Metabolic acidosis: symptoms, causes, treatment. Acidosis - what it is: symptoms and treatment of acidosis can be caused

The date: 29.06.2020

Metabolic acidosis (MA) is a violation of the acid-alkaline blood balance, which is due to an excessive amount of acid substances or decrease the concentration of alkaline substances (mainly bicarbonate anions).

This diagnosis is made in the case when blood pH falls below 7.35. Acidosis can be aligned if the pH level does not fall below 6.8 (that is, the body regulates the balance and does not allow critical values), or ineffectable when blood pH falls below 6.8.

A properly balanced diet will help people avoid this disease. If you still have developed Ma, then use special nutrition and proven folk remedies to normalize the level of pH.

First, an important factor is nutrition. The risk of metabolic acidosis occurs when we eat too much animal protein. We also seek such products such as oil, cheese, sweets, alcohol, eggs and coffee. This food causes an increase in the level of fatty acids in the body, which must be neutralized. If for many years we eat such products, the body is becoming harder to cope with their neutralization.
Secondly, the person is harmful. It increases the level of adrenaline and cortisol - hormones reinforcing acid reactions.
The situation becomes even worse if you smoke cigarettes. Nicotine, among other things, stimulates the generation of gastrin - enzyme that produces gastric acid.
Well, finally, the guilt of Ma is low physical activity. With sports loads, the metabolism in muscle tissue flows with greater speed, and, therefore, fatty acids and other acidic compounds are better burning.

Symptoms

Metabolic acidosis gives symptoms from different systems, because with a violation of blood pH, the whole organism suffers. The patient can complain about:

breathing problems (rapid breathing, breathing Kussmouul);
increased fatigue, pain in the joints and muscles;
disturbances;
abnormal heart rhythm;
nausea and vomiting;
arterial pressure disorders (hypotension or hypertension).

Light forms MA may pass asymptomatic.

The effects of acidosis

What will happen if the metabolic acidosis is not treated?

Initially, to help the circulatory system, the bones will begin to release minerals. Acids will be neutralized, but we will pay for it ... the slow development of osteoporosis. The disorder will also affect the structure of cartilage and, therefore, the risk of developing osteoarthritis will increase. As a result, the increase in uric acid develops a gap - a disease that causes severe pain in the joints.

The result of latent acidosis is sometimes diabetes mellitus, hypertension, impaired kidney function and the development of kidney stones, violations in the functioning of the immune system.
Disorders of acid-alkaline equilibrium is often accompanied by a sense of hunger, fatigue, apathy, deterioration of the condition of the skin, increased hair loss, nail fragility, sweating. All this significantly worsens the quality of life.

Heavy cases develop heart failure, problems with breathing and shock. This can lead to a fatal outcome.

Treatment

If you find acidosis, immediately begin treatment. To do this, change the lifestyle and nutrition, as well as take advantage of the folk remedies that purify the body and grate it.

Diet and lifestyle

Here are some tips that will help to normalize the acid-alkaline balance in the blood.

If possible, refuse pork, eat low-fat oil.
Try to reduce sugar doses - oddly enough, this product is acidified by the body.
The food needs to be carefully chewed in the mouth - so it is well treated with saliva, which has many alkali in its composition.
Eat vegetables and fruits every day, because they possess the sheltering properties.
Avoid excessive consumption of alcohol and coffee.
Throw smoking and avoid those places where they smoke.
Make sure you get a sufficient portion of moderate motor activity. For the body, it is better to walk for a long time than to run a short distance - so muscles burn more acidic fats.
Try to fight stress, use relaxation methods, rest outdoors.
Drink 2 liters of non-carbonated mineral water per day. It is better that it is water with low sodium content.

Already these several ordinary tips will have a significant impact on your health.

Soda

It is known that soda is alkali, which means that it removes extra acid from the body. But it is necessary to take it carefully, so as not to harm the stomach and intestines.

So, if you have metabolic acidosis discovered, then every night before bed we advise you to cook such a drink: Heat 200 ml of milk almost to a boil, remove the foam, add the soda on the tip of the knife and the teaspoon of the honey. Drink small sips and go to bed. The course of treatment is 2-4 months.

Gravilate urban

This plant also grabs the body and helps the tissues to bring acidic compounds faster.
Recipe: a tablespoon of crushed roots of gravilate urban negotiated in 300 ml of water (boiling under the lid for about 10 minutes). The lesion and cooled drink drink three times a day per 100 ml half an hour before meals.

If you do not want to cook the drug, you can simply erase into the roots of the gravilate's roots and take half a teaspoon three times a day, drinking water or biting honey.

Artichoke sowing

To establish blood pH will help artichoke sowing. This plant can be equipped in a fresh form by adding to salads. But if such dishes do not taste such dishes, use one of the following recipes.

Fresh juice: Fresh leaves and artichoke heads. Immediately after receiving the juice, take it inside, because after half an hour most of the beneficial substances will destroy. The dosage is 1-2 tablespoons three times a day before meals. For children, the dosage decreases by 2-3 times.
Canned juice: to make juice for the winter, mix it with the same amount of medical glycerin and store in the refrigerator. Take 2-3 tablespoons before meals.
Infusion: Take 2 teaspoons of dry leaf of artichoke, brew in glass of boiling water and leave for 10 minutes. Dosage - 100 ml three times a day before meals. Children drink 50 ml of drink. The course of treatment is from 2 to 6 months.
Tincture: Fill 100 g of dried artichoke leaves by half-length alcohol with a fortress of 70%, close tightly and leave in a cool place for 1 week. Dosage - 1 tablespoon before each meal intake. Artichoke tincture will remove all the acid that you get while eating.

Quince

Patients with a diagnosis of metabolic acidosis is useful to accept decoction from quince seeds. To make it cooking to boil a glass of water, throw a teaspoon of dry seeds, cover with a lid, reduce the fire and tomit the means in heat for 20 minutes. Next, cool the broth and take 50-100 ml 2-3 times a day (for children the dosage decreases).

There is another great recipe based on this plant. Grind 50 g of seeds in a coffee grinder, mix with 250 g of Money and 50 ml of chamomile oil, put the mixture into the glass container and store in the refrigerator. Take it twice a day on an empty stomach.

You can prepare the syrup from quince fruit - it will also help with your problem. To do this, fresh fruits cut into pieces, add water and boil to softening. Then skip the mixture over the gauze, the resulting juice is to delicate. Take a teaspoon in the morning after awakening and in the evening before bedtime.

Apricot

Apricot helps to output and oxidize organic acids, so be sure to include this product in your treatment plan.

In the season of ripening fruits, use fresh apricot. For this day you need to eat at least 10 fruits. But for the winter, reserve the apricot bones. They are eaten without peel, in no compressed form. Dosage - 5 stuff per day. The core of the bones must be thoroughly chewed.

Apricot emulsion helps well. To do this, grind in the core powder and add the same amount of fused butter. Eat the teaspoon three times a day, the course of treatment is 2 months.

Apple vinegar

Many think that vinegar oxidizes the body. In fact, it is not. Natural apple cider vinegar helps to remove toxins and restore acid-alkaline balance. Therefore, once a day, take a drink consisting of a tablespoon of apple vinegar and 200 ml of water. You can add honey to it and grated ginger - so the tool will become even more useful for the body.

Drink from lime

Citrus, oddly enough, also remove excess acid from the body. This is especially true of Lyme. Replace the usual water with a drink, which consists of a teaspoon of Lyme juice, a glass of mineral non-carbonated water and chopping cinnamon. After a few days, you will notice a significant improvement in well-being.

Gerana Roberta

Gerana Robert is another plants, which is recommended for metabolic acidosis, especially if the disease is caused by hepatic or renal failure. Prepare from her infusions or decoctions.

Recipe Dose: 2 Tablespoons of Gerani Robert Put in the thermos, add a liter of boiling water, close and leave all night to brew. In the morning, strain. Drink on a glass 4-5 times a day in breaks between meals.

Raparase recipe: in the morning boost 60 ml of water, throw a tablespoon of dry grass of Gerani Robert and boil on a small fire for 20 minutes, after which the drug can be strain. Take a glass three times a day in breaks between food.

Recipe "For Lazy": Grind a dry plant into powder and mix with the same amount of honey. Take half a teaspoon of a mixture in the morning and in the evening, drinking warm water.

Treatment of juice

Metabolic acidosis is successfully treated with juices. We recommend daily taking fresh juices of carrots, parsley or celery root, onion, onion, broccoli, beets, potatoes, zucchini, white and red cabbage, radish, collar or cauliflower.

We also give you the recipes of juice mixtures that will put the work of the body. Here is the first recipe:

1 orange;
2 carrots;
1 apple;
2 cloves of garlic;
half beets with leaves;
foundation Cress Salad.

Grind everything in the juicer and drink in the morning at breakfast. This recipe can be alternate with another mix:

10 asparagus;
broccoli handful;
half cup fresh spinach;
a piece of ginger root 1 cm;
half a teaspoon with ground cinnamon;
chipping of Cayenne pepper.

Prepare smoothie and drink it in front of breakfast.

Well, at the end another great recipe:

2 celery stem;
1/8 of the white cabbage head;
handful of spinach leaves;
quarter cup of purified pumpkin seeds;
1 teaspoon of dry leaves ginkgo biloba shredded to powder.

Taking such juices, you will always be healthy and vigorous.

Acid-alkaline equilibrium in a healthy body is maintained at a constant level, blood has a weak alkaline reaction. Upon rejection of it towards the acidification, metabolic acidosis develops, alkalosis - alkalosis. The violation of the balance in the acidic side is more common, the doctors of all specializations face with it.

Adosis itself never arises, it always develops as a consequence of any violation or illness. The causes of acidosis are many: from diabetes to overdose ascorbins. In all cases, the processes in the body are similar: biochemical reactions slow down, the protein structure changes its structure. This state is very dangerous, up to the failure of organs and death.

Metabolic acidosis - what is it?

Proteins are present in each cell of our body. They are also in hormones, and in enzymes, and in the immune system. Amphoterne proteins, that is, they have properties of both acids and bases. They are performed in a rather narrow range pH: 7,37 — 7,43 . With any deviation from it, proteins irrevocably change its structure. As a result, enzymes lose activity, ion channels are destroyed, cell membranes cease to carry out their functions, refuse receptors, the transmission of nerve pulses is disturbed.

From such serious consequences, the body protects itself by independently using a buffer system of several levels. The main one is bicarbonate. In the blood, the salts of coal acid are constantly present, bicarbonates, which, with an increase in the blood of the acid, they immediately neutralize it. As a result of the reaction, coalic acid is formed, which decomposes on carbon dioxide and water.

The concentration of blood bicarbonates is maintained by the kidneys, there is a return process: the extra hydrogen ions are derived from the urine, and the bicarbonate returns to the blood.

If the acids in increased quantities come from outside or are formed in the body, acidosis develops. It is characterized by a drop of pH to 7.35 and below. The reason for the displacement of the acid-base equilibrium can be enhanced in the body of carbon dioxide, disorders in the kidneys with the cessation of work on the restoration of the bicarbonate reserve, excessive reasons for the bases through the gastrointestinal tract. Could cause acidification and distorted metabolic processes, in which case metabolic acidosis occurs.

Causes and factors of development

For the treatment of acidosis, not enough bicarbonates into the bloodstream. Moreover, in some cases, their introduction can be dangerous. To eliminate acidosis, it is necessary to understand, under the influence of which factors he began to develop.

Possible causes of metabolic acidosis:

Insulina lack or strong. Because of this fabric, nutrition does not receive and are forced to use fats that are split to the formation of acids.
Enhanced formation of lactic acid in diseases of the liver, insulin deficiency with diabetes, lack of oxygen in tissues due to diseases of vessels, lungs, hearts.
Excessive alcohol consumption accompanied by vomiting and subsequent hungry period.
Long fasting or strong excess fats in food.
Inxication of the body when used: ethylene glycol - alcohol, antifreeze component; Salicylic acid is greater than 1.75 g per kg of weight; methanol.
Poisoning of toluene pairs, which is contained in paints, varnish, glue, solvent.
Reducing the functions of the kidney glomers due to nephropathy, pyelonephritis, nephrosclerosis, treatment with some drugs: anti-inflammatory funds; amphotericin - antifungal drug; Tetracycline - antibiotic; drugs lithium - psychotropics; acetazolamide (diakarb); Spironolactone (Veroshpiron) - diuretic.
Losses of bicarbonates from the gastrointestinal tract due to diarrhea, outdoor fistulas.
Overdose of metformin - the drug appointed with an insulin-dependent type of diabetes. Reception of metformin patients with disturbed work of the liver or kidney.
Insufficient working of aldosterone or deoxycorterone adrenal cortex.
Excess potassium in violation of its kidney removal.
The introduction of acids in parenteral nutrition or ammonium chloride to remove swelling.
Massive tissue necrosis due to long-term compression, burn, myopathy, and gangrenous changes in diabetes mellitus.

Types of disease

Depending on the cause of accumulation of acids in the blood, acidosis is divided into types:

Type of acidosis	Violation	Causes
	Due to the lack of glucose, the body is forced to satisfy its needs due to the splitting of fatty acids. The process is accompanied by the enhanced formation of ketok acids.	Sugar diabetes: - Insufficient dose of insulin or spoiled drug, - strong insulin resistance due to a long lack of compensation. Long starvation, alcoholism.
	An increase in the concentration of dairy and pyruogradic acids. Their formation is enhanced with a lack of oxygen.	Easy shape - after load on the muscles, especially in incredible people. Heavy - for the diseases of the liver, which normally purifies blood from acids. It may be observed in diseases leading to oxygen starvation: heart, pulmonary, vascular, with a lack of hemoglobin. The probability of lactoacidosis increases the uncontrolled method of metformin in diabetes.
Kneaking canaly	Acids are not formed. Acidity increases due to lack of bicarbonates. Proximal acidosis is a violation of the return of bicarbonates into blood. Distal - insufficient reduction of hydrogen ions.	Proximal acidosis - nephrotic syndrome, hepatic veins thrombosis, myeloma, cysts, long-term reception of diuretics, flawlock of aldosterone. Distal acidosis - pyelonephritis, nephropathy, taking medicines that can affect urine filtration rate in gloms.
Acidosis with intoxication	The acidification of decomposition products of substances, for example, oxalic acid when eating ethylene glycol or formic acid during methanol poisoning.	Non-compliance with safety equipment when working with poisonous substances, consumption of surrogate alcoholic beverages, an overdose of drugs.

The combined form of acidosis is also found, especially in patients with chronic metabolic disorders. For example, the risk of acidosis due to high sugar during diabetes significantly increases alcohol consumption and.

According to the degree of compensation, acidosis is divided into 3 forms:

compensated acidosis: Symptoms are rarely observed, acidity is close to the lower boundary of the norm, the state is stable. Special treatment is not required, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the cause of violation;
subcompensated acidosis: border state, observation is required;
decompensated form of metabolic acidosis - PH blood is reduced to life-threatening values \u200b\u200bor continues to decrease. Urgent hospitalization is required, the correction of acidity with special solutions, in some cases resuscitation measures. Without treatment, decompensated acidosis can cause someone and lead to the death of the patient.

Criteria for determining the degree of metabolic acidosis:

Symptoms and signs

From the point of view of pathophysiology, acidosis is a typical process accompanied by common symptoms. Compensated acidosis can be recognized only by changing the composition of blood and urine. Symptoms in the patient at this point are completely dependent on the disease that caused acidity displacement.

As the state exacerbates, the first general feature appears for all types of acidosis - reinforced, frequent breathing. It is explained by the increase in the content of carbon dioxide in the blood during the operation of the body buffer systems. When oxygen fasting tissues begins, shortness of breath occurs, breathing acquires a pathological form - becomes noisy, the pauses between the breaths are shortened, and then disappear.

With metabolic acidosis, there is a sharp emission of adrenaline and its predecessors, so the work of the heart is accelerated, because of what the pulse is rapidly, the blood release increases per unit of time, the pressure is growing. Gradually, cell membrane proteins lose some of the functions, hydrogen ions are part of the cells, and potassium leaves them. Calcium leaves, hypercalcemia appears in the bloodstream. Due to the excess of blood electrolytes, the symptoms change to the opposite: pressure drops, arrhythmia occurs. Such signs indicate that acidosis moved to a heavy stage.

Among often emerging symptoms can also be distinguished vomiting and diarrhea. They are caused by intoxication by ketones taken from outside substances or an increase in the tone of nerves, which leads to increased operation of the digestive glands and spasms.

Symptoms and the CNS are observed: the patient is immersed in a broken, sleepy condition, feels lethargy. Apathia can alternate with irritability and anger. At the increase in acidosis, the patient loses consciousness.

Signs characteristic of individual types of metabolic acidosis:

for ketoacidosis typical of the smell of acetone from the skin and from the mouth in the patient, severe abdominal pain, the tension of the abdominal wall. In diabetes mellitus, ketoacidosis begins only at a high level of sugar, which is accompanied by thirst, and dry mucous membranes;
the initial features of acidosis caused by the reception of drugs include a decrease in their effectiveness;
when metabolic acidosis is accompanied by severe intoxication, uncharacteristic breathing may be observed in the patient - superficial, neulty;
if the acidosis is caused by kidney disease, especially renal failure, there are often signs of hypocalcemia: heart fibrillation, muscle cramps. The patient's breathing may have a smell of ammonia;
the increase in the formation of lactic acid with lactoacidosis is manifested by pain in the muscles that are amplifying during the load on them. If the cause of lactoacidosis was the problem with the lungs, the skin of the patient first sends, gradually blues and is covered later.

Acidose diagnosis

The diagnosis of acidosis is carried out in two stages. The first is determined whether the displacement of blood acidity and its type is available. The second reveals the reason caused by metabolic acidosis.

Acid-alkaline state, or pH of blood, oxygen content and carbon dioxide can be determined in laboratory conditions using a gas analyzer. Blood fence is made from radial artery, sometimes from the capillaries on the finger. The analysis takes no more than 15 minutes.

To determine the type of acidosis in most cases, sufficient studies on the level of glucose and lactate in the blood, ketone bodies in the urine:

Diagnosis		Results of analyzes, mmol / l
		Blood glucose	Ketone bodies	Blood lactate
Norm		4,1-5,9	do not detect	0,5-2,2
Ketoacidosis	with noncompensated diabetes	>11	>1	norm
	nediabietic	norm or a little higher
Lactoacidosis		norm	norm	> 2,2

At the treatment stage, it is necessary to eliminate the violation that caused acidosis. To identify it, many studies can be carried out, depending on the disease diagnosed previously in patient and the clinical picture.

The main ones are common and various biochemical blood tests, a common urine analysis.

Possible deviations:

Protein, kidney epithelium cells, cylinders in the urine, the growth of creatinine blood indicate the problems with the kidneys.
Sugar in the urine testifies to its high level in its blood, most often due to diabetes or acute stage of pancreatitis.
The growth of blood leukocytes suggests that acidosis arose due to inflammation and disorders of one of the internal organs. Neutrophils are increased in a bacterial infection, lymphocytes - with viral.
An increase in bilirubin concentration or a decrease in blood proteins is observed in hepatic insufficiency, cirrhosis.

According to the results of the tests, ultrasound, computer or magnetic resonance tomography can be appointed. The volume of research is determined by the doctor, taking into account the intended cause of metabolic acidosis.

Methods of treatment

The first thing to do with the appearance of the above symptoms is to cause ambulance, as the metabolic acidosis is inefficient and deadly and deadly. Often, the recommended treatment of soda is absolutely useless. Sodium carbonate when inserted into the stomach will be completely neutralized with gastric juice, it will not be able to get a gram in the blood, therefore, its pH will remain unchanged.

In the hospital for the treatment of acidosis, first of all, they try to eliminate the cause, which caused it. Diabetes reduce blood sugar with intravenous insulin administration. In the case of undiabetic ketoacidosis, parenteral nutrition or dropper with glucose may be required. Dehydration eliminate with the help of volumetric injection of saline. If, when returning potassium into cells, its lack of blood occurs, potassium chloride is introduced. In renal failure and poisoning, the blood is cleaned with hemodialysis.

Intravenous administration of alkaline solutions are used as a last resort, as they can coagulate breathing, reduce pressure, worsen the effect of insulin, alkalosis may occur during overdose. Most often use sodium bicarbonate and thrometamol.

Sodium bicarbonate is used in severe metabolic acidosis, when the pH is reduced to 7.1, and low pressure in the patient. It can also be used in loss of carbonates through the digestive and overdose of drugs. The required amount is calculated by the formula. The solution is introduced slowly, under constant control of blood composition.

Thrometamol is able to associate a greater number of hydrogen ions, and not only in the blood, but also inside the cells. This drug is used in cases where long-term acidosis can be dangerous for the heart of the patient. The prerequisite for the introduction of thrometamol is the normal work of the kidneys.

If the treatment was carried out in a timely manner and managed to avoid complications, the acidosis is eliminated in the first day, and after a week the patient will be discharged.

Acidosis is the condition of the body, which comes due to certain etiological factors, is characterized by a disorder of the acid-alkaline balance. Such a violation may arise both in adults and in children. Metabolic acidosis, as well as other forms of this pathological process, can lead not only to complications, but also to death. Therefore, self-proof is unacceptable - you need to seek medical care.

Light forms of such a pathological process may be asymptomatic: in some cases the patient may be disturbed by non-losing attacks of nausea, weakness and dizziness. In general, acidosis does not have specific symptoms that would allow accurately identify such a violation without diagnosis.

For diagnostics use laboratory and instrumental methods of the patient survey. The treatment will be aimed at eliminating the root cause, and the acidosis itself is borne by symptomatic therapy. Acidosis in children is treated in the same way as in adults - in both cases is mandatory hospitalization.

It is inappropriate to talk about some unequivocal forecast in this case, since the outcome of therapy will depend on many factors, including: the root cause of the development of such a state, general clinical indicators of the patient, age, personal and family history (in some cases).

Etiology

The disorder of the acid-alkaline balance may be a consequence of a large number of diseases. It is not excluded in this case and acute, long-term, with frequent relapses of infectious or inflammatory diseases. In some pathological processes, decompensated can lead to a fatal outcome.

The causes of metabolic acidosis are as follows:

fasting, compliance with nothing justified, from a medical point of view, diet;
poisoning of low-quality food, toxic substances, poisons and other chemicals;
organism;
violation of metabolic processes in the body against the background of some systemic or chronic diseases (diabetes, chronic blood circulation failure);
disorders in the work of the gastrointestinal tract.

The reasons for respiratory acidosis are as follows:

oxygen starvation;
lack of glucose in the blood;
heavy infectious or inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory system.

In addition, a number of etiological factors are distinguished, which are characteristic of all types of acidosis:

malignant education;
pregnancy;
smoking, too much of consumed alcoholic beverages;
loss of bicarbonate kidneys;
using some drugs.

In some cases, it is not possible to determine the nature of this syndrome. In this case, they speak about the idiopathic form of this violation.

Classification

Due to the fact that the violation of this nature may be a consequence of a fairly large number of diseases, the classification is also quite extensive.

If we consider the factor of origin, then such types of acidosis are distinguished as:

respiratory acidosis (respiratory acidosis) - In this case, the pathological condition is developing due to the fact that the person is inhaling a large amount of carbon dioxide;
non-irregular - due to the abrasiveness of non-volatile acids and other compounds;
mixed type - combines clinical paintings and etiology of the two forms described above.

In turn, the unepiratory form is divided into the following subspecies:

excitatory acidosis;
acute metabolic acidosis;
exogenous.

In terms of pH, three forms of this pathological process are distinguished:

compensated acidosis;
decompensated acidosis;
subcompensated.

The most severe stage is decompensated, as there is a high risk of developing not only complications, but also fatal outcome.

Also consider the classification of violations on the causal factor:

gas acidosis;
negazic acidosis;
diabetic acidosis;
milk acidosis ();
hyperchloremic acidosis;
acidosis of blood;
channelish acidosis;
tubular acidosis;
shark acid acidosis (scar acidosis).

By the nature of the flow, this violation may be sharp or chronic. However, it should be noted that the chronic form is quite rare, since the absence of a sharp form therapy can lead to the patient's death.

Blood condition for acidosis

Symptomatics

The light shape of this violation can proceed asymptomatic or in latent form. Since compensated metabolic acidosis symptom has a non-specific nature, it is important to properly differentiate it relative to other pathological processes.

The initial stage of this violation is characterized as follows:

overall malaise and weakness, which is quite often charged with fatigue;
short-term nausea;
vomiting, which does not always bring relief.

Further development of such a disease will be characterized by a more severe clinical picture.

The symptoms of metabolic acidosis are as follows:

pronounced nausea with multiple vomiting;
pallor skin;
increased sweating;
dizziness, confusion;
disruption of the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

The kidney tubular acidosis and the renal tubular acidosis is characterized by such a clinical picture:

initial stage of asymptomatic;
as the patient deteriorates, muscle weakness appears, hypoxicia;
symptomatics of acute renal failure.

Common symptoms that take place almost with any form of this violation include:

heart palpitations;
inhibition;
violation of coordination of movements;
visual and auditory hallucinations;
increase the frequency and depth of breath;
dyspnea;
an increase in blood pressure;
stupidity;
loss of consciousness.

Often, such a state leads to the fact that a person falls into someone. In addition, the acidosis during starvation can lead to cachexia, resulting in a fatal outcome.

Diagnostics

Due to the fact that the clinical picture of this impairment is nonspecific, to determine the severity and form, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive diagnosis, the nature of which will be determined individually.

The following laboratory tests are carried out:

if acidosis is suspected when - blood test for sugar;
deployed biochemical blood test and general clinical;
serological blood test;
determining the level of pH;
blood test for the sugar composition;
analysis for the presence of serum electrolytes.

These studies make it possible not only to diagnose acidosis, but also to determine its type.

According to the results of diagnostic research, the doctor can determine the tactics of therapeutic measures.

Treatment

The treatment of acidosis is carried out symptomatically - use methods to relieve the pathological process. In general, therapy will be aimed at eliminating the root cause. Hospitalization, if it is not a light shape required.

The correction of metabolic acidosis, as well as any other form, is based on the following events:

trigger's elimination;
normalization of hemodynamics;
elimination of hypoproteinemia;
stabilization of electrolyte metabolism;
improving pulmonary ventilation;
normalization of oxidative processes.

Use such drugs like:

Insulin;
Vitamin C;
Riboxin;
Thiamine;
Pyridoxine;
glucose.

In case of poisoning, drugs are prescribed, which are removed from the body toxins, and carry out a stuffing therapy. Also the patient is prescribed abundant drinking, in some cases mineral waters whose composition is selected individually.

A diet can be assigned - a specific dietary table doctor defines individually, but there are general recommendations:

the patient's nutrition should be light, but at the same time moderately nutritious;
drink food is impossible;
for the period of treatment, it should be abandoned from oily, salted, with marinades and sauces, with a large number of seasonings;
optimal culinary processing - boiling, quenching, pair, baking, but without fat and roasted crust;
meal must be frequent, but with small portions, it is recommended to observe the time interval of 2.5-3 hours.

In some cases, the patient in the first day may be prescribed therapeutic starvation or the introduction of nutrients through droppers. It is important to observe the optimal drinking mode: you can use purified water, fastening tea, compote, morse, mineral waters. The latter must be coordinated with the attending physician.

Possible complications

The absence of timely therapy may lead to the following complications:

peripheral;
dehydration;
violation of the functioning of the brain, CNS.

Therefore, it is very important in such cases to refer to the doctor, and not to carry out the treatment yourself or to ignore the problem at all. Forecast if the state is stabilized on time, relatively positive.

At the same time, it should be understood that the outcome of such a pathological process and the effectiveness of treatment depends largely on what caused the appearance of a symptom. Therefore, it is impossible to unequivocally talk about the negative or positive outcome of treatment. In addition, the age of the patient, general indicators of its health, the timeliness of the beginning of therapeutic measures is taken into account.

Prevention

proper nutrition - in this case, the balanced diet is meant, timely use of food, the elimination of the habit of drinking food with drinks;
refusal from too much alcoholic beverages, you should quit smoking if such a habit takes place;
it is necessary on time and correct to treat all diseases, since any pathological process can lead to serious complications;
it is necessary to strengthen the immune system, which will help to avoid frequent cases of incidence of infectious and inflammatory pathologies;
eliminate nervous experiences, abstract from negative moral impact;
monitor your weight;
consume a sufficient amount of fluid per day (liquid dishes and alcohol not counting);
use vitamin and mineral complexes.

During pregnancy, it is possible to exclude such a state if you recommend the recommendations of doctors and lead a healthy lifestyle. In addition, the prophylactic medical examination will systematically undergo it, especially if there are diseases in a personal history that are included in the etiological list.

Is everything correctly in the article from a medical point of view?

Answer only if you have confirmed medical knowledge

One of the most significant human health indicators can be considered acid-alkaline balance. It is quite normal that, when functioning in the body, a plurality of acids are formed, which are practically immediately immediately derived from then, urine or through the lungs. If this balance is disrupted, acidosis may occur - this phenomenon that is characterized by the accumulation of acids in the tissues of organs, which are destroyed because of this. In many cases, this condition arises due to lack of minerals. The acidosis is the displacement of the acid-alkaline balance towards reducing the pH hydrogen and increasing the acidity of its medium.

Acidosis and alkalosis

Most of all diseases that develop in the human body can be very strongly influenced by the equilibrium of acids and the inner medium. Because of this, such a state may be observed as acidosis - acidification or alkalosis - latching. If there is a compensated form of acidosis and alkalosis, the absolute amount of coalic acid changes, but the quantitative relationship is normal. The problems of decompensated species become the reason that the changes are shifted towards the acids or towards the bases.

Causes of acidosis

It is important to understand that acidosis is not a disease, but only the condition of the body, which is a consequence of the impaired acid-alkaline balance. This is due to the incomplete removal and oxidation of organic acids. Usually, with the normal functioning of the body, these substances are displayed in a short time. Only in certain diseases and states of the body, this is slow. The main states in which acidosis can develop is:

respiratory failure for pneumonia, pathology of extended aerial spaces of distal bronchiole (lung emphysema), rare surface breathing (hypoventilation);
with malignant tumors;
with diet and excessive hunger strikes;
with regular alcohol consumption;
with a reduced level of glucose in the blood (hypoglycemia);
with renal failure;
in smokers with experience;
in poisoning, the absence of appetite, with problems with the gastrointestinal tract;
during pregnancy;
with a lack of fluid in the body (dehydration);
poisoning chemical hazards can cause acidosis;
in heart failure, heart attack, anemia, shock state (i.e., during oxygen starvation);
loss by kidneys of acidic salts of coalic acid;
the use of special medicines (salicylates, calcium chloride, etc.) may be the cause of acidosis;
the states of the body that cause impaired metabolism: diabetes, insufficiency of blood flow, fever.

Varieties

To date, the following types of acidosis are known:

non-irregular, which is characterized by an excessive amount of non-volatile acids;
respiratory or gas, which arises due to air from entering the body when inhaling with a large concentration of carbon dioxide;
mixed, which arises as a result of several reasons.

Substitution of the non-irregular or negative

Exogenous - acid balance increases due to a large number of substances in the organism, which in metabolism are converted into acid.
Selective - arises due to impaired removal of non-volatile acids (characteristic of people with renal failure).
Acute metabolic acidosis is the most severe type of pathology for which the accumulation of endogenic acids is characterized due to the poor destruction or binding. It can also be classified for:

Acidosis lactic acid - arises due to excess in the organism of lactic acid.
Hyperchloremic - develops due to the increased amount of chlorine in blood plasma.
Diabetic - acidosis in diabetes mellitus, as a complication of this disease, is a sign of the content of a large number of acetone bodies in the blood, as well as excess glucose in blood serum.

Hydrogen Classification

The hydrogen indicator plays a large role in the body. Its norm ranges from 7.25 to 7.44. If this indicator exceeds or vice versa drops, the protein loses its natural properties, the enzymes begin to function worse and cell destruction occurs. These processes can cause the body's destruction. By the level of hydrogen indicator pH, the described state is divided into:

compensated - the hydrogen blood purity shifts towards the lower norm - 7.35 (in most cases, not accompanied by special symptoms);
subcompensated - acid indicator increases, pH reaches a mark of 7.29-7.35 (shortness of breath, diarrhea, arrhythmia, vomiting may occur from symptoms;
decompensated - pH level drops below 7.29, while there are problems with the organs of the digestive system, heart and brain.

Clinical picture

To date, obvious signs of acidosis in humans, who would distinguish it from other diseases, are not known. Usually, with a violation in a light form, it is difficult to immediately understand that the body has problems with the displacement of the balance. So only a professional doctor can reveal the accurate diagnosis. The main symptoms of acidosis is:

nausea and short, short-term vomiting;
fainting, loss of consciousness;
general weakness, lethargy, fatigue;
dizziness;
impaired heartbeat, frequency of heart cuts, broken pulse;
increased blood pressure;
dyspnea;
feeling of stupidity, embossing in the ears;
drowsiness;
inhibited reaction, stupor;
shock, unfortunate anxiety;
increase the depth and frequency of breathing.

Disease in children

Basically, acidosis disease in children occurs due to increased burning of fats due to the lack of carbohydrates. The reason may be the presence of diabetes or incorrect, unbalanced nutrition. Also, acidosis in children can be a consequence of renal failure, diarrhea, impaired suction function in the intestines, with Addison's disease. Clinical picture with children's acidosis as follows:

lack of appetite;
overall malaise, lethargy, fatigue, capriciousness;
the oppressed state of the central nervous system;
the ability of reactions, stupor;
breathing;
disorders of the stomach;
skin marble, pallor;
dehydration of the body due to diarrhea and vomiting;
increasing body temperature;
in diabetes, the characteristic smell of rot from the mouth arises;
headaches.

At first suspicions, it is necessary to diagnose acidosis in clinical conditions.

Diagnostic events

If you notice any of the above-described symptoms, which may indicate a disturbed acid-alkaline balance, immediately visit the doctor. Only he can diagnose the disease or pathology and write competent treatment. To form a diagnosis, such analyzes for acidosis can be appointed:

blood test from the artery on serum electrolytes;
urine analysis to pH level;
analysis of arterial blood, which is gained from the radial artery on the wrist, on the gas composition.

Basically, all blood tests are recorded not only the very fact of the presence in the body of the acidosis, but also its type: respiratory, metabolic, etc. In most cases, to determine the cause of pathology, the doctor may assign additional diagnostics. For example, ultrasound research and urine analysis.

Therapy

Since the acidosis arises due to the impaired functioning of the systems and organs of the body, the course of treatment is based on the therapy of the disease or disruption, which led to the displacement of the acid-alkaline balance. Any type of acidosis can significantly weaken the organism, so at the very first suspicion of this pathology, hurry to visit the specialist. Typically, the treatment of complex forms of acidosis includes such items:

improved lung ventilation;
reducing the amount of protein in blood plasma;
amplification of the buffer bicarbonate system;
restoration of blood microcirculation, reduction of its volume;
normalization of oxidation processes using the introduction of glucose, ascorbic acid, "riboxin", "pyridoxine", "thiamine", "insulin";
elimination of the cause of pathology;
normalization of electrolyte metabolism;
improving blood flow in the kidneys.

To eliminate symptoms, the treatment of acidosis implies the following actions: reception inside a certain amount of soda (sodium bicarbonate); reinforced drink; Elimination of additional symptoms, such as arrhythmia, nausea, lethargy. If the poisoning is revealed, drugs are discharged to remove toxic substances from the body, in particularly severe situations it is necessary to clean the body. If the acidosis has not switched to an acute form, it is worth reduced by the consumption of protein-nature products. From medications, the calcium carbonate is excellent.

To get rid of metabolic acidosis, discharged glutamine and nicotine acid, as well as cocarboxylase. Acidosis forms must be treated with rehydration salt. While the disturbed acid-alkaline balance is taken "dichlorocetate", which activates enzymes. In addition to medicines, the patient should be balanced and deleted from the diet of alcoholic beverages and coffee.

On a note! During the treatment of acidosis symptoms, the ratio of acids and alkalis should be monitored. For this, an ionogram is done constantly during therapy.

Correct meals

To avoid the occurrence of acidosis, it is worth thinking about proper nutrition. The cause of the impaired acid-alkaline balance is most often the so-called one-sided meal, in which some kind of product type prevails in the diet: meat, products from dough, confectionery. However, only a diet with asidosis is an insufficient solution. Doctors also recommend playing sports, lead an active lifestyle. The fact is that moderate physical activity contributes to excellent ventilation of the lungs, which is why the body is supplied with a large volume of oxygen. All this favors acid metabolism.

To get rid of acidosis and restore acid-alkaline balance, it is recommended to regularly use a lot of liquid, mineral water without gas and add such products to its menu;

not too fat meat;
porridge, in particular oatmeal and buckwheat;
green tea, herbal champs and infusions;
fresh vegetables, fruits and berries;
whole grain products and solid cereals;
decoration from rice.

During the treatment period of this violation, it is not necessary to "indulge" by the bypass broths, borsch with sour cabbage and sorrel, sharp sauces, marinades and snacks. Reduce the number of fast carbohydrates in its diet, since during their assimilation a large amount of acids are formed. The products that are worth forget about the time are:

potatoes;
confectionery and bakery products;
pasta;
fat animal origin;
drinks with gas;
sausage products, sausages and sausages;
alcoholic and alcoholic beverages;
coffee and black tea;
crackers and chips.

Preventive actions

In order not to face the problem of the impaired acid-alkaline balance, and therefore, to avoid the consequences and symptoms of acidosis, it is necessary to adhere to a number of rules. First of all, it is recommended that it is recommended correctly and balanced, to take care of the quality of products consumed, more in the fresh air, to engage in active sports, and should also be abandoned with detrimental habits, in particular, from abuse of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes. Also as the prevention of acidosis doctors provide such recommendations:

pay attention to any metabolic disorders in order to take therapeutic measures to prevent further consequences;
food should consist mainly of raw products of plant origin;
exercise more sports, actively move, because it contributes to improved blood supply to all organs and normalizes the operation of the respiratory system;
drink more fluid, but do not forget about clean water, the amount of it should be approximately 2 liters;
in a short time to remove the unpleasant symptoms of poisoning, you can drink a soda solution;
follow the quality of drinking water and the degree of saturation with its minerals and useful substances.

As it turned out, acidosis is not a serious illness or dangerous pathology, it is just a temporary state of the body, so it is not necessary to panic. But the clinical picture of the impaired acid-alkaline balance is extremely unpleasant, so when discomfort should not be allowed everything to samonek. Do not self-medicate, immediately contact your doctor. Only a specialist can make the correct diagnosis, identify the type of acidosis and appoint competent and effective treatment in accordance with this.

Complications and forecast

Acidosis is an obvious symptom that in the human body there is a violation of metabolism. The main reason can be very serious.

Therefore, if you do not eliminate the basic cause of the appearance of acidosis, then there is a risk that the amount of organic origin acids in the blood will constantly increase. This will lead to rapid exhaustion of compensatory mechanisms. In particularly severe cases, such a phenomenon may end for a person a long coma.

If you encountered such a problem as acidosis, then you should not panic. It is important to undergo a survey from specialists and establish the true cause of the development of such a state of the body. After that, it will be possible to start treating. If you correctly choose therapy, the acidosis is eliminated fairly quickly without any dangerous consequences for the human body.

Take care of your nutrition, lead a healthy and active lifestyle. In this case, the probability of encouraging the problem of acidosis and the impaired acid-alkaline balance is incredibly small. In addition, the metabolism will always be normal, which will be extremely positive on the state of man and his health. Despite the fact that it is not a completely serious violation in the work of the body, it is not necessary to treat him frivolous. In some cases, the effects of acidosis can be quite serious if this pathology develops with other diseases. Do not allow disorders in the metabolism, however, if it happened, you need to seek as soon as possible for helping to the doctor for clinical examination in order to accurately and correctly formulate the diagnosis.