birds in the winter. 3. Formation.
Image Library:
In the context of modernization of domestic education, Russian preschool educational institutions actively restructured their own work in accordance with the new regulatory document - the Federal State Educational Standard preschool education (GEF). Federal state requirements for the structure of the basic general educational program of preschool education orient teachers to “solving programmatic educational tasks in joint activities adult and children and children's independent activities, not only in the framework of educational activities directly, but also when conducting regime moments in accordance with the specifics of pre-school education. ”
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"Organization
educational activities during the modal moments "
In the context of the modernization of domestic education, Russian pre-school educational institutions actively restructured their work in accordance with the new regulatory and legal document - the Federal State Educational Standard of pre-school education (GEF).
Federal state requirements for the structure of the basic general educational program of preschool education orient teachers to "solving programmatic educational tasks in joint activities of adults and children and children's independent activities not only within the framework of educational activities, but also when conducting regime moments in accordance with the specifics of preschool education." At the same time, educational activities in regime times should not be considered as an addition to educational activities directly. In educational activities in the modal moments are solvedtasks:
the formation of a common culture of children of preschool age (culture of behavior, communication, activities, nutrition, sleep, health, life safety, etc., the development of their physical, intellectual, personal qualities and the prerequisites of learning activities.
Health protection and the formation of the basis of a health culture;
Formation in children of the fundamentals of the safety of their own life and the prerequisites of environmental awareness (the safety of the outside world)
Mastering the initial social notions and including children in the system of social relations
Formation in children of a positive attitude to work.
Forms of educational activities in the mode of the day:
Outdoor games with rules (including folk), game exercises, motor pauses, sports jogs, competitions and holidays, physical culture minutes;
Improving and tempering procedures, health-saving events, thematic conversations and stories, computer presentations, creative and research projects, exercises on the development of cultural and hygienic skills;
Analysis of problem situations, game situations on the formation of a safety culture, conversations, stories, practical exercises, walks along the ecological path;
Game situations, games with rules (didactic), creative plot-role-playing, theatrical, constructive;
Experiments and experiments, duty, work (in the framework of practice-oriented projects), collecting, modeling, games, drama,
Conversations, speech situations, making fairy tales, retelling, guessing riddles, learning rhymes, poems, songs, situational conversations;
Listening to the performance of musical works, musical rhythmic movements, musical games and improvisation,
Vernissages of children's creativity, exhibitions of fine arts, workshops of children's creativity, etc.
This is a daily work that is carried out throughout the entire time that children are in kindergarten (in the morning and evening, on a walk), regardless of the season, event, calendar of holidays and anniversaries. In addition, the complex-thematic principle of the construction of the educational process necessitates the solution of educational activities in the regime moments of educational tasks related to the implementation of the topic.
MORNING - This is a quiet modal moment. The main task of pedagogical work in the morning period is to include children in the general rhythm of kindergarten life, to create in them a cheerful, cheerful mood. It is very important to conduct emotional-stimulating gymnastics. The work is carried out in subgroups and individually. If we talk about frontal work, it can be round dances and quiet activities. Morning reception is the most favorable time for individual communication of the caregiver with each child. During these hours, individual work is successfully conducted with children in various activities. Its distinctive feature is its ease, reliance on the interest and curiosity of the child, on the entertaining form and content of the events held. This is the work of correcting and educating children of correct sound pronunciation, of developing oral speech and developing correct intonation, of physical education (stimulating physical activity). When planning individual work with children, the teacher specifies specifically the names of those students with whom the work will be done and what work is prescribed.
consideration of objects and illustrations, short observations in nature and phenomena of social life.
It is good to plan for the morning short conversations with a group of children or individual children on previously identified topics and topics that have arisen on the initiative of children. Thus, in the schedules of the younger and middle groups, the tutor schedules short conversations with children about loved ones and available objects and phenomena of the world: about mom, dad and grandmother, younger brothers and sisters, about toys, books, objects of nature and many other things. Often such conversations are accompanied by viewing illustrations. In addition to the above, the schedules of the older group show conversations with and without looking at illustrations on more complex topics: about the seasons, about domestic and wild animals, about the life of the native city.
When planning specific activities, it is important to consider the nature of the upcoming classes.
If classes are calm, requiring mental activity and perseverance of children, such as classes on the formation of elementary mathematical ideas, learning a poem, retelling, children’s activities are planned for the morning, causing their physical activity, and, conversely, if the classes imply greater mobility, children (physical, musical), then the morning activities should be more relaxed.
The number of activities in the morning:
in the younger and middle - 3-4 species,
in the eldest preparatory group - 4-6 species depending on the children of the group.
The teacher himself determines how many activities should be based on exemplary canons.
In the morning, all activities can be planned at the request of children (games, communication, work, individual work, etc.), but they must meet the following requirements:
1. The activity should not be long in time (15-20 minutes), the child should see the result of his work. N: plot-role-playing and building games are long and not planned in middle and senior groups.
2. It is not advisable to plan for the morning activities involving a lot of preparation.
3. It is impossible to plan in the morning an activity in which the use of piercing and cutting objects of labor is expected.
4. In the morning we plan only familiar activities for children.
5. Planned morning exercises. Learned in physical training complex changes after two weeks. Morning exercises are held daily.
When planning morning exercises, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct writing of planning. You can write it on a card, or you can add it to the plan. Regardless, in the planning of gymnastics should be structured:
1 part - introductory, in which various types of walking and jogging are performed,
Part 2 - the average, includes a set of general developmental exercises with an indication I. p.,
Part 3 - the final.
Be sure to specify the dosage of all movements and exercises.
Breathing exercises 3 times a day. It is best carried out before meals, before bedtime, after sleep.. Finger gymnastics held 2 times a day. It is better to spend during classes or in breaks between them.Visual gymnastics It takes 3-5 minutes and is spent in free time from classes, at least - 2 times a day.Articulating gymnastics it is better to carry out individually or with a subgroup of children in the afternoon. Articulation gymnastics is carried out daily, starting with the youngest group.Gymnastics after sleep held daily in the afternoon for 5-7 minutes with the use of breathing exercises that contribute to the normalization of the cardiovascular system, training of proper breathing skills.
There is also a conjugated gymnastics - finger and tongue theater. Such gymnastics can be conducted starting from middle group from the second half of the year, when the child had articulatory and finger gymnastics skills. These exercises are performed at a fairly fast pace, in a cheerful mood and with a change of poses
Gymnastics brain is aimed at coordinating movements for fine and general motor skills, the left and right hemispheres. Cross movements are performed, performed with both hands at once. Brain gymnastics is carried out starting from the preschool age. The duration of the complex is 5-7 minutes.
Motive and intellectual load regime, including safety measures
WALK. Objective: to provide a highly active, meaningful, diverse, interesting activities and relieve fatigue. In the mode of the day, each age group provides for two walks: morning and evening (not counting the morning reception of children in the open air). There are four types of walk:
Typical: the most free activity of children (maximum attributes).
Combined, consisting of two parts: the first part - the target walk; the second part is the free activity of children.
Walk-excursion, walk-hike.
Sports (competitions, relay races)
The task of the walk in the first half of the day is to recuperate after classes, to get the maximum positive charge. The walk should give relaxation to the child, relieve tension after classes and create a cheerful mood in him, which in turn provides the appropriate tone for the successful physical and mental development of the child in other conditions and activities.
Speaking of planning a walk, you need to remember if it was preceded by a dynamic lesson (musical, physical culture, choreographic, etc.) and begins with a moving or sports game, if before the walk there was a static lesson. When planning the content of educational work during a walk, the caregiver provides for the uniform alternation of calm and physical activity of children, proper distribution of physical activity throughout the walk, adhering to the following approximate structure: quiet, independent activity of children (games, observations); then outdoor games with elements of sport, sports entertainment; labor activity of children.
Special attention should be paid to the educator to ensure an active, meaningful, diverse and interesting activity for children: games, labor, observations, in the process of which a children's team is formed, positive behavioral skills are assimilated and brought up, children’s ideas about the environment and social life are accumulated. Planning work on the development of movements for a walk should contribute to the consolidation, improvement of games and physical exercises, increase the physical activity of children. It is important to choose the right time for the games and exercises.
We should not allow organized motor activity to be carried out at the expense of the time of independent activity of children. The duration of the mobile activity is 60-70% of the total duration of the walk, and the independent activities of children should not be infringed upon.
Walk structure. The walk begins with an observation, consider in more detail what you need to plan for a walk:
1. Observation (of weather, nature, transport, adult labor, seasonal changes in clothing, etc.). For the phenomena of nature observations are carried out more often.
2. The mobile game (the plot “Geese-geese ...”, the plotless “Day-night”, the competitive game “Who is faster”), in which all the children of the group take part. It is planned taking into account the weather, season features.
3. A sports game, an exercise or elements of a sports game is planned in older groups (badminton, basketball, football, hockey, small towns).
4. Games didactic, round dance, fun, creative.
5. Individual work on the development of movements, on preparation for classes (mathematics, language development), with children who did not learn the material (3–7 minutes), with gifted children, on preparation for holidays.
6. Work by subgroups (at the request of the children - what they want to do). In kids, you need to shape the need for labor. It is not necessary to observe the sequence of actions during a walk; it all depends on the mood and desire of the children.
7. Conversations are planned on the culture of communication, on the education of moral qualities.
In the second half of the day, the content of the walk includes an active game, plot-role-playing games for children, and work activity.
Observations. This type of children's activity on walks in the morning is planned daily. In older groups, where there is a particularly extensive program of familiarization with social and everyday phenomena, one can plan two observations each, one of which will be part of a comprehensive lesson and take 10-15 minutes (for example, viewing postal, school supplies, etc.).
Observations should be planned in accordance with weather conditions and time periods: winter, spring, summer, autumn. Observations can be planned both short-term and long-term. In the process of observation, carried out both on the initiative of adults and at the request of children, they develop: aesthetic perception, mental activity, an interest in the surroundings, in cognitive activity. Thus, in the process of observation, the child develops comprehensively.
Types of observations: Observations of others (inanimate objects). I would like to draw attention to the instructions for the protection of life and health of children. With children up to three years old, for example, they do not observe the sky, as children have not yet formed a definite sense of balance.
Wildlife Observation (flowers, trees, bushes).
Transport monitoring. In the youngest and in the middle of the middle group, they watch the transport in the territory of the kindergarten, which arrives. Children approach the fence without leaving the institution. In the elder and preparatory group of children, children are taken for a walk to observe the transport. Here in this type of observation it is imperative to remember that deep work is under way to familiarize children with the rules of the road and behavior on the street.
Observations of a living object. Pay attention to the basics of security.
Observations on the work of adults. In the younger and middle age, they observe the work of adults in preschool. First, observe the work activity of the adult and the result of this activity. The next step is to show how an adult is trying to work at his work. From the end of the middle group, children go on excursions (factories, plants).
When organizing any type of observation, the artistic word should be used: poems, proverbs, sayings, riddles, rituals, signs. With signs begin to acquaint with the middle group.
The program content of observations rhythmically alternates. During the month, four observations can be made approximately in the following sequence (preparatory group):
1st week - excursion (target walk) natural history;
2nd week - observation of household objects;
3rd week - observation of natural objects (in a group room);
4th week - observation of social phenomena, the work of people.
Outdoor games . An important place in the walk is a moving game in which all the children of the group take part. To this end, the educator arouses children's interest in the game and makes it fascinating. Only the relaxed active participation of children in the game creates in them a joyful mood and ensures its pedagogical effect. The number of outdoor games - from one to four. When selecting outdoor games, you need to pay attention to the type of basic movements. In the warm season there should be more outdoor games with throwing, crawling, climbing. In cold weather - with running, throwing, jumping. The educator organizes and conducts the game, who not only directs, but also participates in the game, taking on the most responsible role. The duration of one game is 7-15 minutes (depending on the age of the children and the state of health). It is important that all students of the group take part in outdoor games. For this purpose, only familiar games for children are planned for a walk. With new games, children get acquainted in physical education classes.
In the selection of outdoor games and elements of competition, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of the physical development and health of children. Games, being a specific activity of the child, are widely used in physiotherapy exercises for solving therapeutic problems.
If physical training or music classes were held in the first half of the day, then it is desirable to organize games and exercises in the middle or end of the walk, and at the very beginning give children the opportunity to play on their own, to practice with a variety of benefits.
On other days, it is advisable to organize the motor activity of children at the beginning of the walk, which will enrich the content of their independent activities.
In the days of physical education classes one active game is organized with children and some physical exercise (sports exercise or exercise in the main form of movement). On other days, when the lesson is not held, a moving game, a sports exercise and an exercise mainly in the form of movement (jumping, climbing, throwing, throwing and catching the ball, etc.) are planned. Outdoor games and game exercises of varying degrees of intensity should be planned for a walk. Within a month 15-20 active games (including relay games) can be held, while 3-4 new games are learned. Let me remind you, the total duration of the game is 7-10 minutes.
The healing effect of the walk depends largely on the properly organized motor activity of preschoolers. When planning a walk, the teacher provides individual work with children in physical education. Individual work on physical education should be planned daily and with those children who have problems in mastering the basic movements. Please note that there are children with varying degrees of mobility. Individual work can take place in an entertaining game form, sports games and entertainment.
Sport games . Sports games and exercises are held daily during walks or in the gym.
Basketball . The transfer and throwing the ball with each other with both hands, throwing into the basket with two hands from behind the head. Mastering the game according to simplified rules.
Football. Passing the ball to each other with his right or left foot kicking off while standing still, tossing the ball with the foot, hitting the ball in objects, scoring into the goal. Mastering the game according to simplified rules.
Hockey. Skating, leading the puck with a club, passing the puck to each other, blocking the puck into the goal. Mastering the game according to simplified rules.
Badminton. The ability to properly hold the racket, to strike the shuttlecock, to transfer it to a partner without a net. Mastering the game according to simplified rules.
Tennis. Ability to hold the racket, hit the ball, throw it over the net. Mastering the game of table and tennis according to simplified rules.
Role-playing games. The role-playing games must correspond to the age, interests, level of development of children and take into account sex-role differentiation. They are based on the knowledge that children have. Themes should be very diverse. Conducted games on domestic, industrial topics; games to secure the rules of the road and the rules of conduct on the streets of the city; construction, theatrical; games, the theme of which is connected with modern life.
Laying on asphalt, sand, snow from natural material (sticks, pebbles, plastic corks, autumn leaves, fruits and other materials). Buildings from natural material (anthill, broom of blades of grass). Games with sand (sifting, waders, molds). Drawing with a stick, crayons on asphalt, sand, snow. Rope games.
Elementary labor activity. It can be of two types:
Household work: the children, along with the teacher, friends, put things in order at the station, in the game corners and the lockers. Labor in nature: children work in a flower garden, in a flower bed, in a garden.
Forms of work organization can be both frontal and subgroup.
When planning the scope and content of work activities, the teacher, along with teaching children some practical skills in nature, should consider familiarizing them with plants, animals, and the rules for caring for them, consider ways of organizing children in this activity, the sequence of work, and techniques that promote their feelings. satisfaction from the work performed, responsibility for the common cause.
EVENING. Purpose. Create a happy mood so that the next day the child would like to go to kindergarten.After a nap, it is good to plan and work activities of children: cleaning the group room; repair of books, manuals, desktop and print games; laundry doll clothes, handkerchiefs, ribbons; making home-made toys for their games and for kids games. It is also recommended to arrange various entertainment events, entertainment: puppet, table, shadow theaters; concerts; sports, musical and literary activities where children perform their favorite poems, songs and dances; new toys are brought in and beaten up; listening to audio cassettes and more. Once a week (on Thursday or Friday). The approximate names of the holidays: the holiday "Soap bubbles", " Balloons"," Paper snowflakes "," Yarn (paper) dolls "," Fuzzies "," Flying pigeons "," Jumping frogs "," Jolly words ", etc.
During this period of time, work of the musical-aesthetic cycle, work on graphic activities, and evenings of entertainment can be planned. To expand the horizons of children, you can plan artistic reading with a sequel, telling fairy tales, viewing reproductions of paintings by classics and contemporary artists.
1. All kinds of games - desktop-printed, plot-role-playing, construction, mobile, didactic, educational, theatrical. The wishes and needs of children are taken into account.
2. Individual work on all activities. According to the visual activity, the design before the lesson, the lesson is the result of the work of the educator. Before class, it is advisable to plan individual work with timid, “weak” children in this type of activity, so that these children feel more confident in class.
3. Reading fiction.
4. Work with parents.
5. Work on the CRP.
Sports and recreation holidays under the program "Improvement", held 2 times a year.
"Health Day" is held 1 time per quarter.
"Week of Health" is held 1 time per quarter.
Minituurism.
There are such forms of work that can be planned both in the morning and in the second.
Forms and methods of work onlife safety basics. (Let's save, help, show, teach): Familiarization with fiction (stories, poems, poems-add, puzzles, puns, songs). For children selected literature, in which in an accessible form is familiar with the rules of health and safety. Children read fairy tales in which there is at least one element of gross violation of safety rules. Rhymed safety rules.
Examination of pictures, subject and subject pictures, albums, posters, illustrations, models, models. When reviewing pictures, children should be given the opportunity to evaluate the action of a peer depicted in the picture; tell how they would act in this situation.
Excursions, targeted walks. Productive children's activities - making posters, layouts with children. Conversations with children: on the prevention of false calls, the discussion of dangerous situations (in older groups). Trainings (games). As a result of the activities carried out, children learn to ask for help if necessary, call the necessary helpline by phone, remember their home address.
Familiarizing children with fictionReading fiction is a form of collaborative partnership between an adult and children, and this form cannot be continued by children on their own, go into their free activity, since most children do not know how to read freely and depend on an adult partner. This imposes a special responsibility on the educator in terms of selecting artistic texts for reading.Reading literary texts should be daily in order to become a habit, to create a ritual of group life. Time for reading should be determined in the daily routine. Duration of reading is approximately 15-20 minutes in older group and 20-25 minutes in the preparatory group.The teacher himself selects artistic texts for children, he himself determines the sequence of their reading, guided by the principle of alternation: large and small literary forms. Large works of art should be read several days in a row (from 2 to 10-12 days), since children should be able to “keep” the sequence of plot events. The tutor reads 1-2 large works to children every month.In the period between reading two great works, short works are used (folklore and author tales, poems, realistic stories).Literary texts for long reading and their sequence can be outlined by the teacher for 2-3 months in advance, taking into account the interests of the children of the group.Short pieces of art for short reading are selected for a week - a month.When selecting and planning a sequence of texts, the teacher is guided by the events taking place (season, holidays, memorials), thematic cycles and the direction of the actual interests of the children of the group. The list is adjusted by the teacher taking into account conflicts and collisions occurring in the group, the solution of which may be suggested by the book.
AT younger group The tutor introduces children to folk songs, poems, folk tales, tales of foreign and domestic authors.
In the middle group, the educator introduces children to fables, fairy tales about animals, which are carriers of certain qualities, songs and cues, works about the rules of behavior and the culture of communication.
In the older group, the educator introduces children to works that reflect the situational behavior of the child and show how to get out of this or that situation.
Organization of work on theatrical activities:Theatrical activities are planned in the morning and evening hours in ad hoc time and can be represented as part of a class for various activities.and as a scheduled special session.
Types of theatrical activities: View puppet shows and talk about them. Games-dramatization: with fingers, with bibabo dolls, improvisation. Preparation and playing a variety of fairy tales and drama. Exercises for the formation of expressiveness of performance (verbal and non-verbal). Separate exercises on ethics. Exercises for the social and emotional development of children. These types of theatrical games are successfully used in a group of different age groups. Combining children on artistic material, on joint positive emotions and common experiences helps to solve, in addition to common tasks, such as the ability of older children to occupy the baby, entertain him, and bring him joy and pleasure. In the conditions of a mixed-age group that unites children with different developmental experience, it is important to skillfully select works that can serve as material for joint play-dramatization and which will be used only in subgroups.
Cognitive-speech development.The work on cognitive speech development is aimed at enhancing speech, speech communication, speech creativity, as well as consolidating and repeating speech program material, and should be based on interesting forms and methods of work. Conversations with children.
Folk games. Role-playing games. Etudes, improvisation. Observations, walks, excursions. Examination of drawings and photographs. Free and thematic drawing, modeling. Reading artworks. Stories of the teacher and the stories of children. Writing stories. Mini-contests, competition games.
Objective of the project: - the child should have a children's cognitive interest in articles of clothing, shoes, hats;
- responsibly treat their things;
- learn to distinguish by seasonality, place of use, accessories;
- learn to care for your clothes and wardrobe
-expand the child's vocabulary on "Clothing and Footwear"
Final event: 09.10.2015
Monday (10/05/2015)
GCD number 1.Physical education (gym)
According to the plan of the teacher in physical culture.
GCD number 2. Artistic creativity. Application "Decoration of clothes for dolls"
Software content:
1. With children, learn how to cut a circle from a square, lay out ready-made figures on paper.
2. Teach children to stick, cut with scissors along the curve.
3. Carefully and carefully treat materials of labor in order to use them in further studies.
Material:
Color base in the form of a dress; ready squares; glue; glue brush; brush holders; oilcloth; napkin.
Kutsakova L.V. “Construction Engineering Classes in”.
Morning: Reception of children.
Morning gymnastics.
arms.
Objective: to explain to the children that they should develop the habit of quickly and correctly washing their hands, wiping them dry with a towel and folding it.
Walk: file of walks (walk number 1)
Evening:
The goal: to raise the mood of children and muscle tone.
The mobile game “Find Your Color” Purpose: to teach children to navigate in space by color modules, to honestly judge other guys. To make children happy.
Walk: file card walks number 1.
Didactic game "What a thing?" Purpose: To teach children how to correctly name an object and tell about it, what it is made of, tell it what it is used for, and who uses it most often.
The plot - role-playing game "Going for a walk"
Purpose: to learn with the children to choose the clothes according to the seasons, to teach correctly, what clothing consists of what parts, what is the concept of “clothes”, “shoes”, and treats others with care.
Equipment: dolls, clothes for all seasons (for summer, winter, spring and autumn, a small locker for clothes and a high chair.
Children need to help pick the right inventory, attributes for games, try to organize themselves outdoor games. Remind safety rules that must be followed on the playground and that children comply with them.
Content of work with family:
Consultation "Home Library" Objectives: to update and supplement the ideas of parents about the importance of reading to children. Offer a selection of literature on clothing, shoes. To acquaint parents with the techniques of organizing discussions of literary works, combining reading with other methods of teaching and education (organizing observations, experimenting, drawing) remind parents that it is very important for children to read. Offer together to find literature on clothes, shoes.
Tuesday (10/06/2015):
Directly educational activities:
GCD number 1.Cognition (the formation of a holistic picture of the world) "The name and description of clothing"
Software content:
Children themselves must describe demi-season clothing; why they need this clothes, to fix the concept of "clothes"; develop speech and attention.
GCD No. 2.Music. According to the plan of a music teacher.
Kutsakova L.V. "Moral labor education in kindergarten."
Educational activities in regime points:
Morning: Reception of children.
Morning gymnastics.
(Complex number 3 gym)
Watering indoor plants.
The goal is to teach children that when they water the plants, look at the signal drawings, which say how much water each plant needs. Teach gently, water the plants.
Card file walks # 2.
Reading poems about autumn:
A mournful wind drives
A flock of clouds on the edge of heaven,
Spruce fir groan,
Whispered naked woods deafly. (N.Nekrasov)
Windy, windy,
The whole earth is aired!
Wind leaves from branches
He broke up the world ... (I. Tokmakova)
Evening: Gymnastics after sleep "Invigorating"
Mobile game "squirrels in the forest" Purpose: to teach children to play the game by the rules, say how to lead the player and leading. Get more moving with the kids.
Walk №2 (file)
Children's independent activities:
The plot - role-playing game "Shop"
Purpose: children should independently perform actions regarding the role, so that children can develop the plot of the game based on their knowledge and observations from their lives, help each other, replenish the vocabulary of children: enter the words "toys", "furniture", "food", "dishes".
Equipment: all the toys that can be bought in the store, which lie on the window, money.
Children's games in board games of a didactic nature of their choice and desire.
Content of work with family:
Round table "Let's know together".
The goal is to organize an exchange of experience and complement the parents' presentation of observations of clothes and shoes that can be carried out during walks with children at the time of their return from kindergarten. To acquaint parents with the methods of observation, discussion of what they saw.
Wednesday (10/07/2015):
Directly educational activities:
GCD number 1.Artistic creativity. Drawing on the theme "Ball" The goal is to learn how to draw objects of circular shape; learn to paint the ball in two colors; learn to paint a drawing with a brush in one direction (from top to bottom, from left to right); make strokes in one direction.
GCD number 2.Physical education. According to the plan of the teacher in physical culture.
Komarova TS. “Children's Artistic Creativity”.
Educational activities in regime points:
Morning: Reception of children.
Morning gymnastics.
(Complex №3 physical hall)
Didactic game "Three Bears" Objectives: to teach children to compare familiar objects by size (large, smaller, small), use these concepts in their speech.
Conversation on the topic of "Care for clothes and shoes"
Goals - to form self-service skills: to teach children to clean clothes, put shoes in order; to bring up independence, accuracy, thrift; so that the children themselves take care of themselves, their clothes and shoes.
Evening:
The mobile game "Cat and Mouse" Tasks: the development of agility, attention, speed and reaction.
Didactic games: “Speak in one word. Purpose: to fix such words as: “hat”, “hat”, “jacket”, boots ”.
File walks: Walk number 3
Children's independent activities:
The plot - role-playing game Birthday Stepashki.
Objective: to teach children how to arrange the table setting for the holiday, find out what dining items exist, foster care, care, responsibility, willingness to help, and expand their vocabulary: “holiday dinner”, “name day”, “table setting”, “tableware”, “service” .
Equipment: plates, forks, spoons, knives, cups, saucers, napkins, tablecloth, table, chairs.
Content of work with family:
Home library. The goal is to invite parents to read fiction works about kindergarten to children.
Thursday (10/08/2015):
Directly educational activities:
GCD number 1.Cognition + (FEMP)
"Count to five" Purpose: - to teach children to count to five,
-the teacher explains the task, and the children should solve it independently, without the help of the tutor.
GCD number 2.Physical culture in the fresh air. According to the plan of the teacher in physical culture.
V.P. Novikova "Mathematics in kindergarten".
Educational activities in regime points:
Morning: Reception of children.
Morning gymnastics.
(Complex number 3 gym)
When a child washes remind him to thoroughly wash
arms. Objective: to explain to the children that they should develop the habit of quickly and correctly washing their hands, wiping them dry with a towel and folding it.
Reading a poem:
Hello, autumn! Hello, autumn!
Good that you came.
You, we, fall, ask:
What is a gift brought? (E.Blaginina)
Didactic game "Name the three subjects" Objectives: to teach children to group objects on the basis of.
Evening: Gymnastics after sleep "Invigorating"
Purpose: to raise the mood and muscle tone of children.
Didactic game "Children on a branch" Tasks: add the names of plants and their fruits to children’s speech, expand vocabulary so that children respond with common sentences.
Mobile game "Catch - catch" The goal is to teach children to catch the ball, to help children learn the rules of cultural and constructive interaction with their friends in the game. Continue hardening using natural factors.
Walk number 4 (card file)
Children's independent activities:
Children's games with toys. Watch then how the children treat them, who should make a remark and explain why, bring up frugality.
The plot - role-playing game "Building a House"
Purpose: to tell the children what construction professions exist, what equipment the builders use, to teach children to build a simple structure, to be friends with each other, to expand children's knowledge about the characteristics of the builders labor, to introduce the words “construction”, “mason”, “crane” into the children’s speech "," Builder "," crane operator "," carpenter "," welder "," building material ".
Board game "Paired Pictures" The goal is to develop observation, attention, learn with the children to see the similarities and differences in the subjects, to activate the dictionary.
Content of work with family:
Child-parent creative workshop. The goal is to update and supplement the ideas of parents about children's creativity, to acquaint with modern materials, requirements for the organization of various types of productive activities. Enrich the experience of joint creativity of parents and children, to talk about its educational value.
Friday (10/09/2015):
Directly educational activities:
GCD number 1.Communication (speech development).
Program content: if the child wants to express his point of view, then listen to whether you agree or not with his answer.
To learn from children what they have learned about autumn clothes and shoes, what made shoes and its components. To teach how to make up stories, to use simple and complex sentences, to foster a desire to handle shoes with care.
GCD number 2.Music.
According to the plan of the music director.
Gerbova V. V. “The development of speech in kindergarten”.
Educational activities in regime points:
Morning: Reception of children.
Morning gymnastics.
(Complex number 3 gym)
The duty of the dining room. The goal is to teach the attendants to clean the table, restore order, do everything neatly, talk about their work and share the results.
Didactic game "What is it?" The goal is to teach people to create images in their imagination based on the characteristic signs of objects, to notice the unusual in the most ordinary things; develop fantasy.
Evening: Gymnastics after sleep "Invigorating"
Purpose: to raise the mood and muscle tone of children.
Didactic games: “Who will come up with more words?” The goal is to activate the dictionary, broaden one’s horizons.
"Search" The goal is to exercise children in the use of adjectives consistent with nouns.
Walk number 5 (card file)
Children's independent activities:
Games to have children, concentration, imagination.
Self gaming activities in the group. The goal is to encourage children to find games of interest, to behave correctly in controversial situations.
Content of work with family:
Consultation for parents “How to form children’s conscious attitude to health” The goal is to systematize the ideas of parents about the culture of health, its components formed in the family, about the methods and techniques of organizing this aspect of education.
The article is posted in the author's edition.
Organization of regime moments .Of great importance for the health and prosperous development of the child is the proper organization of regime moments.
Regime moments include:
1. Reception of children.
2. Morning exercises.
3. Preparation for breakfast, breakfast.
4. Preparation for directly educational activities.
5. Preparing for 1 walk, walk.
6. Preparing for lunch, lunch.
7. Organization of children's sleep.
8. Organization of lifting children and tempering procedures.
9. Preparing for an afternoon tea, afternoon tea.
10. Preparation for the 2nd walk, walk.
11. Preparing for dinner, dinner.
Regime moments take most of the time that the kid spends in kindergarten. They should not be considered as merely providing the physiological needs of the child. All procedures and how they are carried out are an important part of the pedagogical process.
In these moments, the opportunity for individual communication of the teacher with the baby. They should be used to establish a trusting relationship, strengthen the emotional connection with the child. In the course of daily procedures, talking with a child, an adult names objects and actions, explains something, asks, answers questions, talks, and discusses. All this contributes to the cognitive speech, moral development of the child. In the process of washing, dressing, eating, a little mouse learns about various actions: he takes soap and lathers his hands, opens the faucet, puts on tights, fastens and unfastens fasteners on clothes and shoes. Gradually, the child learns to wash himself / herself, dress himself, etc. By participating with the teacher in everyday activities, following the example of adults, the child acquires social skills.
By organizing regime moments, the educator should create a friendly atmosphere of cooperation. The individual characteristics of each child should be taken into account: do not rush a slow-moving child, do not offer actions that are too heavy for the child, do not do for him what he can do himself.
Reception of children, inspection, games, morning exercises
Reception of children by a tutor can be carried out in a group or at a site, which must be indicated in advance when planning work. The most important thing is to create a good mood, both for the child and his parents. This provides a positive attitude for the day ahead and is the key to mutual understanding and interaction between the kindergarten and the pupil’s family.
Before taking the children, the teacher will air the group.
During the morning reception it is necessary to pay attention to the appearance of children. Of course, the children who came should have to greet the teacher and other children of the group, get involved in the games, talk quietly, and not shout.
The teacher provides an interesting, meaningful activity of children and makes sure that they do not quarrel, do not interfere with each other. If a child is shy, shy, not in a mood or for any other reasons, he cannot choose an occupation for himself, the teacher must help him: connect to playing children, help in choosing toys, play with the child or give him a specific instruction
The teacher also provides conditions for diverse and interesting independent activities of children in a group or on the site. To do this, systematically introduces new (or already forgotten) benefits that will contribute to the emergence of play or creative ideas in children.
In the morning, the teacher conducts gymnastics with children. In this case, the tutor deals with the children and, if necessary, corrects, corrects the implementation of the exercises by the children.
Breakfast preparation, breakfast
In the kindergarten for children is organized 5 meals a day.
To ensure the continuity of food in kindergarten and at home, parents are informed about the child’s assortment of food by hanging out the daily menu.
The organization of washing before eating is carried out gradually, in small groups of children. Children should be reminded of the rules of behavior in the washroom - children should not splash water, should maintain order and cleanliness, immediately close the water after washing their hands and in no case leave the taps open. It is necessary to pay attention to the actions of children - they must roll up their sleeves, soap their hands and perform other procedures over the sink. Children should know that you can only use your own towel, and after the washing procedure, you should carefully hang it in its place. These procedures should be carried out in a calm, welcoming environment that will ensure a good mood for children during their meals.
In order for children to learn the rules of etiquette, the table is served with all the necessary devices: a plate, knife, fork, dining room and teaspoons. In the middle of the table put paper napkins, bread in the bread box.
At the catering, starting with the middle group, attendants of the group take part. The level of independence of children is also taken into account. The example of an adult is of great importance in working with children. Based on this, there are high demands on the culture of each employee of the preschool institution.
When organizing breakfast, the caregiver draws the attention of the children to the way the breakfast tables are laid, gives a positive assessment to the children on duty. Depending on the menu, you can specify the names of some dishes. It is important to note the care of a nanny and cooks for children, in a few words to highlight the importance and necessity of these professions.
In the process of eating, the caregiver controls the children's posture, motivates the children to eat all the food offered. However, if the child has no appetite, and he refuses to eat, then it is better not to force. Forcible eating nothing good will not give either physical or psychological health of the child. Also, in the course of breakfast, tasks of cultivating cultural and hygienic skills of eating are solved. The teacher explains to the children how to use cutlery, a napkin, how to eat (put food in your mouth in small pieces and chew it well), after you finish eating, rinse your mouth, etc.
Games and children's activities
In a group, an educator creates conditions for the organization of different types of activities for children, and in the plan it reflects for which types of activity a subject-developing environment has been created - with an indication of the name and purpose of the activity. In case of individual work with children, it is necessary to specify both the topic and the purpose, with clarifying details.
Direct educational activities
Direct educational activities should organically flow from the types of activities that children were engaged in at the previous stage. NOD is held according to perspective plan, which specifies the program content and objectives.
Preparing for a walk, walk
Before you go for a walk, you need to restore order in the group: to collect toys and arrange them in places, to remove the benefits and materials that were used in direct educational activities.
Before dressing, the caregiver reminds the children of the rules of behavior in the changing room. In this regime moment, the teacher forms in children the skills of dressing and behavioral culture when dressing, solves a wide range of educational tasks: the name of the clothes and its purpose, the name of the details of the clothes and the activation of the vocabulary on the theme “Clothes”. The teacher draws the attention of the children to the sequence of dressing, and before going for a walk to the appearance of the children. If in the process of dressing someone manifests obvious mistakes, the caregiver eliminates them together with the other children of the group, causing the children to want to help each other and stopping ridicule from their peers.
You can use the so-called frontal method of dressing children, when they simultaneously put on first leggings, then shoes, sweaters, caps and last of all coats (jackets). One should not forget about observing consistency and gradualness as well as an individual approach to children.
Organization walk.
The daily duration of children’s walk to the pre-school is about 4 to 4.5 hours. A walk is organized 2 times a day: in the first half of the day - before lunch and in the second half of the day - after a nap and (or) before leaving
children go home. When air temperature is below - 15 ° С and wind speed is more than 7 m / s, the duration of the walk is reduced. The walk is not carried out when
air temperature below - 15 ° С and wind speeds over 15 m / s for children
up to 4 years, and for children 5-7 years old - when the air temperature is below - 20 ° C and
wind speeds of more than 15 m / s.
The walk consists of the following parts :
observation,
outdoor games,
labor at the site,
children's play activity,
individual work with children on the development of physical qualities,
independent motor activity.
Depending on the previous educational activities and weather conditions - the sequence of different types of children's activities for a walk also changes. So, if prior to a walk with children, educational activities were organized that required great mental effort and perseverance, then on the walk it is necessary to first hold active games, jogs, and then proceed to the observations. If before the walk there was a physical culture or music class, then begin with observations, quiet games.
In the process of walking, the teacher helps the children to organize interesting and diverse activities. To do this, there must be toys and auxiliary equipment, the rules of treatment with which the teacher educates children for a walk or in the group. During the walk, the tutor has the opportunity to observe the content of the games and the relationships of the children and adjust them if necessary.
Before leaving the walk, the children put the plot in order, collect the waste material. Before entering the kindergarten, the children wipe their feet and learn to walk in quietly, without jostling, without arguing, without interfering with each other, the boys let the girls forward. In the locker room, the teacher monitors the process of dressing and instills in children a careful attitude to things and the skills of accuracy.
Preparing for sleep, daytime sleep
The bedroom before going to bed is ventilated with a decrease in the air temperature in the room by 3-5 degrees, whilethe door from the bedroom to the group must be closed. Before children go into the bedroom window in the bedroom must be closed.
It is better that the period of preparation for bed should be calm, balanced. Children are not recommended to be distracted by noisy games, emotional conversations. When undressing the caregiver forms a careful attitude to things, accuracy. The decor in the bedroom should be calm and relaxing. The necessary attitude, a positive attitude towards daytime sleep will help create a gentle calm music, folk sounds and sentences. It is necessary to check whether the children are comfortably settled in their beds, and it is even better to approach everyone, fix the blanket, pat on the head and wish a restful sleep. So you show your child your love and care, create a peaceful mood that promotes good sleep. While the children are sleeping, the teacher should be in the bedroom and watch the children.
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