Neomycin, aerosol for outdoor use. How to use antibiotic neomycin in the treatment of diseases of various etiology neomycin instructions for the use of tablet

Billions of bacteria live in the human body, but not all of them have a positive effect on well-being.

Some microorganisms are causative agents dangerous not only to health, but sometimes for life.

Antibiotics are used to combat such diseases - drugs that suppress the growth of certain bacteria and cause their death.

Such medicines include neomycin with antibacterial and bactericidal effect. To buy this antibiotic in the pharmacy, a doctor's prescription is required.

pharmachologic effect

The medication has a bactericidal and antibacterial effect of a wide spectrum.

It is capable of penetrating through the cell membrane of bacteria, violate the formation of a complex of matrix and transport RNA, stop protein synthesis. Higher concentrations damage the cytoplasmic membranes of the microbial cell and lead to its death (bactericidal effect).

It is active in relation to some gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, including those like Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Salmonella SPP., Corynebacterium Diphtheriae, Staphylococcus SPP., Escherichia Coli, Shigella SPP., Bacillus Anthracis, Proteus SPP. The stability of bacteria to the medicine develops slowly. On pathogenic viruses, mushrooms, an anaerobic microflora does not affect.

When ingestion is absorbed bad, it has a local action on the intestine microflora. When applied to a large surface, damaged or covered with granulation tissue, the skin is quickly absorbed, but when applied to small areas of intact skin, system absorption is minimal. Cmax is achieved after 30-90 minutes. After oral administration. With plasma proteins neomycin binds to 10%. In the CNS, muscles, breast milk, bones, fatty tissue and bile penetrates badly.

Through the placental barrier passes. Metabolism is not exposed. Half-exploration time varies from 2 to 4 hours. Non-octic neomycin is excreted during defecation, and the kidney suiced. In case of renal function, the substance in serum can be accumulated. With intramuscular administration is absorbed completely and quickly.

Since, with oral administration, the substance is practically not absorbed, neomycin was used to treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (enteritis, dysentery, enterocolitis), in preparation for operations on the digestive tract (for partial intestinal retention).

It can be used for local treatment of ophthalmic diseases (including conjunctivitis). For this, the neomycin solution is buried in a conjunctival bag.

The substance suppresses the reabsorption of bile acids and cholesterol, does not have actions on the level of triglycerides, moderately reduces the LDL level (reduces hyperlipidemia).

Indications for use

Used to treat infectious-inflammatory skin diseases caused by sensitive microflora, incl. Contugatory impetigo, furunculez, infected eczema, pyodermia, infected wounds, infected ulcers, infected burns, edges of the second and first degree.

Mode of application

Neomycin in tablets take inside. A single dose for adults is 100-200 mg, and the daily - 0.4 g. Children of preschool and chest age give the drug twice a day of 4 mg / kg.

The duration of treatment varies from five to seven days. With preoperative preparation, neomycin is prescribed for one to two days.

As for ointment, it is used for outdoor use. It is applied one or three times a day on the affected areas of the skin.

For 0.5% ointment, the maximum one-time dose is 25-50 g, and for two percent ointments - from 5 to 10 grams; Daily - from 50 to 100 and from 10 to 20 grams, respectively.

If desired, after applying, the ointment may be applied gauze bandage.

Release form, composition

Neomycin is produced in the form of ointment for outdoor use and tablets.

The active component of the drug is neomycin substance.

Interaction with other medicines

Incompatible with Canamicin, gentamicin, streptomycin, monomicine, vyomycin and other nephrotoxic antibiotics. Sharing is fraught with the development of toxic complications.

Preparations that block neuromuscular transmission, as well as inherence and nephrotoxic drugs, including caproomycin, or other aminoglycosides, citrate preservatives, inhaled genuine anesthetics (including halogenated hydrocarbons), Polymixins, when overflowing a large amount of canned blood, increase the risk of nephro-, output toxic , Blockers of neuromuscular transmission.

During systemic absorption, the effect of fluorouracyl, phenoxymethylpenicillin, minodoxycholic acid, oral contraceptives, cordial, methotrexate glycosides, vitamins B12, and A, and also increase the effect of indirect anticoagulants, and, and, as well as increase the effect of indirect anticoagulants.

Side effects

Allergic reactions: Contact dermatitis (rash, swelling, itching, skin irritation, hyperemia), possibly systemic action when suction from large surfaces.

Systemic reactions

BCT organs	Vomiting, hyperbilirubinemia, nausea, stomatitis, increase in activity of liver transamamine, hypersalization.
Blood (hemostasis, blood formation), cardiovascular system	anemia, tachycardia, granulocyptopenia, thrombocytopenia, increase or decreased blood pressure, reticulocytopenia, leukopenia.
Sensivities, nervous system	neurotoxic effect (paresthesia, epileptic seizures, muscle twitching, feeling of numbness); Rarely - the pain head, the blockade is neuromuscular (weakness, difficulty breathing), the isotoxicity is a feeling of laying or noise in the ears, a decrease in hearing, labyrinth and vestibular disorders (dizziness, vomiting, gait and its instability, nausea), deafness irreversible.
Allergic reactions	Itching, angioedema swelling, rash skin, fever, eosinophilia.
GOOD SYSTEM	Thirst, nephrotoxicity is a decrease or an increase in urination frequency, polyuria or oliguria, an increase in the concentration of creatinine and urea in plasma, the appearance in the urine of the sediment, proteinuria.
Other	Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, the development of superinfection, hypocalcemia, a decrease in body weight, hypermarked, hyperthermia.

Overdose

It is characterized by a decrease in neuromuscular conductivity (respiratory stop). In adult patients, the symptom is eliminated by intravenous administration of anticholinesterase preparations (prozerne) and calcium preparations. The introduction of the prozerban is preceded by intravenous administration of atropine at a dose of 0.5 to 0.7 mg.

After a half or two minutes after the pulse frees, 1.5 mg of prozerne is intravenously. In the absence of the desired effect, the same dose of prozer is reused (if the patient appears bradycardia, an additional injection of atropine is made). As for children, they are injected with calcium drugs.

If there is an oppression of breathing (in severe cases) - IVL. The drug can be derived with peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis (more efficient).

Contraindications

Neomycin is not prescribed with hypersensitivity, including hypersensitivity to other aminoglycosides.

Restrictions on application

If there is a need to use on extensive areas of the skin (is possible with a renal function, especially in persons with impaired renal function, elderly patients and children) - Miastations, botulism, renal, breastfeeding, defeat VIII pair of nerves of cranknogo, Parkinsonism, dehydration, pregnancy.

During pregnancy

Application in pregnant women is allowed, but only on life indications. The drug during systemic absorption is capable of rendering nephrome and outotox effect on the fruit.

Information about whether the substance penetrates into breast milk is absent.

Terms and Storage Terms

At room temperature in dry places. Before use, the solutions of neomycin sulfate must be prepared.

Price

Approximate value of neomycin in Russia It is 300 rubles.

Located in Ukraine Pharmacies neomycin are not implemented.

Analogs

Neomycin substance is contained in the neomycin sulfate tablets. In addition, neomycin in combination with other active ingredients is in preparations: polyizinaks, Phalidex, PIMAFUCHT, FLUSCINAR N, TRAIAspat, Polyudxes with Phenylefrin, Anaran, Elezhina, Flukort H, Nehloan, Polizinaks Virgo, Banocin (Bacitracin and Neomycin), Deckon, Maxtrol, trophodermine, Betnovet.

Bactericidal antibiotic neomycin ® belonging to the second generation of aminoglycosides has a significant difference from the rest of the group. It is the only one used for reception inside in the form of tablets. At the same time, other dosage forms are also appointed for the treatment of surface infections, which is associated with the peculiarities of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Before applying the drug, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the list of readings, restrictions and other characteristics so that antibiotic therapy does not harm the body.

The characteristic feature of all aminoglycosides is high toxicity against hearing and kidney organs. It is determined by such an effect with the ability of antibiotics to accumulate in the renal cortical matter and fluid of the inner ear. And Neomycin ®, this action is expressed particularly strongly, which requires constant medical control over the state of the respective bodies and completely eliminates self-treatment.

Recipe neomycin ® in Latin

Looks like this:
RP: Neomycinum 0.1
D.T.D. Number 10.
S. intramuscularly twice a day.

Composition and antimicrobial activity

The active substance is a composition of several varieties of a given antibiotic neomycin (A, B and C), which are produced by the Streptomyces Fradiae actinomycete.

Antibiotics aminoglycosides - the second open group after Penicillins, which today has three generations of the ABP. The first of them was obtained back in 1944, and it was used then for therapy of any infections caused by susceptible pathogens. Such an approach provoked the growth of bacteria resistance to the drug and the need to search for more effective means. As a result, several more aminoglycosides were allocated, which are prescribed today only in difficult cases.

Netomycin ® Sulfate is active relative to Staphylococcus SPP., Pneumococci, Intestinal and diphtheria sticks, Salmonella SPP., Shigell, Bacillus Anthracis and Protea. Since the drug only acts in the presence of oxygen, then it is impractical about intracellular and anaerobic microorganisms. Pathogenic bacteria are destroyed due to the violation of the RNA structural bond and blocking protein synthesis.

Pharmacological group of neomycin ®

Aminoglycosides.

Neomicine release form ®

In pharmacology, it is used in the form of a chemical compound - sulfuric acid salts - neomycin sulfate. It is a powdery, well-soluble substantial substance of white. The following types of dosage forms are made of it:

• Tablets containing 0.1 or 0.25 g of antibiotic and additional forming ingredients.
• Spray designed for local outdoor use, which is a suspension with an antibiotic number of 11.72 mg per gram. Lecithin, sorbitan triogeate, propellant and isopropylmiristat are also included. Available in aerosol cylinders with a spray nozzle for 16 or 32 g.
• Neomycin ointment, also used externally, which contains 0.5 or 2% of the active component. A medical preparation is implemented in tubes with a volume of 15 and 30 grams.
• Powder neomycin sulfate for the preparation of an injection solution. Glass bottles with rubber lids contain 0.2 or 0.5 grams of antibiotic.

The active ingredient is used to produce some other dosage forms (for example, eye drops with dexamethasone or candles), but they are sold under other trade names. All these drugs are described in detail below in the relevant section.

Indications

A list of diseases that can be by therapy with this antimicrobial means is determined by the spectrum of activity and its dosage form.

For tablets

When internal use, the drug is not absorbed through the mucous membranes of the tract and, accordingly, it does not penetrate into the blood. This property allows it to use it for antibiotic therapy of surface infections of the digestive organs. But most often the tableted dosage form is prescribed for contamination (that is, sterilization) of the gastrointestinal tract before surgical intervention in the relevant area.

For aerosol and ointment

Local application is the main purpose of neomycin ®. When applied to intact epidermis, an antibacterial connection under the skin and in the bloodstream practically does not fall. But if the remedy is used to treat damaged areas, then absorption into blood is ensured and the subsequent system effect is ensured, which is important to consider.

Nomomycin ® sulfate is shown in the following infections caused by the receptacies susceptible to the medicine:

• burns and frostbite (1 and 2 degrees infected);
• ulceration with the formation of pus;
• furunculosis;
• eczema;
• pyodermia;
• impetigo.

For the treatment of abscesses and other purulent lesions without access of oxygen to them, the drug is not suitable.

For powder

Before intramuscular administration, the powdered agent is divorced directly in the bottle with sterile physical or novocaina according to the instructions. Prices are prescribed in the case of pneumonia, catarler infections of the upper respiratory tract, organs of the urogenital sphere, meningoencephalitis and some other diseases.

Dosage neomycin ®.

Neomycin ® ointment is applied to the affected areas with a thin layer twice a day. The aerosol is used from 1 to 3 times, while before each use, the cylinder is vigorously shake until the components are completely mixed. Sprayed on the skin from a distance of no more than 20 cm for three seconds. On average, the course of antibiotic therapy is a week or two.

Netomycin ® from the group of aminoglycoside antibiotics is onely applied orally. Most often, it is appointed at the stage of preoperative preparation (when surgery in the abdominal cavity is planned). The 1-2-day course helps to sterilize the intestine and reduce the risk of complications in the postoperative period.

Adults need to drink 0.1 grams of an antibiotic four times a day with the same interval. For children, a 4 mg formula for each kilogram of weight is provided, separated by 2 times.

Contraindications

For drugs of local action, the absolute contraindication is hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides and auxiliary ingredients of the drug. Those tools that act systemically are prohibited if there is a patient for renal failure, intestinal obstruction and diseases of the hearing organs. Neomycin ® during pregnancy can be used exclusively according to life indications, given the possible teratogenic effects (damage to the auditory nerves and the urinary fetal system). Breastfeeding must be temporarily suspended if this drug is appointed.

Side effect

Such negative reactions from digestive organs, like anorexia, nausea, vomit, diarrhea, may occur. If there is a hearing impairment (noise in the ears) or the excretory function of the kidneys, the medicine is canceled. Allergic reactions, photodermatosis, dysbacteriosis and candidiasis are also likely.

Neomycin ® during pregnancy and gv

Given the high toxicity of neomycine ®, the drug can only be used on life indications, in the absence of a safe alternative.

Breastfeeding at the time of treatment is temporarily stopped.

Compatibility of neomycin ® and alcohol

All aminoglycosides are categorically not compatible with alcoholic beverages. Alcohol leads to a significant increase in neomycine neomycin ®, and also increases the load on the liver.

Neomicine ® Analogs

Foreign and domestic manufacturers offer quite a lot of neomycin-based drugs. These include:

• Banocin ®. - Powder or ointment for the treatment of infected lesions of the epidermis and prevention of postoperative complications. It is produced in Switzerland Farmconberry Sandoz ®.
• - Ear drops containing, in addition to the antibiotic, Polymixin ® Sulphate and Lidocaine ®. Shown when Otitis, has an anti-inflammatory and painkillers. Released in Italy.
• Polizinaks ®. - Candles for local intravaginal use with neomycin ®, Polymixin in ® and Nistatan ®. The last component has a prophylactic effect on yeast-like fungi.
• - Another vaginal suppositories for therapy of vaginites and other infections, which, in addition to the antimicrobial agent, are included with antiform nastatin ® and antihistamine prednisolone. Like the previous preparation, produced in France.
• - Nasal spray with neomycin ® and phenylephrine ®. It affects the disease comprehensively, struggling with its cause and reducing the symptoms of the cold due to the vasoconstrictor effect.
• Neomycin with dexamethasone ® - Eye drops, often appointed by ophthalmologists in the case of conjunctivitis and other surface infections of organs of vision.

There are other drugs produced by pharmaceutical enterprises of different centers, which can be replaced with neomycin ®. But independently do this is categorically impossible, since all the specific features of drugs and the patient should be taken into account. In addition, only under medical institutions can be defined a specific causative agent of the disease and appoint adequate treatment.

Neomycin from the Latin word (Neomycinum) Group of aminoglycoside antibiotics. It is prescribed to patients during infectious diseases. It is synthesized by the fungus of the genus (Streptomyces Fradiae) and comprising in its composition neomycin of the group A, B, C.

Neomycin form release Preparation:

1. Tablets 0.25 gr
2. In the form of powder
3. Suspension, aerosol.
4. Outdoor ointment.

Indications

In the form of tablets, medicine is taken as a means against infectious damage to the body of the diseases of the digestive tract, stomach and intestines. The antibiotic copes C. diseases:

• Shigellions
• Typhoid fever
• Cholera
• Paratyphoid
• Salmonelles

Nautomycin tablets are also used as a means for premedication before operations on the gastrointestinal tract.

Antibacterial ointment and aerosol neomycin is used for outdoor Applications for burns, abrasions, dermatitis, swelling of the skin.

In the form of droplets, neomycin is assigned after operations in the eyes. In order to avoid infectious infection.

Instructions for use

The dose is selected for each patient individually. Consult with yours doctor.

Day dosage for children 12 years old is 1 gram. orally. Course treatment and dosage are appointed by a doctor. It is not more than 10 days.

Nomomycin Aerosol and ointment for external use are applied to the lesion focus, a thin layer. Apply 1-3 times a day.

pharmachologic effect

In the intestinal tract, the drug is practically not absorbed, which makes it possible to concentrate the effect of the drug on the bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract. After coming into contact with the bacterium, the antibiotic penetrates through the cell membrane, and affects the reproductive mechanism. This leads to a bacteriostatic effect. The drug is able to influence the bacteria of the streptococcal group, salmonella, staphylococcus.

It has weak adsorbing properties, when applying ointments, on skin without open Skin damage. But when applied to a large section of the skin, the ointment is well absorbed, and in the near-time antibiotic, penetrates inside reaching the circulatory system.

A small part that is absorbed and falls into the blood is 10% of the total volume of the accepted antibiotic. Output During the day, the semi-exploration gap is 4 hours. A small part that falls into the bloodstream is excreted by the kidney, the rest of the drug is displayed with the feces. In people who suffer to the renal failure of neomycin, it is capable of accumulating in the blood. Thanks to the fact that the drug is poorly absorbed in the intestine, and does not affect the body and other internal organs, it can be used as a means for premedication before the operation.

Neomycin does not act on the anaerobic forms of bacteria, as well as viruses or fungus.

Neomycin during pregnancy

Pregnancy is a contraindication to the use of the drug.

Despite the fact that neomycine is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, the part that falls into the blood is able to penetrate the walls of the placenta during pregnancy. There is a probability injury nervous bonds of the fetus. The appointment of the drug occurs when the benefit for the mother will significantly exceed the risks for the child. During breastfeeding, it is worth canceling the drug. Since the drug is able to stand out with breast milk.

Side effects and overdose

When using tablets, there is a risk to the occurrence of nausea, vomiting, raising the level of bilirubin.

Maybe, appearance anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia. In some cases, there is a decrease in hearing, breaching coordination, weight loss, a sense of weakness occurs. There are problems with difficulty breathing. There is the possibility of cramps in the limbs and muscles of the body.

During the use of neomycin ointments, allergic reactions can develop. It should also be noted the occurrence of itching, people using ointment, rash on the skin.

Overdose The drug affects neuromuscular communication. The feeling is dulled, the coordination of movement is disturbed, the breathing is worse. In such cases, it is necessary to introduce calcium preparations.

Contraindicated to prescribe a drug, children under 6 years old. In allergic reactions to active actants, the use of the drug is prohibited. Also prohibited the external application of ointment on wide areas of affected ulcers. It is prohibited to use people suffering from renal failure. It is worth using elderly with caution. People with Parkinson's disease. Patients suffering from botuli.

Neomicine Analogs

The drug on the situation can be replaced. other Medicinal preparations containing neomycin. It is contained in the following preparations: hexoral, nefluan, Angi Sept, laminaria. Before using analogues, consult your doctor.

Price

Available by recipe. Neomycin The price in the tablets will be 280-380 rubles 10GR Bank. The price of ointment neomycin is 300 rubles 20 grams of tube.

pharmachologic effect

Aminoglycosidal antibiotic. The synthesis of protein disrupts, suppressing the formation of a complex of transport and matrix RNA. At low concentrations, a bacteriostatic action (due to the violation of the synthesis of protein in microbial cells), in high concentrations - a bactericidal action (the cytoplasmic microbial cell membrane damages). Penetrates the microbial cell, it is associated with specific receptor proteins on the 30s ribosomes subunit. It disrupts the formation of a transport and matrix RNA complex (30s by the ribosome subunit) and stops protein synthesis.

Active in respect of a number of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic microorganisms: Staphylococcus SPP., Streptococcus SPP.; moderately active in relation to aerobic bacteria - Corynebacterium Diphtheriae, Listeria Monocytogenes; Enterobacteria - Escherichia Coli, Salmonella SPP., Shigella SPP., Proteus SPP., Enterobacter Aerogenes, Klebsiella Pneumonia, Vibrio Cholerae; Mycobacterium tuberculosis, haemophilus influenzae.

Does not operate on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, anaerobic bacteria.

The stability of microorganisms to neomycin is developing slowly and to a small extent.

The drug neomycin, aerosol for outdoor use, suppresses the development of bacterial flora in the foci of skin inflammation. It also has a drying and cooling effect.

Pharmacokinetics

Neomycin, used on the intact surface of the skin acts locally and is practically not absorbed into the blood. When applied on damaged skin neomycin can be absorbed into the blood and cause a systematic action.

Indications

- infectious-inflammatory diseases of the skin caused by neomycin-sensitive microorganisms (including furunculosis, contagious impetigo);

- infected burns and frostbite I and II degree.

Dosing mode

Externally. Before each use, the cylinder is energetically shaken several times. The affected areas are irrigated with an aerosol for 3 seconds, holding a bottle in a vertical position at a distance of about 15-20 cm from the skin surface.

The procedure is carried out 1-3 times / day after the same intervals. Typically, the drug is used for 7-10 days.

Side effect

Allergic reactions: Itching, rash, hyperemia, swelling. Prolonged use of neomycin may result in contact allergies.

With the exacerbation of the above or the appearance of other side effects not specified in the instructions, you must consult a doctor.

Contraindications for use

- increased sensitivity to neomycin or other components that are part of the drug;

- impaired skin integrity, extensive area of \u200b\u200blesion, mocking at the place of application, trophic ulcers;

- simultaneous use with other refinery and nephrotoxic drugs;

- childhood.

Application in pregnancy and breastfeeding

During pregnancy, the drug can be prescribed only in cases where the potential benefit for the mother exceeds the possible risk to the fetus.

If necessary, the use of the drug during lactation, breastfeeding should be stopped.

Application in children

Contraindicated children

Overdose

Symptoms: Itching, rash, hyperemia, swelling, nephrotoxicity, output.

Treatment: Termination of drug reception, fast elimination of the drug from the body, symptomatic therapy.

Medicinal interaction

In order to avoid possible drug interactions with neomycin, the use of other drugs is recommended only after coordination with the doctor.

The long-term use of the drug simultaneously with the Other and nephrotoxic drugs (including with gentamicin, etcrinic acid, chicken) can enhance neomycin toxicity.

Conditions of vacation from pharmacies

The drug is released by the prescription.

Terms and Storage Terms

The drug should be stored in an inaccessible place at a temperature not higher than 25 ° C. Shelf life - 2 years. Do not use the drug after the expiration date indicated on the package.

special instructions

It is necessary to avoid contact of the drug with mucous membranes and protect the eyes from the aerosol. In the case of drug in the eye or on the mucous membranes, rinse thoroughly with cool water.

Do not inhale sprayed preparation.

It is not recommended to apply the drug to a large surface of the skin, especially damaged, as well as under an occlusive bandage due to the possibility of absorption of the drug into the blood and the appearance of undesirable reactions characteristic of the systemic effect of neomycin (overoxy, nephrotoxicity). When the above undesirable phenomena appears, the drug must be canceled immediately.

In case of irritation of the skin at the place of the application, it is necessary to stop the use of the drug.

Prolonged use of the drug can lead to an increase in stable strains of bacteria and mushrooms.

The contents of the cylinder is under pressure. The balloon can not be hit, heated and open. An empty cylinder must be thrown away. The drug is easily flammable. Do not spray near open fire. Store away from open fire and acting heating devices.

Impact on the ability to driving vehicles and control mechanisms

The drug does not affect the ability to control vehicles and engage in other potentially hazardous activities requiring increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.