Infectious allergies, causes, symptoms, treatment. Infectious diseases - the cause of viral allergy Allergy to bacteria

Portocaval Bypass Syndrome

Mesenchymal inflammatory syndrome

Activation and proliferation of lymphoid and reticulohistiocytic cells, increased fibrogenesis, the formation of active septa with hepatocyte necrosis, intrahepatic migration of leukocytes, vasculitis are observed.

It is characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia, an increase in protein-sedimentary samples, an increase in ESR, and the appearance in the blood of degradation products of connective tissue (C-reactive protein, seromucoid, etc.). Changes in the indicators of cellular and humoral immune reactions are observed: antibodies to subcellular fractions of the hepatocyte, rheumatoid factor, antimitochondrial and antinuclear antibodies, changes in the number and functional activity of T and B lymphocytes, as well as an increase in the level of immunoglobulins appear.

It is diagnosed during thymol, sublimate samples, determination of gamma globulin and serum immunoglobulins.

It occurs with the development of anastomoses in the liver. Part of the blood from the portal vein passes into the central bloodstream past the liver, as a result of which high levels of ammonia and noticeable fluctuations in glucose levels are observed in the blood.

A bacterial allergy is revealed from the name - when sensitized by the action of bacterial principles, they used to be called tuberculin-type allergies. This name came from the first observations. If you inject subcutaneously tuberculin - this is a filtrate of tuberculosis bacilli, a sensitized body can respond at the injection site with a hypersensitivity reaction. A papule, a blister is formed, cells rush into it, first of all monocytes, which stay there for up to 24 hours, then the observation was increased to 48 hours as the most reliable, perhaps they tried to detect a non-specific reaction of the body to an injection. After 48 hours, there is already reason to talk about inflammatory infiltrate, as a sensitization of the body as a re-exposure of the antigen to the body, since the infiltration of tuberculosis bacilli appears to be nothing more than an antigen. Consequently, from this idea of \u200b\u200btuberculin allergy we switched to the concept of bacterial allergy, with scarlet fever, with typhoid fever - a rash - inflammatory foci. Inflammatory foci are also formed in the internal organs, for example, in the case of the abdominal type, the small intestine is affected in the area of \u200b\u200bpeyer's plaques, inflammatory foci appear, mainly lymphocytic and monocytic infiltrates, hydration occurs, then inflammation develops with the participation of non-specific mediators. It was established that a bacterial allergy manifests itself if the doctor sees allergic rashes on the skin, the rash as well as inflammatory foci can ulcerate, undergo necobiotic processes, i.e. the process of destruction is under the influence of allergy mediators. The problem of treatment is not simple. The focus of inflammation itself can occur both on the skin and in any organ. Bacterial allergy as an allergy corresponding to an allergy of hypersensitivity to common processes and is more often associated with infection processes. Bacterial allergies not only of the tuberculin type, but also any inflammation, experts attribute to the manifestation of allergies. At the site of contact, an inflammatory process occurs when in contact with an antigeg and heavy metals (chrome). Workers had rashes. In contact with antibiotics of the time (penicillin was very allergic). Many nurses quit their job because they developed a rash on the cancers by contact transmission. They could not inject because the barrier (skin) was damaged. The skin, with severe allergies, was removed like gloves. It developed as a result of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction due to the active activity of T-cytotoxic lymphocytes, which indiscriminately affected healthy cells and affected by allergens. Further it became clear that contact allergy is a reaction of skin proteins (rich in lysine, cysteine) and they were associated with haptens \u003d hapten + protein complex \u003d complete antigen (CD8). They find contact not only with proteins but also with polysaccharides. Food allergens are possible. Cosmetics (SMS containing chlorine), find amino acids (lysine) and sensitize them. Finally, chlorine-free detergents are not more beneficial. Nitrates find cysteine. All chemicals find their amino acid. Subjected to 20% of an allergic reaction. Therefore, for most, it’s good. The great importance of haptens.

Allergy

GPT - the main phenomenon of fever or shock

HRT - it takes several hours to develop (tuberculin type)

There are differences. Increased sensitivity of the immediate type — no allergy develops cell-mediated (via antibody) without the participation of immunocompetent cells. The focus is on the speed of development.

It is classified:

• Reagin-type allergy
• Toxic type cyto
• Free immunocomplexes

Reagin-type allergy. Reagin antibodies, immunoglobulins E, atopic diseases and anaphylactic manifestations. It belongs to the third stage of the development of allergies (pathophysiological). Features of the pathoimmune stage: Any allergy develops with the participation of an allergen (soluble (for rapid penetration) and poorly soluble) The allergen reacts with a monocyte (immobile macrophage) or others, but the primary cell with incomplete phagocytosis exits and reacts with a B-lymphocyte, sensitizing it, binds participation of T-lymphocyte helper 2. In the delayed type, helper 1 is involved. Helper 2 promotes sensitization by secreting interlikin 4 - determines the ability to respond with increased sensitivity. Interlikin 1 is a constant mediator between the primary and secondary cell. Among the sensitized lymphocyte population there are cells capable of synthesizing immunoglobulins (mainly class E). Immunoglobulins are fixed on the membranes of all cells, becoming a receptor for antigens (from nerve cells to skin cells). When an allergen re-interacts, memory cells undergo blastotransformation, multiply and turn into plasma cells or antibody-forming. One plasma cell forms from 1000 to 1500 antibodies, which are fixed on any cell. Most often these are skin cells, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and all others. Such a complex chain forms the “new receptors” of the cell. The synthesis of immunoglobulins is maintained throughout life, because protein is not durable. Immunoglobulins G, which protect against infection, are vaccinated. They are capable of sensitizing the body and, unlike immunoglobulins E, they circulate in the body, and their allergic danger is detected. They may accidentally occur with allergens 2. Immunoglobulin E is fixed, and immunoglobulin G is circulating. This is the peculiarity of the pathoimmune stage.

The latent period is the first. All events occur on the second hit. Mast cells very readily fix immunoglobulins E. When fixing, there is a change in metabolism. Cell dystrophy is caused. There is an emission of allergy mediators: histamine, heparin, serotonin. Histamine is an expanding microvasculature, the formation of pain, itching (allergic itching), the reduction of smooth muscles of the intestine. Through histamine receptors, changes occur as with inflammation, only different starting stimuli Inflammatory mediators are mediators of an immediate allergy. Kinins, especially bradykinin, are mediators of an immediate allergy type (reminiscent of histamine). Kinin as a plasma factor in combination with a plasma coagulation factor (XII) is able to participate in microthrombosis (increased fibrinolysis). May lead to the development of vasculitis. Inflammation mediators bind it to allergies. Neutrophil and eosinophil cells easily fix immunoglobulins E on their membranes. Eosinophils produce toxic proteins that come out of them and affect everything around them. All cells that are damaged as a result of the formation of the At + allergen complex no longer disassemble their own and others, enhancing the process of dystrophy. A large group of mediators in the form of lymphokines. Lymphotoxin activates proliferation in cells, since they dominate the focus of allergies. Mediator-monokin (interlikin1, prostaglandins, pyrogenes, slow-reacting substance) is a powerful allergy product. Slowly reacting substance is formed from unsaturated higher fatty acids and, in particular, belongs to the class of leukosanoids. Leukotrienes decrypts MPC. Causes a slow contraction of smooth muscles. With bronchospasm, they interfere with the action of histamine drugs. There are other mediators, they are being studied. All irritable and destructive phenomena are attributed to the pathophysiological stage. Immediate-type allergies are classified into reagin, cytotoxic, immune-free complexes. All allergic processes that occur with the participation of immunoglobulins E are called reagent allergies.

Apotic diseases are strange diseases. Hay fever, allergic rhinitis on pollen of plants. Allergic bronchitis, inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi or atopic bronchial asthma. Urticaria is infectious or non-infectious. When stinging nettles, the body becomes covered with blisters. Dermographism (with a test for sensitization) pressure strongly on the skin of the back with mechanical (pressure or cold) with Quincke's edema. Infantile eczema or atopic dermatitis - for food allergens (up to 3 years), the formation of vesicles and their opening (as a result of combing). Then it disappears or is replaced by air (3-7 years). Children's eczema returns after (40 years) - a reaction to chronic cholecystitis, medications. Anaphylaxis belongs to the same class, develops very quickly in a few minutes, more often on parainteral administration, shoulder bites. Immunoglobulins G are involved. The compliment system is actively involved in the development of anaphylactic shock. Antifilatoxin is represented by a compliment system. Action due to its enzymes. Cytotoxic class. They include the formation of pathological immune complexes Ar + At + complement system \u003d cytolysins on the cell membrane. Hemopathy When fixed on cells, it causes their destruction (erythrocytes, leukocytes, etc.). Reactions can occur in the digestive, respiratory system, etc. Food allergens, pharmacological (a lot of drugs), are immunocomplex type. A pathological immune complex is formed in the blood. Where they stop is unknown, as a rule they stop in all tissues. An example is serum sickness (after administration of tetanus toxoid) - laryngeal edema, urticaria, myocardial edema, joint pain, an increase in their volume (usually there is no complement in the complex) stop in the microvasculature, causing vasculitis. Vasculitis does not necessarily cause serum sickness. Serum sickness helped to decipher the mechanism of vasculitis. There is a distinction between HRT and GNT. But, mixed allergies are possible - autoallergy. In response to antigens of their own tissues. Allergens are formed in the body itself. All internal allergens are divided into primary or secondary. Natural. When normal tissue components are perceived as a foreign substance. This happens as a result of the fact that highly molecular proteins (organs protected by a barrier) do not have tolerance receptors (histocompatibility) with the immune system. In TBI, with damage to protective structures, proteins exit the isolation. Allergic and inflammatory processes are formed. Another mechanism for the development of autoimmune diseases. Special lymphocytes that break down contacts between these organs. Perhaps they disappear (fulfilled their function in early embryogenesis) or express themselves. A mutation of lymphocytes is possible, as a result of which they lose the quality of histocompatibility. Causes of mutation: defect of T-suppressors, their insufficiency or transformation into aggressive ones. Autoallergy triggers the reaction mechanisms of HRT and GNT, which is especially noticeable in rheumatism and other nervous diseases

Patients with atopic dermatitis have an increased risk of infectious skin complications. It has been established that various pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses) can act both as a cause of sensitization of the body and as a trigger that causes exacerbation of already existing atopic dermatitis.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is found in 90% of patients with atopic dermatitis, while in healthy individuals it is sown only in 5% of cases. Colonization and skin infection of S. aureus are one of the common causes of exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. At the same time, acute exudative skin lesions may contain over 10 million S. aureus per square meter. see, its level is also increased in areas of normal skin in the nose.

aureus secretes superantigens on the skin surface - enterotoxin A and B, or toxic shock syndrome toxin. Perhaps this is due to the increased production of their adhesins and a decrease in the expression of antimicrobial peptides. Staphylococcus was isolated in 64.2% of children with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis. The highest level of bacterial colonization was observed in the group of children with proven allergic sensitization (71% compared to 49% in the group of children with a non-allergic form of atopic dermatitis).

The appearance of clinical signs of atopic dermatitis after the application of staphylococcal exotoxin on the intact skin of a healthy person is confirmed. Specific IgE antibodies to staphylococcal toxins are found in the skin in 75% of patients with atopic dermatitis; The relationship between the level of IgE to superantigens and the severity of atopic dermatitis was also revealed. Superantigens activate a large number of T cells and thereby contribute to the massive secretion of cytokines, in particular IL-1, TNFa and IL-12 in epidermal macrophages or Langerhans cells. In addition, local production of these cytokines enhances CLA expression on T cells and activates homing of T cells in inflamed skin. In other words, bacterial exotoxins (which by their nature are proteins and therefore can act as allergens themselves) in combination with ordinary allergens worsen the eczematous process in the skin, inducing a T-cell response, enhancing and supporting chronic skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis.

It is also suggested that bacterial superantigens play a role in the formation of resistance and worsening response to the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Glucocorticoid resistance develops as a result of increased expression of the type b glucocorticoid receptor, which acts as a potent inhibitor of corticosteroids.

Another explanation for the inefficiency of even highly active topical steroids is the effect of staphylococcal antigens on skin inflammation without the participation of superantigens. So, in a recently published study, it was shown that in 30-50% of patients with atopic dermatitis two cationic staphylococcal proteins - NP- and p70, released from the patient’s peripheral mononuclear blood cells, activate Th2 cells and increase the secretion of cytokines.

Recently, much attention has been paid to the deficiency in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis of antimicrobial peptides - one of the components of innate immunity that protects the skin from bacteria, viruses and fungi. In general, the mechanism of skin colonization by staphylococcus is not clear. Recently, it has been shown that staphylococci express receptors on their surface that recognize various extracellular proteins. As potential ligands that bind to these receptors, fibronectin and fibrinogen are considered, the production of which, possibly, is promoted by IL-4. It was shown that intradermal testing with allergens from S. aureus and Candida albicans is not predictive in children with atopic dermatitis under the age of 9 years.

Due to the fact that S. aureus is the dominant microorganism detected in atopic dermatitis, it would be logical to expect a therapeutic effect from antibiotic therapy. Since some researchers find a correlation between the level of staphylococcus skin colonization and the severity of the disease, this explains the improvement in skin manifestations in patients with a poorly controlled course of atopic dermatitis after antistaphylococcal therapy.

However, the effect of antibacterial drugs in atopic dermatitis has not been proven, although a number of studies have noted the positive effect of using combined antistaphylococcal agents and topical corticosteroids even in patients without bacterial superinfection. Topical calcineurin inhibitors are also able to reduce the amount of S. aureus on the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis.

From the standpoint of evidence-based medicine, the effectiveness of the combination of antibacterial agents and local corticosteroids in patients with atopic dermatitis has not been proven.

Allergy is a pathological reaction of the human immune system to certain substances. It can occur as a result of body contact with pollen, hair, aggressive chemical compounds, certain types of medications, etc. There is also an infectious allergy. In this case, pathogens of various diseases act as allergens.

Kinds

Depending on the allergen, it can be of various types:

• viral allergy;
• bacterial allergy;
• fungal allergy.

All of them are caused by the presence of infection in the body.

Causes of Viral Allergy

Such an immune reaction can appear in both children and adults. It can be caused by serious illness. Such as:

tuberculosis;

• brucellosis;

  anthrax;

  mycoses of the skin and other organs;

  tularemia;

  dysentery;

Viral and bacterial allergies in children and adults occur under such conditions:

intracellular location of infection;

long course of the listed diseases;

the presence of a focus of chronic infection in the body.

Such an allergy can occur not only by itself, but also as a result of a test in the presence of infection in the body. For tuberculosis, this is the Mantoux test, for chronic dysentery, the Tsuverkalov test, for brucellosis, the Burnet test, for gonorrhea, the test with gonovacine, for anthrax, the test with anthraxin, and for tularemia, the test with tularemin.

Children may also experience allergies due to the presence of a less serious infection in the body. Often it manifests itself after a long course of colds. In this case, ARI turns into an infectious allergy in the form of asthmatic bronchitis.
  So, we can conclude that viral and bacterial allergies in children can be caused by such an infection:

• pneumococcus;

  staphylococcus;

  streptococcus;

  e. coli.

Infectious allergies in children develop for the following reasons:

severe diseases listed above;

long course of acute respiratory diseases;

increased sensitivity of the body to the waste products of microorganisms that cause any disease (including flu, etc.);

Also, allergies to the waste products of viruses, bacteria and fungi can occur in adults and children due to a prolonged chronic inflammatory process. It can be chronic cystitis, pyelonephritis and even caries.

Symptoms of an Allergy to an Infection

This type of immune response in adults and children is accompanied by such signs:

redness or rash on the skin;

allergic rhinitis;

redness and tearing of the eyes;

disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (stomach pain, diarrhea);

difficulty breathing

swollen lymph nodes;

in severe cases - anaphylactic shock.

If an allergy occurs after Mantoux or other tests for the presence of an infection in the body, then local symptoms are added to the above signs:

pain and swelling at the injection site;

severe itching;

swelling and redness at the site of the infection test.

Allergies after a long course of acute respiratory illness in children are accompanied by the following symptoms:

• fever;

• wheezing in the lungs;

  wheezing.

  Symptoms: rash and redness

Such symptoms may be present in adults if they strongly launched bronchitis or other respiratory diseases.
  If children or adults have symptoms of acute infectious allergies, you should not try to treat yourself, as there is a high probability of developing anaphylactic shock, which in most cases leads to death. Therefore, in case of signs of an immune reaction to the vital products of viruses, bacteria or fungus, you should immediately consult an allergist. He will prescribe the right treatment, which will help get rid of the symptoms and prevent the recurrence of the disease.
  Allergies after a prolonged course of acute respiratory illness can also cause complications if you do not immediately consult a doctor. These can be chronic diseases of the respiratory system, as well as the appearance of immune reactions to other allergens previously perceived by the body normally (for example, pollen, dust, wool, etc.). In this case, children in contact with these allergens will develop an asthma attack.

Virus Allergy Treatment

First of all, the treatment of such an immune reaction involves getting rid of the infection that caused it.
  Respiratory diseases are treated with antiviral drugs. It could be:

Zanamivir;

Remantadine.

Interferon-containing preparations (a human immune protein that helps fight infection) are also used. These are the following medicines:

• Grippferon and others.

  Viferon

Can also be used drugs that do not contain ready-made protein, but stimulate the body to produce its own interferon. Such drugs are considered the most effective in the fight against acute respiratory diseases. After them are preparations containing ready-made interferon. However, they are less effective, because sooner or later the body begins to block a foreign protein, producing antibodies to it. The following medications are aimed at stimulating the production of own interferon:

Cycloferon;

Also, drugs are used to relieve the main symptoms of acute respiratory diseases. It can be nasal drops, sprays to eliminate redness and sore throat, cough syrups, etc.

Bacterial allergy treatment

The immune response that arose after a long course of diseases caused by bacteria is treated primarily by eliminating the underlying ailments.
  For this, antibiotics are used. There are two types of these drugs: bactericidal and bacteriostatic. The former kill microorganisms, and the latter only inhibit their growth and reproduction.
  Bactericidal antibiotics include:

Aztrionam;

Loracarbef;

Amoxicillin;

Ampicillin

Nafcillin;

cephalosporin antibiotics (ceftriaxone, cefadroxil, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefazolin, etc.).

Bacteriostatic antibiotics include the following drugs:

Tetracycline;

Minocycline;

Doxycycline;

Dalfopristine;

Clarithromycin;

Erythromycin;

Azithromycin;

Dirithromycin

  Erythromycin

In advanced and chronic infections, bactericidal drugs are most often used, since bacteriostatic drugs in such cases only temporarily stop the disease, and after stopping their use, microorganisms begin to multiply again, as a result of which a relapse of the underlying disease and allergic reaction with it is possible.

Fungal Infectious Allergy Treatment

It is primarily aimed at eliminating the underlying infection. Allergy symptoms are also eliminated, for which antihistamines are used. After a complete cure of the underlying disease, the symptoms of the immune reaction no longer return, however, if mycosis is still not treated, a relapse of the allergy is possible.

However, the development of an allergic reaction can cause pathogensleading to various diseases. In this case, an infectious or viral allergy occurs in children.

General information

Viral allergy occurs as a result of penetration into the children's body various viruses.

The immune system of the body produces an appropriate reaction, secrete an increased number of mast cells, which must fight against pathogenic microflora.

With increased sensitivity of the body to this stimulus (virus cells), mast cells will collapse, as a result of which a substance is released into the body - histamine, which is toxic, and leads to the development of allergy-related symptoms.

Moreover, this reaction can occur not only on the presence of the virus itself, but also on the vital products of this microorganism.

There is also such a thing as an infectious allergy, which occurs when not only virus cells, but also various kinds, enter the child’s body bacteria, fungal microorganisms.

This kind of allergic reaction develops against the background of other diseases, the causative agent of which is one or another infection.

What is an allergen?

Infectious-viral allergy occurs in a child when his body comes in contact with:

Causes of occurrence

The main reason for the development of the disease is considered to be penetration into the body of the child pathogen infection.

In addition, it is necessary that the child’s body is distinguished by increased sensitivity to the microorganism and its metabolic products.

In order for a child to have an allergic reaction to viruses, bacteria and other pathogenic microflora, such factors are necessary  as:

Such a disease can provoke the development of serious diseases  like: syphilis, tuberculosis, leprosy, anthrax, plague, dysentery, typhoid, brucellosis, fungal infections of the skin and internal organs.

An insignificant content of pathogens in the child's body can even cause the development of an allergic reaction.

This situation occurs, for example, when certain infectious samples(such as the Mantoux test) when a small amount of a drug containing a virus or other infection is injected into a child’s body to determine its sensitivity.

Can allergies in children have a cumulative effect? Find out about it from ours.

Classification and types

Depending on what caused the development of an allergic reaction, the following types of infectious allergies are distinguished:

• viral(developing due to the penetration of the pathogen virus into the children's body);
• bacterial(arising from contact with pathogenic bacteria);
• fungal(arising from a fungal infection of the body, that is, the skin, nails, internal organs).

Symptoms and signs

Viral allergy in a child - photo:

Recognize the development of viral allergies by the following   characteristic manifestations  this disease, such as:

1. Redness of certain parts of the body, the formation of specific nodular or vesicular rashes on them.
2. Severe itching of the skin.
3. Nasal congestion, the appearance of transparent discharge from the nasal cavity.
4. Lacrimation, the development of signs of conjunctivitis.
5. Disruption of the digestive system, manifested in the form of pain in the abdomen, stool disorders, the appearance of vomiting.
6. A strong dry cough, the attacks of which cause serious discomfort to the child.
7. Shortness of breath, shortness of breath in a child, breathing becomes heavy and noisy.
8. The increase in lymph nodes, most often located in the area of \u200b\u200bpenetration of the virus into the body.
9. An increase in body temperature (sometimes hyperthermia occurs suddenly, temperature indicators reach high levels).

Diagnostics

Diagnosis begins with a history of the disease.

In particular, the doctor reveals the increased sensitivity of the child's body to allergic reactions, aggravated heredity, the conditions under which characteristic symptoms of allergies  (whether the child had any viral disease, the nature and duration of its course).

It also matters how often the child is sick with viral diseases, since in children most susceptible to their development, the corresponding type of allergy more often occurs.

Next, the patient is examined, identifying the characteristic symptoms of the pathology. Necessary and laboratory researchin particular, a blood test to determine the number of mast cells and their decay rate.

Differential

In the event of an infectious allergy it is very important to identify the cause  this reaction of the child's body, that is, a specific pathogen.

Differential diagnosis of post-vaccination allergy is carried out. For this, the child is prescribed various tests (skin or subcutaneous), for example, the Mantoux reaction.

After that, the doctor monitors the reaction of the body of a small patient. In the presence of allergies after such tests  the child develops the corresponding symptoms of the disease, in particular:

• redness of the skin at the injection site, the appearance of a painful papular formation in this area;
• tissue cell death in a given area;
• deterioration in the general well-being of the child.

What is dangerous?

Viral allergies can cause various types of complicationsassociated with respiratory disorders (for example, the occurrence of severe suffocation, which can lead to the death of the child), damage to the eyes, joints (infectious and allergic arthritis), significantly impairing the quality of life of the child.

With damage to internal organs, their functionality is significantly reduced, which also contributes to the development of certain health problems.

Treatment

The main treatment is taking medications prescribed by a doctor.

Allergies can be caused by various causes (bacteria, viruses, fungi), therefore, only a doctor should choose a medicine based on this reason.

So, antiviral drugs will not give any effect with bacterial or fungal allergies, while they cope with the viral variety of the disease quite effectively. Therefore, before starting treatment, it is necessary to identify an allergen, and only a doctor can do this in a clinic.

Medication

The child is prescribed medication in the following groups:

Traditional medicine

Time-tested traditional medicine will help relieve unpleasant allergy symptoms. For example, from rashes and itching it helps sea \u200b\u200bbuckthorn oil, or rosehip oil.

This tool is necessary several times a day lubricate affected skin. The oil has a calming, anti-inflammatory effect, contributes to the rapid regeneration of damaged skin. For the same purposes, you can use fresh berries of sea buckthorn or rose hips.

Infusion of dandelion leaves  It has a pronounced strengthening effect, helps the child’s body better cope with pathogenic viruses.

To prepare the product, you need to take 2 tbsp. chopped leaves, pour them with a glass of boiling water.

Give the child half a cup 2 times a day.

other methods

If the child’s body is prone to viral allergies, it is necessary to take measures to strengthen immunity. For this, a course of immunotherapy with drugs prescribed by a doctor is recommended.

In addition, it is important to adjust the lifestyle of the baby, to provide him with a long stay in the fresh air, adequate physical activity.

In some cases, the baby is prescribed the introduction of minimum doses of an allergen.  This contributes to the restructuring of the immunity of the child, the habituation of his body to the presence of the pathogen.

Prevention

For prevent the development of allergic attacksnecessary:

An allergic reaction to infections and viruses is a very common phenomenon in children, especially those who often suffer from various kinds of diseases of a viral or bacterial nature.

In order to get rid of allergy symptoms, it is necessary to identify the pathogen, and only after that proceed with treatment. The success of therapy largely depends on this.

You can find out about the causes of allergies in infectious diseases from the video:

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Exists in nature and such a type of allergen as bacterial. These are all known bacteria, viruses, microbes. All our lives we have been fighting with them, boiling them, irradiating, sending microbial eaters and all kinds of antibiotics to them. Everything is in vain: they mutate, gain stability and continue to tyrannize us. True, we managed to achieve something. We got rid, for example, of smallpox and do not die of pneumonia and tonsillitis. However, allergies to viruses and bacteria do exist.

It usually begins with a simple ARI or some other typically infectious disease. The temperature rises, bronchitis, shortness of breath, cough that does not go away for months appear. Then there is asthmatic bronchitis, when wheezing, wheezing in the lungs, shortness of breath practically do not disappear. Naturally, a person begins to take drugs intensively, including antibiotics. Such treatment, instead of the expected benefits, brings tremendous harm to the body: there is an increased sensitivity to the antibiotic. And when a microbe and an antibiotic begin to act simultaneously in the body, then an increased sensitivity to them forms even faster.

So what causes allergies? Maybe staphylococcus? Or pneumococcus? Or Escherichia coli, peacefully living in the intestines? Imagine yes. It is these harmless microbes, along with streptococcus, neys series, proteome, hemophilus. But of viruses, the most common cause of microbial allergies are, for example, influenza and parainfluenza viruses.

What contributes to the development of microbial diseases? First of all, the focus of a chronic infection, for example, purulent inflammation of the middle ear or abscess (abscess) of the tooth. The microbes that caused this process secrete special substances to which hypersensitivity forms in the body. Thus, a person with an ordinary carious tooth may also develop bronchial asthma. Carious teeth, inflammation of the sinuses (for example, with sinusitis), the gallbladder with cholecystitis and other foci of infection can cause bacterial allergies.
  Diseases caused by microbes, fungi or viruses, in the development of which allergy plays a large role, are called infectious allergic diseases. This, for example, tuberculosis, brucellosis and others.

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The role of allergies in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases

Four degrees of allergy involvement in the mechanisms of the development of infectious diseases can be distinguished.

I. The allergic mechanism is leading in the pathogenesis of the disease.  This group of infectious diseases is called infectious-allergic. This includes a few acute infectious diseases, which are based on hyperergic inflammation, and all cron, infections: tuberculosis, brucellosis, tuberculoid leprosy, actinomycosis, coccidioidosis, cron, candidiasis, syphilis, frambesia, rheumatism, and others. Not only virulent, they have sensitizing properties. but also conditionally pathogenic microbes. Among them, the most common cause of sensitization are staphylococci, streptococci, neisseria, Escherichia coli and other common microbes and fungi (candida). As a rule, the disease develops on the basis of sensitization by microbes located in hron, inflammatory foci. Microbial etiology in these cases is confirmed not only by positive skin tests, but also by exacerbation of the disease after the staging of such samples.

Some acute infectious diseases, especially whooping cough, flu, mycoplasma pneumonia, can activate the microflora in the foci of hron, infection and cause exacerbation or even the occurrence of infectious-allergic diseases - bronchial asthma, microbial rhinitis. The same complications are sometimes observed as a result of preventive vaccinations with live vaccines. The mechanism of their development may be different: adjuvant activity (see Adjuvants, adjuvant disease), increasing the body's sensitivity to histamine, creating conditions for the propagation of banal microflora.

The causative agents of infections can also cause the development of autoallergic or autoimmune diseases (see. Autoallergic diseases).

II. The allergic component is not critical in pathogenesis  acute infectious diseases, but easily detected clinically using laboratory data and the results of histol studies. This includes almost all acute infectious diseases with a few exceptions, those of morphol, the basis of which is pronounced hyperergic inflammation (scarlet fever, erysipelas, erysipeloid, tularemia). Allergic tests with them usually become positive at a time when the diagnosis is no longer in doubt.

III. Allergy does not play a significant role in pathogenesis  infectious diseases, because it does not have time to develop, for example, with botulism, cholera.

IV. Allergic reactions (drug allergy, serum sickness) overlap the course of the infectious disease. These reactions are not directly related to the pathogenesis of the underlying disease, but can cause severe complications. For example, the frequency and severity of allergic reactions to antibiotics used to treat infectious diseases is increasing; application to lay down. serum is associated with the introduction of the strongest allergens (animal protein), the frequency of development of serum sickness in this case reaches 20-30%.

Some features of infectious and allergic diseases.

Infectious-allergic diseases are characterized by a number of common signs:

1. The basis of morphol, changes is the formation of cellular infiltrates (granulomas).

2. Neither previous diseases, nor preventive vaccination with live vaccines give reliable lifelong immunity.

3. The causative agent has a tendency to intracellular location, which determines the development of a delayed type of IF (eg, with toxoplasmosis, visceral leishmaniasis, histoplasmosis, leprosy, brucellosis, etc.). Perhaps, in this case, the formation of L-forms of bacteria plays a paramount role (see), which has already been proved in relation to brucellosis and tuberculosis.

4. Most infectious and allergic diseases have a cron, course (years, decades, and sometimes for life): tuberculosis, tuberculoid leprosy, actinomycosis, syphilis, frambesia, etc.

5. Chron, infectious and allergic diseases are distinguished by polymorphism of the clinic. Often they begin with some limited focus (tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, syphilis, tularemia, etc.), and sometimes this “primary affect” is not observed, generalization (brucellosis) quickly sets in. In any case, in the future a wide variety of lesions in terms of prevalence and localization is possible: septic and disseminated forms are possible, isolated or multiple, acute or hron, lesions of the musculoskeletal system, internal organs, nervous system.

6. For most diseases, alternating periods of relative wedge, well-being and exacerbations are characteristic; often a wave-like course, relapses after an imaginary cure.

7. The occurrence of latent forms, for example, tuberculosis, brucellosis, histoplasmosis, is characteristic when, in the presence of the causative agent, the clinic of the disease is absent.

8. The state of unstable equilibrium between the human body and the microbe leads to the fact that nutrition, deficiency of vitamins, the effects of cooling, overheating, trauma, pregnancy, etc., have a great influence on the course of cron and infections.

The course of infectious and allergic diseases depends on the reactivity of the body.

The following reactivity options are possible, determined using skin tests and other research methods:

a) areactivity and hyporeactivity: skin tests are negative or mild, intravenous administration of the vaccine causes a mild general reaction; areactivity is most often found in the terminal stage of the disease; with hyporeactivity, the course of the disease is sluggish, without pronounced allergic lesions, but stubborn, protracted, with prolonged subfebrile condition, pronounced functional changes in the nervous system;

b) “normoreactivity”: skin tests are clearly expressed, in vitro tests reveal well the state of delayed-type IF; wedge, the course is relatively favorable with a variety of manifestations of allergic inflammatory lesions; vaccine therapy gives a positive effect;

c) hyperreactivity: when staging skin samples, a severe general reaction with lymphangitis, fever, focal reactions; locally severe inflammatory, sometimes necrotic changes predominate; specific immunotherapy for hyperreactivity causes severe responses and is not indicated.

From infectious and allergic diseases, it is necessary to distinguish allergic diseases caused by non-pathogenic microbes and their metabolic products and which do not cause an infectious process in people. They occur as normal allergic diseases caused by allergens of non-microbial origin. As an example, we can cite an allergy to antibiotics of microbial origin, which are referred to as drug allergy. Detergents with the addition of proteolytic enzymes derived from Bacillus subtilis are widely used in a number of countries; Workers producing detergents with these highly allergenic additives, and people who use powders, described the development of bronchial asthma and other allergic diseases.

Molds and their spores can cause asthma attacks as inhaled allergens. Yeast fungi in some cases play the role of a food allergen.

In the case of a “light farmer” (see Pneumonia, exogenous allergic alveolitis), the cause of the disease is the inhalation of thermophilic actinomycetes contained in the fresh hay. In this case, sensitization is observed by the type of Arthus phenomenon with a high level of precipitins in the blood.

Infectious Allergy and Immunity

Opinions regarding the relationship between delayed-type IF and immunity in infectious diseases are highly controversial. In the experiment, it is difficult to separate the immunity from a delayed-type IF, since various immunization methods that do not lead to the formation of a delayed-type IF do not give a sufficiently pronounced immunity. During experimental parenteral administration of microbes labeled with radioactive isotopes, it was found that delayed-type IF significantly slows the spread of the pathogen. In acute infections, this fact does not matter much, because dissemination occurs faster than a delayed-type IF. However, when infected with minimal doses of the pathogen, which is delayed for a long time in the lymph nodes, the delayed-type IF can inhibit its further spread. With chron. infections with the long-term existence of the pathogen in individual foci (tuberculosis, brucellosis) delayed-type IF can interfere with the secondary generalization of infection. In addition, with the suppression of a delayed type of IF by antilymphocytic serum, the digesting ability of macrophages with respect to the pathogen is inhibited, that is, the main mechanism of immunity suffers (see).

At the same time, the basis of the wedge, manifestations of hron, infections is allergic inflammation.

  and more severe forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, brucellous lesions of c. n S., joints, liver, heart, toxoplasmosis lesions of the eye, manifestations of tuberculoid leprosy and others develop as a response to the inflammatory response of a sensitized organism to the presence of a pathogen. The transition from generalized forms of infection to its localization coincides with an increase in sensitization. Hyporeactive forms that occur with insufficient sensitization are extremely persistent, poorly treatable. In latent forms, which are quite clinically compensated, sensitization is pronounced.

Thus, a delayed-type IF is useful as one of the mechanisms of immunity that helps to limit and localize the infection, which prevents its repeated generalizations. At the same time, it largely determines the entire wedge, the picture of cron, infectious diseases. Each individual patient has to establish whether the state of a delayed type of IF brings him benefit or harm, is an indicator of immunity or causes severe wedge, phenomena, i.e., should desensitization be sought.

In a different way it is necessary to evaluate the role of I. a. with local infectious processes. The threat of generalization of staphylococcus, neisseria and other microbes from the foci of hron, infection is small, therefore, the protective role of delayed-type PCh is secondary, and its pathogenetic significance is undoubted.

  etc., with ankylostomidosis, the initial penetration of larvae through the skin does not cause a local reaction, an invasion develops. With repeated infection, local inflammation is observed and hookworm larvae die. However, it is not known whether the death of the larvae is caused by allergic inflammation or other immunity mechanisms. At the same time, the most severe manifestations of inflammation around helminths localized in tissues, urticaria, Quincke's edema, asthma attacks, of course, are harmful to them.

With toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis, a pronounced delayed-type IF develops, leading to the appearance of hron, an inflammatory process around the foci of localization of the pathogen; positive skin tests with appropriate allergens.

Helminthiases are characterized by an instantaneous IF, but with some of them, a delayed type of IF can also be observed at the same time (schistosomatosis, echinococcosis, trichinosis). The severity of sensitization and the role of allergic reactions in their pathogenesis are different.

In acute opisthorchiasis, eosinophilia in the blood reaches very high numbers, however, common wedge, allergy manifestations are rare.

Methods for the determination of infectious allergies

Diagnostics I. and. possible with the help of various allergens (see Allergens, drugs). Viral allergens are prepared from the virus containing allantoic fluid of chicken embryos (tick-borne encephalitis, influenza, epid, mumps), from the tissue of affected organs (venous lymphogranuloma) with maximum cleaning of substrate antigens. Various bacterial allergens are used: suspensions of microbial cells (tularine, brucellosis corpuscular antigen), filtrates of broth cultures (alttuberculin, histoplasmin, actinomycin), thermostable fractions according to Ando-Verzhikovsky, allergens obtained by disruption of cells by ultrasound, purified protein fractions of tube D (PP) ( polysaccharide-polypeptide complexes (pestin), alkaline protein extracts, etc. In all preparations, the main active principle is the proteins of the microbial cell.

Skin tests are most often used to detect IF, see. With their help, it is possible to simultaneously detect an inverter of an immediate type (after 20-30 minutes) and an inverter of a delayed type (after 24-48 hours). The specificity of skin samples is relative, because in different types of microbes within one genus the commonness of allergens is pronounced, therefore cross-reactions are obtained, for example, with different types of mycobacterium tuberculosis, with different types of brucella, etc. Common allergens are found in different microbial genera, for example, in mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-pathogenic mycobacteria, in different genera of fungi, in the entire group of enterobacteria. At the same time, skin tests are specific for detecting sensitization to a given species or genus of microbes or fungi; they are not positive in healthy people and in infectious diseases caused by other pathogens.

A positive result of a skin test does not exclude any other etiology of lesions, since skin tests reveal only a state of sensitization to the microbe, from which this allergen is obtained. For example, a positive test with toxoplasmin does not exclude tuberculosis, brucellosis and other etiology of the lesion. The most convincing development of a focal reaction after staging a skin test or after additional administration in doubtful cases of an allergen is subcutaneous at a higher dose.

In the diagnosis of allergic diseases, the positive results of skin tests with allergens of common microbes are not always sufficiently indicative. In healthy people, samples with staphylococcus allergens, candida and other allergens are positive in a significant percentage of cases. In this regard, with etiol, the diagnosis of allergic diseases is necessary along with skin provocative tests (see). In bronchial asthma, a provocative test is considered positive and confirms the role of the microbe in the development of the disease, if inhalation of the corresponding allergen causes bronchospasm; with infectious and allergic rhinitis, the application of an allergen to the nasal mucosa causes an exacerbation; with allergic dermatoses, staging a skin test leads to increased inflammation in the foci. One of the varieties of provocative tests is the intravenous administration of allergens. In the practice of diagnosing and treating infectious diseases, it is used only for brucellosis and reveals more sensitized patients than a skin test. In an experiment, intravenous administration of lysed microbial allergens reveals an instantaneous IF of microbial allergens (anaphylactic shock), and with the introduction of corpuscular allergens, a delayed type of IF.

For identification And. And. for various diseases, a complex of in vitro samples has been developed: to determine the delayed type of IF, the reaction of lymphocyte blastotransformation is used (see), the migration inhibition reaction, to determine the immediate type of IF - the reaction of passive mast cell degranulation. For each reaction, it is necessary to select an allergen, work out its optimal dose.

A positive result of skin tests convincingly proves the presence of I. a., But does not say anything about the activity of the disease. Dramatically positive samples are characteristic of fully compensated and latent cases of the disease and can persist for years after bacterioli and recovery. In addition, sensitization can be the result of a latent infection, preventive vaccinations.

It requires caution and the evaluation of the results of in vitro samples. They are less reliable than skin and provocative tests, and have a certain diagnostic value only with a comprehensive examination of the patient. A positive reaction of blastotransformation of lymphocytes speaks more about the activity of the infectious process than about the degree of I. a .; neutrophil damage reaction reflects the level of antibodies in the blood serum.

Treatment

Treatment of manifestations I. and. It is aimed at eliminating the pathogen, because after eliminating the infection while maintaining the sensitization state, antigens do not form in the body, allergic reactions do not occur. Antibiotics used for this purpose prevent the development of sensitization only when they are prescribed at a very early stage of the disease, by reducing the number of microbes. Antibiotics do not affect the already developed delayed-type IF.

The state of a delayed type of IF can be maintained for decades after bacterioli, recovery, possibly due to the transition of microbes to L-forms of sludge and due to the fact that the life of T-lymphocytes reaches 20 years. In the absence of a pathogen in the body, this has no pathogenetic significance, and attempts to hyposensitize can only do harm.

In some infectious and allergic diseases, when the antibacterial drugs are not sufficiently effective, the following drugs are used for hyposensitization: tuberculin for tuberculosis, vaccines for brucellosis, actinomycosis, candidiasis, etc. For delayed-type PC, intravenous administration to patients should be treated. vaccines in increasing doses leads only to a short-term moderate decrease in IF - after 1-2 months. the previous slow-drive IF level is restored or even higher. A similar phenomenon is observed with infectious and allergic diseases caused by sensitization by microbes located in the foci of hron, infection, the effectiveness of hyposensitization in infectious-allergic bronchial asthma is much lower than in its atopic forms.

Due to the fact that the introduction of an allergen causes focal, and sometimes severe general reactions, hyposensitization is contraindicated in case of lesions of c. n S., eye, with diffuse changes in the liver, kidneys, with cardiac abnormalities, pregnancy. To suppress excessively strong inflammatory reactions, sometimes life-threatening, the most effective are corticosteroid hormones used in sufficiently large doses, possibly with a shorter course and necessarily iodine protection of antibiotics, since corticosteroids simultaneously significantly suppress immunity.

Antihistamines can have a certain effect only in case of immediate-type inverters, for example, with helminthiasis, urticaria of microbial etiology. They reduce the wedge, the manifestations of an allergy of an immediate type, but do not eliminate the cause, and after stopping their intake, the symptoms usually resume.

Prevention of infectious allergies by eliminating contact with the agent that caused its development is possible only in rare cases (detergents with microbial enzymes, antibiotics of microbial origin). Prevention of development I. and. with infections comes down to their prevention. In a patient with a developed infection, the prevention of sensitization does not make sense, since a delayed-type IF should be considered as one of the mechanisms of immunity. In patients with a tendency to allergic diseases, to prevent their development, careful and intensive treatment of acute respiratory diseases, foci of chron, infection is necessary.

Some features of infectious allergies with bacterial toxins. The beginning of the study of I. a. studies of bacterial toxins were carried out by I. L. Krichevsky and N. V. Galanova (1934), who established that the smooth muscle cells of the uterus of the uterus of guinea pigs infected with B. abortus react more actively to the endotoxin of this microorganism than the same cells of intact animals .

Later, Soviet scientists studied the reaction of various cells of the body to endo- and exotoxins of bacteria - pathogens of brucellosis, tuberculosis, glanders, diphtheria, tetanus, botulism, anaerobic infection and various viruses.

bme.org

Bacterial allergydue to hypersensitivity to bacterial allergens, usually develops in the presence of foci of chronic infection in the body that can be localized in the tonsils, carious teeth, adnexal nasal cavities, bronchopulmonary apparatus, intestines, biliary system. Bacterial allergy  formed for a long time, over several years, so up to three years of age is extremely rare. Under the influence of bacterial allergens, infectious and allergic diseases are formed: infectious-allergic bronchial asthma, rhinitis, infectious-allergic urticaria. In the specific diagnosis of bacterial allergies, standard bacterial allergens manufactured by the Kazan Scientific Research Institute of Emergency Medicine are used: hemolytic streptococcus, hemolytic staphylococcus, proteus mirabilis and vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococcus, Escherichia coli, pneumococcus group, neiseria.
The first step in diagnosing a bacterial allergy is an allergy history. The characteristic anamnestic signs of bacterial allergies are seasonality of exacerbation (in the wet cold season), the relationship of exacerbation of the disease with hypothermia due to exacerbation of foci of chronic infection. An exacerbation of an infectious-allergic disease is often accompanied by febrile or subfebrile temperature, the appearance of symptoms of intoxication, and antibiotic therapy is effective in treatment. Acute inflammatory processes in children with atopic diseases are often mistaken for infectious-allergic diseases, especially for patients with atopic bronchial asthma. As a result of this, anamnestic overdiagnosis of infectious-allergic diseases often takes place. Table 2.15 shows that bacterial positive  anamnesis (BqA) correlates with a complex of other tests in 67.16% of patients, of which 45.10% are provocative. In 1/3 of cases with a positive history, all other tests were negative, that is, bacterial sensitization was not detected. Thus, in more than half of patients, a bacterial etiology of the disease, suspected by history, is not confirmed by a comprehensive allergological examination. With a negative history, 13.00% of children have a bacterial allergy, mainly subclinical. From this it follows that the history of bacterial allergies is not always reliable.
  Skin testing with bacterial allergens is not specific enough. Table 2.15 shows that only in 38.33% of cases positive  the result of intradermal tests (VKP) correlates with a complex of other tests and in 9.45% - with a provocative one, and in 61.67% all other tests turned out to be negative, i.e. bacterial sensitization was not detected. This indicates insufficient specificity of a positive result of skin tests with bacterial allergens. At the same time, their negative result is highly reliable, in which only 0.07% revealed a subclinical bacterial allergy.
Other authors point to the non-specificity of skin tests with bacterial allergens. Thus, in the observations of T. S. Sokolova and V. A. Fradkin (1978), 50% of healthy children received positive CPS with bacterial allergens. This indicates the need (to clarify the role of the allergen in the disease) to use in the diagnosis of bacterial allergies, in addition to the anamnesis and skin tests, other tests - provocative and laboratory. Among the latter, RLL is highly informative, positive  the result of which coincides with the set of other tests in 84.76%, but only in 13.36% with provocative ones, that is, it rarely reveals a manifest, but mostly subclinical allergy, and in some cases (15.24%) is false positive. Reliable is its negative result. At the same time, the coincidence of positive PPN reactions with other tests is observed only in 56.52, and with provocative ones in 2.17% of cases. In 43.48% with a positive (mainly up to 0.15) result of PPN bacterial allergy  not installed. However, a negative PPN result is highly reliable. It should be noted that the intensity of the CPS and laboratory tests does not reflect the degree of hypersensitivity of the patient to the allergen (Fig. 2.9). Even sharply and very sharply positive. their results reflect both manifest and subclinical allergies, and false-positive results. In other words, skin and laboratory tests do not allow to differentiate between manifest and subclinical forms of bacterial allergies, requiring a different therapeutic approach.

survincity.ru

About bacterial allergies

Bacterial allergy is  a certain type of allergy in which an allergic reaction develops to bacteria that are in the body, usually in the form of chronic foci of infection. Such chronic foci are most often localized in the tonsils, carious teeth, paranasal sinuses, in the bronchopulmonary tree, as well as in the intestines and kidneys. At the same time, a bacterial allergy takes a long time to form, sometimes it takes years, so it most often occurs in adults or older children.

Bacterial allergy isthat under the influence of bacterial agents and antigens that have entered the human body, infectious and allergic diseases are formed, for example, such as:

• Bronchial asthma;
• Allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis;
• Infectious and allergic urticaria.

The above diseases are heavily tolerated by patients, require a long and high-quality treatment. However, the sooner the patient discovers allergy symptoms and seek qualified medical help, the faster the specific treatment prescribed by the doctors will work, and such a patient will be able to forget about bacterial allergies forever.

Symptoms of a bacterial allergy

Symptoms of a bacterial allergy depend  from the type of bacteria that contribute to the development of an allergic reaction, as well as from the state of the human immune system. So, the following symptoms of a bacterial allergy are distinguished:

1. Respiratory symptoms:
   • Coughing and shortness of breath due to sensation of a lump in the throat;
   • Paroxysmal sneezing;
   • Itching in nose and throat;
   • Transparent, mucous discharge from the nose;
   • Nasal congestion;
   • Violation of smell;
2. Symptoms of damage to the organ of vision:
   • Redness of the mucous membranes of the eyes;
   • Lacrimation
   • Itchy eyes;
3. In some cases, skin symptoms join in the form of:
   • Rashes and redness on the skin, which are also accompanied by itching;
4. Symptoms indicating a violation of the gastrointestinal tract:
   • Pain in the stomach;
   • Vomiting
   • Diarrhea.

In the most severe cases, symptoms of anaphylactic shock or Quincke's edema develop, the relief of which is possible only with the help of qualified medical professionals who provide emergency medical care.

Causes of Bacterial Allergy

The causes of bacterial allergies come down  to the fact that the body has chronic foci of infection associated with untreated colds, bacterial diseases (for example, pneumonia, sinusitis, etc.). And under certain conditions, for example, hypothermia and a decrease in immunity, these foci are activated, which triggers the course of a bacterial allergic reaction. Therefore, in order to fundamentally prevent the development of bacterial allergies, it is always necessary to completely eliminate the disease and not run it to a chronic form.

Bacterial allergy in children

Bacterial allergies in children are usually detected.  not earlier than 3 years of age, because it develops against the background of chronic foci of infection in the body. Symptoms in children are the same as in adults, but sometimes it is more vivid and pronounced, which is associated with the immaturity of the children's immune system. Bacterial allergies in children need qualified and specialized treatment, which is aimed not only at alleviating the symptoms of allergies, but also at eliminating and resolving chronic foci of infection.

Treating bacterial allergies in children  Doctors of our clinic “Lor-Asthma” are engaged, offering only safe, reliable and most effective methods. Remember, the sooner you consult a doctor, the sooner he establishes the type of allergy and determines a specific type of allergen, the sooner you can start treating your baby, and the sooner he will get rid of severe and unpleasant symptoms of a bacterial allergy.

Treat your child using only high-quality and effective treatment methods! Namely, such doctors offer bacterial allergy treatments  Lor-Asthma Clinic

Bacterial allergy treatment

Treatment of bacterial allergies in our clinic  Lor-Asthma is always carried out at the highest level! We conduct treatment for both adults and children, relieving them of bacterial allergies, while always choosing treatment regimens individually.

Bacterial Allergy Treatment Launched  with quality diagnostics. It is from this that our doctors begin. The first stage is the collection of an allergy history, which the attending physician finds out from the patient himself or from the child's parents. Then, after conducting just a few diagnostic procedures and based on the patient’s medical history, the doctor determines the type of allergy, and also determines the degree of its development.

After determining the type of allergen and determining the state of the patient's immunity, the treatment of allergy begins. As a treatment for bacterial allergies  Our experts offer only proven, effective and high-quality methods, for example, such as:

1. Phytoapitherapy;
2. Apitherapy;
3. Lipid therapy;
4. Ultrasound therapy;
5. Capillary therapy.

The goal of treating bacterial allergies  - this is not only to eliminate the symptoms, but also to strengthen the immune system as a whole, as well as eliminate the chronic foci of bacterial infection, which in the future helps prevent the development of relapses of allergies!

Sign up for a bacterial allergy consultation

User questions on our site about bacterial allergies

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Word "microbe"  traditionally associated with the idea of \u200b\u200bsomething pathogenic. But allergenic properties are primarily possessed by microorganisms that are almost or completely harmless to humans, its natural cohabitants - for example, some staphylococci that live on the skin and E. coli.

In addition to unicellular organisms of a bacterial, plant or animal nature, viruses are also allergenic, primarily o-crosslinked respirators, influenza and parainfluenza viruses. There is no reason to talk about pathogenicity or its absence: the very nature of the virus is such that by definition it is pathogenic for any living creature into whose DNA it is embedded.

As one of the theories popular in modern allergology says, initially an allergy to viruses is formed, and then - as if along a beaten track - an increased sensitivity to microbes is developed. This usually happens in childhood.

An extremely interesting question for theoreticians and a nasty one for practitioners is what allergens of microbes and viruses are. In principle, the situation is more or less clear; a virus is, roughly speaking, a bare genetic apparatus (DNA or RNA in complex with proteins), and its allergens are either direct products of its genes, or some of the proteins that make up the complex. Well, a microbe is a unicellular creature, which has a full variety of proteins, so there are plenty to choose from. But the problem is different. Any infectious agent has antigens against which the human immune system produces antibodies - this is understandable. And now it turns out that some infectious agents also have allergens. Are these the same proteins or others? Let's say the flu virus antigen and its allergen are the same protein or different?

It seems logical to assume that they are different, because different antibodies are usually produced in response to their presence: for allergens - mainly IgE, for antigens - all the others (this scheme, of course, is extremely simplified). But look at how a microbial or viral allergy develops.

At first, a sick child now and then suffers from acute respiratory infections or the flu, or even tonsillitis or bronchitis. As if everything is going according to the schedule: a strong fever, cough, runny nose, etc., etc. - intensive antibiotic therapy is carried out - the heat goes away, runny nose and cough, too - convalescence sets in (doctors call the recovery phase with this bushy word). However, later typically flowing bronchitis is suddenly complicated by severe shortness of breath, prolonged, obsessive cough for many long months ... It seems as if the patient does not cease to hurt. And gradually shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing and wheezing in the lungs become companions of his life. There are no signs of infection, but the symptoms listed are. This means that a microbial or viral allergy has developed in the form of asthmatic bronchitis.

It turns out that the disease (or treatment for it?) Easily flows into an allergy to its pathogen! Perhaps, all the same, its antigens and allergens are the same substances. And importantly, in such cases, continuing to pump the child with antibiotics is completely useless and even harmful: along the way, an allergy to the medicine may also develop! It is proved that with a combination of the action of an antibiotic and a microbe (or virus) on an organism, an acute sensitivity to both of them forms faster than individually.

As for allergies to E. coli and other invisible and non-malignant symbionts (cohabitants) of a person, these creatures should not have any antigens, which means that painful sensitivity to them is a classic version of the “immunity error”.

As a rule, allergic reactions to microbes and viruses proceed in a delayed manner. Immediate - for example, pneumococcus, streptococcus, neisseria, the same E. coli - are rarely observed.

What can be advised to the public in order to avoid microbial and viral allergies? Is it just one thing: get sick less, harden like steel, do not disdain general strengthening procedures, do not be lazy to do exercises in the mornings, and if you have already got the flu, acute respiratory infections, or other infection, please treat him to complete recovery. There is evidence that the development of allergic diseases caused by microbes and viruses is facilitated by foci of chronic infection in the tonsils, uterus appendages, gall bladder, intestines, in a word, in any organs. Why is there a gall bladder - a holey tooth that is not filled in time can cause bronchial asthma! After all, caries is also caused by microbes. And during flu epidemics that regularly shake our capital and other Russian cities, you must strictly observe all the rules of hygiene and individual protection.

In addition, please keep in mind that from some bacteria it was possible to isolate proteases and proteinases (enzymes that melt proteins), which are now widely used in the manufacture of washing powders. It’s not always a bacterial allergen - protease or proteinase, but patients with hypersensitivity to bacteria are advised to handle detergents with care: inhaling their air suspension can cause an asthma attack, and washing clothes with bare hands and even wearing clothes washed with such a powder unsafe for skin.

• Household allergies
• Chicken Protein Allergy
• Types of Allergies
• Eye allergy
• Chicken Egg Allergy

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