English grammar: basic concepts. English grammar by level English language theory for beginners

This quick grammar guide or, if you prefer, an abbreviated tutorial will help you start learning English from scratch and save you valuable time. It is worth noting that professors of linguistic universities are unlikely to find anything interesting for themselves here, although ...

It's not a secret for anyone that in order to talk, that is, to communicate, grammar is not needed at all, but in order to start speaking, especially for an adult, it is highly desirable to know grammar, as this will significantly speed up the process of language learning. But then the question arises, how much do you need to know this very grammar? Serious grammatical works contain hundreds of pages of complex definitions, formulations and explanations. Do you personally need it, decide for yourself. It all depends on your goals - whether you want to become a professional linguist or you just need to speak the language. And these, as they say in Odessa, are two big differences.

I tried to condense the English grammar down to the size of a small brochure and collect the necessary minimum so that you can quickly speak English without getting too deep into the wording and without going into the difficulties of predicative terms and other gerunds with impersonal verb forms. How much it was possible, to judge you.

But hasn't the preface to the shortest grammar been dragged on?

Grammar, phonetics and spelling - who's in charge?

English has an incredibly simple grammar, but very complex, one might say confused spelling, which is not very friendly with phonetics. Let me remind you that spelling is how we write, and phonetics is what we say. Writing and reading English words should be taught almost like Chinese characters; in theory it is believed that there are rules for English reading, but in practice the number of exceptions is daunting, especially for beginners. However, not everything is so scary, the English alphabet does not exist in vain, and from the letters you can sometimes guess the pronunciation. In order to get an idea of ​​English phonetics, spelling and transcription, as well as to listen to typical examples, take a look at the section of our website dedicated to English transcription and phonetics on occasion. And we move on and move on to the basis of any language - nouns.

Nouns

Nouns in English(oh joy!) practically do not incline, and in the plural a letter "sticks" to them on the tail -s or for easier pronunciation two letters -es:
dog - dog, dogs - dogs
bush - bush, bushes - bushes

If a word ends with a letter -y, then in the plural it usually turns into two letters ie:
country –countries

Nouns ending in -f, or -fe, plural change f on the v, and the same suffix is ​​added to them -es:
leaf - leaves
thief - thieves (thief - thieves)
life - lives

But nouns ending in -ief, -oof, -ff, -rf, plural get the usual suffix -s.
chief - chiefs
hoof - hoofs (hoof - hooves)
cliff - cliffs
scarf - scarfs

These plural rules are true for the vast majority of English nouns, but there are few exceptions, they must be remembered:

foot - feet
goose - geese
louse - lice (louse - lice)
mouse - mice
man - men
woman - women
person - people
child - children
tooth - teeth
ox - oxen (bull - bulls)
fungus - fungi (fungus - fungi, mold)

If the English need to show that something belongs to someone, then the letter is added to the noun in the singular ’S, but now with an apostrophe:

dad "s car - daddy's car

And in the plural, - and one apostrophe at all, because the letter s, as we know, is already at the end of the word:

her relatives "house - the house of her relatives.

If it is necessary to show that an object belongs to something inanimate, then the following construction is more often used:

the root of the tree - the root of the tree

Here, as you can see, the preposition is used of, while the noun itself does not change again!

By the way, about pretexts: in English, prepositions are generally very often used not only to connect words in a sentence, but also to replace Russian case endings. In this function, they are not translated at all:
to dig with shovel - dig with a shovel ( verbatim: dig With shovel).

This could end our story about nouns, if not for one but.

Article

Articles are tiny little words that stick to nouns like a bath sheet. For some reason, the British insert them where it is necessary and where it is not necessary; they are hardly translated into Russian. Why almost? Because in Russian there are also articles, only they are used a little less often. Don't believe me? Here's an example for you: (In the first sentence, as an indefinite article, the numeral is used one, and in the second, a demonstrative pronoun this, but already as definite.) I know one guy. This the guy will definitely help you. It looks about the same in English. I know a guy. The guy will help you for sure. But don't flatter yourself, this is where the similarities end. Our English-speaking brothers in reason are so accustomed to articles that they almost always use them, so in the sentence "A book is on the desk" both articles are not translated into Russian at all. You can read more about English articles.

English verbs are regular and irregular.

Regular verbs have only 3 (!) Forms:
1. Basic (vocabulary, it is infinitive) - love - to love
2. Communion I - loving - loving
3. The past tense (and participle II) - loved - loved (-a / -o); favorite
Communion II in regular verbs, coincides with the past tense, which means that the word loved, depending on the context, can be translated as loved, beloved, beloved, etc.

Note that in the world famous phrase "I love you" the dictionary form is used, i.e. Englishmen or Americans say: "i love you", or more precisely: "i love you"... No shape changes, no generic endings!

Future it is formed even easier, - with the help of an auxiliary verb will - will, will, will, will, will, will... Moreover, the verb itself, used with will, does not change at all, as often happens in Russian: I will work or we will work ... Please note that there are no forms in English such as let's go, let's go, let's go etc., it is always used here will go, i.e. I will, I will, I will ... go.

Examples:
1. Present tense: change - change (s)
2. Participle I (present): changing - changing (s), changing (s)
3. Past tense and participle II (past tense): changed - changed, changed, changed
4. Future tense: will change - will change, will change

Remember that in the third person singular all English verbs get the suffix -s (-es):
divide - to divide; he (she) divides - he (she) divides. Suffix -es usually added for euphony in words ending in -s, -sh, -x and some others:
he (she) fixes - he (she) fixes.

In order to show in a sentence that the verb is used in indefinite form the particle "to" is added to it. I have to go. - I have to (what to do?) Go.

Irregular Verbs changes are somewhat more complicated, for example:
drink - drank - drunk = to drink - drank - drunk
And in some cases, on the contrary, they do not change at all:
cost - cost - cost = cost - cost - cost

Since irregular verbs are an integral part of learning English, you must definitely learn them by heart.

There is a lot of time in English, and, since the format of our "grammar in a robe" does not allow dwelling on them in detail, take a look at the table with the voiced examples, try to understand the meaning of their use, and, believe me, you will succeed! In the table, you will also find most of the verb forms in typical examples.

It should be noted here that many English tenses are used quite rarely, so do not try to memorize everything, just read and pay attention to when and how often this or that time is used.

In order for it to be clear in the sentence that the verb is used in an indefinite form, a particle is added to it to, which in spelling and pronunciation completely coincides with the preposition of the same name to.
For instance:
I have to go. - I have to go.

Verbs "to be, to have, to do"

We exist, we have something and we always do something. I sleep- this is also an action! Accordingly verbs be, have, do are three whales of any language. In English, these verbs are conjugated outside the box, so you need to remember them first.

Verb conjugations to be - to be in present time:
I am - I am
you are - you / you are
he / she / it is - he / she / it is
we are - we are
they are - they are

Verb conjugations to have - have in present time:
I have - I have
you have - you have, you have
he / she / it has - he / she / it has
we have - we have
they have - they have

At the end of the conversation about verbs, one cannot but recall a very important construction, without which it is impossible to speak English correctly.
There is ... (singular), there are ... (plural).
There is a lipstick on your collar. “You [have] lipstick on your collar.
There are two sides to every coin. “Every coin [has] two sides.

As you can see, in the present tense this phrase should not be translated into Russian. Past tense - there was (singular) and there were (plural) just like in Russian it means was (was, was) or were: There was a big party at Buckingham Palace. - There was a big party at Buckingham Palace. (not a party!)

Pronouns

Pronouns, as the name implies, are needed in order to replace the names of objects, living beings or their attributes. Pronouns are:

Personal:
I - I; me - me, me
he - he; him - him, him
she - she; her - her, her
it - it (he, she), him, him, etc. (used with inanimate objects or in relation to animals, when translated into Russian it can get any genus)
we - we; us - us, us
you - you, you, you,
they - they; them - them, them The pronoun "I" is always written with a capital letter, oh, and they love themselves, and maybe they are doing the right thing?

Possessive(and their corresponding absolute forms):
My -> Mine - my
His -> His - his
Her -> Hers - her
Its -> Its - his / her
Our -> Ours - our
Your -> Yours - your
Their -> Theirs - theirs

The absolute pronoun is used without a noun:
"Whose house is this?"
"It" s ours. "
- Whose is this house?
- Our.

Reflexive pronouns often, but not always translated into Russian with a reflexive suffix -s, or -Sya
I - myself
you - yourself
he - himself
she - herself
it - itself
we - ourselves
you - yourselves
they - themselves

Examples:
I have lost myself. - I'm lost. (literally: I lost myself)
She believed in herself. - She believed in herself.

Demonstrative pronouns that is why they exist, to point out to someone ...
However, they do not need comments, just remember them:

this - this, this, this
that - that, that, that
these - these
those - those

Who is one?

One in English means one but this word is also often used as a pronoun. At the same time, the translation of the word "one" into Russian in one sentence can be completely different:
Don "t take this one, take that one. - Don't take this, take that one.

Comes to the ridiculous, word one used in the plural, for example:
Don "t buy the red apples, buy the green ones... - Don't buy red apples, buy green ones. And into Russian, as you probably noticed, this word is not translated here at all, so you just need to get used to its use. By the way, there are many things to get used to when learning a language, so develop the right habits through practice!

Adjectives, gender, number, declension.

English adjectives, unlike Russian ones, do not change in gender and do not incline, which means that everything is outrageously simple with them! For example, the same word young can translate as young, young, young, young, young and even as a plural, young, young, etc. Plus, the overwhelming majority of adjectives derived from nouns do not differ from their "ancestors" at all. For example, to say paper towel in English, you just need to say: paper towel.

Comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives, and at the same time adverbs. Adverb it's almost the same adjective, only answers questions as? where? when? how?... And in English, they often coincide in form (cool - cool, cool), so we will consider the degrees of their comparison together.

Long comments are not needed here, it is only worth mentioning that the superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs is used with the definite article the... Now you can go to examples:
long - longer - the longest = longest - longest
easy - easier - the easiest = simple - simplest - simplest
cool - cooler - the coolest = cool - cooler - coolest

I must say that in youth slang the word "cool" is more often used in the meaning of "cool, cool, fun"

Polysyllabic adjectives and adverbs form a comparative and superlative degree with the help of words more - more, most - most (most) and less - less, least - least:

more interesting - more interesting
the most important
less expensive - less expensive
the least comfortable - the least comfortable (most uncomfortable)

Numerals

Numbers are a very important part of any language, so be sure to learn counting in English, at least up to a hundred, preferably up to a thousand (the difference is small, because after a hundred tens and units are repeated), then everything will go like clockwork. And the numbers themselves can be found in the Russian-English phrasebook, where you can also listen to them.

Word order in an English sentence

It is not for nothing that the English language is called structured, because, unlike Russian, the words in a sentence must be arranged in a strict order. This is due to the almost complete absence of case endings in nouns and adjectives, as well as the immutability of the verb forms. For now, without getting into subtleties, just remember that in the narrative sentence the subject always comes first- an object or object (noun or pronoun, often with an article), to which the action expressed by the predicate (verb) is attributed.
For instance: The train arrived at the station on time. - The train arrived at the station on time.

In an interrogative sentence, the first place is an auxiliary verb (be, have, do, shall / should, will / would) in the desired form, or an interrogative word (who, what, where, when, why, etc.). In a foreign country you have to ask a lot of questions, so here's a few typical examples:

Are you sure? - Are you sure? (Are you sure?)
Do you like jazz? - Do you like jazz?
Where have you been? - Where have you been?
What are you talking about? - What are you talking about? (As you can see, prepositions can easily appear at the very end of a sentence)
Who is this young lady? - Who's that girl?
What are you waiting for? - What are you waiting for?
Why do you leave? - Why are you leaving?
What are you going to keep the water in? - What are you going to store the water in?
Where to? - Where to go? (this question can often be heard from a taxi driver in New York)

And here is a masterpiece of constructing a sentence (although here, from the point of view of English syntax, everything is correct):
What are you going to keep the thermostat set to? - At what temperature are you going to keep the thermostat?

If you come across unfamiliar words, take a dictionary and translate these sentences verbatim. Feel the difference. It is by understanding and feeling this difference that you will very soon begin to speak English.

Briefly about prepositions

The use of prepositions often does not coincide with Russian counterparts, so it is recommended to work out the topic in more detail and learn prepositions under any pretext.

To avoid getting completely confused with the –s (-es) suffixes, repeat the following:
Suffix addition rules -s (-es) to the verb completely coincide with the rules for adding this plural suffix to a noun. But!

Nouns get the suffix -s (-es) plural:
dog - dog, dogs - dogs.

Verbs get the suffix -s (-es) vice versa singular third party:
divide - to divide; he (she) divides - he (she) divides.
-es as well as for nouns, it is added for convenience: he (she) fixes - he (she) fixes.

Someone's clever head even came up with a rule of mutually exclusive or opposite suffixes... Its essence is that the presence of the plural suffix "-s (-es)" in the subject-noun excludes the suffix "-s (-es)" from the predicate verb and vice versa:
My baby sleeps soundly. - My child is fast asleep.
My babies sleep soundly. - My children are fast asleep.

To reinforce this rule, try pronouncing a tongue twister:
She sells (singular third party) sea ​​shells (noun plural)... - She sells seashells.

Well, that seems to be all you need to know about grammar in order to quickly master English.
It remains to learn a few stable (or well-established) expressions:

the more the better - the more the better
the less the worse - the less the worse
sooner or later - sooner or later
better late than never - better late than never
it rains cats and dogs - it rains like a bucket
in order to ... - in order to ...
as soon as possible (ASAP for short) - as soon as possible
as you like - as you want
hurry up - hurry up
take your time - take your time

And a few more expressions in the subjunctive mood:

I would have done this ... - I would have done this ...
I could have done this ... - I could do it ...
I should have done this ... - I should have done this ...

And in denials it looks like this:
You shouldn't have done this. - You shouldn't have done this. / You shouldn't have done it.
I couldn "t have done this if you weren" t by my side. “I couldn’t have done it if you weren’t there.

If you have learned these phrases, then consider that English is in your pocket. Believe it? Just kidding, although this is probably enough to start, but now, if you want not to get stuck in the beginning, you have to read, write, listen and speak a lot in English. If you want more phrases, read and listen to our Russian-English phrasebook. And for those who want to advance further and significantly expand their vocabulary, we have a special gift - a voiced vocabulary trainer.

We are all living people, and people tend to make mistakes, so if you notice an error, or you think that something can be improved or added, write! You can leave your feedback about this grammar, or about the entire site in

If you study or teach English, good english grammar textbook can play a decisive role in language learning.

The choice of English grammar textbooks today amazes with the variety of authors, publishers and affordable prices. It would seem that anyone who speaks English decided to share their observations, how to learn English grammar.

People do not invent languages ​​by writing grammars, they write grammars by observing the tacit, largely unconscious, rules that people seem to be applying when they speak. Yet once a book exists, and especially once it is employed in schoolrooms, people feel that the rules are not just descriptions of how people do talk, but prescriptions for how they should talk.

People don't come up with languages ​​by writing grammar books, they write grammar guides based on observing the non-verbal, and mostly unconscious rules that people seem to use when speaking. But, as soon as the textbook is written and used in the classroom, we notice that grammar rules are not a description of a conversation, but a prescription for how to speak.

Does it exist perfect English grammar textbook that will be useful to anyone interested in grammatical explanations and rules? What selection criteria should be used when choosing a grammar reference?

Today we will talk about famous grammar manuals of domestic and foreign authors, and tell you how to choose English grammar textbook, which will definitely come in handy for you.

How to Pick a Good Self-Study Grammar Textbook

First, you should figure out what level of language proficiency you have

You ask, which one English grammar textbook best? Of course, the choice of textbook will largely depend on your preferences, goals and level. However, the methodological requirements for a grammar textbook, for its content and structure, play an important role.

References, textbooks, manuals and collections of exercises on grammar of English

Before buying, try to answer the question: Why do you need a grammar textbook? Answering this question will save you not only time, but also effort and money.

For a more detailed acquaintance with the rules (= theory), various English grammar reference books... These tutorials explain the rules in detail and provide a large number of examples. Exercise, as a rule, may be absent or present in small quantities.

English Grammar Exercise Books are built in a slightly different way. Their goal is to work out the rules in the form of a variety of exercises or language assignments. In such textbooks, a minimal amount of theory is usually presented in the form of short explanations, reference tables and diagrams.

On a note!

Modern English grammar textbooks are divided into two parts: theory and practice. Both parts can be included in one book, or published in separate editions.

Whatever the structure of the book, the basic requirements for a grammar textbook, which both students and teachers unanimously repeat, are as follows:

• compliance with the student's language level;
• availability and completeness of presentation;
• adherence to principles from simple to complex;
• modernity of language material;
• availability of reference tables, diagrams and answers for self-testing;
• adequate price and quality of printing.

As you can see good grammar textbook must meet a sufficiently large list of criteria to be of benefit and pleasure to English learners.

What's the best English grammar textbook?

Learning a foreign language requires the student to regularly thoroughly study the language grammatical material. Remember that even the best grammar textbook- it is just a tool to achieve the goal, with which the process of learning and mastering English becomes interesting and effective.

It is believed that the use of numerous grammar reference books will allow you to acquire a deeper and more versatile knowledge of English grammar.

But there is also a significant disadvantage. If you want, multiple rules from different textbooks can lead to a complete misunderstanding of the theory, and, accordingly, to the inability to use grammatical phenomena in speech correctly.

List of the best grammar textbooks

Name	Author, publisher	Level	Year of issue
English: simply about the difficult. Practical course	Levental V.I. (Manuscript)	Beginner	1993
All the rules of the English language	Sergey Matveev (AST)	for schoolchildren	2015
All English grammar in tables	G. P. Shalaeva (Philological Society "SLOVO")	Beginner	2004
English grammar	Kobrina N.A. (Union)	Intermediate	1999
English grammar	Kaushanskaya V. (Iris press)	Intermediate	2008
English grammar. Exercise book	Barashkova E.A. (Exam, Moscow)	Elementary	2016
Grammar. Exercise book	Golitsynsky Yu.B. (KARO)	Beginner	2011
Practical English grammar	Kachalova K.N. Izrailevich E.E. (Methodology)	Beginner to Upper-Intermediate	2003
A Practical English Grammar	A. J. Thomson, A. V. Martinet (Oxford University Press)	For intermediate and post-intermediate	2011
Active grammar	Fiona Davis, Wayne Rimmer	3 books (Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced)	2011
Active Grammar Practice	Louis Fidge (Learners Publishing)	6 books (Starter-Pre-Intermediate)	2005
Advanced language practice	Michael vince (MacMillan Publishing)	Advanced	2003
Basic Grammar	Betty azar (Longman - 2nd edition), (Pearson Education - 3d edition)	Beginner	2002, 2006
Business Grammar Builder	Paul emmerson (Macmillan)	Upper Intermediate	2010
	Hewings Martin (Cambridge University Press)	Advanced	2009
Developing Grammar In Context	Mark Nettle, Diana Hopkins (Cambridge University Press)	Intermediate	2003
Developing grammar in context	Michael Vince, Simon Clarke (Macmillan ELT)	3 books (Intermediate, Advanced, Essential)	2007, 2008
Elementary Language Practice	Vince Michael (MacMillan)	Elementary	2010
English: An Essential Grammar	Gerald Nelson, Routledge (London and New York)	Pre-Intermediate	2001, 2011
English Grammar in Use	Raymond murphy (Cambridge University Press)	4 editions (Intermediate and Advanced)	1994, 2004, 2012
English Grammar Practice	L.G. Alexander (Longman)	Intermediate, Upper-Intermediate	1998, 2000
English Grammar Practice intermediate Self Study Edition	L.G. ALexander (Longman Press)	Intermediate	2001
English Grammar Workbook for Dummies	Geraldine Woods (Wiley Publishing, Inc.)	Beginner	2006
First Certificate Skills: Use of English	Mark harrison (Oxford University Press)	Intermediate	2004
Focus on Advanced English CAE: Grammar Practice	Richard Walton (Longman)	Upper-Intermediate	1999
Focus on grammar	Jay maurer (Longman Pearson)	5 books (1 - Introductory, 2 - Basic, 3 - Intermediate, 4 - Hi-Intermediate, 4 - Advanced)	1998-2011
Fun with grammar	Suzanne W. Woodward (Prentice Hall Regents)	Beginner and Intermediate	1997
	Betty azar (Longman Press)	Intermediate	2003
Grammar for English Language	Martin Parrott (Cambridge University Press)	All levels	2010
Grammar for Teachers: A Guide to American English for native and non-native speakers	Andrea DeCapua (Springer)	Upper-Intermediate	2008
Grammar Friends	Tim Ward and Eileen Flannigan (Oxford University Press)	6 books (Beginner to Elementary)	2009
Grammar Lab	Kenna bourke (Oxford University Press)	3 books (Beginner to Intermediate)	2010
Grammar Plus	Roy kingsbury (Longman)	3 books (Elementary, Pre-Intermediate, Intermediate)	1995
Grammar Practice for Intermediate Students	John Eastwood, Norman Coe, Mark Harrison, Ken Paterson (Oxford University Press)	3 books	1999-2008
Grammar Spectrum	K. Paterson (Oxford University Press)	3 books (Elementary, Pre-intermediate, Intermediate)	1995
Grammar Time	Sandy jervis and maria carling (Longman Pearson)	5 books (for pupils)	2002, 2008
Grammar With Laughter	George woolard (Language Teaching Publications)	Intermediate	1999
Grammarway	Jenny Dooley & Virginia Evans (Express Publishing)	4 books (Beginner)	1999-2004
Just Enough English Grammar Illustrated	Gabriele stobbe (McGraw-Hill Education)	Beginner	2007
Language In Use	Doff Adrian, Adrian Doff, Christopher Jones (Cambridge University Press)	4 books (Beginner, Pre-Intermediate, Intermediate, Upper-intermediate)	1999, 2000
Oxford - Basic English Usage	Michael swan (Oxford University Press)	Beginner	1995
Oxford Living Grammar	Ken Paterson, Mark Harrison, and Norman Coe (Oxford University Press)	4 books (Elementary, Pre-Intermediate, Intermediate, Upper-Intermediate)	2009
Oxford practice grammar	George yule (Oxford University Press)	Advanced	2006
Oxford Practice Grammar with Answers	John Eastwood; George Yule; Norman Coe, Mark Harrison, Ken Paterson (Oxford University Press)	3 books (Basic, Intermediate, Advanced)	2006
Practical English Usage	Michael swan (Oxford University Press)	Intermediate to Advanced	2005
Round up	Virginia Evans, Prisyazhnyuk, Pilipchenko (Longman Pearson)	7 books (From Beginner to Upper-Intermediate)	2006-2014
Superbook: English Grammar from Jokes and Cartoons	Alexander Gerasimenko (KnoRus)	For adults	2008
Test It, Fix It. English Grammar	Kenna bourke (Oxford University Press)	3 books (Pre-intermediate, Intermediate, Upper-intermediate)	2003
The Good Grammar Book	Michael Swan, Catherine Walter (Oxford University Press)	Beginner and Intermediate	2009
The verbals	Drozdova T.Yu. (Anthology)	Intermediate	2008
Timesaver Grammar Activities	Jane rollason (Scholastic)	Pre-Intermediate - Intermediate	2008
Timesaver Visual Grammar	Mark Fletcher, Richard Munns (Scholastic)	Elementary-Intermediate	2004
Top 10 Great Grammar for Great Writing	Keith S. Folse (Thomson Heinle)	Intermediate	2008

Do not forget that to begin with, you need: in a textbook of the appropriate level, you will be able to come across words you already know in examples, and not waste time on translating them. Moreover, grammar rules for dummies are written in simple language and with a minimum of terminology.

In this article, we will focus on English grammar textbooks for beginners and advanced.

English grammar textbooks: in Russian or Oxford, Cambridge?

An undeniable advantage that grammar books in English have is the presentation of modern material in English.

It is good that today in the world of online stores you can get almost any book regardless of who is its author and where it is published.

The Internet is literally teeming with requests "Download English grammar textbook for free"... We're not going to talk today about copyrights being violated all over the place in the hope of finding the perfect English grammar textbook. Let's leave this question to your conscience and your discretion.

The main thing is that everyone who studies and teaches English has a choice: to study using textbooks by Russian authors or to give preference to authentic textbooks.

Books on English grammar in Russian

Books on English grammar in Russian written by our compatriots, who themselves studied English, and therefore know what difficulties you may face.

Books on English grammar in Russian have a number of advantages:

• the rules are given in Russian, your native language, which greatly simplifies their understanding and memorization;
• the ability to compare the grammatical realities of two languages: English and Russian;
• relatively low cost of domestic textbooks;
• Available in print at almost any bookstore, you can flip through this tutorial when you buy and decide if you need it.

Among the minuses, one should highlight the inauthenticity of these publications (books were written by people for whom English is a foreign language), sometimes outdated information and a large number of typos in the text are found.

The best grammar textbooks in Russian

One of the most popular books by domestic authors is considered "Practical grammar" KN Kachalova The Practical Grammar textbook consists of two volumes: first, a long theoretical part, exercises with keys follow at the end of the second book.

Practical grammar of the English language Kachalova K.N. Izrailevich E.E. download

The textbook also worked well among teachers. "English language. Grammar. Collection of exercises ”Yu.B. Golitsynsky, which presents a huge number of exercises for the entry level and above. A big plus of this textbook is the presence of exercises for Russian-English translation, however, not all students like exercises of the same type.

Textbook Grammar Yu.B. Golitsynsky download

Manual "Grammar of the English language" (by N.A. Kobrin)- an excellent reference book that scrupulously describes all the phenomena of English grammar that have no analogues in Russian. The author recommends to consolidate the material covered by performing exercises that, unfortunately, are not in the book itself. The book is written in English with many examples from British and American literature.

Kobrina English grammar download

English grammar books in English

Books on grammar by English-speaking authors are written by native speakers, so the main advantage is the reliability of the data that is present in the textbook. This is especially true for publishers such as Oxford University Press or Cambridge University, which produce specialized literature for English learners and teachers.

Other benefits of grammar books in English are:

• modern and high-quality language material;
• full immersion in the language, all explanations and tasks are given in English;
• a variety of manuals depending on the level of language proficiency, the objectives of the study;
• availability of additional materials for the textbook (teacher's book, workbook, audio, etc.).

From the English-speaking authors, the textbook should be distinguished "Oxford Practice Grammar" by John Eastwood and tiered benefits Raymond Murphy "English Grammar in Use"... In both books, the rules are introduced in the form of illustrated dialogues with a bit of explanation, and then exercises follow with reference to the rules themselves.

Perhaps, there is only one drawback of foreign textbooks - the high cost of textbooks. In addition, it is not always possible to instantly buy a book you are interested in: they are sold in certified language centers, and sometimes they are brought to order from a warehouse.

Cost of English grammar textbooks

Usually, the cheapest textbooks edited by domestic publishers are published with few pages and in paperback.

Most expensive textbooks are books on English grammar published in the UK or USA. Publishing houses of Oxford and Cambridge universities are widely known.

The lesser-known printing houses Pearson Longman (Russian Pearson Longman), Penguin Random House (Russian Penguin Random House) and Macmillan (Russian McMillian) are no worse in terms of the quality of grammatical material.

Prices for original textbooks from foreign publishers start at $ 40 for a textbook and $ 25 for a workbook.

On a note:

The price of a grammar textbook varies from 100 to 3000 rubles, depending on the quality of the printed edition, the popularity of the author and the relevance of this book.

More economical option- buy used books. The main condition is that the pages should not be filled by the previous owner.

Well, the cheapest books, of course, are generally available on the Internet, which you can download and print. Unfortunately, the quality of scanned books leaves much to be desired, which cannot be said about electronic versions of grammar textbooks.

English grammar textbooks for beginners

If you are a beginner "user" of a foreign language, then we provide you best grammar textbooks for beginners.

We decided to dwell in more detail on foreign editions so that you can learn more about the merits of Oxford and Cambridge grammar textbooks.

Essential Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy)

Any lesson in Murphy is only two pages long: on the left - theory, on the right - practical exercises

Grammar textbook "Essential Grammar in Use" Raymond Murphy is so popular that it was reprinted several times. Many students and teachers have long listed it as one of the most versatile English grammar textbooks.

The author of the textbook is Raymond Murphy (eng. Raymond murphy), a teacher from the USA with extensive experience in teaching people with different levels of language proficiency. He created a convenient and not overloaded with unnecessary information manual, which is perfect for independent study.

In fact, there are two books in this series: "red" Murphy ( Essential Grammar in Use) and “blue” Murphy ( English Grammar in Use). The books got their names from the color of the cover. Red Murphy is for levels Elementary and Pre-Intermediate, and the blue Murphy is recommended for the Intermediate level.

Each of the books in this series includes over 100 lessons (2 pages each) on a variety of grammatical topics, from easy to more complex. Illustrated explanations convey the meaning of the rules as accurately as possible, and the language of explanations is laconic and understandable even for beginners.

After each section, the publisher offers a series of exercises to consolidate and test the theoretical material understood.

The latest 4th edition pleased with the voice acting of dialogues and interactive exercises on the CD, which is sold with the textbook.

Undoubtedly, Murphy's textbook “ Essential Grammar in Use”Will delight everyone who wants to learn grammar with a minimum of effort.

Basic English Grammar

The grammar in the Basic English Grammar textbook is presented in the best traditions of a communicative approach.

"Azar Grammar Series"is a classic English grammar series that enjoys well-deserved popularity in many countries around the world.

The series consists of 3 books:

• Basic English Grammar- First level ( beginner). Focused on visuals with numerous illustrations and diagrams. For auditors, the presence of audio for the textbook will be a plus. Additional goodies: a booklet with tests and a book for the teacher.
• Fundamentals Of English Grammar- average level ( intermediate). The textbook is especially good for its tables and diagrams, they help to remember and assimilate a large amount of material at once. A huge number of examples will help you understand the use of grammatical structures in speech.
• Understanding And Using English Grammar- advanced level ( advanced). There is an audio for the textbook and a workbook. The third edition differs from the previous ones in that it places greater emphasis on the communicative aspect of English in its American version.

Learning grammar from textbooks Azar Grammar Series takes place in close connection with the development of writing, reading and speaking skills. The tutorial will be a great addition to the main one, and sometimes it can replace it.

Active grammar

Active Grammar Levels 1,2,3 textbooks contain a large number of exercises to practice and test grammar skills

The Cambridge University Press has once again pleased with a selection of grammar for different levels. The textbook was published in 2011, but relevant and interesting material pleases readers to this day.

Active Grammar Levels 1,2,3 was originally announced for teenagers. The book contains a large number of colorful illustrations: on the covers - children, inside - comics, legends and contexts on history, geography and other subjects that are usually found in schools.

However, the presentation of grammar material in Active Grammar 1-3 is quite suitable for adults with a wide variety of levels. Written by Fiona Davis and Fine Rimmer Fiona Davis, Wayne Rimmer) assume the following calibration of benefits by level:

• Active Grammar 1 certification levels A1-A2 ( beginner- elementary)
• Active Grammar 2 certification levels B1-B2 ( pre-intermediate - intermediate)
• Active Grammar 3 certification levels C1-C2 ( upper-intermediate - advanced)

Active Grammar Level 1 covers all the grammar taught at the beginner levels, and provides complete and comprehensive information to answer any of your questions.

The advantages of the book are undoubtedly the clarity and simplicity of explaining the rules through informative texts and presentations, the availability of practical recommendations and a large amount of consolidation exercises. The exercises are also suitable for students preparing for exams Cambridge ESOL .

All books in the Active Grammar series contain many additional materials for viewing (section My test!), as well as tests for self-control. At the end of the book there are answers, vocabulary, and reference tables.

Fascinating texts on geography, history and science include facts about the modern world, which allows you to expand your horizons and, along with grammar, tighten your active vocabulary.

Oxford Practice Grammar Basic

Oxford Practice Grammar Basic is a great all-round grammar guide for beginners.

Books series Oxford Practice Grammar(authors Norman Coe, Mark Harrison, Ken Paterson) is sometimes often confused with the edition of the same name Oxford Practice Grammar John Eastwood (eng. John Eastwood), but these are completely different books.

The Eastwood Grammar Guide is intended for intermediate students, while Oxford Practice Grammar series consists of three books:

• (beginner- elementary)
• Oxford Practice Grammar Intermediate (pre-intermediate-intermediate)
• Oxford Practice Grammar Advanced (upper-intermediate-advanced)

Manual Oxford Practice Grammar Basic will certainly delight you with the brevity and accessibility of explanations. The book presents all the necessary grammatical structures for those who have just started learning English or are preparing for the delivery.

The rules are given in context in the form of illustrated dialogues, color schemes and tables. Funky illustrations bring the textbook to life, giving it a truly English charm.

Carefully selected exercises are usually 1 to 2 pages long and are presented in a simple to complex order. In the tutorial Oxford Practice Grammar Basic there is also a system of intermediate tests that will help you track your progress on your own.

At the end of the manual there is a rather large amount of additional materials: a short grammar reference, control testing on topics, keys, a table of contents.

The CD was a nice bonus to the tutorial. Practice-Plus with interactive listening, reading, writing exercises and quizzes. It is worth noting that on the disc you will not find the grammar exercises you are used to, but you will certainly see how grammar works in speech.

Textbook Oxford Practice Grammar Basic Definitely worth a try in class or for self-study.

English grammar. Intermediate tutorials

If with books on English grammar for beginners everything is more or less clear (they have a huge number of illustrations and diagrams), then grammar textbooks for Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate levels must be deprived of such merit. Or not?

Let's take a closer look at which grammar textbooks are suitable for the intermediate level.

Round-up 3, 4

Each Round-Up tutorial is designed for a specific level with tasks of different types of difficulty.

Grammar Textbook Series Round-up represented by six books for levels from beginner before upper-intermediate... This textbook, edited by Virginia Evans, has many grammar tables, vivid illustrations, and practice assignments.

There are a lot of pictures and funny drawings in the textbook Round-up at any level, which allows visuals to memorize information better, children - to “grasp” new material, and adults - to get a little distracted from daily worries and with a child's ease immerse themselves in the fascinating world of a foreign language.

Each subsequent tutorial in the series Round-up provides students with an in-depth and versatile understanding of grammar. Tutorials Round-up designed to suit the age of the learner and the different learning styles.

The main advantage of books for levels pre-intermediate and intermediate (Round-Up 3, 4) is a detailed presentation of grammatical material with numerous examples of use.

The exercises are very varied. Of course, there are standard openings of brackets and filling in gaps, but there are also exercises aimed at training grammar rules in everyday situations. Their number is large and the monotony will not be boring!

An interesting fact is that some topics overlap in the next level textbook, but always contain more detailed information or in-depth immersion in the topic being studied. This enables students to improve their previously acquired knowledge.

In addition, I would like to note the presence of excellent reference material at the end of the textbook (phrasal verbs, prepositions, word formation). All books in this series are accompanied by a teacher's book.

Despite the fact that Round-Up 1, 2 books were designed more for children and adolescents (they have a huge number of vivid illustrations), Round-Up 3, 4 tutorials will delight adults with the seriousness of the material presented.

Grammarway

In the Grammaway textbook, you can find material to review after every five sections.

This grammatical edition is also edited by Virginia Evans and is similar to the previous textbook. Round-up in the order of submission of the material. The difference is that the Grammaway is more suitable for high school students.

Grammarway Tutorial 1-4 from Express Publishing represented by four books:

• Grammarway 1(for level Beginner)
• Grammarway 2(for level Elementary)
• Grammarway 3(for level Pre-Intermediate)
• Grammarway 4(for level Intermediate)

The rules duplicate each other in all books, they only gradually increase. The book is written in English, but the material is presented clearly and easily.

In this textbook you will find all the main points of English grammar, which is studied in grades 5-11: the tenses system, modal verbs, passive voice, countable / uncountable nouns, all types of questions, etc.

In the tutorial Grammarway 3 there are many exercises to practice grammar in speaking and writing. After every five sections, there are materials for repetition on the topics covered. At the end of the book, there are excellent communication games that few people know about. The manual also includes a teacher's book with guidelines and keys.

Textbook "Grammarway" presents himself as "self-study", that is, for self-study. At a certain level of training, of course, you can use this textbook as a simulator, but without preparation it is better not to take on this textbook yourself - it will still be more correct if at least some basics are explained by the teacher.

Grammar Spectrum

Grammar Spectrum 1,2,3 grammar textbook is one of the few that offers fun communicative grammar assignments

Spectrum English Tutorial authors Sandra Costinette and Donald Byrd (eng. Sandra Costinett, Donald R. H. Byrd) is practically unfamiliar to a wide audience, but the addition to it Grammar Spectrum turned out to be more in demand and popular.

Grammar Book Series Grammar Spectrum 1,2,3 consists of three books: for basic, pre-intermediate and sufficient levels.

Each book can be used as a reference and a complete grammar textbook or as a supplement to a textbook of the same level.

The structure of the Grammar Spectrum books is somewhat similar to the more famous Murphy's textbook, except that it does not contain illustrated pictures when introducing the rules.

The explanations are given briefly in the form of reference circuits and a large number of examples. The exercises, although they take one to one and a half pages, are quite capacious and thoughtful.

The main advantage of the textbook Grammar Spectrum 2 is the compliance with the curriculum of most communication aids in English, be it English Files, Speakout or English Results.

At the end of the book there are a number of goodies for students: tables of times and a short set of rules for their education, exit tests and keys.

Focus on Grammar Intermediate

Focus on Grammar is considered one of the best grammar textbooks.

Textbook Focus on Grammar from Longman is without a doubt the best English grammar course. It consists of 5 books for all levels:

• Focus on Grammar 1(Introductory)
• Focus on Grammar 2(Basic)
• Focus on Grammar 3(Intermediate)
• Focus on Grammar 4(Hi-Intermediate)
• Focus on Grammar 4(Advanced)

The series has already gone through four editions, which speaks of its versatility and recognition on the part of students and teachers.

Focus on Grammar is a living integrated textbook built in the best traditions of the communicative approach. It contains various exercises not only for grammar, but also for listening, reading and writing.

For level Pre-Intermediate textbook materials are suitable Focus on Grammar 2, 3... Each of these manuals contains 2 textbooks: a student book with an audio CD and a workbook with keys. Teacher's book ( Teacher "s Manual) with answers to Student Book is also present.

The theory in the textbook is presented in the form of clear presentations and diagrams, followed by exercises to understand the rules and tasks to practice grammar skills.

The workbook contains a colossal amount of additional exercises, so be sure you will spend more than one week studying.

To track the progress of training, an impressive collection of diagnostic and control tests with answers is provided for teachers, and for students - student interactive disc... Even a test generator has been added to the latest edition, which greatly individualizes the learning process and makes the teacher's work easier.

At the end of the book for students, you can see multi-page appendices (from formations of tenses to rules for the formation of word forms), a list of grammatical terms, tests with keys.

Self-study guide in English grammar for the Advanced level

So, you are already an advanced user of the language! However, this is not a reason to complete the training and not improve further. Grammar is a delicate matter: the more you know, the less you seem to be able to.

To feel like a real pro in English, do not forget to look at the following at your leisure grammar textbooks for the Upper-Intermediate and Advanced levels and to prepare for international exams IELTS, CAE, CPE.

Cambridge Grammar for IELTS

The most compelling benefit of the Cambridge Grammar for IELTS is the audition assignments.

Self-study grammar Cambridge Grammar for IELTS was written by two well-known English authors: Diana Hopkins and Pauline Koolen (eng. Diana Hopkins, Pauline Cullen). This grammar textbook is an indispensable aid at the levels Upper-Intermediate and Advanced .

The book has everything for those planning to take the international exam: an overview of the grammatical minimum for IELTS test, numerous exercises for practicing it, assignments for developing listening and reading skills.

An introduction to a grammatical topic is given with the help of small communicative tasks, which allows you to initially “feel” the grammatical phenomenon. The theory itself is presented in simple understandable language and is replete with a large number of examples that are immediately striking.

Answers and audio track recordings are presented at the end of the book, so you don't have to puzzle over whether you answered correctly. For using the book in lessons with a teacher, there is also a version without keys.

The textbook includes IELTS tasks for both modules ( Academic and General), which makes it almost universal when preparing for this exam.

Advanced Grammar in Use

Advanced Grammar in Use is rich in grammar rules

Many people mistakenly attribute the tutorial Advanced Grammar in Use(Cambridge publishing house) to the previously mentioned Raymond Murphy.

Indeed, this tutorial is similar in structure to Red and Blue Murphy. In the book, grammar material is divided into 120 chapters, each of which is two pages: rules on the left, and practice exercises on the right. Illustrated explanations have replaced schematics and sketches.

Self-instruction book Advanced Grammar in Use, namely, this is how the author Martin Hewins characterizes it, is designed for students with a high level of language ( Upper-Intermediate and above), so in it you will not find the rules of how it is formed or what they are.

The theoretical material is given very succinctly and intensively, the size of one page is clearly not enough to present it in full. Therefore, the author has highlighted an additional section at the end of the tutorial called Grammar Reminder and re-emphasized important key points.

There are not so many exercises in this manual, and even the “Additional Exercises” section will not help you with a thorough study of voluminous information. Among the tasks, self-control exercises prevail (find a mistake, correct a sentence, etc.), which should please students planning to take international exams FCE, IELTS.

A nice bonus that few people who take a book for the first time know about is the Learning Planner. Study Planner). By performing this test yourself, you can see what problem areas you have by checking your answers against the keys. The tutorial will tell you where to look for the information you are interested in.

In general, the textbook is rich in grammar rules, which are described very scrupulously, with all the pitfalls and exceptions. If you are already an advanced user of the language and want to work on complex grammatical material, then Advanced Grammar in Use For you!

Grammar Scan

In Michael Swan's Grammar Scan, you will not find explanations or rules, only English grammar tests.

Grammar Scan (Diagnostic Tests for Practical English Usage)- an interesting manual that differs from most textbooks and reference books on English grammar.

If you are already familiar with the books of this author, you will have noticed that everything that Michael Swan does, he does well. His new three-level grammar course ( Oxford English Grammar Course Advanced) has won multiple awards and is the best-selling textbook.

Grammar Scan Manual is primarily a collection of tests for the Practical English Usage textbook (year of publication 2005), which will help you understand where to go next. The collection contains various tasks by level: Upper-Intermediate(29 tests), Advanced(29 tests) and Expert(30 tests).

The colossal advantage of these tests is the link to the grammar reference: what you read about in the textbook Practical English Usage, can be checked in the test, and vice versa, the test will help to identify gaps in knowledge.

Rest assured, each test focuses on a deep test in every grammatical topic, be it adjectives, articles or. The tests themselves are outrageously diverse, and will not leave you indifferent. There are clues at the end of the tutorial for you to test yourself.

Grammar Scan can be used both for self-monitoring and in the classroom to diagnose learning outcomes

Cambridge Grammar for CAE and Proficiency

The Cambridge Grammar for CAE and Proficiency textbook is beautifully structured, with room for both theory and practice. But its special value lies in the training tests for CAE and CPE.

Textbook Cambridge Grammar for CAE and Proficiency Martin Hewings is considered one of the best grammar books for the advanced level. This book provides the necessary amount of grammar that is tested in exams. SAE and CPE.

Each of the 25 sections consists of several parts: an introduction to the topic through listening to audio, an explanation of grammatical phenomena, and exercises to practice and test.

At the end of each section, there is always a test with examination tasks similar to those that you will find when passing the CAE and CPE. Verification tests can include reading module, listening module (sometimes alternating), grammar test and creative assignment ( writing)

In the book Cambridge Grammar for CAE and Proficiency problem areas are perfectly represented, in the theoretical part they are marked with a "!" Paying attention to them, you can avoid mistakes on the exam. The rules themselves are given in great detail, but in simple language, and with typical British precision. It is also very valuable to have numerous examples with academic vocabulary on typical exam topics.

Keys, grammar reference and transcript of audio recordings for three CDs - all this is also present. The simplicity with which it is done textbook "Cambridge Grammar for CAE and Proficiency", does not in any way combine with the seriousness of the information that is in this guide.

The book "Cambridge Grammar for CAE and Proficiency" can be used not only in preparation for exams, but also as a desktop reference if your level Upper-Intermediate or Advanced .

Best English textbooks for kids

It is believed that children learn foreign languages ​​faster and better, so it is a very good idea to introduce them to learning English from childhood. But, if you have read the article, then you know that you need to explain grammar to a child in a completely different way than to an adult.

What are grammar textbooks for children worth buying to interest the child?

Grammar Friends

Grammar Friends grammar textbook with interactive CD-ROM for primary grades (ages 6 to 12) provides an opportunity to practice English grammar skills and improve English proficiency

Grammar Friends School Guide (Oxford University Press, 2009) is a textbook with which children will definitely find a common language with English grammar!

The author of these books is Tim Ward (eng. Tim ward), who was tasked with developing a complementary grammar course to his beloved textbook series Family and Friends 1-7(author Naomi simmons). And he did it just brilliantly!

Step-by-step grammar presentations in Grammar Friends 1-7 present the education, use and content of structures so that even a beginner can easily understand and remember what they read.

Familiar contexts and situations using basic vocabulary allow students to focus on learning grammar rules.

Review sections provide additional practice to reinforce the knowledge gained on the topic covered. There is also a disc on which there are additional exercises and tests for even more independent work at home.

The main features of Grammar Friends 1-7:

• a clear step-by-step explanation of grammar for younger students and a detailed study of the knowledge gained;
• effective study of the grammatical structure of a language in a different context, using the example of everyday life situations;
• this manual can be confidently combined with other manuals;
• sections for consolidating the acquired knowledge and additional practice;
• additional exercises and tests on an interactive CD-ROM to motivate, inspire students, and develop independence !;
• the teacher's book contains instructional accompanying materials, including answers and tests.

Textbook Grammar Friends helps to build confidence in the knowledge gained, written exercises, moving from easy to more difficult, provide reinforcement of students' knowledge.

Picture grammar for children starter

Colorful illustrations in the textbook Picture grammar for children starter will not let the child get bored and he will want to return to this textbook again

Picture Grammar for Children from the publisher Macmillan is a lively and colorful textbook series of 5 books for beginners. The tutorial is fun and easy to use, and learning is easy and effortless, even if used in parallel with any other course.

The grammar is presented in an original and attractive way, with many vocabulary-rich thematic spreads followed by a variety of skill exercises. The game moment, which is important in teaching children, is present in the textbook in full.

Key features of the Picture Grammar for Children are:

• vocabulary and grammar are introduced side by side in meaningful contexts;
• highly illustrated thematic sections are carefully selected to reflect the interests of the learners;
• there is a balance between exercises that the student performs under the supervision of the teacher and those that allow the student to use the language creatively;
• sections for self-control provide an opportunity to consolidate knowledge and their further application;
• students can work through sections of the textbook in order or in any order they choose.

Textbook Picture grammar for children starter the child will definitely like it. Despite the fact that the tasks are formulated in English, you should not worry that the child may not understand what he needs to do.

Colorful illustrations in the textbook will not let the child get bored and he will want to return to this textbook again and again.

Grammar Goals

Grammar Goals has sample exam assignments to help you prepare better for PET.

Grammar Goals from Macmillan ELT, a new six-level English grammar course for children ages 6-12.

Great illustrations, simple and clear explanations of grammar phenomena, interesting examples, selected for the age and interests of the students, and a variety of exercises make learning grammar a fun experience!

Benefit for each level Grammar Goals 1-6 is divided into 10 sections and assumes not only the grammatical side of the language, but also the regional and simply interesting for children. This textbook also has examples of exam tasks and will teach your child to write emails, articles and even summaries according to the rules.

Tasks in each section are represented by three levels of difficulty Bronze, Silver and Gold, which not only increases the motivation of students, but also contributes to the development of such universal educational actions as planning, reflection, self-control and self-esteem.

The first three levels Grammar Goals 1,2,3 can serve as an effective grammar companion aid to any elementary school curriculum, levels 4-6 can be used as a complementary grammar aid in grades 5-7.

Key features of the Grammar Goals tutorial:

• carefully structured exercise system is ideal for work in groups with different levels of preparation of students;
• exam assignments allow you to use the manual as an initial stage of preparation for the final attestation at school or for international level exams Starter – B1 ;
• the format of the assignments promotes the development of critical thinking and meta-subject skills and abilities;
• special attention is paid to the development of skills in writing, namely the ability to write an email message, a story, a letter of a personal nature, compose a description, etc.;
• The CD-ROM for each textbook contains 50 additional interactive exercises; a picture dictionary is included in the CD-ROM for level 1–4 textbooks.

Rest assured, Grammar Goals tutorial with its logical sequence of assignments will be an excellent assistant in English lessons in the wilds of English grammar.

The grammar lab

The three-level textbook "The Grammar Lab" contains unique illustrations by the children's artist Corky Pavel

Course "The Grammar Lab"(Oxford University Press), designed to teach English as a foreign language for children between the ages of nine and twelve.

The tutorial covers beginner and intermediate levels and is divided into three books. Written by Kenna Burke (eng. Kenna bourke) considers both possibilities of using it: in the classroom in lessons with a teacher and independently. Each student's book is accompanied by a teacher's book.

but The Grammar Lab 1-3 It is not a complete textbook, it only supplements the grammar with more detailed examples, explanations and exercises. You can use the sections of the book in any order, depending on the topic that interests you.

The lovable characters and their funny dialogues attract kids with ease. The beautiful illustrations by children's artist Corky Paul make the books attractive and fun.

Key features of The Grammar Lab textbook:

• Each chapter is devoted to a different grammar topic;
• Teaches grammar rules in short, easy steps;
• Each step is followed by simple exercises;
• Footnotes and exercises to review;
• Lots of written and oral exercises, with the ability to write directly in the textbook;
• All vocabulary is used in context.

To decide if this tutorial is right for you, you need to work with it for a month. And perhaps it is The grammar lab will be the best grammar textbook for you.

Download the best books for learning English on your own

If you plan to study with an e-book, then the best option is to download a digital copy of it.

Modern publishers have already realized that it is impossible to fight Internet piracy, so they have long since digitized their best grammar books in .pdf format and put them online for download at a low cost.

The quality of the digitized textbooks is perfect, which cannot be said about the scanned books, but the benefits are the same. If you wish, you can always print the manual and work with it as with a regular textbook.

Some people still prefer the digital version of their favorite book, so that it is always at hand anywhere. We have already written where you can read books online in the article, and today we will talk about sites where you can download English grammar textbooks without registration.

Alleng.me

At Alleng.me you can download English grammar textbooks and other fiction in English.

On the Alleng.me website you can find grammar textbooks and not only.

This resource has a huge database of English textbooks, ranging from textbooks for children, ending with aids for preparing for international exams.

In order to download the tutorial you do not need to register.

Ego4u

You can download grammar textbooks on the Ego4u website without registration

The English-language resource Ego4u offers not only grammar books without registration, but also interactive exercises in English.

English Grammar Online provides you with materials for successful mastering of English. On the left, you can select the category you need and practice.

In the Grammar section you can find and download some types of textbooks. The site is also interesting in that you are provided with a dictionary so that you do not have to open other resources.

Finally

We tried to choose for you the best English grammar textbooks of course this is not the final list! Remember that grammar is the most important aspect in learning English.

It takes a lot of time to master it, and a good textbook or reference book will be a good helper in this difficult matter.

In the following articles, we will tell you on which sites you can practice your knowledge of English grammar and where to prepare for international exams.

In contact with

English grammar for beginners seems overwhelming. Articles, pronouns, verbs - the English language has a huge number of rules that are not so easy to translate into Russian. Hence doubts arise, is it worth starting at all? Is it worth diving into English grammar without some certainty that you can master it? No, with such an attitude, you will definitely not be able to swim far in study. Therefore, it is important to discard all doubts and stereotypes. Believe me, English grammar can be learned independently and in no time. All that is required of you is constancy and perseverance, and with everything else we will help you.

First, let's figure out what the grammar of this language is. The English grammar or English grammar is a set of all the rules that relate to prepositions, prefixes, parts of speech, types of English verbs and their tenses, sentence members, and so on.

In simple words, everything that is in the English language is its grammar. Accordingly, a frequent question about how to learn grammar , has a very simple answer: to learn English grammar, you just need to learn that language. Of course, it will not work to make out all the nuances in one article. Why, even books that promise to show you all the grammar of the English language from scratch with exercises, in fact, will never tell you about the whole grammar. Therefore, we have collected only the most basic rules that are best suited for beginners.

How can you learn English grammar without even knowing the pronunciation rules? Let's start with them. The rules for reading letters in English - the topic is quite extensive, since with a certain combination, their pronunciation can change. However, let's not go too deep and consider the standard pronunciation of letters, which, by the way, in English, 26. When mastering the topic of pronunciation, special attention is paid to transcription, which, as a rule, is indicated in square brackets:

№	Letter	Transcription	Pronunciation
1	A a		Hey
2	B b		bi
3	C c		si
4	D d		di
5	E e		and
6	F f		eff
7	G g		ji
8	H h		heych
9	I i		ah
10	J j		jay
11	K k		kay
12	L l		e-mail
13	M m		Em
14	N n	[ɛn]	en
15	O o	[əʊ]	OU
16	P p		pi
17	Q q		q
18	R r	[ɑː]	a
19	S s		es
20	T t		ti
21	U u		Yu
22	V v		in and
23	W w	[‘Dʌbljuː]	double
24	X x		the ex
25	Y y		wye
26	Z z		zed

English grammar: articles

When studying the grammar of the English language, there can be a lot of confusion with, since they have no analogues in Russian. Articles, as a rule, are used with nouns in order to indicate whether we are talking about a specific object (that bag) or an indefinite ((some) person). In total, there are 3 types of articles:

1. Zero article or lack thereof:

1. The indefinite article a / an, which is used when you are not paying attention to a certain thing, but simply talking about the subject as a whole. The indefinite article is also used when you first mention something to the other person:

Note that if the noun or adjective that describes it begins with a consonant, the article "a" is used, and if it begins with a vowel, "an".

1. The definite article the, expressing specific objects:

In speech, they are constantly encountered, so they must be remember.

Nouns in English grammar

English grammar from scratch very often starts with nouns. Perhaps this is because nouns in English have a lot in common with Russians. For instance:

• they are also divided into proper and common:

• can vary numerically, forming a plural with the ending -s (-es):

• have cases, although their number is limited to only two:

• perform the roles of all members of the proposal, examples:

The difference is that, unlike the Russian language, English nouns do not change in gender. Only pronouns have it.

English grammar: pronouns

Pronouns in English are divided into 9 subgroups, but personal pronouns are rightfully the most popular. They vary in cases, times and numbers:

English grammar: verbs

The verb in English is perhaps the main part of speech. He can be personal and impersonal. Personal verbs are those that are used with all persons and in all tenses. They can be used in both the real and the passive voice:

The impersonal ones include the gerund, infinitive and participle:

Both regular and irregular verbs have 3 forms. The correct ones are formed as follows:

The wrong ones have 3 individual forms that need to be memorized, for example:

It is necessary to know all these forms, since with the help of them the formation of temporal verb forms occurs.

In addition, verbs have three moods:

Particular attention should be paid to modal verbs. Modal verbs are verbs that are not used on their own. They are necessary to show the speaker's attitude to some action. Some of the most commonly used modal verbs are:

should	You should stop drinking alcohol. (You need to stop drinking.)
can (can)	Every person can achieve everything he dreams about. (Everyone can achieve whatever they dream of.)
must (must)	The pupils must wear uniforms here. (Students are required to wear uniforms here.)
have to (necessary / necessary)	I have to wake up early because of work. (I have to get up early because of work.)
need (need)	I need you like no one else. (I need you like no one else.)
used to (formerly)	I used to watch this cartoon when I was a child. ((Formerly) I watched this cartoon when I was a kid.)

English grammar: adjectives

An adjective in English denotes a feature of an object and answers the questions "what?" and "whose?" In simple terms, it is used to describe objects and persons. By their structure, adjectives are divided into 3 groups:

These and other adjectives can be used in 3 degrees of comparison:

English grammar: adverbs

The descriptive function is also typical for adverbs that are responsible for expressing the sign of action. It can be of several types:

They can also have degrees of comparison:

English grammar: numerals

Numerals, as in Russian, are quantitative and ordinal:

Except for the first 3 digits, the rest of the ordinal numbers are formed using -th (-eth). In English ordinal numbers can be written using a number and the last two letters of the ending: second - 2 nd, ninth - 9 th, sixteenth - 16 th, and so on.

English grammar: interjections

It should be noted the independent part of speech, the use of which helps to convey emotions and feelings, namely interjections. They can be divided into 3 groups:

Service parts of speech

Service parts of the English grammar are used quite often. Let's consider some of them:

• Unions connect members of a sentence, as well as simple sentences in a complex one. By structure, they are divided into:

According to their functions, they will be subdivided into compositional and subordinate:

• Prepositions are used as often as conjunctions. By their structure, they are divided into exactly the same groups:

In addition to their main purpose, prepositions are always used with the following verbs:

• Particles are another service part of speech. There are as many as 5 types of particles in English:

English grammar: word order in a sentence

Sentences in English are affirmative, negative and interrogative. They are built as follows:

These tables are used to draw up proposals at any time.

English grammar: tenses

There are 12 temporary forms in English. They are formed using 3 times and 4 temporary types:

Times / Views	Simple	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
Past (past)	V2	to be (in the past) + V-ing	had + V3	had + been + V-ing
Present	V1	to be (present) + V-ing	have / has + V3	have / has + been + V-ing
Future (future)	will + V1	will be + V-ing	will + have + V3	will + have + been + V-ing

Knowing these forms, you will be able to form any sentences.

English grammar: types of sentences

By the way, about the proposals. As in Russian, English sentences are divided into simple and complex. Complex ones are subdivided into complex and complex.

It is worth noting that, despite the fact that mostly sentences in English are complete, it is permissible to use incomplete sentences. As a rule, this option is used in colloquial speech, so it is rather a practical grammar of the English language:

These were the basic rules of grammar. Of course, it is, alas, impossible to fit all the material here. However, knowing at least the mentioned rules of the English language, you will already feel quite confident during a conversation. As for the conversations. A collection of exercises in English or other descriptive information is, of course, good. However, believe me, practical English grammar cannot be compared to anything else in its effectiveness. Language learners can learn much more through communication than they can by sitting at a book. So feel free to chat with native speakers.

English grammar is a set of rules that relate to prepositions, different parts of speech, types of English verbs and their tenses, sentence members, and so on. In a word, everything that allows you to compose statements from individual words is English grammar.

Articles

Articles have no analogues in Russian. They are used with nouns to show the concreteness or ambiguity of the thing in question.

In total, there are 3 types of articles:

• Zero article or lack thereof

  Example: Books make people smart. - Books make people smarter.

• The indefinite article a or an, which is used when it comes to the subject as a whole, there is no need to focus on a particular thing. The indefinite article is also used when a thing is mentioned for the first time in a speech. If the noun or adjective that describes it begins with a consonant, the article "a" is used, and if with a vowel, "an" is used.

  Examples: Could you give me a pen? - Could you give me (any) pen? We watched an amazing film yesterday. - Yesterday we saw an amazing movie.

• The definite article the used with specific items.

  Example: I want to put on the dress you gave me. - I want to wear the dress that you gave me.

Nouns

In English grammar, the rules for using nouns as parts of speech have much in common with the rules of Russian grammar.

• They are also divided into proper and common nouns.

  Examples Own: Russia (Russia), Ann (Anna).
  Common nouns: a toy (toy), a house (house).

• May vary numerically, forming the plural with the ending -s (-es).

  Examples: pencil - pencils, face - faces.

• They have cases, although their number is limited to only two.

  Common case - base / vocabulary form
  Example: Have you heard the news? - Have you heard the news?

  Possessive (apostrophe + s)
  Example: I’m sure it was Jim’s idea. “I'm sure it was Jim's idea.

• They can act as all members of the proposal.

  Subject: The story made me cry. - This story made me cry.

  Circumstance: We are going to London tomorrow. “We're going to London tomorrow.

  Addition: He has borrowed some money. - He borrowed some money.

However, according to the rules of grammar in English, nouns cannot be masculine, feminine or neuter, as in Russian. They are not classified by gender.

Pronouns

Pronouns in English are divided into 9 subgroups, but the most popular are rightfully personal pronouns. They vary in cases, times and numbers:

They have no idea you like her. “They don’t know you like her.

We told him everything. - We told him everything.

You know me better than anyone else. “You know me best.

Verbs

The verb (verb) in English grammar is one of the main parts of speech.

• The verb can be personal or impersonal.

  The personal ones are those verbs that change according to persons, numbers and tenses. They can be used in both the real and the passive voice.

  Examples of
  We learnt a lot of new things. - We have learned a lot of new things.
  The task should be done. - The task should be done.

  The impersonal ones include:

  Gerund - V-ing
  Example: I heard you singing. - I heard you sing.

  Infinitive - initial form (to V)
  Example: They want to go home. - They want to go home.

  Communion 1 - V-ing
  Example: Having learned the truth, we couldn’t believe it. “Having learned the truth, we could not believe it.

  Communion 2 - V-ed for regular verbs or a change in the root of a word for irregular.
  Example: Her heart was broken. - Her heart was broken.

• The verb can be correct or incorrect. Both those and others have 3 forms.

  The correct ones are formed as follows:

  Infinitive V1: start
  Past Simple V2 (Past undefined): start + ed = started
  Past Participle V3: start + ed = started

  Wrong ones have 3 individual forms in which the root of the word can change:

  Infinitive V1: forgive
  Past Simple V2: forgave
  Past Participle V3 (Past participle): forgiven

• Verbs in English grammar, as in Russian, have three moods.

  Indicative
  Example: We make a contribution to the scientific development. - We contribute to the development of science.

  Subjunctive
  Example: I wish we made a contribution to the scientific development. - I would like us to contribute to the development of science.

  Imperative
  Example: Make a contribution to the scientific development. - Contribute to the development of science.

• A separate group of verbs is modal verbs. They are not used on their own, their role is to show the speaker's attitude to some action.

  Some of the most commonly used modal verbs are: should, can, must, have to, need, used to.

  You should stop drinking alcohol. - You need to stop drinking.

  Every person can achieve everything he dreams about. - Everyone can achieve everything they dream about.

  All students must wear uniform here. - Here all students are required to wear a uniform.

  I have to wake up early on Saturdays. - I have to get up early on Saturdays.

  I need you like no one else. - I need you like no one else.

  I used to watch this cartoon when I was a child. - (Before) I watched this cartoon when I was a kid.

Adjectives

An adjective in English grammar, as well as in Russian, denotes a feature of a subject and answers the questions "which one?"

• By structure, adjectives are divided into 3 groups.

  Simple: happy

  Derivatives: suffix or prefix: expressive

  Difficult: two or more basics: six-page

• Adjectives are used in three degrees of comparison.

  Positive: sad

  Comparative: sadder

  Superb: the saddest

Adverbs

For adverbs, as well as for adjectives, a descriptive function is also characteristic.

According to the expression of the sign of action, they are divided into adverbs:

• Places: here, there, nowhere, anywhere, inside, outside

  Times: now (now), then (then), when (when), today (today), yesterday (yesterday), tomorrow (tomorrow), before (before), always (always), seldom (sometimes), usually (usually )

  Measures and degrees: much, little, very, enough, almost, approximately, nearly

  Mode of action: fast, slowly, easily, well

• Adverbs can also have degrees of comparison.

  Positive: easy

  Comparative: easier

  Superb: the easiest

Numerals

Numerals in English grammar occupy the same place as in Russian grammar.

• They are quantitative and ordinal.

  Quantitative: one (one), two (two), three (three), four (four), five (five), etc.

  Ordinal: first (first), second (second), third (third), fourth (fourth), fifth (fifth), etc.

Starting with the number four, ordinal numbers are formed by appending the ending -th (-eth).

Interjections

In English grammar there is also an independent part of speech, the use of which helps convey emotions and sensations, namely, interjections. Interjections are divided into many groups, but these divisions are conditional.

Examples of interjections: Hurray! (Hurray!), Ouch! (Oops!), Wow! (Wow!), Hush! (Hush!), Hey! (Hey!) Hist! (Tc!), Hello? (Hello?), Bye! (Till!).

Service parts of speech

Alliances

They connect the members of a sentence in English grammar, as well as simple sentences in a complex one.

• By structure, they are divided into:

  Simple: and (and)

  Derivatives: because

  Difficult: whereas (while)

  Compound: in order to

• By function they are subdivided into:

  Writing

  Example: We meet every Monday and learn the rules from a book called Math For Dummies. “We meet every Monday and learn the rules from a book called Math for Dummies.

  Subordinate

  Example: You should learn the language because it’ll help you to find a job in the future. - You should study the language, as it will help you find a job in the future.

Prepositions

• By structure, they are divided into the same groups as the unions:

  Simple: about (about)

  Derivatives: depending on

  Complex: within

  Composite: instead of (instead of)

In addition to their main purpose, prepositions are always used with some verbs: to wait for (wait), to listen to (listen), to look for (meaning “to look for”), to belong to (belong).

Particles

Particles are used to form phrasal verbs, phrases. There is no exact classification of particles in English.

Examples of particles: along, away, back, by, down, forward, in, off, on, out, over, round, under, up ..

Offers

English grammar, in contrast to Russian, maintains a strict word order in sentences.

• Sentences in English are affirmative, negative and interrogative.

  Affirmative:

  1. Subject
  2. Predictable (semantic verb or auxiliary + semantic)
  3. Minor members of the proposal

  Negative:

  1. Subject
  2. Auxiliary verb
  3. The not particle
  4. Semantic verb
  5. Minor members of the proposal

  Interrogative (general question):

  1. Auxiliary verb
  2. Subject
  3. Semantic verb
  4. Minor members of the proposal

  According to this scheme, proposals are made at any time.

• English sentences are divided into simple and complex. Complicated are subdivided into compound and subordinate.

  Simple

  Example: John has many friends. - John has many friends.

  Compound

  Example: John has many friends, and he likes them very much. - John has many friends, and he loves them very much.

  Complicated

  Example: John has many friends although he isn’t really popular at school. - John has many friends, although he is not very popular at school.

Time

There are 12 tenses in English grammar, which are formed from 3 tenses and 4 temporal types (aspects):

Imagine that you need to start something completely new to you right now. For example, get behind the wheel of a car, bake pies for the first time, bathe a newborn in a bathtub. Where do you start? The options are:

1. I'll take it and do it, what's the problem.
2. First I read on the Internet or in books how to do it.
3. Call a friend who is experienced in the business.
4. Help from the audience (I will ask someone else).
5. Learn from a professional.
6. I will not do it.

The option that you choose characterizes you very vividly. If we are talking about English grammar, then depending on which way you prefer above, the following is expected:

1. Bugaga (these are the teachers and the English who have heard your speech in English laugh).
2. By adding patience and time to this, you will learn all the rules on your own.
3. Add to this the patience of a friend and his time, you will learn all the rules under his guidance.
4. You will not learn anything, but you will listen to how others do it.
5. By adding money to this, you will learn all the rules.
6. You can go skiing, meet friends in a cafe, sleep, eat - in general, life is good.

As you can see, in order to understand English grammar, in theory, only three things are needed: the source of the rules, time and patience. The first one is offered to you in these articles, but the other two components will have to be dealt with on your own.

Thus, we give you a fishing rod, and you will catch the fish yourself. What is the beauty of our rod? The fact that it is lightweight, comfortable and easy to use. We will not load you with terrible grammar terms, torment you with long lists, flickering arrows, A4 spreadsheets and other wisdom that some English teachers frighten.

There is nothing particularly difficult about English grammar, unlike many other European languages ​​(not to mention Eastern and African). You can simply read these articles like a fiction book. Even if you digest the minimum, at the finish line you will find that you have mastered most of the rules that previously seemed overwhelming.

As an example, let's do something already in the introductory part. What does speech consist of? From phrases. What does the phrase consist of? From the proposals. What does the offer consist of? Stop! Let's clarify: what does the ENGLISH sentence consist of? Subject and predicate. Usually this is a noun and a verb (just don’t say that you don’t remember these words anymore): a dog runs, a passer-by is shouting, a dog is barking, the owner is yelling. True, the noun can be successfully replaced by a pronoun: she runs, you scream, she barks, I scream.

You just listened to the roundup lecture on parts of speech. What do you remember? At least the words "noun" and "verb" for you are already associated with grammar, and not cooking or construction and installation work. And more is not needed yet. Are you ready to continue in the same rhythm?

Follow me.

Parts of speech:

1. Numbers(The Numeral)
1.1 Cardinal and ordinal numbers
2. Pronouns(The Pronoun)
2.1 Personal and possessive pronouns
2.2 Demonstrative and negative pronouns
2.3 Indefinite and reflexive pronouns

5. Adjective name(The Adjective)
5.1 Degrees of comparison of adjectives

7. Noun(The Noun)
7.1 Noun in English. Classification of nouns

8. Verb(The Verb)
8.1 Verbs in English. General information about verbs
8.2 Regular and Irregular English Verbs
8.3 Semantic and auxiliary verbs
8.4 Modal and Connecting Verbs