Metoclopramide instructions for use injections. How to use metoclopramide tablets for pancreatitis correctly? Average cost of metoclopramide

Date: 04.07.2020

The drug metoclopramide is a specific blocker of serotonin or dopamine receptors.

The remedy prevents the emetic effect, and also helps to suppress hiccups and, as well as regulates the influence of the gastrointestinal tract function. Under the influence of substances, the tone and activity of the digestive organs increases. There are known cases of complete cure of such diseases of the duodenum and stomach.

In this article, we will consider why doctors prescribe metoclopramide, including instructions for use, analogues and prices for this drug in pharmacies. The real REVIEWS of people who have already used Metoclopramide can be read in the comments.

Composition and form of release

In pharmacies, the medication comes in flat, rounded white tablets, a solution for injection into a vein or muscle tissue. It is sold in 2 ml ampoules or blisters.

Tablets "Metoclopramide", from which the remedy for vomiting helps, contain metoclopramide hydrochloride as an active element in a volume of 10 mg. The same amount of the substance is contained in a 2 ml ampoule (in 1 ml - 5 mg).

Auxiliary components, depending on the form of release, are: lactose monohydrate, starch, calcium stearate, injection water - in solution.

Indications for use

Metoclopramide is prescribed in the following cases:

Nausea, vomiting and hiccups of various origins (in some cases, the drug is effective for vomiting caused by taking cytostatics or radiation therapy);
Postoperative hypotension and atony of the intestines and stomach;
Reflux esophagitis;
Hypomotor biliary dyskinesia;
Functional pyloric stenosis;
Flatulence;
Exacerbation of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer (as part of complex therapy).

Also used in preparatory work for X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract.

pharmachologic effect

According to the instructions, Metoclopramide soothes hiccups, has an antiemetic effect, and in some cases relieves nausea. In addition, it has a normalizing and regulating effect on the functions of the gastrointestinal tract, helps to reduce the motor activity of the esophagus, accelerate gastric emptying and the movement of food through the small intestine.

After intravenous administration, the effect is noted after a few minutes, and with intramuscular administration, it occurs after ten to fifteen minutes.

Instructions for use

According to the instructions for use, Metoclopramide is taken orally, 30 minutes before meals, with a small amount of water.

For adults inside - 5-10 mg 3-4 times / day. With vomiting, severe nausea, metoclopramide is administered intramuscularly or intravenously at a dose of 10 mg. Intranasally - 10-20 mg in each nostril 2-3 times / day.
The average single dose for children over 6 years of age is 5 mg 1-3 times / day orally or parenterally. For children under 6 years of age, the daily dose for parenteral administration is 0.5-1 mg / kg, the frequency of administration is 1-3 times / day.

Maximum doses for adults: single dose for oral administration - 20 mg; daily - 60 mg (for all modes of administration).

Contraindications

The drug is contraindicated in the following diseases and conditions:

Glaucoma;
Pheochromocytoma;
Epilepsy;
Parkinson's disease;
Mechanical intestinal obstruction;
Extrapyramidal disorders;
Prolactin-dependent tumors;
Pyloric stenosis;
Perforation of the intestinal or stomach wall;
Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract;
Hypersensitivity to the main or auxiliary components of the drug.
Bronchial asthma in patients with hypersensitivity to sulfites;
The first trimester of pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding;
Vomiting during treatment or overdose of antipsychotics, as well as in patients with breast cancer;
Early childhood (the drug is contraindicated in children under 2 years of age, and in children under 6 years of age, Metoclopramide is not used parenterally).

Side effects

The drug has side effects:

Allergic effects: rare - skin rash.
Circulatory system: at the beginning of taking the drug, agranulocytosis is possible.
Digestive system: constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, more often occur at the beginning of treatment.
Endocrine system: possible menstrual irregularities galactorrhea, gynecomastia.
Central nervous system: akathisia, fatigue, headache, drowsiness, dizziness, depression. In children and adolescents, even in cases of a single admission, manifestations of extrapyramidal symptoms are possible: spasm of the facial muscles, parkinsonism (more often in elderly patients), hyperkinesis, spastic torticollis. If canceled, the above symptoms disappear.

Childhood use

It should be used with extreme caution in children, especially young children. they have a significantly higher risk of dyskinetic syndrome.

Analogs

Structural analogues for the active substance:

Apo Metoclops;
Metamol;
Metoclopramide Acri;
Metoclopramide Vial;
Metoclopramide Darnitsa;
Metoclopramide Promed;
Metoclopramide Eskom;
Metoclopramide hydrochloride;
Perinorm;
Raglan;
Ceruglan;
Cerucalus.

Attention: the use of analogs must be agreed with the attending physician.

Name:

Metoclopramide (Metoclopramidum)

Pharmacological
action:

Antiemetic... A specific blocker of dopamine (D2) and serotonin (5-NTZ) receptors, inhibits the chemoreceptors of the trigger zone of the brain stem, weakens the sensitivity of the visceral nerves that transmit impulses from the pylorus of the stomach and duodenum to the vomiting center. Through the hypothalamus and the parasympathetic nervous system (innervation of the gastrointestinal tract), it has a regulating and coordinating effect on the tone and motor activity of the upper gastrointestinal tract (including the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter). Increases the tone of the stomach and intestines, accelerates gastric emptying, reduces hyperacid stasis, prevents duodenopyloric and gastroesophageal reflux, stimulates intestinal motility. Normalizes the secretion of bile, reduces the spasm of the sphincter of Oddi. Without changing its tone, it eliminates dyskinesia of the gallbladder by the hypomotor type. Does not affect the tone of blood vessels in the brain, blood pressure, respiratory function, as well as kidney and liver function, hematopoiesis, gastric and pancreatic secretion. Stimulates the secretion of prolactin. Increases the sensitivity of tissues to acetylcholine (the action does not depend on vagal innervation, but is eliminated by m-anticholinergics). By stimulating the secretion of aldosterone, it enhances the retention of sodium ions and the excretion of potassium ions.
Onset of action on the gastrointestinal tract it is noted in 1-3 minutes after intravenous administration, 10-15 minutes after intramuscular administration and is manifested by the acceleration of the evacuation of stomach contents (from about 0.5-6 hours, depending on the route of administration) and antiemetic effect (lasts 12 hours).

Pharmacokinetics: Communication with plasma proteins - about 30%. Metabolized in the liver. The half-life is 4-6 hours, with impaired renal function - up to 14 hours.
The drug is excreted mainly through the kidneys within 24-72 hours unchanged and in the form of conjugates. Passes through the placental and blood-brain barriers and enters breast milk.

Indications for
application:

Vomiting, nausea, hiccups of various origins (in some cases, it can be effective for vomiting caused by radiation therapy or taking cytostatics);
- atony and hypotension of the stomach and intestines (in particular, postoperative);
-dyskinesia of the biliary tract of the hypomotor type;
- reflux esophagitis;
- flatulence;
- functional pyloric stenosis;
- as part of the complex therapy of exacerbations of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer;
- it is used to enhance peristalsis during X-ray contrast studies of the gastrointestinal tract;
- as a means of facilitating duodenal intubation (to accelerate gastric emptying and the movement of food through the small intestine).

Mode of application:

Metoclopramide is administered orally, intramuscularly, intravenously.

Tablets take 30 minutes before meals with a little water. Adults - 5-10 mg 3-4 times a day. The maximum single dose is 20 mg, the daily dose is 60 mg. Children over 6 years old - 5 mg 1-3 times a day.

Solution for injection is administered intravenously or intramuscularly adults at a dose of 10-20 mg (maximum daily dose - 60 mg); children over 6 years old - 5 mg 1-3 times a day; for children aged 2 to 6 years, the daily dose is 0.5-1 mg / kg of body weight, the frequency of administration is 1-3 times. For the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by the use of cytostatics or radiation therapy, metoclopramide is administered intravenously at a dose of 2 mg / kg of body weight 30 minutes before the use of cytostatics or radiation; if necessary, the introduction is repeated after 2-3 hours. Before the X-ray examination, adults are injected intravenously 10-20 mg 5-15 minutes before the start of the study.

Side effects:

From the nervous system: extrapyramidal disorders - spasm of the facial muscles, trismus, rhythmic protrusion of the tongue, bulbar type of speech, spasm of extraocular muscles (including oculogenous crisis), spastic torticollis, opisthotonus, muscle hypertonia; parkinsonism (hyperkinesis, muscle rigidity - a manifestation of dopamine blocking action, the risk of development in children and adolescents increases when the dose is exceeded 0.5 mg / kg /); dyskinesis (in the elderly, with chronic renal failure); drowsiness, fatigue, anxiety, confusion, headache, tinnitus, depression.
From the digestive system: constipation or diarrhea, rarely dry mouth. From the hematopoietic system: neutropenia, leukopenia, sulfhemoglobinemia in adults.
On the part of the cardiovascular system: atrioventricular block. From the side of metabolism: porphyria.
Allergic reactions: urticaria, bronchospasm, angioedema.
From the endocrine system: rarely (with long-term use in high doses) - gynecomastia, galactorrhea, menstrual irregularities.
Other: at the beginning of treatment, agranulocytosis is possible, rarely (when used in high doses) - hyperemia of the nasal mucosa.
If you develop any of the side effects listed in the instructions, see your doctor as soon as possible.
If any of the side effects indicated in the instructions are aggravated, or you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, inform your doctor.

Contraindications:

Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract;
- stenosis of the pylorus of the stomach;
- mechanical intestinal obstruction;
- perforation of the wall of the stomach or intestines;
- pheochromocytoma;
- epilepsy;
- glaucoma;
- extrapyramidal disorders;
- Parkinson's disease;
- prolactin-dependent tumors;
- vomiting during treatment or overdose with antipsychotics and in patients with breast cancer;
- bronchial asthma in patients with hypersensitivity to sulfites (see section "Special instructions");
- pregnancy (I trimester), lactation period;
- early childhood (children under 2 years old - the use of metoclopramide in the form of any dosage forms is contraindicated, for children under 6 years old - parenteral administration is contraindicated);
- hypersensitivity to metoclopramide or any of the components of the drug.
Not indicated after gastrointestinal surgery (such as pyloroplasty or bowel anastomosis) because vigorous muscle contractions prevent healing.
If you have a hypersensitivity to metoclopramide or other ingredients of this medicine, please consult your doctor before taking.
Carefully: bronchial asthma, arterial hypertension, Parkinson's disease, renal and / or hepatic failure, old age (over 65 years), childhood (increased risk of developing dyskinetic syndrome).

Interaction
other medicinal
by means of:

Enhances the effect of ethanol on the central nervous system, sedative effect of hypnotics, the effectiveness of therapy with H2-receptor blockers. Due to the effect on gastric motility, it increases the absorption of acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, diazepam, ethanol, levodopa, tetracycline, ampicillin, slows down the absorption of digoxin and cimetidine.
With simultaneous use with antipsychotics phenothiazine series and derivatives of butyrophenone increases the risk of developing extrapyramidal disorders.

This drug has a certain composition, which differs in useful properties used in certain cases. Release form - tablets, which include metoclopramide hydrochloride - 10 mg. The composition of this drug also includes other substances: purified talc, anhydrous colloidal silicon, corn starch, sodium starch glycolate, magnesium stearate and lactose. Each blister contains ten tablets, in a cardboard box - five and 5000 pieces in a PE bag, one bag is contained in a special PE jar.

Metoclopramide is also produced as a solution for injection - 1 ml, containing metoclopramide hydrochloride - 5 mg. The excipients of the drug include: sodium acetate, glacial acetic acid, water for injection, sodium metabisulfite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium salt. Each of the ampoules, consisting of dark glass, contains 2 ml of solution.

Pharmacokinetics of the drug

The drug should be used orally, after which it is rather quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, while the connection with plasma proteins is about 30%, as this substance is actively biotransformed in the organ - the liver, and is excreted to a greater extent through the kidneys, as a rule, in the form of metabolites and unchanged. Typically, the withdrawal period is four to six hours.

pharmachologic effect

The drug metoclopramide is a specific blocker of serotonin or dopamine receptors. The remedy prevents the emetic effect, and also helps to suppress hiccups and, as well as regulates the influence of the gastrointestinal tract function. Under the influence of substances, the tone and activity of the digestive organs increases. There are known cases of complete cure of diseases such as the duodenum and stomach.

Pharmacological action of metoclopramide

This drug allows you to get rid of vomiting and reduces nausea, as well as suppresses hiccups and improves gastrointestinal motility. The property that allows you to prevent the appearance of the gag reflex is provided by the blockade of D 2 -receptors (dopamine) and an increase in the threshold of special chemoreceptors of the trigger zone, it is also an optimal blocker of receptors (serotonin).

Metoclopramide inhibits the relaxation of the gastric (smooth) muscles that occurs under the influence of dopamine, which enhances the smooth muscle responses of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, the emptying of the stomach cavity is accelerated by the way of preventing the relaxation of the base of the stomach, as well as increasing the vigorous activity (peristalsis) of the upper sections of the small intestine and the antrum of the stomach. Due to the increase in peristaltic contractions of the amplitude of the esophageal sphincter, the substance reduces the reflux of the contents of the esophagus, increasing the pressure at rest. Under the influence of metoclopramide, the secretion of prolactin is stimulated, and a transient increase in the level of aldosterone is also observed, after which a short fluid retention occurs.

Indications for the use of a medicinal substance

Metoclopramide is used as an antiemetic. With nausea and vomiting that occur after radiation therapy or anesthesia, as well as side effects of medicinal substances made on the basis of digitalis or cytostatics, any substances that suppress cell division, antibiotics, etc. For dietary disorders.

If vestibular genesis is observed, vomiting may occur as a result of motion sickness, in which case metoclopramide does not have a therapeutic effect and does not suppress nausea, therefore, it is necessary to first stock up on medicinal agents of a different composition, which will be most effective in this case.

The drug is used to treat gastroenterological diseases, most often it is prescribed for therapeutic purposes to eliminate duodenal or stomach ulcers, as well as gastritis of a different nature. This drug also helps with dyskinesias, if there is a violation of the activity of organs. Postoperative paresis causes impaired mobility of the abdominal organs, flatulence may be present, this condition, like many other diseases observed in therapeutic practice, is treated with this medication.

The high effect of the treatment depends on its ability to increase the tone of the intestines and stomach, accelerate the emptying of the pylorus and stomach, reduce hyperacid stasis, causing a stop in the movement of food mass along the walls of the stomach. In medical practice, cases of dyspeptic cure are known. There is evidence of the effectiveness of metoclopramide in the treatment of diseases accompanied by dyspeptic symptoms, as a rule, with repeated vomiting and nausea. It is also effective to treat seriously ill patients suffering from cardiac diseases, such as heart failure or myocardial infarction. Vomiting of pregnant women can also be quickly stopped after such treatment.

With the help of this drug, X-ray diagnosis of diseases of the small intestine and stomach is greatly facilitated and improved. If you have a migraine or Tourette's syndrome, you can get a high effect in the course of treatment with metoclopramide.

Metoclopramide - application

Such a drug is quite actively used to treat many diseases. The correct approach to treatment methods, taking into account the individual characteristics of the organism, is important. As a rule, self-treatment is not recommended in order to avoid serious complications that can be caused by side effects. It is also important to consider while taking the drug metoclopramide - use.

For adults

This drug is usually prescribed for oral administration and should not be chewed. Usually doctors prescribe this medicine to be taken fifteen minutes before a meal, with a small amount of water being consumed.

For adults, it is recommended to take one tablet - 10 mg three times a day. The maximum dose of the drug at a time is 20 mg, while the highest daily dose is 60 mg. Children over the age of six years take 0.5 tablets - 5 mg three times a day, at the age of 3 to 6 years, take 2 mg two or three times a day. Moreover, on average, the duration of the entire course of treatment for adults is four to six weeks.

If there is a paresis of the stomach, adults are injected from 10 to 15 mg of the substance no more than four times during the day. To get rid of the state of nausea or vomiting during chemotherapy, if any, intravenous administration of the drug is indicated at a dose of 1 or 2 mg / kg half an hour before the start of the therapy session, after which the administration of the drug is prescribed every two or four hours, for adults it is indicated no more than 10 mg.

For kids

For children, metroclopramide is not contraindicated, but at the same time, the dose prescribed by the doctor should not be exceeded, and the course of treatment should be short-lived.

This drug can also be prescribed in solution, both intravenously and intramuscularly. If there is a need to prescribe such a medication, children, if it is necessary to undergo chemotherapy, are prescribed it in the same way as adults, the agent is administered intravenously at the rate of 1 mg / kg or 2 mg / kg half an hour before the treatment session. thereafter every two or four hours.

If metoclopramide is prescribed beforehand with procedures such as an X-ray of the stomach or the introduction of a probe into the intestines, children under the age of six are given a medicine - 0.1 mg per kilogram, children from six to fourteen years old - 2.5 or 5 mg.

Metoclopramide - tablets

Usually tablets are produced in packages of 10 mg - 50 pieces each. Usually doctors prescribe medication for adults, 5 or 10 mg three times or four times a day, take it half an hour before meals with a small amount of liquid. The daily dose is 60 mg, the largest single dose is 20 mg. Children after six years of age take 5 mg tablets once or three times a day, children from two to six years old receive the drug at the rate of 0.5-1 mg / kg of body weight. At the same time, it is important to remember that taking the medication alone can be fraught with consequences, therefore, you must first consult a doctor about the use of the drug matoclopramide - tablets.

Side effects

Metoclopramide usually does not have many side effects. But at the same time, in exceptional cases, there may be certain disorders, such as trembling, impaired coordination of movements. Extrapyramidal side effects are sometimes observed, most often resembling Parkinson's disease. This is due to the antagonistic effect on the dopamine receptors in the brain. To remove such manifestations, caffeine is prescribed.

For children under the age of fourteen, the medicine must be prescribed with extreme caution, since negative manifestations are possible. As a side effect, dry mouth, drowsiness, or tinnitus may occur. To reduce the manifestation of such negative phenomena, it is advisable to prescribe the medicine after a meal.

Drug interactions

During the simultaneous administration of the drug with anticholinergic agents, a weakening of the treatment effect is possible. The simultaneous administration of the drug with substances - neuroleptics increases the risk of extrapyramidal reactions, in particular this applies to drugs of the phenothiazine series, as well as derivatives of butyrophenone. If you take acetylsalicylic acid, ethanol or paracetamol at the same time, the absorption of these substances increases. With the intramuscular administration of metoclopramide, the rate of absorption of diazepam increases, as well as its concentration in the blood plasma.

During simultaneous use with digoxin (especially its dissolving dosage form), a decrease in the concentration of digoxin in the blood is often observed, if such a drug is taken in liquid form or in the form of an instant drug, no changes are observed. If metoclopramide is taken simultaneously with zopiclone, then the absorption of zopiclone is likely to accelerate, in the case of using the drug with cabergoline, the effect of the second decreases.

Storage conditions for metoclopramide

The medicine must be stored in a dark place, as well as out of the reach of children.

Metoclopramide - price

This drug can be purchased at a price per ampoule - from 5, 60 rubles, in tablet form, price: 25.50 - 28 rubles. For a drug such as metoclopramide, the price is quite consistent with the quality.

Metoclopramide - reviews

Metoclopramide is the best helper during nausea and vomiting, the effect is felt almost immediately.

Metoclopramide is an antiemetic drug. It is used for vomiting of various origins. The drug is used for nausea and hiccups, regulates the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, and enhances motor skills. When using the drug, gastric emptying is accelerated, while there is no change in the secretory function of the stomach. Thanks to the intake of this remedy, the movement of the consumed food through the small intestine is accelerated, but diarrhea does not occur.

Composition and form of release

This antiemetic comes in the following forms:

Tablets;
Injection solution with a concentration of 0.5% in ampoules, with a volume of 2 ml;
Children's sire (not sold in Russia).

The composition of the product

Active substance: 10 mg metoclopramide hydrochloride in each tablet.
Excipients: lactose monohydrate, potato starch, povidone, calcium stearate

pharmachologic effect

Other properties of metoclopramide:

Bile secretion returns to normal;
Dyskinesia of the gallbladder is eliminated;
The use of the drug allows you to heal ulcers in the duodenum and stomach;
Stimulates the production of prolactin. It is a pituitary hormone that has a multifaceted effect on the state of the body.

One of their characteristics is its rapid absorption from the intestines. Metoclopramide has its effect within the first three minutes after intravenous administration. If it is injected intramuscularly, this effect is produced within the first fifteen minutes. If metoclopramide is used in medications, then the medication lasts for an hour.

According to the official instructions, the maximum concentration of the drug is reached within two hours. The antiemetic effect continues for twelve hours after taking the drug. The drug is excreted through the renal system. Metoclopramide crosses the placental barrier and passes into breast milk.

Other characteristics of the drug metoclopramide include:

Rapid absorption from the gastrointestinal tract;
The agent binds to plasma proteins, the percentage of binding is thirty;
Biotransformed in the liver;
It can be excreted both unchanged and in the form of metabolites.

Indications for the use of Metoclopramide

Nausea accompanied by vomiting, which has arisen for various reasons:

Due to the use of drugs (antibiotic drugs, drugs for anesthesia, etc.);
With a radiation therapy program;
With diseases of the renal system (uremia);
With liver diseases;
With vomiting in women who are at term;
With trauma to the cranial brain;
In the presence of inaccuracies in the power supply.

The motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract decreases (this includes postoperative paresis).

Gastric juice is thrown into the esophagus, which causes inflammatory processes in the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.

Flatulence (gas accumulates in the intestines, bloating is observed).

Gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer during an exacerbation.

Dyspeptic syndrome (vomiting) that occurs with myocardial infarction, as well as heart failure.

Involuntary twitching in children in the face.

Migraine - when using metoclopramide, not only nausea is relieved, but also headaches.

Preparatory work for X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract.

Contraindications

When taking the drug Metoclopramide, a number of contraindications must also be taken into account:

Individual intolerance to the drug or components that make up the drug.
Bleeding manifested at the level of the gastrointestinal tract.
Epilepsy - The drug can cause increases in the number and severity of seizures.
Glaucoma is a disease accompanied by an increase in intraocular pressure.
Bowel obstruction.
Pheochromocytoma - the use of the drug for this disease can be a cause of a hypertensive crisis.
Parkinson's disease.
Increase in blood pressure.
Children under the age of two.
First trimester of pregnancy.
Diseases of the kidneys and liver - failure.
Bronchial asthma - if you take the drug for this disease, the risk of bronchospasm increases.
Muscle tone and movement are impaired.

Side effects

Side effects are rare with metoclopramide. However, they can be if the treatment continues for a long time and large dosages of the drug are taken:

Sensory organs, nervous system:

Restlessness of the motor system (statistics show that such a side case is established in 10%);
Drowsiness (this effect is noted when using the drug in high dosages);
Weakness and manifestation of high fatigue;
Extrapyramidal disorders (they are expressed in involuntary twitching of the eye, muscles and muscles);
Speech disorders after taking the drug;
Noisy breathing due to spasm of the larynx;
Parkinson's disease symptoms: hands shake, movements are inhibited, muscle tone is increased;
Headache;
Anxiety and confusion;
Noise in ears;
Manifestation of hallucinations;
Increased body temperature.

Blood circulation, cardiovascular system

Blood pressure surges: a sharp drop or rise;
Pulse quickens;
The body retains fluid;
The rhythm of cardiac activity is disturbed;
The number of leukocytes in the blood decreases and another of their types - neutrophils;
With prolonged use, agranulocytosis develops;
In the blood appears toxic changes in hemoglobin.

Dryness in the mouth;
Stool is disturbed (this is expressed by diarrhea or frequent constipation);
The skin takes on an icteric color, the blood test parameters change;

Other reactions:

Allergic reactions, manifested in the form of skin rashes;
Increased urination, urinary incontinence;
The menstrual cycle is disturbed;
Galactorrhea (with involuntary discharge of milk or milk fluid is observed);
Porphyria (pigment metabolism is disturbed);
Hyperemia - the lining of the nose turns red.

Instructions for use

Metoclopramide is drunk half an hour before eating. You can not chew the tablets, you need to drink it with a little water. The medicine, presented in the form of an injection solution, can be administered in two ways:

Intravenous method.
Intramuscular route.

Often, a few drops of metoclopramide solution are instilled into the nose. With the intranazole method of administration, the solution must be instilled into the nasal passage at 20 mg several times during the day. When taking the medication Metoclopramide, you should try to avoid the use of alcoholic beverages. This can lead to the development of complications. It is important to take into account that while taking the drug, concentration of attention decreases, and the reaction with the use of metoclopramide also slows down. In this case, it is recommended to refuse to drive a vehicle.

Method and dosage of tablets

For adult patients, 5-10 mg of metoclopramide is prescribed three to four times a day;
The maximum single dosage is 20 mg (two tablets);
The maximum daily dosage is 60 mg (six tablets per day).

Method and dosage of injections

Dosage of Metoclopramide injection solution intramuscularly or intravenously:

With paresis of the gastrointestinal tract, 10-15 mg four times a day;
For prophylactic purposes, for the treatment of vomiting and nausea and during chemical therapy, it is required to enter a dosage of metoclopramide at the rate of 1-2 mg per kilogram of weight thirty minutes before the start of a session of chemical or radiation therapy, then every three hours, if necessary;
Five, ten, fifteen minutes before the X-ray examination, it is necessary to take 10-20 mg of meclopramide intravenously for adult patients.
The maximum dosage for use is also 60 mg.

Metoclopromide for children

According to the instructions, children under two years old are prohibited from using Metoclopramide in any form! Children under the age of six can only use the drug in the form of tablets in accordance with strict indications and with caution. Dosage of the drug: 0.5 mg per kilogram of the child's weight. The daily dosage should be divided into three doses. For older children, 5 mg is prescribed three times a day.

If chemical or radiation therapy is carried out, then thirty minutes before the session, a drug in 1-2 mg of the drug is injected intravenously, if necessary, the therapeutic course is repeated every three hours. The course of treatment with metoclopramide in pediatric patients should be minimal in duration.

During pregnancy and lactation

In the first trimester of pregnancy, the drug is contraindicated. In the 2nd and 3rd trimester, the use of metoclopramide is allowed only in accordance with vital indications, all studies were carried out on animals, but the negative effect was not detected. Metoclopramide passes into breast milk, so if it is prescribed during breastfeeding, but breastfeeding must be discontinued.

Overdose

A number of cases of overdose have been recorded. This is evidenced by the following signs:

Hypersomnia (drowsiness even in the daytime, long night sleep);
Confused consciousness;
Extrapyramidal disorder (muscle tone is impaired);

You must stop taking metoclopramide. All symptoms will disappear within 24 hours after stopping the use of the drug.

special instructions

The instructions note that the average duration of treatment with metoclopramide in adult patients is from four to six weeks of taking the drug. If necessary, the doctor can prescribe a second course in order to enhance or consolidate the received therapeutic effect.

Interaction with other drugs

Interaction of the drug Metoclopramide with others when using drugs:

With the simultaneous use of this remedy with sleeping pills, the effect of the latter is enhanced;
Alcoholic products have a negative effect on the central nervous system, with the simultaneous use of Metoclopramide, such a negative effect is amplified at times;
If the drug is used together with cholinesterase inhibitors, the effectiveness of metoclopramide is significantly reduced;
With the simultaneous administration of drugs, which include opoids, the effect of the drug on the gastrointestinal tract;
If you use Metoclopramide together with zopiclone, then the absorption of the last drug is enhanced;
When taking the drug with cabergoline, a decrease in the activity of cabergoline is observed.

The instructions indicate that it is not recommended to use metoclopramide and antipsychotics at the same time (this is especially true for butyformenone). This is due to an increase in the likelihood of the risk of developing extrapyramidal disorders. These include changed muscle tone, as well as disruption of the motor system. Some of the features that must be taken into account when using the medication include:

When taking metoclopramide, caution should be exercised in patients who are diagnosed with bronchial asthma, impaired kidney or liver function, and Parkinson's disease.
Caution is required to be taken by patients in childhood who have an increased likelihood of dyskenetic syndrome.
Metoclopramide helps to cope with vomiting, the cause of which is the intake of cytostatics.
If the drug is taken by elderly patients, then with a long course of treatment in high or medium dosages, the following side effects may occur: extrapyramidal disorders, including symptoms of Parkinson's disease (for example, tremors in the hands).
Due to metoclopramide, laboratory indicators of liver function can be distorted.

Domestic and foreign analogues

Metoclopramide has a large number of structural analogs. These include:

Raglan;
Analogue of Metoclopramide - Pramin;
Whisked;
Rimetin;
Analogue of Metoclopramide - Klopan;
Primperan;
Plastic;
Passpertin;
Analogue of Metoclopramide - Viscal;
Comportan.

Price in pharmacies

The price of Metoclopramide in different pharmacies can vary significantly. This is due to the use of cheaper components and the pricing policy of the pharmacy chain.

Read the official information about the drug Metoclopramide, the instructions for use of which include general information and a treatment regimen. The text is provided for informational purposes only and cannot serve as a substitute for a doctor's consultation.

Photo of the drug

Latin name: Metoclopramide

ATX code: A03FA01

Active substance: Metoclopramide

Manufacturer: BORISOVSKIY PLANT OF MEDICINE PREPARATIONS (Republic of Belarus); PROMED EXPORTS (India); Moscow Endocrine Plant (Russia)

Description up to date on: 30.10.17

Metoclopramide is an antiemetic drug.

Release form and composition

It is available in the form of tablets for oral administration and solution for injection.

Indications for use

Indications for use are conditions such as nausea, vomiting and hiccups. The drug can be prescribed for biliary dyskinesia, atony and hypotension of the stomach and intestines, flatulence, reflux esophagitis, exacerbation of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer (as part of complex therapy). Another indication is a radiopaque study of the gastrointestinal tract: in this case, this agent is used to accelerate intestinal motility.

Contraindications

glaucoma;
epilepsy;
pheochromocytoma;
prolactin-dependent tumors;
perforation of the stomach or intestines;
bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract;
extrapyramidal disorders;
intestinal obstruction of mechanical origin.

Contraindications to use are also hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, the period of pregnancy and breastfeeding. Do not prescribe with the simultaneous use of anticholinergic drugs.

Instructions for use Metoclopramide (method and dosage)

Tablets

The tablets are taken orally half an hour before meals with a small amount of liquid.

Children over the age of 6 are prescribed 5 mg 1-3 times a day.

Injection

The solution can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

The dosage for adults is 10-20 mg 2-3 times a day (no more than 60 mg per day). For children from 6 years of age, the recommended dose is 5 mg, which are administered 1-3 times a day. Children from 2 to 6 years old are shown the introduction of a solution in the amount of 0.5-1 mg per kilogram of body weight per day.

In order to prevent and treat vomiting and nausea that occurs against the background of radiation therapy or taking cystostatics, it is administered intravenously at a dosage of 2 mg per kilogram of weight half an hour before taking the medication or the procedure. In case of urgent need, the drug may be re-administered after 2-3 hours.

Before conducting an X-ray study with contrast, intravenous administration of a solution in the amount of 10-20 mg is recommended 15 minutes before the start of the procedure.

Side effects

Side effects usually appear at the beginning of treatment in the form of constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, akathisia, and agranulocytosis. In rare cases, dry mouth and skin rashes are observed. With prolonged use, the drug can provoke the development of gynecomastia, galactorrhea and menstrual irregularities.

In children, metoclopramide can cause hyperkinesis, facial muscle spasms, and spastic torticollis. These side effects usually go away on their own immediately after discontinuation of the drug.

Elderly patients with prolonged use of the drug may develop tardive dyskinesia and parkinsonism.

Overdose

There is no data on overdose.

Analogs

Analogues according to the ATX code: Metamol, Perinorm, Raglan, Cerukal, Ceruglan.

Do not make the decision to change the drug yourself, consult your doctor.

pharmachologic effect

Has antiemetic effect. It reduces the manifestations of hiccups, nausea and vomiting, making it easier for the patient. The drug stimulates the peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract, reduces the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus by increasing the sphincter pressure.

Metoclopramide - the active active ingredient of the drug stimulates the production of prolactin and causes a transient increase in the level of circulating aldosterone, which may be accompanied by short-term fluid retention.

special instructions

Patients with severe impairment of the functioning of the kidneys or liver are recommended to reduce the dosage by 2 times from the usual. Further dose adjustment depends on the patient's response to the therapy.

It is used with caution in patients with arterial hypertension, bronchial asthma and Parkinson's disease. When treating children, the drug should also be used with caution, since they are much more likely to develop dyskinetic syndrome. In the presence of strict indications, metoclopramide can be used in children aged 2 years and older (in the form of injections) and from the age of 6 years (in the form of tablets).

During pregnancy and breastfeeding

Contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

In childhood

Solution for injection is contraindicated in children under 2 years of age, tablets up to 6. At an older age, it is used with extreme caution, observing the recommended dosage regimen.

In old age

It is used with extreme caution to treat the elderly because of the high risk of developing dyskinesia and parkinsonism.

With impaired renal function

With extreme caution, it is prescribed for severe renal impairment.

For violations of liver function

With extreme caution, it is prescribed for severe liver dysfunctions.

Drug interactions

With simultaneous use with anticholinergic drugs, there is a mutual weakening of the therapeutic effects. Also, the drug is able to reduce the bioavailability of ketoprofen, the effectiveness of cabergoline and the antiparkinsonian effect of levodopa.
When metoclopramide is taken in combination with zopiclone, paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, ethanol, diazepam, mefloquine, morphine, mexiletine and cyclosporine, the absorption of these drugs is accelerated.
Medicines of the neuroleptic group, as well as fluvoxamine and fluoxetine, increase the risk of developing extrapyramidal conditions during treatment. The effectiveness of the drug may decrease with the simultaneous use of tolterodine. If it is necessary to use metoclopramide before the injection of thiopental or propofol, it may be necessary to reduce the dosage of these drugs.