The adjective name is an independent part of speech, which means a sign of the subject, which is discussed in the proposal. The name adjective answers questions Whose? or What? For example: red (rose), huge (territory), iron (shovel), mint (car).
Adjective associated with the name nouns, and is consistent with it, that is, it changes in cases, clan and numbers. Examples: an interesting story (male genus), an interesting book (female genus). Interesting stories (multiple), an interesting story (the only number).
High-quality and relative adjectives
Adjectives are divided into two types: high-quality and relative adjectives. Qualitative adjectives always indicate the quality characteristics of the subject, as well as the sign that the item may have to a greater or lesser extent. Examples of high-quality adjectives: delicious, strong, beautiful, small, high. From such adjectives, we can create a comparison degree: more delicious, very beautiful, very small.
Relative adjectives indicate the relationship of one subject with another. Relative adjectives very often indicate the material from which the subject is manufactured. For example: Iron bed, porcelain dishes.
Relative adjectives indicate the state of the subject at a certain point in time. For example: Winter day, evening sun, morning charging. In this case, adjectives are formed on the basis of a noun: Morning - morning, winter - winter.
The category of relative adjectives also includes attracted adjectives. Such adjectives indicate the belonging of one subject to another person (or subject). For example: Sisterbrush, daddy car, Berlog Bear.
Full and brief adjectives
Qualitative adjectives are divided into such subspecies: full and brief adjectives. Examples of complete adjectives: Beautiful, kind, young. From such adjectives, we can create brief adjectives, reducing the word, from which it will not change its essence. Examples: Beautiful, kind, young.
Full adjectives In the sentence, as a rule, act as a definition. For example: a beautiful house stood on the edge of the forest thicket. Brief quality Adjectives in the sentence are usually a surehead. For example: breeze soul and fresh.
Relative adjectives are never brief.
It should be remembered that brief adjectives that belong to the male race, the foundation of which ends on a hissing letter, also written as well as nouns of male genus - without adding a soft sign at the end. For example: Thatch, good, fresh, hot.
Famous linguistic Yu.S. Stepanov believed that the difference qualityand relative values \u200b\u200bof adjectives It is one of the most difficult. This separation is carried out not even in all languages. In Russian, high school students learn to distinguish these discharge discharges.
As you probably remember, adjectives are answering questions what? What? What? what kind?
What? – Small courtyard, school teacher, bear claw.
What? – Wonderful weather, wooden bench, fox frills.
What? – Excellent mood, pearl necklace, horsepower.
What kind? – polite disciples, district competitions, hare ears.
Each row shows examples qualitative, relative and attractive adjectives. How to distinguish them? As it has already become clear, simply ask a question to the adjective - will not give the result, the discharge does not determine in this way.
Grammar will come to the rescue and semantics(meaning of the word). Consider each discharge of adjective names by value .
Quality adjectives
Already by name it is clear that these adjectives are denoted quality of the subject. What could it be for quality? Color(purple, burgundy, borders, crow), the form(rectangular, square), physical characteristics of living beings (fat, healthy, active), temporary and spatial signs (slow, deep), common qualities inherent in an animated subject ( angry, funny, happy) and etc.
Also most (but not all!) Qualitative adjectives have a number of grammatical signsFor which they are quite easy to distinguish from the rest of the adjectives. These signs do not have to be a whole set of each qualitative adjective,but if you discovered that at least some sign to this adjective is suitable, - before you the qualitative name is adjective. So:
1) Qualitative adjectives indicate such a sign that can appear to a greater or lesser extent. Hence - the ability to form comparison degrees.
Thin - thinner - the finest. Interesting - less interesting - the most interesting.
2) Form brief forms. Long - mines, small - chalk.
3) Combined S. adveria measures and degrees. Very beautiful, extremely entertaining, completely incomprehensible.
4) From high-quality adjectives can be formed naschaya -o (-e) and nouns with abstract suffixes content (up), -In-, -Ev-, -in-, - : Gorgeous - great, clear - clarity, blue - blue, blue - blue, thick - thickness, beautiful - beauty.
5) Can also be formed words with diminishing or magnifying suffixes: angry - evil, dirty - dirty, green - green, healthy - hefty.
6) Can have antonyms: large - small, white - black, sharp - stupid, stale - fresh.
As you can see, there are many signs, but it is absolutely necessary to use everyone. Remember that some qualitative adjectives no degrees of comparison, some do not form distracted nouns, some can not be combined with adverbs measures and degrees But they are suitable for other features.
For example, adjective bay. This adjective is not suitable for one grammatical criterion, but indicates color \u003d Quality of the Item- it means that quality.
Or adjective beautiful. Cannot say Very beautifulbut you can form adverb perfectly. Conclusion: Adjective quality.
Relative names of adjectives
Denote sign of attitude to the subject.What kind of relationships can there be signs? Materialfrom which the subject is made ( iron Nail - Nail from iron, Stone basement - Basement from stone, velvet dress - Velvet dress); place, time, space (today's scandal is a scandal that occurred today; Intercity bus - a bus between cities; Moscow region - region of Moscow); purpose(parental Assembly - Meeting for Parents, Children's Store - Shop for Children) and etc.
Signs of this 
and not temporary, and permanent, so all features inherent in high-quality adjectives are no relative.This means that they do not form degrees of comparisons(it is impossible to say that this house is wooden, and the more wooden), do not combine with adverbs of measures and degrees(Cannot say very golden bracelet) etc.
But the phrases with relative adjectives can convertreplacing adjective. For instance, A rural resident - a resident of the village, a dairy porridge - a porridge on milk, a plastic cube - a cube of plastic.
We hope that you have become clearer, how to distinguish high-quality and relative adjectives. And about the most attractive adjectives and talk about some traps in the next article.
Good luck to the Russian language!
Have questions? Do not know how the qualitative adjectives differ from relative?To get a tutor help - registerYou probably already remembered that the values \u200b\u200bof the adjectives are divided into quality(indicate the quality of the subject), relative(indicate a sign of the subject in relation to another subject) and pictures. We will talk about adjective adjective names in more detail.
These adjectives, unlike qualitative and relative, are not answered by what kind of question?, But on the question whose? They're called prettybecause their main purpose - point to belonging to face, animal or animate creature.Therefore, they are formed only from the names of animals, individuals and other animals. For instance, bariums, Lysis, Anin, Mint, Brigadiers, Grandfatheretc. By grammatical features, attractive adjectives closer to relativebecause they have no degrees of comparison (can not be this object is Momin, and even more mother), short forms they do not form short and disturbed nouns etc. However, they have their own signs: special suffixes and a special system of decline.
The adjective names are formed, as already mentioned above, from the names of animals, individuals and other animated creatures with suffixes -One (-Ev), -in (-yn), -y.
Fathers house, elders staff, Nianin's handkerchief, Sisitzn Agava, fox tail.
It should also be noted that these adjectives have zero ending. Try not to be confused, for example, adjectives blueand Wolf.
Blue - a qualitative adjective, non-derivative (not formed from anything), without suffixes, the ending -I'm.
Volley - Pretty adjective, derivative (formed from noun wolf With suffix -y. ), zero ending.
Similarly, such pairs of adjectives are considered as work and carpentry, redhead and bear, far and shark. Working, red and far have the ending -I and carpentry, bear and shark have zero ending and suffix -I Because they are attache and derivatives.
Therefore, it is worth being attentive with the analysis of adjectives in composition and take into account the discharge discharge by value.
Now go to K. trapsthat we prepare adjectives. Although there is a rather sharp boundary between the categories 
and grammatical and grammatical, and on lexical features, however, it happens that some of the attractive adjectives masked Under high-quality and even relative, and relative under quality. Generally, many adjectives want to go into the category of high-quality. How does this happen and how not to get confused when determining the discharge?
Remember that the discharge name of the adjective value can be defined only in the context, i.e. in phrase or in a sentence.
For instance, Cherry Compote - Compote Cherche. Making the transformation, we understand that we have the relative name of the aditnoye, because indicates what compote is made. But in phrases cherry suitadjective cherry no longer indicates that the costume is made of cherries, it means suit color, and color is a high-quality characteristic,i.e. in this context, the adjective becomes qualitative.
Take a few more examples.
Iron designer - iron designer ( relative adjective)
Iron will - Strong Will ( quality adjective)
Iron health - good health ( quality adjective)
Steel knife - steel knife ( relative adjective)
Dress of steel color (quality adjective)
Steel look - unfriendly, cold, hard ( qualityadjective)
Bear wool - Wool that belongs to the bear ( pretty adjective)
Bear fur coat at the hostess - Bear fur coat ( relative adjective)
Bear ghodka- clumsy, awkward, relaxed ( qualityadjective)
Fox fruit - Mord, which belongs to the fox ( pretty adjective)
Fox cap - Fox hat ( relative adjective)
Fox cunning- Very developed trick ( quality adjective)
So we see that The same adjective can acquire values \u200b\u200bof different discharges.. but grammatical characteristics remain unchanged: Neither attracted, nor relative adjectives will acquire degrees of comparison, brief forms and other distinctive features of high-quality adjectives.
Let's summarize.
To determine the discharge name of the adjective, you need:
1)
See the adjective in straight or portable value.If the portable value is qualitative adjective.
2) If the meaning is direct, set two questions: what? whose?If this adjective indicates belongingbefore us - pretty adjective.
3) Try to substitute instant measures and degrees (very)or to form comparison degrees. If it happened - adjective quality.
4) Try convert a combination With adjectives in the proposed-caselord. Happened - adjective relative.
And remember that the main thing is all the same lexical significance, not grammar.Grammar just helps us.
Good luck in learning the Russian language and excellent marks!
Have questions? Do not know about the attracted adjectives?To get a tutor help - register.High-quality and relative adjectives
§ 1295. Qualitative attractive objective properties inherent in the subject itself or open in it often - such that can be characterized by varying degrees of intensity: white-whore,nice-more beautiful,lasting-strong,stubborn-stubborn,good-it's better. The core of this discharge is the adjectives, the basis of which denotes the sign not through the relationship to the subject. It belongs here, calling such properties and qualities that are directly perceived by the senses: color, spatial, temporary, physical and other qualifying signs, characteristics of character and mental warehouse: red,blue,light coloured,bright;hot,loud,thick,fragrant,voiced,round,soft,cutting,sweet,warm,quiet,heavy;far,a long,long,short,small,close,narrow;barefoot,deaf,healthy,young,blind,old,fat,skinny,chile;proud,kind,greedy,evil,wise,bad,stingy,clever,cunning,good,brave,generous;important,harmful,suitable,necessary,useful,right.
High-quality adjectives have two rows of shapes - full (attribute) scratch (predicative): white,white,white,whiteand bel.,bela.,white,bella;dark,dark,dark,darkand temoken,dark,dark,dark;bitter,gorky,gorky,gorkyand gork,gorky,bitterly,gorky; They form forms compare. degree (compatible): important-more important,kind-dobre,sweet-swealth,smooth-string,thick-gusical. From qualities. adjectives maybe formal education on about, e.:hot-hot,far-long away,long-long,surplus-overish,wise-wisely,melodious-singela,brave-bravely. Most of the qualities. Adjectives are also characterized by a number of word-forming features: the ability to form other qualities. adjectives, calling shades and degree of quality ( whitish,great,hefty), and nouns calling distracted concepts ( depth,courage,emptiness) (See § 607). Qualities. Adjectives are replenished by communities in an adjective meaning. (See § 1579) and due to relative adjectives - subject to the acquisition of the last qualitative value (see § 1299-1301).
§ 1296. Relative attributes are attributed to the subject or to another feature: the motivating basis is indicated by the subject or a sign, through the relation to which this property is presented: wooden,steel,summer,bathing,yesterday's. The nature of the expressed relationship is very diverse: it can be the designation of a sign according to the material ( wooden,metal), according to the accessories (attracted adjectives: fathers,fish,sister,mental,my), by appointment ( children'sbook,schoolbenefits), according to its own ( autumnrain,eveningcool). Relates. Adjectives are called a sign that cannot manifest with varying degrees of intensity.
Relates. Adjectives constitute the main and continuously replenished mass of Russian adjectives (only groups of adjective ordinal and placed) are constant. Unlike qualities. Adjectives presented by both unmotivated and motivated words belongs. Adjectives are motivated by the words of other parts of speech: nouns ( iron,door,fathers,sister,lamp,komsomol,spring,upper); verbs ( tannic,swimming,dance,medical), numerical ( fourth,tenth,fortieth,two hundred) and adverias ( near,former,then,yesterday's,present). The exception is the ordinal adjectives first,secondand many locomotive adjectives (see § 1297), which are unmotivated words.
Ordinal plays. Adjectives, calling the sign through the attitude to the number (number, place in a series), in their meaning is similar to others. Adjective: They denote the attitude. The presents are adjective for their meaning: these are indicable words. Wosening and ordinal adjectives have a known similarity: ordinal arr. may indicate a place in a row (see § 1366); Thus, they behave like indicable words. The latter primarily applies to ad. first,second,the third. On the other hand, locomotive arr. tOT,this,other,othercan act in the function of ordinal adjectives. Such interchangeability of some ordinal and locomotive adjectives is observed when listed: andthat,andother,andthird;andthose,andothers,andthird.
Indexing functions are also characteristic of the requested adjective one-alone; Compare: aloneremained,and otherssendincinema;SpringfrostsensibleDried upandtremnedlesok..Still oNNand, othersday,ANDunderkorah.wake up juice(Tward.). Word onecan also be used in the meaning of an indefinite pronoun some:Whatproducedcorollarythis isarrival,readercandiscoverof oneconversation,which theoccurredbetween alonetwodamami(Gogol); Livedonearthinstainer alonepeople,impassablethe woodssurroundedfromthreepartytubesthesepeople,andfromfourthwassteppe(Gorky.).
§ 1297. Placement adit to six groups: 1) Holders (so called. Holding pronouns): a) Personal, pointing to belonging to the first person ( my,our), the second person ( your,your) or a third party (unclear adj. his,her,their); b) Returns pointing to belonging to any of three persons: its own; 2) Indicatives: tOT,this,such,painty(progress), takov,followingas well as words tOT that,such that, see the section "Word Education", § 1039; 3) Determined: any,in all,each,any,all,whole,other,other,self,most; 4) Questionally: what,which the,whose,what; 5) Uncertain: what that,some,some; 6) Negative: no,note.
Note. To the category of locomotive adjectives also include spaticrous words takovsky, iI, nasansky, valena. These words are reflected in the language of artistic literature.
All locomotive adjectives, except for postfix and prefixal (see § 1036-1039), as well as simple. takovsky,iI,nasansky,valenaare unmotivated words.
From all relates adjectives placed adjectives are distinguished by the nature of the lexical value; They indicate such signs that arise on the basis of the relationship of speaking faces, subjects and phenomena. So, words my,your,his,its ownindicate the spelling relationships installed by the speaker: (relative to me, to you, to yourself, etc.); the words this,suchon behalf of the speaker point to a sign ((one to which talking definitely indicates which he characterizes)); Similar words what that,some,some((The one that says indicates vaguely)). Promotional adjectives may indicate any sign; Their meaningful filling is determined in speech.
Plateless adjectives also have other features of lexical values \u200b\u200bcharacteristic of indicative words. So, words my,your,our,your,its ownmay have characteristic and personal pronouncing abstractly typifying values \u200b\u200b(see § 1277). For example, in the statements of a generalizing nature, in proverbs these adjectives denote the belonging to any generalized imaginable person: Myhatafromedge;Notyourssadnessstrangerschildrensway; Itsshirtnearertobody.
Index pronience suchand tOTin addition to the acting value itself ( Handfulearth,similaronother,how manyinherloveandsupersen!ABOUT suchandonskytoscut,ANDin suchbeforegravesbelieve. Erenb.) The value is enhanced. At the same time suchemphasizes the degree of manifestation of a sign (a), and tOTalso the carrier of the feature called noun (b): a) Rangmusicingarden Thus inexpressiblegorem(Ahm.); Herantinluchavotes|and« TaleViennathe woods», | andlasseBryanskforests, |ANDthan that thus vasilkovm., |whom|thousandsyears(No one.); b) Cranew.oldwell,OvernIM,asboiling,clouds,INfieldssqueezingvorotza,ANDsmellof bread,andyearning,AND those neuriki spaciouss,Whereevenvotewindweak(Ahm.); there isinLeningradhardeyesandtA,Forof the pastmysterious, nonotand, TOTbitterlycompressed rOt., those hoopsonheart,what,canbe,alonesavedhisfromof death(Erenb.).
§ 1298. The semantic border between high-quality and relative adjectives and is inconsistent: relates. Adjectives can develop quality values. In this case, the value of the subject rate in the adjective is combined with the meaning of the qualitative characteristics of this relationship. So, the word ironas relate. Adjective denotes (containing iron) or (made of iron) ( ironore,ironnail); This adjective has a row of portable, qualitative meanings: (strong, strong) ( ironhealth), (solid, adamant) ( ironwill,irondiscipline). Adjective childishas a relative means (belonging to children, intended for children) ( children'stoys,children'sbook,childishhouse); How qualities. Adjective this word gets a figurative value: (not peculiar to adult, immature) ( children'sreasoning,children'sbehavior). Similarly: goldcharacter,goldenrye,volleyhunger,caninecold,petushinazador;Usrequest[Door] MitrofanStepanovichZverev, highly homej.,inenterprise(M. Aliger); Soonsanatorium silencepublishersviolates tractor bolt bashmakovKhamlovsky(gas.).
§ 1299. The shade of high quality may be present in all. adjectives, but in varying degrees. To greater extent, the development of high-quality values \u200b\u200bis peculiar to the relative adjective and at least adjective attractive, ordinal and location.
Among the attractive adjectives, the ability to acquire qualitative value is primarily adjectives with suffix iY. Adjectives with this suffix have meanings. (Sophisticated (less often belonging) to someone who is called motivating word): fish,feline,canine,veal,human. In context, such adjectives easily acquire qualitative meanings. In combination fishtemperament,catgait,dogdevotion,calftendernessrelates. Adjectives act as high quality: Inotwant,toyoufoodalmightycompassionand doggyloyalty(KUPER.); ANDhackperthunder,perfourIlyaProphet,underjet-My calfwould bedelight, Calfb.tendernessyours(Pastern.).
Note. In cases where relative adjectives are motivated by the same substantive., But formed with different suffixes ( petiste and petushina, shepherd and pastoral, human and human), unpretentious adjectives are easier: petushina zador, shephealth idyll, human attitude.
Assessing adjective formed with the help of Suf. oV, iN., nin(fathers,grandfather,maternal,sister,bratn), the development of quality values \u200b\u200bis not peculiar. This is due, in returning, the fact that such adjectives denote a specific personality (see § 781, paragraph 1), to the fact that they are generally limited in use: the relationship of the belonging in modern language is more often indicated by the form of the genus. n. Sost ( fathershouse-housefather).
Note. Arr. damn Along with the attractive value, it is widely used to designate an expressive negative attitude to the subject item to be determined: chertova jewish; chertova abyss business; AND introduce t. noshu chertov I in second floor (Necr.).
Famous linguistic Yu.S. Stepanov believed that the difference qualityand relative values \u200b\u200bof adjectives It is one of the most difficult. This separation is carried out not even in all languages. In Russian, high school students learn to distinguish these discharge discharges.
As you probably remember, adjectives are answering questions what? What? What? what kind?
What? – Small courtyard, school teacher, bear claw.
What? – Wonderful weather, wooden bench, fox frills.
What? – Excellent mood, pearl necklace, horsepower.
What kind? – polite disciples, district competitions, hare ears.
Each row shows examples qualitative, relative and attractive adjectives. How to distinguish them? As it has already become clear, simply ask a question to the adjective - will not give the result, the discharge does not determine in this way.
Grammar will come to the rescue and semantics(meaning of the word). Consider each discharge of adjective names by value .
Quality adjectives
Already by name it is clear that these adjectives are denoted quality of the subject. What could it be for quality? Color(purple, burgundy, borders, crow), the form(rectangular, square), physical characteristics of living beings (fat, healthy, active), temporary and spatial signs (slow, deep), common qualities inherent in an animated subject ( angry, funny, happy) and etc.
Also most (but not all!) Qualitative adjectives have a number of grammatical signsFor which they are quite easy to distinguish from the rest of the adjectives. These signs do not have to be a whole set of each qualitative adjective,but if you discovered that at least some sign to this adjective is suitable, - before you the qualitative name is adjective. So:
1) Qualitative adjectives indicate such a sign that can appear to a greater or lesser extent. Hence - the ability to form comparison degrees.
Thin - thinner - the finest. Interesting - less interesting - the most interesting.
2) Form brief forms. Long - mines, small - chalk.
3) Combined S. adveria measures and degrees. Very beautiful, extremely entertaining, completely incomprehensible.
4) From high-quality adjectives can be formed naschaya -o (-e) and nouns with abstract suffixes content (up), -In-, -Ev-, -in-, - : Gorgeous - great, clear - clarity, blue - blue, blue - blue, thick - thickness, beautiful - beauty.
5) Can also be formed words with diminishing or magnifying suffixes: angry - evil, dirty - dirty, green - green, healthy - hefty.
6) Can have antonyms: large - small, white - black, sharp - stupid, stale - fresh.
As you can see, there are many signs, but it is absolutely necessary to use everyone. Remember that some qualitative adjectives no degrees of comparison, some do not form distracted nouns, some can not be combined with adverbs measures and degrees But they are suitable for other features.
For example, adjective bay. This adjective is not suitable for one grammatical criterion, but indicates color \u003d Quality of the Item- it means that quality.
Or adjective beautiful. Cannot say Very beautifulbut you can form adverb perfectly. Conclusion: Adjective quality.
Relative names of adjectives
Denote sign of attitude to the subject.What kind of relationships can there be signs? Materialfrom which the subject is made ( iron Nail - Nail from iron, Stone basement - Basement from stone, velvet dress - Velvet dress); place, time, space (today's scandal is a scandal that occurred today; Intercity bus - a bus between cities; Moscow region - region of Moscow); purpose(parental Assembly - Meeting for Parents, Children's Store - Shop for Children) and etc.
Signs of this 
and not temporary, and permanent, so all features inherent in high-quality adjectives are no relative.This means that they do not form degrees of comparisons(it is impossible to say that this house is wooden, and the more wooden), do not combine with adverbs of measures and degrees(Cannot say very golden bracelet) etc.
But the phrases with relative adjectives can convertreplacing adjective. For instance, A rural resident - a resident of the village, a dairy porridge - a porridge on milk, a plastic cube - a cube of plastic.
We hope that you have become clearer, how to distinguish high-quality and relative adjectives. And about the most attractive adjectives and talk about some traps in the next article.
Good luck to the Russian language!
Have questions? Do not know how the qualitative adjectives differ from relative?
To get a tutor help - register.
The first lesson is free!
the site, with full or partial copying of the material reference to the original source is required.
Famous linguistic Yu.S. Stepanov believed that the difference qualityand relative values \u200b\u200bof adjectives It is one of the most difficult. This separation is carried out not even in all languages. In Russian, high school students learn to distinguish these discharge discharges.
As you probably remember, adjectives are answering questions what? What? What? what kind?
What? – Small courtyard, school teacher, bear claw.
What? – Wonderful weather, wooden bench, fox frills.
What? – Excellent mood, pearl necklace, horsepower.
What kind? – polite disciples, district competitions, hare ears.
Each row shows examples qualitative, relative and attractive adjectives. How to distinguish them? As it has already become clear, simply ask a question to the adjective - will not give the result, the discharge does not determine in this way.
Grammar will come to the rescue and semantics(meaning of the word). Consider each discharge of adjective names by value .
Quality adjectives
Already by name it is clear that these adjectives are denoted quality of the subject. What could it be for quality? Color(purple, burgundy, borders, crow), the form(rectangular, square), physical characteristics of living beings (fat, healthy, active), temporary and spatial signs (slow, deep), common qualities inherent in an animated subject ( angry, funny, happy) and etc.
Also most (but not all!) Qualitative adjectives have a number of grammatical signsFor which they are quite easy to distinguish from the rest of the adjectives. These signs do not have to be a whole set of each qualitative adjective,but if you discovered that at least some sign to this adjective is suitable, - before you the qualitative name is adjective. So:
1) Qualitative adjectives indicate such a sign that can appear to a greater or lesser extent. Hence - the ability to form comparison degrees.
Thin - thinner - the finest. Interesting - less interesting - the most interesting.
2) Form brief forms. Long - mines, small - chalk.
3) Combined S. adveria measures and degrees. Very beautiful, extremely entertaining, completely incomprehensible.
4) From high-quality adjectives can be formed naschaya -o (-e) and nouns with abstract suffixes content (up), -In-, -Ev-, -in-, - : Gorgeous - great, clear - clarity, blue - blue, blue - blue, thick - thickness, beautiful - beauty.
5) Can also be formed words with diminishing or magnifying suffixes: angry - evil, dirty - dirty, green - green, healthy - hefty.
6) Can have antonyms: large - small, white - black, sharp - stupid, stale - fresh.
As you can see, there are many signs, but it is absolutely necessary to use everyone. Remember that some qualitative adjectives no degrees of comparison, some do not form distracted nouns, some can not be combined with adverbs measures and degrees But they are suitable for other features.
For example, adjective bay. This adjective is not suitable for one grammatical criterion, but indicates color \u003d Quality of the Item- it means that quality.
Or adjective beautiful. Cannot say Very beautifulbut you can form adverb perfectly. Conclusion: Adjective quality.
Relative names of adjectives
Denote sign of attitude to the subject.What kind of relationships can there be signs? Materialfrom which the subject is made ( iron Nail - Nail from iron, Stone basement - Basement from stone, velvet dress - Velvet dress); place, time, space (today's scandal is a scandal that occurred today; Intercity bus - a bus between cities; Moscow region - region of Moscow); purpose(parental Assembly - Meeting for Parents, Children's Store - Shop for Children) and etc.
Signs of this and not temporary, and permanent, so all features inherent in high-quality adjectives are no relative.This means that they do not form degrees of comparisons(it is impossible to say that this house is wooden, and the more wooden), do not combine with adverbs of measures and degrees(Cannot say very golden bracelet) etc.
But the phrases with relative adjectives can convertreplacing adjective. For instance, A rural resident - a resident of the village, a dairy porridge - a porridge on milk, a plastic cube - a cube of plastic.
We hope that you have become clearer, how to distinguish high-quality and relative adjectives. And about the most attractive adjectives and talk about some traps in the next article.
Good luck to the Russian language!
Have questions? Do not know how the qualitative adjectives differ from relative?
To get the help of a tutor -.
The first lesson is free!
blog.set, with full or partial copying of the material reference to the original source is required.
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