Vomiting and diarrhea cause in adult. Diarrhea (diarrhea) as a symptom: Possible causes, treatment, prevention of dehydration

Diarrhea is a common symptom in children and adults. Almost every person has the experience of the stomach disorder. Strong diarrhea is a serious danger to the body. It is important to start acting in time to prevent unwanted symptoms. What helps how to treat when you should contact ambulance - these and other basic issues are covered in the article.

Diarrhea (Medical term "diarrhea") is a violation of the normal functioning of the stomach. It is believed that the body is similarly cleaning from pathogenic microorganisms. Reasons for diarrhea:

• Frequent stressful situations (neurogenic);
• Arises when violating the work of the central nervous system;
• Food poisoning;
• Diarrhea (duspection) happens due to the variability of climatic conditions, the usual nutrition;
• Inflammation of the intestines;
• Violation of the work gastrointestinal tract (dyspeptic diarrhea);
• Cancer, ;
• Diverticulosis;
• Chronic, acute gastritis;
• Viral;
• Varieties of diseases associated with the gastrointestinal bodies (gastrointestinal tract);
• The syndrome of the broken colon.

For diseases of the gastrointestinal organs, the normal metabolic process is disturbed. This causes a stomach disorder.

Four mechanisms leading to diarrhea are known. They arise individually or intersect with each other. Types of diarrhea:

1. Diarrhea associated with the intestinal failure;
2. Secretory;
3. Osmotic;
4. Exudative.

There is a clinical characteristic: diarrhea with severe dehydration, moderate, without dehydration.

Different types of bacterial diseases, viral infection can cause the above mechanisms, leading to a stomach disorder. The reason is sometimes drugs: antibiotics, antacids (anti-inflammatory drugs), diuretics (anti-transfers), anticonvulsants.

Excessive alcohol consumption, food allergies, diabetes, hyperthyroidism (increased thyroid gland) violate the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal organs.

Strong diarrhea refers to protective mechanisms. The body allocates harmful substances that cause inflammation of the stomach and intestinal mucosa. Liquid stools performs cleaning function. Therefore, it is not recommended to immediately take tablets to stop diarrhea. It is important to drink a sufficient amount of fluid to prevent dehydration and replenish the body with nutrients and microelements.

Symptoms in diarrhea

The main features of diarrheal include:

• Bloating;
• Feeling of discomfort in the stomach after meals;
• Employed gas formation is manifested;
• Pain in the abdomen;
• Frequent emptying of the stomach;
• A watery chair (may be odorless, with an admixture of bile, blood clots);
• Feeling of nausea, vomiting;
• Severe weakness, bad appetite;
• Periodic dizziness.

Diarrhea is not a disease, but an accompanying symptom of a number of complications of health. The gastric tract does not cope with the digestive process.

• Long-term stomach disorder displays from the body with harmful substances and useful elements. It is necessary to normalize the water-salt balance of the body. To do this, it is recommended to make more fluid. Water can be slightly salted. Salt delays fluid in the body. Pharmacies sell rehydration solutions (regiders, Reosolan). They compensate for lost water and trace elements.
• Observe bedding. With a large loss of fluid, due to dehydration, people are possible in the eyes, dizziness. The constant feeling of thirst signals dehydration. It is necessary to urgently apply to ambulance.
• Stick up the diet menu. After pork again, nausea and stomach disorder are possible. It is important to replenish the body with nutrients to prevent exhaustion.
• Avoid products that contribute to the increase in gas formation or providing a laxative effect. For half an hour before meals, it is permissible to accept prebiots that restore the operation of the stomach. The diet must be respected by the entire recovery period. It will be necessary to adhere to the correct nutrition not only after eliminating the symptoms.

If only liquid stools are observed, without other symptoms, it is allowed to try to cope on their own. An adult man is able to cope with the first signs of diarrhea, but if during the day, it is enhanced, the patient's condition deteriorates, contact medical care.

Preventive measures

The main prevention of diarrhea is a healthy lifestyle and observance of hygiene. Advice:

• Always wash the fruits, vegetables before meal (an unexpected liquid chair is often caused by dirty food).
• Follow the diet, avoid overeating, spoiled products.
• Enter an active lifestyle.
• Once a year, pass the survey on diseases of the gastrointestinal organs.

Watch for food, well-being, lifestyle and be healthy!

Vomiting and diarrhea in an adult is a fairly unpleasant condition that may indicate various diseases.

This condition does not just worsens the quality of life, pain can appear, weakness in the body and muscles, and sometimes even threatens with a fatal outcome.

As a rule, diarrhea with vomiting indicates intoxication of the body, and can be added to the temperature increase.

Causes

If diarrhea sharply appears with vomiting in adults, then this is a sign that the body begins to defend and try to get rid of pathogenic bacteria, toxins that fall into the body.

In some cases, the symptoms of the state may indicate the reasons that caused by severe diseases, as well as changes in the mucous membranes and intestinal walls or stomach.

There are reasons that most often appear in an adult:

1. The usual poisoning of food, resulting from the use of spoiled food.
2. Abused products, resulting in overeating. Diarrhea may appear after the abundant use of fatty products. In this case, the body lacks enzymes for food processing.
3. Bactericidal infection. This reason can include salmonellosis, dysentery or cholera.
4. Viral infection where rotavirus refers, as well as hepatitis.
5. Gastrointestinal diseases, for example, gastritis, ulcers.
6. Inflammatory processes that occur in the pancreas in adults.
7. Vomiting and diarrhea can be diagnosed with cholecystitis, enterocolit.
8. In adults who work in production and other enterprises where chemistry is used, poisoning poisoning or toxins can occur, which lead to vomiting and liquid stool.

It is worth noting that vomiting and diarrhea are not the only symptoms, in some cases nausea appears, temperature.

If there is nausea, but the temperatures are not observed, then the reasons can be in a banal overeating or poisoning in a slight form. Such a state can pass and the treatment of doctors in this case will not need.

With a diarrhea, long vomiting, as well as no temperature, the cause may be an irritable bowel syndrome, which appears through frequent stress, anxiety and experiences.

Treatment of such a state is carried out with the help of a psychologist, as well as the use of sedatives.

With the addition of temperature, the causes also change and may indicate serious diseases, since the adult organism begins to connect additional means of protection, namely immunity.

The body tries with all the methods to cope with the disease, while the person appears a feeling of weakness. Such a state may indicate ulcers, pancreatitis or gastritis.

If the temperature appears at 38 or more degrees, the reasons may be in malignant tumors. If so, then diarrhea and vomiting are complemented by severe pain.

First aid

When an adult appears nausea, weakness, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, then you will need to take first-aid measures.

To do this, you will need to call the doctor so that it will definitely establish the causes of the disorder and prescribed quality treatment. If you can't call an ambulance, you can provide first aid on your own.

When diarrhea and vomiting are so strong that it is impossible to suffer, you must necessarily call an ambulance, in which case even if nausea and weakness are very strong forbidden to use medicines.

They are capable not only to harm, but also will not show the exact picture of the doctor, respectively, it will not be able to normally diagnose.

If the reason becomes poisoning and there are 100% confidence in it, then we can immediately wash the stomach.

At home, it is enough to drink a lot of water or make a light solution of manganese and take it inside, after that it is necessary to provoke vomiting with an artificial method.

Medical treatment

Depending on the reason for diarrhea and vomiting, various treatments can be used.

The main rules are as follows:

1. It is forbidden to use without permission of doctors with a diarrhea, which can affect the intestinal activity, for example, "Imodium", "Loperamide". This is due to the fact that all symptoms relate to natural factors, thanks to which the body conducts cleansing. If you try to stop this cleansing, then toxins can begin to fall into the blood, as a result there may be complications.
2. If weakness, vomiting and diarrhe appears, then the sorbents can be used initially. In this case, it is allowed to use the usual activated carbon or to make stronger means, for example, "Smekt", "Enterosgel", "Sorbex" and others.
3. If weakness and nausea appears, but it is impossible to use sorbents, it is recommended to make an enema.
4. If vomiting and diarrhea are strong, and continue for a long time, then the loss of beneficial substances occurs and the fluid is quickly coming out, possibly dehydration. To prevent this problem, you need to drink plenty of water, but it is better to carry out treatment with a solution called "Regidron".
5. Diarrhea and vomiting, which is caused by the disadvantage of enzymes in the body or overeating with the help of Tablets "Mezim", "Festal".
6. Diarrhea and diarrhea for the reason for bacterial infection require therapy with antibiotics, as well as antimicrobial means. In this case, independent treatment is strictly prohibited, because in case of errors or incorrectly selected drugs, the appearance of dysbiosis. For an adult, you can use for the treatment of "nifuroxazid".
7. If vomiting often appears, it will be necessary to eat more water in order to reduce the load on the gastrointestinal tract. Vomiting may stop in an adult, if we take "diazepam" or "metoclopramide".

Separate treatment is necessary for an adult person who has weakness and, the temperature increases to 38-39 degrees.

Such a state indicates inflammation in the body and it is not always necessary to use medicines to bring down the temperature.

It is allowed to bring down the temperature that becomes closer to 39 degrees, and if the temperature is also growing, then you must necessarily call an ambulance.

An adult man needs to put on the bed and before the doctor's arrival to wipe with a wet towel, and also give to drink a solution of "regider".

Folk remedies

Ponos and vomiting can be treated by other methods using the recipes of traditional medicine. Some funds can get rid of many additional symptoms, as well as significantly improve health.

To treat folk remedies, you can use such methods:

1. With the appearance of intestines and other pains, it is necessary to prepare a decoction based on chamomile and drink instead of tea.
2. With the advent of temperature and chills, it is necessary to treat a person with linden tea or cranberry. Help helps a branch. During drinking, sweating appears, which perfectly affects the temperature and can reduce the heat.
3. Well stops diarrhea and pain in the infusion of Fennel. It can normalize digestive work. Infusion should be taken 3-4 times a day in small portions.
4. Perfect to treat disorders and poor condition by ordinary tea with ginger. But it does not need to drink cups. To treat diarrhea and other symptoms enough to drink it according to 1 tbsp.

After such consumption, the patient ceases to appear vomiting, nausea decreases.

It is possible to treat diarrhea and vomiting with the help of traditional medicine, but it is recommended to use as additional measures.

Such remedies make it possible to significantly alleviate the condition of the patient without the use of medicines, as well as rapidly recover after disease.

Nutrition rules

In addition to the use of folk and drug funds with diarrhea and vomiting, it is necessary to use some rules for nutrition and care. To feel the relief of the person you need:

1. Change your diet for the period of treatment and use special diets. In diarrhea, it is necessary to eat those products that are easily absorbed, and also do not cause irritation and severity for the intestine and stomach. It is recommended to use skimmed kefir, crackers instead of bread, decoction based on rice, vegetables, as well as light meat broths, which are prepared from non-large varieties of chicken.
2. Power should be frequent and small portions. It is very important in this state not to overeat.
3. During treatment, you need to eat more fastening porridges that are made on water without adding oil and other products. Fish and meat of non-fat varieties are allowed and it is better to cook them for a couple, in the oven or cook.
4. Drinking mode is necessarily observed. A day you need to drink from 2-3 liters of water for adults.
5. At a temperature, you need to wipe the face and body with a wet towel with a wet towel, and also regularly ventilated the room to come in fresh, cool air.
6. With constant vomit, it is necessary to rinse the oral cavity. For this, it is preparing a decoction or infusion of mint, chamomile.

But only a doctor should determine the cause of the disease. You can independently determine the diagnosis can be problematic.

Be sure to contact the doctors if the symptoms do not pass for 2-3 days. In some cases, the doctor is needed immediately if the feces or vomiting have blood.

Useful video

If a trip to the toilet today has become the third (fourth, fifth ...), and "decorated" the chair can not be called even with a pretty stock of optimism, we are talking about diarrhea - acute, if such a state persists less than two weeks or chronic - if longer continues or chronic recurrences. In this article we will talk about the treatment of diarrhea in adults and about the means that will help cope with this unpleasant disease.

Diarrhea is not a disease, but a symptom for various diseases. Clarification of the diagnosis is a question of paramount importance, because treatment depends on it. For example, with severe dysentery, antibiotics are needed, but in case of crown disease, they are completely useless, and the effect can be expected only when the glucocorticosteroids are prescribed.

However, there are general rules of deliverance from diarrhea, regardless of its cause.

Diet

In diarrhea, to prevent dehydration, the patient should drink more.

Replenishing fluid loss

And this can be significant - up to several liters - volume. And not only water is lost, but also trace elements, so it is better to drink not just water or decoction of herbs, but pharmacy (regider, citrotrotosolan) or independently prepared glucose saline solutions: on liter of water - a teaspoon of salt, twice as smoky, a quarter spoons of chloride Potassium, 4 tablespoons of sugar. If there is no potassium salt in the house (which is likely), it can be replaced with a glass of orange juice or a compote from the Kuragi.

Sorbents

These include:

• first Aid Preparation - Enterosgel, modern biorganic silicon-based enterosorbent, which effectively absorbs and removes only toxic substances and peeling microbes from the stomach and intestines. Enterosgel in no way interacting from the gastrointestinal tract, unlike other sorbents, which stick to the inflamed mucosa and additionally injured it. The drug does not provoke constipation, does not cause allergies, allowed to receive from the first days of life.
• activated coal, up to 10 tablets during the day,
• kaolin (white clay),
• calcium carbonate and gluconate,
• bismuth salts that are practically not absorbed in the intestine and contribute to the sealing of the carts (VENTER, de NOL),
• smekt: Sachet dissolve in water, take 3-4 times during the day;
• drugs of lignin (polyfepan, biligin): These derivatives do not dissolve in water, but the powder is still easier to drink if the table spoon shake in half a glass of water;
  Ataptulgit - silicate of aluminum and magnesium, produced in tablets, can be taken up to 14 pieces during the day, drinking water, it is undesirable to use more than 2 days,
• cholestyramine is an ion exchange resin capable of binding bile acids, helps with a wireless diarrhea, which occurs after operations on the bustling bubble, stomach.

Sorbents are capable of binding and removing liquid and gas, viruses, bacteria and toxins from the intestines. They are effective in infectious diarrhea, reduce meteorism in irritable intestinal syndrome, but with impaired suction (enteropathy, amyloidosis), such drugs may aggravate the symptoms of the power deficit.
We should not forget that the drugs of this group are able to bind and drug preparations, so they should be taken with a rupture in time, preferably at least 2 hours.

Tools that reduce intestinal secretion

These are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: indomethacin, diclofenac. They are used by short courses in sharp bacterial diarrhea: in the first day from the beginning of the disease. Sulfasalazine, relating to the same group, on the contrary, takes the patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis.
The same effect and steroid preparations (prednisolone, methipred). They successfully apply to the treatment of Crohn's disease.

Phytotherapy

The effect of most "binders" herbs is also based on a decrease in intestinal secretion: oak bark and alder bark, cherry fruits, laptop root, daisy flowers were used in folk medicine to treat diarrhea.

Enzymes

They are especially shown in diarrhea associated with impaired absorption and strip digestion. Preference - Preparations that do not contain bile acids: Creon, Pancreatin, Mezim Forte, Poletrath.

Preparations acting on intestinal motor

Lopedium (Imodium, Loperamide) is the most advertised drug at diarrhea. It really effectively acts with functional disorders associated with the amplification of motility (with irritable intestinal syndrome). It is possible to apply it in the disease Crown. However, in infectious diarrhea, it is undesirable to use it. The slowdown of the evacuation of feces from the intestines will detain toxins and bacterial agents in the body, that is, not accelerate, but will slow down recovery. It is not effective in diabetic enteropathy, intestinal amyloidosis.
Otreotide is an analogue of the hormone of somatostatin. It slows down the intestinal motor activity, but at the same time enhances suction, which makes it indispensable in enteropathy.

Reduce the intestinal motility of cholinolitics (atropine, platiphyllin), spasmolitics (papaverine, but-shp), they can be used in the first days with acute diarrhea, especially if it is accompanied by pain in the stomach.

Probiotics

Medical treatment with diarrhea appoints exclusively the doctor depending on the cause and severity of the disease.

The bond intestinal microflora provides normal digestion and suction. In diarrhea, it always undergoes changes. For its recovery use

• preparations containing transient microflora (enterol, bakyubyl),
• preparations that contain particles of intestinal microorganisms, their products of their metabolism (hilak-forte),
• preparations that contain bond intestinal flora (bifidbacterin, lactobacterin, acylact, Narina, Lines)

Often diarrhea passes independently even without treatment. Symptomatic therapy of the challenge of the chair turns out to be effective in most cases, despite the root cause. But for innocent symptoms there may be serious problems, from thyrotoxicosis to colon cancer. Therefore, long-term or re-diarrhea, blood in feces or a black chair, weight loss - all this undoubted reason to consult a doctor and go through a full-fledged examination.

To which doctor to turn

If a frequent liquid chair is accompanied by vomiting and fever - it is necessary to refer to the therapist or infectious background. In case the diarrhea is long, but proceeds against the background of a satisfactory condition of the patient, a gastroenterologist should be visited to clarify the reason for this symptom.

Professor V.T. Ivashkin about the diarrhea in the transfer "Unnavitant"

) - Pathological violation of the chair: a rapid defecation (more than three times a day). At the same time, the chair becomes liquid, watery, since the water content in the wheel masses sharply increases and their accelerated evacuation occurs.

The amount of detergents is more than 300 g, whereas in the norm the mass of daily feces 200-300 g. Ponos is usually accompanied by sharp pain in the abdomen, emergency urges to the act of defecation and anal incontinence. Diarrhea is not an independent disease, it is a symptom indicating serious malfunctions in the body.

By itself, diarrhea in an adult, as a symptom is not dangerous, but the devastating are its serious consequences, ranging from dehydration and ending with anemia.

Causes of diarrhea

The digestive system is very tightly in contact with the external environment, often exposed to various pathogenic microorganisms, which violates its normal operation and, as a result, causes a chair disorder.

The development of diarrhea also leads other groups of factors: diseases of individual systems and organs.

Infectious processes (viruses, bacteria)

In this situation, viruses or bacteria, falling into the intestinal duct, begin to distinguish a huge amount of toxic substances, enhancing intestinal peristalsis. Infectious processes include:

• cholera - acute infection affecting the small intestine;
• salmonellosis is an acute intestinal infection that affects the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, which causes severe intoxication of the whole organism;
• dieseneria - the total infectious intriccy of the body, affecting the distal colon department and causing the destruction of the mucous membrane in it, the symptom is also performing diarrhea;
• enterovirus infection is a group of diseases characterized by a strong fever and a sharp deterioration in the general physical condition of the patient. Finding into the body, the bacteria are striking epithelial tissues of various organs, including intestines;
• rotaviruses and adenoviruses are viruses infecting and damaging walls of the small intestine often called "intestinal influenza." Adult viruses in adults are brought in rare cases, mainly under existing dysbacteriosis;
• food toxicoinfection is an acute form of an intestinal infection that occurs when eating products infected with a large amount of toxins that were formed as a result of the vital activity of bacteria outside the human body.

Dysbacteriosis

The condition in which serious changes occur in the ratio of the useful and pathogenic intestinal microflora. Most often develops on the background:

• taking antibiotics;
• with a sharp decrease in immunity;
• when carrying out chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Enzyme failure, enzymesopathy

Violation of the development of certain enzymes that contribute to digestion of food also causes diarrhea. This happens in the following cases:

• pancreatitis - inflammation of the pancreas, in which the enzymes produced by it remain in the gland itself, destroying it (self-exhausting);
• break-stone disease - with a violation of the outflow of bile from the gallbladder, the digestion is broken, the food is poorly cleaved, which leads to irritation of the intestinal mucosa and as a result of the long-term diarrhea. As a result, the extraction of water, sodium and chlorine occurs. The mass of carts increases, and their promotion along the organ is accelerated.
• lactose insufficiency - arises due to existing allergic reactions in the body to this component.

Autoimmune diseases

Pathologists under which the human immune system amazes the tissue tissue, the symptoms of these diseases are accompanied by the appearance of diarrhea:

• - due to the abnormal changes in the intestine, the absorption of proteins, fat, carbohydrates and vitamins is disturbed, water production is enhanced, the passage of potassium masses in intestinal ducts is accelerated;
• nonspecific ulcerative colitis - a chronic inflammatory process in the intestines, violates the formation of normal carts due to pathological changes in the mucous tissues of the organ, often accompanied by diarrhea;
• enteritis - pathological changes in the small intestine, leading to a violation of the process of suction by the walls of nutrients;
• enterocolit - strong inflammation of the thick and thin intestinal department, leading to atrophically changes in epithelial tissue, disturbing the absorption of nutrient elements by its walls and the formation of carts.

Neuropsychiatric violations

Failures in the normal functioning of the vegetative nervous system very often lead to disorders in the regulation of digestion. Against this background, such a recurrent functional disorder is developing as "irritable bowel syndrome". At the same time, in the absence of any organic or infectious reasons, long-term diarrhea and malfunction of the body are characterized (over 3 months).

Inxication

When the organism is poisoning, nitrates, heavy metals, diarrhemides appear due to the destructive effects of toxic substances on the useful intestinal microflora.

Cancer tumors

Malignant neoplasms in the rectum can be the main cause of diarrhea in an adult. At the same time, in the cartoons, blood and mucus impurities can often be seen.

Hepatitis, liver cirrhosis

Pathological disease of the liver, the main symptom of which is diarrhea. The stool disorder occurs due to the intolerance of oily food and pathological changes in the tissues of the organ (cirrhosis, hepatitis of all groups, except a).

The consequences of admission of medication drugs

Diarrhea often appears due to the reception of antibiotics. This is caused by the fact that substances in the composition of these drugs, when entering the body, begin to actively suppress the growth of living cells, including intestinal microflora, which causes dysbacteriosis and as a result of the violation in the formation of the carts.

But still the most frequent causes of diarrhea in adults, it is the impact of viral and bacterial infections entering the body together with products or with water. Violating the equilibrium of intestinal microflora, they change the normal operation of the organ, which speeds up the digestive process, which is formed a liquid and frequent chair.

Diarrhea may also be a consequence of abuse of laxatives, cytostatics (antitumor agents that cause death of cancer cells), prokinetics (preparations for stimulating the gastrointestinal tract, often prescribed during constipation).

First symptoms

Symptoms of diarrhea numerous. In the clinical picture, both intestinal (when the acute diarrhea is caused by poisoning) and extra-sized signs (when diarrhea acquires a long course due to a chronic disease).

Signs of acute diarrhea:

• pain - arises due to strong peristalities, the location of the localization on the left, most often in the area of \u200b\u200bthe colon;
• - An integral sign of diarrhea. It develops due to a large amount of gases generated in the intestines: it may be fermentation processes caused by the disadvantage of certain enzymes or the processes of vital activity of bacteria and viruses;
• high temperature - a characteristic symptom for diarrhea caused by inflammatory processes in the body: food poisoning, viral and bacterial infections;
• tenses - painful urge to intestinal emptying. A sign characteristic of intestinal infections (dysentery, colitis);
• nausea and vomiting - characteristic diarrhea symptoms in food poisoning;
• the general weakness is a consequence of severe dehydration of the body at diarrhea.

Signs of extra investigative chronic diarrhea:

• anemia - reduced content in the blood of red blood cells and hemoglobin. Developed due to the damage to the mucous membrane of the intestinal walls, through which the absorption of substances beneficial for the body occurs. As a result, the deficit of the necessary trace elements is obtained;
• nausea - with colitis, crown disease and other pathologies of diarrhea is almost always accompanied by a strong nausea;
• the loss of appetite is caused by practically not passing nausea, vomiting, impaired metabolism.

In the extraintestinal diarrhea, symptoms and the main disease, provoked the disorder of the chair, are also characteristic. So, intestinal infections are often accompanied by skin rash, lesions of the joints, etc.

Provice diarrhea in an adult can also be improper nutrition, the abuse of coarse food of plant origin, sharp dishes, and strong drinks. Chair disorder may occur due to a sharp change of water, the usual diet and the situation. This is characteristic of tourists visiting exotic countries. Such a violation of the chair is often called "diarrhea tourist." The symptom quickly disappears on its own when returning to the usual living conditions.

Types of diarrhea and reasons for his appearance

Ponos are divided into the following types:

• infectious - with dysentery, enterovirus infection, food infections, etc.;
• alimentary - with allergies for food products, in power disorders;
• disps - with disorders in the process of digestion, with a lack of certain enzymes, in case of failures in normal operation of the liver, pancreas, thyroid gland, stomach, intestines;
• toxic - with elevations with heavy metals, chemicals;
• medical - with side effects after taking antibiotics;
• neurogenic - with psycho-emotional experiences that caused disruption of nervous regulation.

Determine the origin of diarrhea helps the color and consistency of the carts.

Color Cala	Calate consistency	The cause of the occurrence
	Liquid, unformed. Small particles of green or green mucus can be viewed.	Bacterial and viral infections.
		Enhanced abbreviation of intestinal walls, due to which Kal has time to pass by enzymes, but does not have time to take a normal form. At the same time, partial absorption of the necessary trace elements in the bloodstream occurs.
	Liquid or tar-shaped, inhomogeneous, unformed.	It has two characteristic reasons: 1. Gastric or intestinal bleeding. 2. Eating products based on animal blood, as well as beets, blueberries, activated carbon, bismuth-based preparations.
White	Unformed, very liquid. Cal may contain pieces of undigested food or a lot of mucus.	Insufficient processing of food bile due to squeezing or complete overlap of a common bile duct.
Blood, Dark Cherry	Liquid, casket, heterogeneous.	Active intestinal bleeding: Characterized with disintegrating tumors in the intestines and with severe intestinal infections, when there is a complete destruction of the body's mucosa of the organ wall.
Light yellow, in some cases practically transparent	Diarrhea with water: very liquid, watery, frothy.	Cholera, severe dysentery form.

In adults and children: what to do and how to cure a disease?

Clinical features

The medicine also distinguishes the sharp and chronic form of diarrhea.

Acute diarrhea

The duration of the stool violation is 2-3 weeks. Ostly form most often cause infectious and inflammatory processes in the intestine. Ponoz is accompanied by a strong bloating, sharp pains, nausea and vomiting. Appetite is practically absent, weight loss is possible.

Permanent diarrhea contributes to the rapid dehydration of the body.

In severe intestinal infections, a sharp increase in body temperature is possible, up to 40 0 \u200b\u200bs, febrile seizures and strong dizziness. At the same time, a mixture of blood is clearly visible in the cartoons, mucus with blood streaks.

Chronic diarrhea

The duration of the stool impairment is more than 3 weeks. This may be a consequence of serious diseases in the body, the identification of which is the main task of treating and further prevention. At the same time, special attention is paid to the frequency of daily defecation, color and consistency of the chair.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis of diarrhea is aimed primarily to find out the reasons that caused this condition. At the same time, a number of clinical, laboratory and instrumental procedures are used.

Clinical examination

Includes a patient's survey by a specialist, in which a number of possible causal factors caused by diarrhea. The doctor clarifies when the first violations of the chair occurred, whether someone from family members were sick, which products were used in patients on the eve of which symptoms accompany this state (pain, nausea, high temperature, etc.). After the patient's survey, the specialist necessarily conducts a visual inspection and palpation of the abdomen. This allows you to identify the localization of pain.

Laboratory research

The laboratory methods of diagnosis refers:

• - Common feast analysis in order to diagnose the work of the digestive organs;
• bacteriological analysis of Cala - is carried out in order to determine the quantitative and high-quality intestinal microflora, as well as to identify possible intestinal infections;
• common blood test - prescribed to identify infectious pathologies in the body: colitis, allergies, etc.;
• biochemical blood test - to identify pancreatitis, hepatitis, as root causes of diarrhea.

Instrumental examination

With acute and chronic form of diarrhea, a specialist may assign the following procedures:

• - when identifying, (inflammation of the paralegant tissue) suggests the existing Crohn disease;
• endoscopic examination techniques are prescribed to inspect the inner walls of the gastrointestinal tract and intestines to identify possible damage to epithelial tissue, inflammation, neoplasms, ulcers, etc.;
• Ultrasound of the abdominal bodies - are mainly carried out in chronic diarrhea to diagnose possible functional disorders of the secretory work of the liver, pancreas, the small intestine.

Diarrhea Treatment: First Aid, Diet, Preparations

Given that diarrhea is a consequence of many diseases, then when choosing treatment tactics, the main role is played by identifying and eliminating the main pathology. At the same time, the treatment of diarrhea in adults implies the use of complex therapy (diet, taking antibacterial and rehydrating drugs, etc.) depending on the type of diarrhea.

First aid in diarrhea in adults

The first aid for diarrhea lies not only in facilitating the state of the patient, but also in the elimination of adverse effects for the body.

All actions that can be independently performed at home can be divided into several stages:

1. Prevention of dehydration of the body. In diarrhea, the water-salt balance in the body is dramatically violated. To normalize it, the patient should be drunk in large quantities, non-carbonated water. You can take such solutions as a regider, ralit. They can be replaced by physiological solution, salted water, chamomile decoction. At the same time, to start the replenishment of the fluid lost by the body immediately, at the first signs of diarrhea.
2. Reception of sorbents (activated carbon,). They will help improve the state of the intestine and bring harmful substances from the body that could provoke diarrhea.
3. Eating should be limited by 4-6 hours, then adhere to a special diet in nutrition.

If the patient's condition does not improve, the chair disorder continues more than three days should immediately appeal for medical care, especially if there are blood or mucus in a large volume or with blood veins. In no case cannot be engaged in self-medication with such dangerous symptoms as a tin-shaped black chair with a rotten smell, sharp pain in the abdomen, a high body temperature, accompanied by febrile convulsions or with suspicion of food poisoning.

Diet with diarrhea in adult

With the disorder of the chair, special attention is paid to nutrition issues, since the diet helps not only quickly restore lost trace elements, but also to normalize the work of the organs of the entire gastrointestinal tract.

Diet with diarrhea in adults should be based on the following rules:

• the diet should include a large amount of liquid;
• you can only use easily digestible and digestible products;
• power must be fractional: small portions (200-300 g) 5-6 times a day;
• "Heavy", the irritating wall of the intestine of food must be completely excluded from the power.

At the same time, with acute, pronounced form of diarrhea on the first day, any meal must be replaced by liquid. It is also necessary to drink after each case of diarrhea, in small sips in the amount of 1 cup.

During the day, the patient needs to drink about 2.5-3 liters of liquid.

Recommended products	Prohibited to use products
Efficiency products: cottage cheese, kefir, ryazhenka, yogurt, dairy serum, yogurt (without sweeteners, dyes and flavors).	Milk, sour cream, cream.
Porridge on water: rice, buckwheat, oat, bashing, millet, wheat.	Semolina.
Meat: Fish, boiled chicken, rabbit, boiled veal and beef.	Pork, game, smoked, dried semi-finished products, sausages, sausages, fatty sausages.
Flour products: black bread, crackers from white or black bread, crackers.	Fresh baking, cakes, cupcakes, sweet buns, sweets.
Boiled pasta, rice.	The first and second dishes, seasoned with spices, mustard, mayonnaise.
Vegetables: soups, broths from potatoes, zucchini, carrots, pumpkins, asparagus, tomatoes.	All legumes and peas.
Fruits and berries: Green apples, pears, dry blueberries, bananas.	Dried fruits: Raisin, Kuraga, prunes. As well as nuts, plums.

The daily menu must be balanced and contain a reduced amount of fats and carbohydrates. With a strong sense of hunger on the first day of the diarrhea, it is allowed to eat half a time and a few sugar. On the second day you can enter the rice porridge welded on the water. Be sure to closely look at the body's reaction on the injected products.

Medicinal preparations from diarrhea for adults

In modern medicine there is a wide range of choices of various drugs from diarrhea. The choice in favor of this or that means depends on the cause that caused the stool disorder. At the same time, for each type of diarrhea, a specialist may assign several groups of medicines.

Group of drugs	Characteristics	Representatives
	Preparations preventing the death of natural intestinal microflora. As a rule, they are prescribed for diarrhea caused by bacterial infections, as an addition to receiving intestinal antibiotics, inclined to adversely affect the useful microorganisms in the intestine. If probiotics were not accepted simultaneously with antibiotic therapy, then they are prescribed later, in large dosages to restore the life of beneficial intestinal bacteria.	Lisalak. Lactobacterin.
Tools for the normalization of intestinal microflora	A group of medication drugs that have a resistant anti-infection effect that restores beneficial bacteria in the intestinal microflora and at the same time destroying pathogenic microorganisms. Preparations have a moderate antimicrobial effect. They are prescribed for any kind of diarrhea, including when recurrence colitis.	Linex. Bifidumbacterin. Acilakt. Bifinorm. Colibacterin.
Intestinal antiseptics	Preparations that have a detrimental effect on pathogenic microorganisms. Prescribed in diarrhea caused by bacterial infections.	Adoride. MiroFuril.

1. If you get into the intestines of intestinal infections, vomiting and diarrhea occurs.
2. Disorder of digestion occurs after the use of low-quality products. The patient has weakness in the body and.
3. Infection with rotavirus infection leads to the appearance of a liquid chair.
4. In adult vomiting and diarrhea sometimes begins after infection with hepatitis. A characteristic feature of the disease is the appearance of jaundice. The patient appears dark urine and diarrhea of \u200b\u200blight color. The absence of pigment in feces is associated with insufficient bilirubin production.
5. Gastritis is accompanied by inflammation of the gastric mucosa, this may also be the cause of diarrhea.
6. The cause of diarrhea or constipation can be pancreatitis.
7. The use of poorly roasted meat or eggs is a greater danger to a person. Together with food in the body can penetrate Salmonella. The patient appears green diarrhea and vomiting.
8. Recognize Escherichiosis (if infection) can be used in yellow diarrhea, bits of vomiting and increase the temperature.
9. Attacks of indomitable vomiting may occur due to a large amount of acetone, which is contained in the patient's blood. It may be with severe diabetes mellitus.

What can help a patient suffering from indomitable vomiting and diarrhea?

After receiving the results of the survey, the doctor prescribes treatment. Help a person poisoned by poor-quality products can be using (,). To quickly get rid of toxins, you can use the stomach wash.

Infectious diarrhea and vomiting proceeds with high intensity. The patient loses not only liquid, but also minerals. During the day you need to drink at least 2 liters of water.

To combat dehydration, you can use ready-made or hydrolyt. They need to drink in small sips so as not to provoke the attacks of vomiting.

The cause of diarrhea may be an intestinal infection that leads to a rapid loss of forces. When identifying the causative agent of the disease, doctors recommend taking antibacterial drugs.

Patients with pancreatitis are lack of digestive enzymes. To facilitate the process of digestion, food must be taken. You can cope with nausea, if you take antiwest drugs (Cerukal, Motilium).

The following dishes are included in the menu:

What food can not eat with diarrhea and vomit

1. First of all, you will have to forget about fried meat and fish. The deterioration of the condition may occur after the use of marinades and smoked.
2. Raw fruits and vegetables contain a large number of plant fibers. It stimulates the intestinal work.
3. During diarch, it will have to abandon black bread.
4. The ban is confectionery in any form.
5. It is impossible to drink milk, since this product increases the speed of promotion of the roaming masses. Even after a few sips, a strong desire to empty the intestines may appear in the patient.
6. It is not easy to and fans of sharp dishes. Aromatic spices not only awaken appetite, but also stimulate the work of the intestine. The increase in the intestinal emptying will only worsen the patient's condition.
7. In carbonated drinks manufacturers add a large amount of sugar, which begins to wander in the intestine. An irritating effect on mucous membranes has a carbon dioxide, which will only strengthen the symptoms of the disease.