Row it is used as an anticonvulsant. Anticonvulsant Foot Preparations List

Anticonvulsant (anti-epileptic) drugs

According to a modern classification, anticonvulsant drugs are divided into anticonvulsant barbiturates (benzobamil, lebzonal, hexamidine, phenobarbital), derivatives of hydantoin (diphenine), derivatives of oxazolidindion (trimetin), succinimides (pufaymid, suxiphel), imitobodiazepine derivatives (clonazepam), Valproaty (Acytiprole), different anticonvulsant drugs (methundion, Middokalm, Chloracon)

AcediProlum (AcediProlum)

Synonyms: Valproat sodium, apilexin, depair, convoilelex, convulsive, dipligne, epikine, orpot, Valpin, Depaken, Deprakin, Epilim, Everden, Leptilane, Orphiril, Propimal, Valpakin, Valporin, Wallpron, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. It is an antiepileptic means of a wide range of action.

Acerprole has not only an anticonvulsant (anti-epileptic) action. It improves the mental state and the mood of patients. The presence of a tranquilizing (removal of anxiety) of the component is shown, in contrast to other tranquilizers, it reduces the state of fear, does not have a somnolente (causing heightened drowsiness), sedative (soothing effect on the central nervous system) and the muscle relaxant (relaxing muscle) action.

Indications for use. Apply in adults and children with different types of epilepsy: with various forms of generalized seizures - small (absans), large (convulsive) and polymorphic; With focal seizures (motor, psychomotor, etc.). The drug is most effective in absansions (short-term loss of consciousness with complete memory loss) and pseudo-conventions (short-term loss of consciousness without memory loss).

Method of use and dose. Take acesediprol inside during or immediately after eating. Start with reception of small doses, gradually increasing them within 1-2 weeks. until the therapeutic effect is reached; Then select an individual supportive dose.

The daily dose for adults is at the beginning of treatment with 0.3-0.6 g (1-2 tablets), then it is gradually raised to 0.9-1.5 g. One-time dose - 0.3-0.45. Higher Daily dose - 2.4 g.

The dose for children is selected individually depending on the age, gravity of the disease, therapeutic effect. Typically, a daily dose for children is 20-50 mg per 1 kg of body weight, the highest daily dose - 60 mg / kg. Treatment is beginning with 15 mg / kg, then the dose increases weekly by 5-10 mg / kg until the achievement of the necessary effect. The daily dose is divided by 2-3 receptions. Children are conveniently prescribed the drug in the form of a liquid dosage form - the syrup of the acerprola.

Acesediprol can be used independently or in combination with other anti-epileptic drugs.

With small forms of epilepsy, they are usually limited to the use of only acediprol.

Side effect. Possible side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (diarrhea), stomach pain, anorexia (absence of appetite), drowsiness, allergic skin reactions. As a rule, these phenomena are temporary.

With prolonged reception of large doses of the acerprola, temporary hair loss is possible.

Rare, but the most serious reactions to the acerciprol are disorders of the functions of the liver, pancreas and deterioration of blood coagulation.

Contraindications. The drug is contraindicated in violations of the liver and pancreas function, hemorrhagic diathesis (high bleeding). Do not prescribe the drug in the first 3 months. Pregnancy (in a later date, prescribed in reduced doses solely in the ineffectiveness of other antiepileptic means). The literature provides data on cases of teratogenic (damaging fruit) effect when using acediprol during pregnancy. It should also be borne in mind that in breastfeeding women the preparation is highlighted with milk.

Release form. Tablets of 0.3 g per pack of 50 and 100 pieces; 5% syrup in glass bottles of 120 ml with a metering spoon application.

Storage conditions. List B. in the cool, protected from light place.

Benzobamylum (Benzobamylum)

Synonyms: Benzamil, benzoylbarbamil.

Pharmachologic effect. It has anticonvulsant, sedative (soothing), sleeping pills and hypotensive (reduced blood pressure) properties. Less toxic than Benszal and Phenobarbital.

Indications for use. Epilepsy, mainly with subcortical localization of the focus of excitation, "diancefal" form of epilepsy, epileptic status in children.

Method of use and dose. Inside after meals. Doses for adults -0.05-0.2 g (up to 0.3 g) 2-3 times a day, for children, depending on age, 0.05 to 0.1 g 3 times a day. The benzobamil can be used in a dehydration (dehydrating), anti-inflammatory and desensitizing (preventive or braking allergic reaction) of therapy. In case of addiction (attenuation or lack of effect with long-term re-use), the benzobamil can be temporarily combined with equivalent doses of phenobarbital and fuel station, followed by replacing them again benzobamil.

The equivalet ratio of benzobamila and phenobarbital 2-2.5: 1.

Side effect. Large doses of the drug can cause drowsiness, lethargy, lowering blood pressure, ataxia (violation of coordination of movements), nystagm (involuntary rhythmic movements of the eyeballs), the difficulty of speech.

Contraindications. Kidney lesions and liver with impaired of their functions, cardiac decompensation.

Release form. Tablets at 0.1 g per pack of 100 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in tightly closed dishes.

Benzonalum

Synonyms: Benzobarbital.

Pharmachologic effect. Has a pronounced anticonvulsant action; Unlike phenobarbital does not give a sleeping pill effect.

Indications for use. The convulsive forms of epilepsy, including Kozhevnikovskaya epilepsy, focal and Jackson seizures.

Method of use and dose. Inside. One-time dose for adults - 0.1-0.2 g, daily - 0.8 g, for children, depending on age - one-time 0.025-0.1 g, daily - 0.1-0.4 g. Individually set the most Effective and portable dose of the drug. It can be used in conjunction with other anticonvulsants.

Side effect. Drowsiness, ataxia (violation of coordination of movements), nystagm (involuntary rhythmic movements of eyeballs), dysarthria (speech disorder).

Release form. Tablets of 0.05 and 0.1 g per pack of 50 pieces.

Storage conditions.

Hexamidin (Gexamidinum)

Synonyms: Primidon, Mizolin, Primaclon, Soldan, Deoxifenobarbon, Lepimidine, Lespiral, Lucital, Mizodine, Millepsin, Pontlepsin, Primolyin, Plumber, seized, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. It has a pronounced anticonvulsant action, according to pharmacological activity is close to phenobarbital, but does not have a pronounced sleeping pills.

Indications for use. Epilepsy of various genes (origin), mainly large convulsive seizures. In the treatment of patients with polymorphic (diverse) epileptic symptoms are used in a complex with other anticonvulsants.

Method of use and dose. Inside 0.125 g of 1-2 receptions, then the daily dose increases to 0.5-1.5 g. Higher doses for adults: one-time - 0.75 g, daily - 2g.

Side effect. Itching, skin rashes, light drowsiness, dizziness, headache, ataxia (violation of coordination of movements), nausea; With long-term treatment of anemia (decrease in the number of erythrocytes in the blood), leukopenia (decrease in leukocytes in the blood), lymphocytosis (increase in the number of lymphocytes in the blood).

Contraindications. Liver diseases, kidney and hematopoietic system.

Release form. Tablets at 0.125 and 0.25 g per pack of 50 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in a cool, dry place.

Diphenin (dipheninum)

Synonyms: Phenytoin, Diphentoine, Epanutin, Gidantotoinal, Sodton, Alepsin, Dihydantoin, Sodium Dilatin, Diffiedan, Eptoin, Gidaltal, Fenegidon, Santelotoin, Santil, Zentropil, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. Has a pronounced anticonvulsant action; Snowflowing effect almost does not cause.

Indications for use. Epilepsy, mainly large convulsive seizures. Diphenin is effective in some forms of heart arrhythmias, especially when arrhythmia caused by overdose of cardiac glycosides.

Method of use and dose. Inside after meals for "/ 2 tablets 2-3 times a day. If necessary, a daily dose increases to 3-4 tablets. The highest daily dose for adults is 8 tablets.

Side effect. Tremor (hand shake), ataxia (violation of coordination of movements), dysarthria (speech disorder), nystagm (involuntary movements of the eyeballs), eye pain, increased irritability, skin rashes, sometimes increase temperature, gastrointestinal disorders, leukocytosis (increase in number Leukocytes in the blood), Megaloblastic anemia

Contraindications. Diseases of liver, kidneys, cardiac decompensation, pregnancy, cachexia (extreme degree of depletion).

Release form. Tablets at 0.117 g per pack of 10 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in light-protected place.

Carbamazepinum (Carbamazepinum)

Synonyms: Staspin, Tehretol, Finlepsin, Amyizepine, Cabags, Carbasp, Mazetol, Simonyl, Nordotol, Tegrotal, Temploral, Zeptol, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. Carbamazepine has a pronounced anticonvulsant (anti-epileptic) and moderate degree antidepressive and normal (improving mood) action.

Indications for use. Using carbamazepine in psychomotor epilepsy, large seizures, mixed forms (mainly when combination of large seizures with psychomotor manifestations), local forms (post-traumatic and post-ancephalitic origin). With small seizures, it is not effective enough.

Method of use and dose. Assigns inside (during meals) adults, starting with 0.1 g ("/ 2 tablets) 2-3 times a day, gradually increasing the dose to 0.8-1.2 g (4-6 tablets) per day.

The average daily dose for children is 20 mg per 1 kg of body weight, i.e. on average under the age of 1 year - from 0.1 to 0.2 g per day; from 1 to 5 years - 0.2-0.4 g; from 5 to 10 years -0.4-0.6 g; from 10 to 15 years -0.6-1 g per day.

Carbamazepine can be prescribed in combination with other antiepileptic preparations.

Just as when using other antiepileptic drugs, the transition to the treatment of carbamazepine should be gradual, with a decrease in the dose of the previous drug. Terminated carbamazepine treatment also need gradually.

There are data on the effectiveness of the drug in some cases in patients with different hyperkinases (violent automatic movements due to involuntary muscle contraction). The initial dose of 0.1 g gradually (after 4-5 days) increased to 0.4-1.2 g per day. After 3-4 weeks. Reduced the dose to 0.1-0.2 g per day, then in the same dosashnaknassed daily or every other day within 1-2 weeks.

Carbamazepine has analgesic (anesthetic) effect with neuralgia of a trigeminal nerve (inflammation of the facial nerve).

Carbamazepine is prescribed with neuralgia of a trigeminal nerve, starting from 0.1 g 2 times a day, then the dose is raised by 0.1 g per day, if necessary, up to 0.6-0.8 g (in 3-4 receptions). The effect is usually 1-3 days after the start of treatment. After the disappearance of pain, the dose is gradually reduced (up to 0.1-0.2 g per day). Prescribe a drug for a long time; With premature cancellation of the drug pain may resume. Currently, carbamazepine is considered as one of the most effective means in this disease.

Side effect. The drug is usually well tolerated. In some cases, the loss of appetite is possible, nausea, rarely - vomiting, headache, drowsiness, ataxia (violation of coordination of movements), violation of accommodation (violation of visual perception). The reduction or disappearance of side effects occurs with the temporary cessation of the drug or reduce the dose. There are also data on allergic reactions, leukopenia (reducing the level of leukocytes in the blood), thrombocytopenia (decrease in blood platelets), agranulocytosis (sharp decrease in blood granulocytes), hepatitis (liver tissue inflammation), skin reactions, exfoliative dermatitis (skin inflammation) . When these reactions appear, the drug is terminated.

The possibility of the emergence of mental disorders in patients with epilepsy, treated carbamazepine should be taken into account.

In the process of treatment, carbamazepine must be systematically followed by the picture pattern. It is not recommended to prescribe a drug in the first 3 months. pregnancy. Carbamazepine should not be prescribed simultaneously with irreversible monoamynoxide inhibitors (nialamide and others, furazolidone) due to the possibility of increasing side effects. Phenobarbital and hexamidine weaken anti-epileptic activity of carbamazepine.

Contraindications. The drug is contraindicated in heart rate violations, liver lesions.

Release form. Tablets of 0.2 g per pack of 30 and 100 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in light-protected place.

Clonazepam (Clonazepamum)

Synonyms: Antellexin, Klonopin, IKTORIL, IKTRIVIMIL, Ravataril, Rivatriil, Rivotril, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. Clonazepam has a soothing, muscle-relaxing, anxiolytic (anti-trial) and anticonvulsant action. Anticonvulsant action is expressed in clonazepam more than that of other drugs of this group, therefore it is used mainly to treat convulsive states. In patients with epilepsy taking clonazepam, attacks arise less often and their intensity is reduced.

Indications for use. Apply clonazhes in children and adults at small and large forms of epilepsy with myoclonic attacks (twitching individual muscle beams), with psychomotor crises, increased muscle tone. They also use as a sleeping pyline, especially in patients with organic, brain damage.

Method of use and dose. Treatment with clonazepam starts with small doses, gradually increasing them until the optimal effect is obtained. The dosage is individual depending on the state of the patient and its reaction to the drug. The drug is prescribed at a dose of 1.5 mg per day, divided into 3 receptions. Gradually, the dose is raised by 0.5-1 mg every 3rd day to obtain the optimal effect. Usually 4-8 mg per day are prescribed. It is not recommended to exceed a dose of 20 mg per day.

Children clonazeps are prescribed in the following doses: newborn and children up to 1 year - 0.1-1 mg per day, from 1 year to 5 years - 1.5-3 mg per day, from 6 to 16 years - 3-6 mg in day. The daily dose is divided into 3 receptions.

Side effect. When taking the drug, disorders of coordination of movements, irritability, depressive states (state of depression), increased fatigue, nausea. To reduce side effects, it is necessary to individually choose the optimal dose, starting with smaller doses and gradually increasing them.

Contraindications. Acute diseases of the liver and kidneys, myasthenia (muscle weakness), pregnancy. Do not take simultaneously with Inhibitors of Mao and Phenothiazin derivatives. The drug should not be taken on the eve and during operation drivers of transport and persons whose work requires a quick mental and physical reaction. During the treatment period, the drug needs to refrain from the use of alcoholic beverages.

The drug penetrates through the placental barrier and in breast milk. It should not be prescribed pregnant and during breastfeeding.

Release form. Tablets at 0.001 g (1 mg) per pack of 30 or 50 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in light-protected place.

Metyndion (methindionum)

Synonyms: Indomethacin, Inban.

Pharmachologic effect. Anticonvulsant, not inhibiting central nervous system, reduces affective (emotional) voltage, improves mood.

Indications for use. Epilepsy, especially when temporal and epilepsy traumatic origin (origin).

Method of use and dose. Inside (after meals) adults at 0.25 g at the reception. Optionation with frequent seizures 6 times a day at intervals 1 "/ 2-2 hours (daily dose 1.5 g). With rare seizures in the same single dose of 4-5 times a day (1-1, 25 g per day). With seizures at night or in the morning, 0.05-0.1 g of phenobarbital or 0.1-0.2 g of benzonale is prescribed. With psychopathological disorders in patients with epilepsy 0.25 g 4 times a day . If necessary, the treatment with methundion is combined with phenobarbital, sadocent, eoocytin.

Side effect. Dizziness, nausea, tremor (trembling) of fingers.

Contraindications. Expressed anxiety, tension.

Release form. Tablets at 0.25 g per pack of 100 pieces.

Storage conditions.

Middocalm (MyDocalm)

Synonyms: Tolperison hydrochloride, mussel, menopatol, family, pipetopropanone.

Pharmachologic effect. Suppresses polysinaptic spinal reflexes and lowers the increased tone of skeletal muscles.

Indications for use. Diseases accompanied by increased muscle tone, including paralysis (complete absence of arbitrary movements), paresa (reduction of force and / or amplitude of movements), paraplegia (double-sided paralysis of upper or lower extremities), extrapyramidal disorders (disorders of coordination of movements with a decrease in their volume and jitter).

Method of use and dose. Inside 0.05 g 3 times a day with a gradual increase in dose to 0.3-0.45 g per day; intramuscularly 1 ml of 10% solution 2 times a day; Intravenously (slow) 1 ml in 10 ml of saline 1 time per day.

Side effect. Sometimes a sense of light intoxication, headache, increased irritability, sleep disorder.

Contraindications. No detected.

Release form. Dragee for 0.05 g per pack of 30 pieces; Ampoules 1 ml of 10% solution in a pack of 5 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in a dry, cool place.

Pufemidum

Pharmachologic effect. Anticonvulsant action.

Indications for use. With different forms of epilepsy type Petit Mal (small seizures), as well as at temporal epilepsy.

Method of use and dose. Inside before eating adults, starting from 0.25 g 3 times a day, gradually increasing the dose if necessary to 1.5 g per day; Children under 7 years old - 0.125 g, over 7 years old - 0.25 g 3 times a day.

Side effect. Nausea, insomnia. With nausea, it is recommended to prescribe a drug after 1-1 "/ 2 h after meals, with insomnia 3-4 hours before sleep.

Contraindications. Acute diseases of the liver and kidneys, violation of the function of the blood formation, sharply pronounced atherosclerosis, hypercines (violent automatic movements due to the crosslinking of muscle contraction).

Release form. Tablets at 0.25 g per pack of 50 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in dark glass banks.

Suxilep)

Synonyms: Etosuximide, Azamide, Picnolepsin, Ronton, Zaront, It was, Ethimal, Pemark, Petynimid, Suktimal, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. Anticonvulsant action.

Indications for use. Small forms of epilepsy, myoclonic seizures (convulsive twitching of individual muscle groups).

Method of use and dose. Inside (taken during the meal) 0.25-0.5 g per day with a gradual increase in dose to 0.75-1.0 g per day (in 3-4 receptions).

Side effect. Dyspeptic disorders (digestion disorders); In some cases, headache, dizziness, skin rash, leukopenia (decrease in blood leukocyte levels) and agranulocytosis (a sharp decrease in the number of blood granulocytes).

Contraindications. Pregnancy, breastfeeding.

Release form. Capsules of 0.25 g per pack of 100 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in a dry, cool place.

Trimethinum (Trimethinum)

Synonyms: Trimetadion, poultry, tridion, trimemal, absintol, edion, epidion, pttydion, drill, throksidone.

Pharmachologic effect. It has an anticonvulsant action.

Indications for use. Epilepsy, mainly Petit Mal (small seizures).

Method of use and dose. Inside during or after eating 0.25 g 2-3 times a day, children depending on age - from 0.05 to 0.2 g 2-3 times a day.

Side effect. Svetops, skin rashes, neutropenia (reduction of the number of neutrophils in the blood), agranulocytosis (sharp decrease in blood granulocytes), anemia (decrease in blood hemoglobin), eosinophilia (increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood), monocytosis (increasing the number of monocytes in the blood).

Contraindications. Disorders of the liver and kidney function, diseases of the visual nerve and blood-forming organs.

Release form. Powder.

Storage conditions. List B. in a dry, cool place.

Phenobarbital (Phenobarbitalum)

Synonyms: Adonal, Ephenal, Barbenyl, Barbifen, Dormiral, Epanal, Epputal, Fenmaal, Gardenal, Hypnotic, Mefabarbital, Narurobarb, Nirvonal, Omnibarb, Fenobarbon, Sedonal, Seven, Somonal, Zadonal, and others.

Pharmachologic effect. Usually considered as a sleeping pyline. However, currently has the greatest value as an antiepileptic agent.

Small doses have a soothing effect.

Indications for use. Treatment of epilepsy; Applied with generalized toniclonic seizures (Grand Mal), as well as in focal attacks in seamless and children. Due to the anticonvulsant action, they are prescribed with the horore (diseases of the nervous system, accompanied by motor excitation and non-coordinated movements), spastic paralymps, various convulsive reactions. As a soothing in small doses, in combination with other drugs (spasmolyts, vasodilators) is used for neurovegetative disorders. As a sleeping pill.

Method of use and dose. For the treatment of epilepsy, adults are prescribed, starting with a dose of 0.05 g 2 times a day and gradually increasing the dose until the seizure stops, but not more than 0.5 g per day. Children are prescribed in smaller doses in accordance with age (not exceeding the highest one-time and daily doses). Treatment is carried out for a long time. To stop the reception of the phenobarbital in epilepsy, it is necessary to gradually, since the sudden abolition of the drug may cause the development of the seal and even epileptic status.

For the treatment of epilepsy, phenobarbital is often prescribed in combination with other drugs. Usually, these combinations are selected individually depending on the shape and course of epilepsy and the overall condition of the patient.

As a soothing and antispasmodic agent, phenobarbital is prescribed at a dose of 0.01-0.03-0.05 g 2-3 times a day.

Higher doses for adults inside: one-time - 0.2 g; daily - 0.5 g

The simultaneous use of phenobarbital with other sedative acting drugs (soothing) leads to increased sedative hypnotic effect and may be accompanied by the oppression of breathing.

Side effect. The oppression of the activity of the central nervous system, a decrease in blood pressure, allergic reactions (skin rash, etc.), shifts in the blood formula.

Contraindications. The drug is contraindicated in severe lesions of the liver and kidney with a violation of their functions, with alcoholism, narcotic dependence, myasthenia (muscular weakness). It should not be appointed in the first 3 months. Pregnancy (in order to avoid teratogenic effects / damaging action on the fruit /) and women, nursing.

Form of statement. Powder; Tablets at 0.005 g for children and 0.05 and 0.1 g for adults.

Storage conditions. List B. in light-protected place.

Gluferalum

Combined drug containing phenobarbital, bromisal, sodium caffenzoate, calcium gluconate.

Indications for use.

Method of use and dose. Adults after eating depending on the state of 2-4 tablets at the reception. Maximum daily dose - 10 tablets. Children, depending on age, prescribe from 1/2 to 1 tablet to receive. Maximum daily dose for children up to 10 years - 5 tablets.

Side effect I. Contraindications.

Release form. Tablets containing: phenobarbital - 0.025 g, bromisoval - 0.07 g, sodium canebenzoate - 0.005 g, calcium gluconate - 0.2 g, in the jar of orange glass in 100 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in light-protected place.

PAGLUFERELLUM-1,2,3 (PAGLUFERALUM-1,2,3)

Combined preparation containing phenobarbital, bromisovized, sodium canebenzoate, papaverine hydrochloride, calcium gluconate.

Pharmacological action is due to the properties of components included in it.

Indications for use. Basically, with epilepsy with large tonic blockcloths.

Method of use and dose. Different ratios of ingredients in different variants of PAGLUFERST tablets make it possible to individually pick up doses. Begin reception with 1-2 tablets 1-2 times a day.

Side effect I. Contraindications. The same as for phenobarbital.

Release form. PAGLUFURIAL 1, 2, and 3 tablets containing, respectively: phenobarbital - 0.025; 0.035 or 0.05 g, bromisoval - 0.1; 0.1 or 0.15 g, sodium canebenzoate -0.0075; 0.0075 or 0.01 g, papaverine hydrochloride -0,015; 0.015 or 0.02 g, calcium gluconate - 0.25 g, in orange glass cans of 40 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in light-protected place.

Mixtio Sereyski Mixtio

Painting powder containing phenobarbital, bromisomized, cappanzoate sodium, papaverine hydrochloride, calcium gluconate.

Pharmacological action is due to the properties of components included in it.

Indications for use. Basically, with epilepsy with large tonic blockcloths.

Method of use and dose. 1 powder 2-3 times a day (with light forms of the disease, a powder with a smaller weight content of components takes, with more severe - powder with a large weight content of components / cm. Release form. /).

Side effects and contraindications. The same as for phenobarbital.

Release form. Powder containing: phenobarbital - 0.05-0.07-0.1-0.15 g, bromizoval -0.2-0.3 g, sodium canebenzoate -0,015-0.02 g, hydrochloride papaverine - 0.03 -0.04 g, calcium gluconate -0.5-1.0 g

Storage conditions. List B. in a dry, light-protected place.

Fallepsin (Fali-Lepsin)

Combined preparation containing phenobarbital and pseudonorefedrine.

Pharmacological action is due to the properties of components included in it. The inclusion of pseudonorefedrin in its composition, which has a moderate stimulating effect on the central nervous system, slightly reduces the inhibitory effect (drowsiness, reduction of working capacity) of phenobarbital.

Indications for use. Various forms of epilepsy.

Method of use and dose. Adults and children over 12 years old, starting with 1/2 tablets (50 mg) per day, gradually increasing the dose to 0.3-0.45 g (in 3 receptions).

Release form. Tablets at 0.1 g, in the package of 100 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in light-protected place.

Chloraconum (Chloraconum)

Synonyms: Beclamid, Hibidon, Nidran, Zadran, benzchloropramide.

Pharmachologic effect. It has a pronounced anticonvulsant action.

Indications for use. Epilepsy, mainly with large convulsive seizures; psychomotor excitation of an epileptic nature; with frequent convulsive seizures (in combination with other anticonvulsants); Prescribed with patients with epilepsy during pregnancy and suffered liver disease.

Method of use and dose. Inside 0.5 g 3-4 times a day, if necessary, up to 4 g per day; Children - 0.25-0.5 g 2-4 times a day (depending on age).

Side effect. An irritating effect on the gastric mucous membrane in patients who suffered gastrointestinal diseases. With long-term treatment, it is necessary to monitor the function of the liver, kidneys, blood pattern.

Release form. Tablets at 0.25 g in packs of 50 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. in a dry, cool place.

Content

This medication group is used to relieve or prevent seizures with different nature of origin. Preparations from convulsion include a list of medicines, which, as a rule, are used in the manifestation of epilepsy and called anti-epileptic agents.

Action of anticonvulsant drugs

During an attack, a person is experiencing not only muscle spasms, but also pain because of them. The effect of anticonvulsant drugs is aimed at eliminating the data of manifestations, the binding of the attack so that it does not switch from pain to epileptic, convulsive phenomena. Nervous impulse is activated together with a specific group of neurons in the same way as it occurs when a motor type is transmitted from neurons from a cerebral cortex.

Anticonvulsant tablets must eliminate pain, muscle spasms without oppression of the central nervous system. Such medicines are selected individually, the degree of complexity of pathology is taken into account. Depending on this, drugs can be applied a certain period or a lifetime if a genetic or chronic form of illness is diagnosed.

Groups of anticonvulsant drugs

To prevent epileptic seizures, convulsions with doctors have developed different means that have differences on the principle of action. Assign specific anti-kvulsants should a doctor on the basis of the nature of the origin of convulsion. The following groups of anticonvulsants are distinguished:

	Name	Act
Barbiturates and derivatives	Phenobarbital, Benzamil, Benzoylbarbamil, Benzonal, Bennzobamil.	Directed to the braking of neurons of the epileptic focus. As a rule, the CNS has an indiscriminate oppressive effect.
Benzodiazepine-based preparations	Rivotril, clonazepam, IKTORIMIL, ANTELEPSIN, Ravatriel, Clonopin, Icoril.	These medicines are the activity of brake neurons, affecting the GABA receptors.
IminoLBen	Carbamazepine, Zeptol, Finlepsin, AMizepine, Tegretol.	Restrictive effect on the spread of electrical potential for neurons.
Sodium Valproat and derivatives	Acesediprol, Epilim, Sodium Valproat, Apilexin, Valparin, Diploma, Convalex.	Remote sedative, tranquilizing effect, improve the emotional background of the patient.
Succinimids	Etosuximide, Pufaymid, Ronton, Suktimal, Ethimal, Suxileps, Picnolepsin, Walparin, Diphenin, Ksanaks, Keppra, Akinerval;	Appointed for the treatment of absans, tablets are a calcium channel blocker. Eliminate muscle spasms with neuralgia.

Anticonvulsant Preparations for Epilepsy

Some remedies are released without a recipe, some only with him. Any tablet from epilepsy should only be prescribed to the doctor to avoid side effects and not provoke complications. It is important to consult a hospital in a timely manner, fast diagnostics will increase the chances of remission, the duration of the medication. Popular anticonvulsant preparations for epilepsy are presented in the list below:

1. Pheniton. Tablets belong to the group of hydantoin, is used for a small slowdown in the reaction of nerve endings. It helps stabilize neural membranes. Assigns, as a rule, patients who suffer from frequent cramps.
2. Phenobarbital. It is included in the list of barbiturates, applies actively for therapy at the first stages, to maintain remission. It has a cure for the soothing soft effect, which during epilepsy does not always have enough, so they are often prescribed along with other drugs.
3. Lookifin. It is considered one of the strongest anti-epileptic means. A properly painted course of treatment can stabilize the nervous system without disrupting the release of amino acids.
4. Bennzobamil. This drug has low toxicity, a soft effect, so it can be prescribed to a child who suffers from convulsion. It is contraindicated to people with human pathologies, kidney, liver.
5. Sodium Valproat. This is an anti-epileptic drug, is appointed in the disorders of behavior. It has a number of serious side effects: the appearance of rash, deterioration of clarity of consciousness, reduced blood coagulation, obesity, worsening blood circulation.
6. Primidon. This anti-epileptic drug is used in severe epilepsy attacks. The medicine has a powerful braking effect on damaged neurons, which helps to stop bouts. You can take this anticonvulsant only after consulting a doctor.

Anticonvulsant Preparations for Neuralgia

it is recommended to start the treatment as early as possible, for this you need to contact a specialist after the very first symptoms of the disease. Therapy is based on the general complex of medicines to eliminate the causes and signs of nerve damage. Anticonvulsant tools occupy a leading role in treatment. They are needed to prevent epilepsy attacks, seizures. The following anticonvulsant drugs are used for neuralgia:

1. Clonazepam. It is derived from benzodiazepine, it differs in that it has an anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, soothing effect. The mechanism of action of the active substance helps to establish sleep, relax muscles. Use without prescribing a doctor even according to the instructions is not recommended.
2. Carbamazepine. By classification, the medication refers to iminolbenam. It has a pronounced anticonvulsant, moderate antidepressive impact, normalizes emotional background. It helps to significantly reduce pain in neuralgia. The anti-epileptic drug acts quickly, but the course will always be long, because due to the premature refusal of the medication of pain may return.
3. Phenobarbital. Refers to a group of barbiturates, which act in the treatment of neuralgia in the role of a soothing, sleeping pill preparation. This anticonvulsant is appointed not large doses, it should be taken strictly on the prescription of the doctor, because the side effects of anticonvulsants are contraindicated under a number of other diseases.

Anticonvulsant drugs for children

The choice in this case falls on medicines that should significantly reduce the excitability of the CNS. Many drugs of this type can be dangerous for the baby, because they oppress their breath. Anticonvulsant drugs for children are divided into two groups by the degree of danger to the child:

• Means that are little affected by breathing: lidocaine, benzodiazepines, oxybutirates, fentanyl, droperidol.
• More hazardous substances that have an oppressive effect: barbiturates, chloralhydrate, magnesium sulfate.

When selecting drugs for kids, the peculiarities of the pharmacology of the drug are very important, adults are less susceptible to side effects than a child. The list of fixed assets that are used for therapy of children includes the following medicines:

1. Droperidol, Fentanyl- There is an effective impact on the hippocampia, from which the signal is received, but there is no morphine in the composition that the infants under 1 can cause breathing problems. You can eliminate this problem with nippin.
2. Benzodiazepines- Used, as a rule, Sibaz, which can be called diazepam or sider. Intravenous administration of the drug stop seizures within 5 minutes, respiratory depression can be observed at large doses of the medication. It can be corrected by the introduction of a physostigmine intramuscularly.
3. Lidocaine. The remedy can almost immediately suppress the convulsions of any type in kids if you make an intravenous injection. In therapy, as a rule, a saturable dose is first introduced, then dripping drops.
4. Phenobarbital. It is used for prevention and treatment. It is assigned, as a rule, with weak attacks, because the result from application is developing 4-6 hours. The main plus medication in children can last up to 2 days. Good results are observed with simultaneous reception with a sybazone.
5. Hexenal. A strong drug, but has an oppressive effect on breathing, which strongly limits its use in children.

Anticonvulsant drugs of the new generation

When choosing a medication, the doctor must necessarily take into account the origin of pathology. Anticonvulsant drugs of the new generation are aimed at solving a greater range of reasons, cause the minimum number of side effects. Developments are kept constantly, so over time, more and more modern means appear that cannot be bought in the online store or order home. Of the modern options, such effective anti-epileptic drugs of a new generation are distinguished:

1. Diphenin- shown in serious seizures, neuralgia of a trigeminal nerve.
2. Zaront (he is suxile). The tool that has proven high efficiency is necessary to carry out the treatment must be continuously.
3. Keppracontains the levtyracetam substance, the mechanism of its impact on the body is not fully studied. Experts suggest that the medication affects glycine receptors and gamma-amine oil acid. Confirmed the positive effect in the treatment of CPPR gene generalized attacks of epilepsy and partial seizures.
4. Ospold- Anticonvulsant tool of the new generation, the action of the active substance is not fully studied. The use of medication with partial epipads is justified. The doctor prescribes a daily dose that must be divided into 2-3 receptions.
5. Pennis- The active active ingredient is called ethosuximide, highly efficiently in the treatment of absans. Be sure to coordinate with the attending physician.

Side Effects of Anticonvulsant Preparations

Most of the anticonvulsants are released by the recipe, unavailable in free sale. This is due to a large number and high risk of photography of side effects in the overdose of medications. It is not recommended to choose the drug to choose the drug, based on the results of the tests, it is not recommended to buy medicines. The most common side effects of anticonvulsant drugs in violation of the reception rules are becoming:

• doubt when walking;
• dizziness;
• vomiting, drowsiness, nausea;
• shots in the eyes;
• oppression of breathing;
• allergic reactions (rash, bleeding deterioration, liver failure).

Prices for anticonvulsants

Most medicines can be found in the catalog on the sites of pharmacies, but for some groups of funds you will need a doctor's recipe. The cost of drugs may differ depending on the manufacturer, the place of sale. Approximate price for anticonvulsant drugs in the Moscow region is as follows.

Preparations of the anticonvulsant group are used as a means to eliminate pain symptoms and muscle spasms, preventing the transition from the state of bolts to convulsive and.

Activation of the nerve impulse at the same time by a group of certain neurons is similar to the signal supplied by the engine-type neurons in the cerebral cortex. In the event of a lesion of this type, the nerve endings are not manifested in ticks or convulsions, but cause bouts of pain.

The purpose of using anticonvulsant drugs is the elimination of pain or muscle spasms without provoking the oppression of the activities of the central nervous system. Depending on the degree of complexity of the disease, these drugs can be used from several years before use throughout life with severe chronic or genetic forms of the disease.

The attacks of convulsive activity are associated with an increase in the degree of excitation of nerve endings in the brain, usually localized in certain sections of its structure and diagnosed when the state characteristic of the state is characteristic.

The reason for the occurrence of convulsion can be a deficiency in the body of the necessary chemical elements, such as magnesium or potassium, pinching the muscle nerve in the channel or a sharp lengthy exposure to cold. Potassium deficiency, calcium or magnesium provokes failures when transmitting signals to the muscles from the brain, as evidenced by the occurrence of spasms.

In the initial stage, the manifestation of the development of the neurological type disease consists in local pains emanating from the area of \u200b\u200baffected nerve cells and the bolts of different strength and the nature of the manifestation. With the course of the disease due to the development of inflammatory processes or muscle spasms in the field of pinched nerve endings, the strength of the attacks increases.

In the event of an early appeal to a specialist for therapy, a complex of drugs that eliminate the causes and signs of damage to nerve endings are used. Independent diagnosis and treatment does not allow you to choose from a wide range of anticonsidants most suitable for the relief of pain symptoms and eliminate the cause of unpleasant sensations.

Most of the preparations used in therapies used in therapy have combined effects, and has many contraindications, based on what, unauthorized assignment and the reception of these funds may be dangerous to the health of the patient.

When observing a specialist, he assesses the work of the prescribed drug for its effectiveness and diagnose the absence of pathological changes after its reception on the results of blood tests.

Basics of anticonvulsant therapy

The complex treatment for convulsive manifestations includes groups of drugs of various principles of operation, among which:

Some of the prescribed drugs have the effect of braking development or prevent the occurrence of allergic type reactions.

Basic groups of anticonvulsants

Anticonvulsant drugs are divided into several groups, the list of which is offered below.

IminoLBen

They are characterized by an anticonvulsant effect, after their use, the elimination of pain symptoms and improved mood is noted. The drugs of this group include:

• Tegretol;
• Amizepine;
• Zeptol.

Sodium Valproat and derivatives

Valproids are used as anticonvulsant means and as iminolbena, contribute to the improvement of the patient's emotional background.

In addition, when using these drugs, tranquilizing, sedative and muscle relaxed effects. Treatments of this group include:

• Assediprol;
• Sodium Valproat;
• Walparin;
• Convolex;
• Epilim;
• Apilexin;
• Diploma.

Barbiturates

Barbiturates are characterized by a sedative effect, contribute to a decrease in blood blood pressure and possess sleeping effect. Among these drugs are most often used:

• Benzobamil;
• Benzamil;
• Benzoylbarbamil;
• Benzoal.

Benzodiazepine-based preparations

Benzodiazepine-based drug-based drugs have a pronounced effect, apply in case of appearance of convulsive states in epilepsy and long-term attacks of neuralgic disorders.

For these drugs, sedative and muscle relaxed effects is characteristic, the normalization of sleep is noted.

Among these drugs:

• Antilene;
• Clone;
• Icoril;
• Ravataril;
• Equalized;
• Rivotril;
• Iklorius.

Sukbituldi

Anticonvulsant drugs of this group are used to eliminate the muscle spasms of individual organs during neuralgia. When using drugs of this group, breakdowns are possible or nausea.

Among the most used funds are known:

• Puflue;
• Suxile;
• Suktimal;
• Ronton;
• Ethimal;
• Etosuximide;
• Picnolepsin.

Anticonvulsant preparations used for foot cramps:

• Walparin;
• Xanaks;
• Diphenin;
• Antihernel;

Punch in the nine convulsive "gate"

The main anticonvulsant drugs that are most often used in epilepsy, convulsive seizures and neuralgia of various origins:

Practical experience of consumers

What is the case with anticonvulsant therapy in practice? This can be judged by the reviews of patients and doctors.

I accept carbamazepine as a substitute for Finlepsin, since the foreign analogue is more expensive, and the drug of domestic production is great for therapy at my disease.

Since I tried both drugs, I can argue about the high efficiency of both, but a significant difference in value is a significant disadvantage of foreign funds.

Ivan.

After several years of reception of Finlepsin, the doctor changed him to the doctor, as a specialist believes that this drug is more suitable for me. I did not have complaints in the process of receiving Finlepsin, however, in the retard, in addition to the same action there is a sedative effect.

In addition, the drug is characterized by great ease of use, since compared to the analogues it must be taken not three times a day, but once.

Victor

The type of voltar is helps with heavenly gravity pain. It is not bad to use it as a supplement to the main treatment facility.

Lyuba

Time to collect stones

A distinctive feature of anticonvulsant means is the inability to quickly end their reception. With a tangible effect of the drug, the period of cancellation of its use is up to six months, during which there is a gradual decrease in the rate of reception of the drug.

According to the common opinion of the doctors, carbamazepine is the most efficient drug for the treatment of convulsive activity.

Less effective are the preparations such as Lorazepams, phenytoin, sadocents, clonazepams, dormicum and valpory acid, located in the order of reducing their therapeutic effects.

It remains to add that anticonvulsant drugs without recipes can not be turned out, as well, since they are very dangerous to take into irresponsibly.

Anticonvulsant drugs with neuralgia are very popular in medicine. First of all, they solve the main issue - eliminate the processes provoking the attacks of the body. But they are also able to have an anesthetic, soothing and sometimes even a hypnotic action.

Anticonvulsant preparations are a group of drugs that contribute to the elimination of muscle spasms. Their mechanism is that the transfer of pulses from the brain to departments in the central nervous system is stopped. Such drugs have a sufficiently large list of side effects and contraindications, in connection with which only the attending physician can be appointed.

Depending on the type of disease, anticonvulsant drugs in neuralgia can only be used during a certain period of time or, on the contrary, throughout their lives to maintain the necessary conditions for the life of the body.

For example, anti-epileptic pills with neuralgia of a trigeminal nerve can be spelled out for one-time reception in order to relax the facial muscles. While, with a diagnosed epilepsy, it may be necessary to receive tablets on an ongoing basis.

The main purpose of receiving anticonvulsant drugs in neuralgia is to get rid of muscle spasms

Anticonvulsant drugs can have the following mechanisms for the body:

• Stimulating gamma-amine-oil acid receptors. Thus, the frequency of the production of pulses with neurons is reduced, and the braking process is improved;
• Slowdown in the process of transferring pulses between neurons through the relief of the functions of potassium and sodium channels in the field of nerve cells;
• Reducing activity or full blocking of glutamate receptors. In this connection, the number of electrical parameters in neurons decreases.

Despite the different mechanism of action in drugs, their main goal is to get rid of the patient from involuntary muscle spasms.

Basic groups of anticonvulsants

Anticonvulsant drugs can be appointed with various types of disease, whether it is neuralgia of a trigeminal nerve or satellite nerve Ishias. But it is important that the drug is picked up by a doctor based on a survey.

The classification of anticonvulsant drugs used in neuralgia is as follows:

• Valproids. Can be used orally and intravenously. They stimulate the gamma-amine-oil acid processes in the brain. Prohibited in the presence of hepatitis, porphyria and pregnancy;
• Barbiturates. Their effect is based on a decrease in the degree of excitability of the brain and providing soothing action to the central nervous system. Often used as anesthetics. Their minus is the possibility of adding the body and the need for this reason to increase the adopted dose;
• Imino-cylind. Synthesis of antipsychotic substances and analgesics are carried out. Calm the nervous system;
• Preparations based on benzocypin. Finding into the body, reassuring and sleeping action. Have a direct impact on the central nervous system, like tranquilizers;
• Cycinimides. They have the opportunity to reduce the sensitivity of the central nervous system on incoming convulsive impulses from the brain.

It is known that the reception of any anticonvulsant drug will have a greater effect in the additional use of central minelaxants. But they, like anticipant epileptic medicines without recipes, are not allowed, and therefore require the appointment of a doctor.

List of drugs

Drugs aimed at eliminating muscle spasms during a neuralgic attack are presented in a wide variety.

The most frequently used of them are:

• Carbamazepine. Refers to the group of iminolben. In addition to what holds back the process of convulsion in the body, acts as an antidepressant. Significantly reduces pain syndrome. But this process requires a little time, since the drug has a cumulative nature and the effect may occur in 2-3 days. As a rule, the course of treatment has a long time. In some cases, the patient may experience dizziness and drowsiness;
• Clonazepam. This drug is derived from benzodizepin. His reception contributes to the relaxation of muscles, soothing the nervous system, and as a result, normalization of sleep. It is especially relevant with neuralgia characterized by an increased muscle tone. The side effect may be increased irritability, lethargy and depressive state;
• Phenobarbital. The medicine is part of the barbiturate group. It also has a sedative, soothing effect on the sick organism and is often used as a sleeping pyline. Accepted in small doses and requires a gradual stopping. May cause an increase in blood pressure and disruption;
• Phenitoin. A sufficiently strong drug whose action is directed to the braking of the receptors of the nervous system, as well as to stabilize the state of cell membranes. Among the side effects, attacks of vomiting, nausea, dizziness and trembling on the body are noted;
• Wolproat sodium. Has a wide range of action. It is often used not only with neuralgia, but also with an existing epilepsy. The drug normalizes the psychic condition of the patient, soothing it and eliminating the state of anxiety. In some cases, during its reception, the stomach disorders may be observed.

The list presented is not the entire range of anticonvulsant preparations available today. But as can be seen, each of them has its pros and cons, therefore it is important to initially carry out the right selection of medicines.

Anticonvulsant drugs are narrow drugs intended for eliminating muscle spasms and other signs of epileptic attack. Some types of drugs can be taken together to achieve a better effect, and some are initially aimed at a complex combating disease.

Since tablets and drug powders are not only eliminated from sudden seizures, but also facilitate the course of the disease as a whole, they are often classified as medicinal products (AELS). The first successful attempts to treat anticonvulsants were taken at the end of the XIX - early twentieth century. In 1857, potassium bromide was used to combat epilepsy, in 1912, phenobarbital began to be actively used, and in 1938 the list of anti-epileptic medicines was replenished with phenytin. Today, around the world, including the Russian Federation, more than thirty items are used to eliminate epilepsy symptoms.

Basic groups of medicines

Anticonvulsant drugs are applied depending on the focus of the epileptic attack and the severity of key symptoms. According to modern classification, several types of anti-epileptic drugs are distinguished:

• anticonvulsant barbiturates;
• drugs formed from Gidantoin;
• drug-oxazolidinones;
• preparations based on succinimide;
• iminolbena;
• tablets containing benzodiazepines;
• valproic acid-based medicines;
• other anticonvulsant drugs.

The main task of each group of drugs is to suppress spontaneously emerging muscle spasms without the subsequent oppression of the central nervous system and the formation of various psychophysical deviations. Any type of preparation is appointed by a doctor in a strictly individual order after the comprehensive diagnosis of the patient and determining the affected brain section. Since epilepsy arises due to the formation of an excessive amount of intense electric pulses in the neurons of the brain, the priority phase in the fight against the disease should be the corresponding drug intervention, which implies the suppression of the activity of the affected areas of the brain and the normalization of the work of its other sections.

Features of application

Acceptance of anticonvulsant drugs lasts for several years to the patient's complete recovery, or throughout the lifetime, if the causes of epilepsy lies in
Genetic predisposition or the disease gained a heavy chronic form. In some cases, a surgery for eliminating the affected segment of the brain with further conduct of the patient's rehabilitation course is proposed as a supplement to medication treatment. Surgical intervention is shown only on the recommendation of the doctor after the appropriate diagnosis. Postoperative complications occur quite rarely and can be expressed in the form of numbness or short-term paralysis of the part of the body, which was most susceptible to convulsive reactions, as well as in the loss of some cognitive abilities due to the removal of a brain portion.

Anticonvulsant drugs, in turn, have a number of side effects and contraindications with which it is necessary to get acquainted before taking medication from epilepsy. It is also worth being extremely honest with the attending physician, since, depending on the availability of a different type of disease in the body, a specialist can prescribe additional media immunity, as well as choose the most gentle pills that shoot convulsions. Especially attentive should be pregnant women, allergies, people with impaired central nervous system, psycho-emotional deviations, patients with problem liver, impaired blood circulation or renal failure. You can read more about the side effects of each drug below in the table below.

Mechanisms of impact on the body

Tablets and medicinal powders from epileptic seizures also differ in the mechanism of impact on the basic receptors of the body. There are three main criteria for which the effectiveness of the drug in each individual case of epilepsy development is determined:

• Interaction with the main gamma-aminobacual acid receptors (GABA) responsible for the braking and neurons excitation reactions. Stimulating receptors with medicines allows to reduce the intensity of the generation of pulses with neurons and improve the braking process. Valproic acid based tablets, anticonvulsant barbiturates (phenobarbital), preparations, which include benzodiazepines (diazepam, clonazepams, etc.), Vigabolin tablets are included;
• Reducing the activity of glutamate receptors and their subsequent blocking. Glutamate is one of the main stimulating components of the nervous system, therefore, to effectively reduce the intensity of electrical pulse in neurons, it is necessary to reduce the as many active glutamate receptors;
• Blocking the functions of sodium and potassium channels in nerve cells for slow-down synaptic transmission of pulses and, as a result, eliminate involuntary muscle spasms. Similar effect provide carbamazepine preparations, tablets of the valproee group, phenytoin and others.

To date, about 70% of people suffering from light shapes of epileptic seizures are successfully cured by the disease through the use of anti-epileptic agents. However, effective disposal of epilepsy symptoms at the heavier stages of the disease remains a relevant issue for scientists and epileptologist specialists from around the world. Any medicinal tool must meet the special quality criteria, which includes the duration of the patient's body, high efficiency with various partial and generalized attacks (especially in mixed types of disease), antiallergenic properties, lack of sedative impact on the central nervous system, which is in the occurrence of drowsiness, apathy, breakdown, as well as medication dependence and addictive.

Descriptions of medicines

Anticonvulsant drugs are divided according to the effectiveness of the impact on the body with a certain type of epileptic attack. The table contains the main types of seizures, a list of drugs directed against the symptoms of one or another attack, as well as the basic properties of each of the drugs.

Types of epileptic attack	Name of the drug	Properties and contraindications
Psychomotor and large convulsive seizures, Epileptic status	Phenytoin	The drug located in the group of derivatives of Gidantoin. Directed on the inhibition of active nerve receptors, stabilization of the neuronal membranes of the cellular body. Removes the convulsive reactions of the body. It has a number of side effects: shiver, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, involuntary movement or rotation of the eyes. In the case of pregnancy, it is imperative to consult a doctor before taking a medicine.
Psychomotor and large convulsive seizures	Carbamazepine	Knips heavy attacks of epilepsy by braking neuropsychic processes in the body. It has increased activity at intense stages of the disease. During the reception, the patient's mood improves, but has side effects, causing drowsiness, dizziness, blood circulation disorders. The drug cannot be taken with allergies and pregnancy.
Psychomotor and large convulsive seizures, epileptic status	Phenobarbital	It has an anticonvulsant effect and is often used in conjunction with other anti-epileptic means. It has sedative properties, soothing and normalizing the patient's nervous system. Take pills needed for a long time and cancel the cancellation gradually, since the medication has the property to accumulate in the patient's body. Sudden termination of the reception of phenobarbital can provoke involuntary epileptic attacks. Side Effects: Suppression of the functions of the nervous system, blood pressure disorders, the appearance of allergies, difficult breathing. The drug cannot be taken in the first three months of pregnancy and during breastfeeding period, as well as people with renal failure, alcohol and narcotic dependence, developed muscular weakness.
Psychomotor attacks, epileptic status, light shapes of attacks, myoclonic epilepsy	Clonazepam	It is used to eliminate involuntary convulsive manifestations, reduce their intensity during an attack. Tablets have a relaxing effect on the patient's muscles and soothes the central nervous system. As side effects, the disorders of the musculoskeletal system, nausea, the development of the protracted depression, irritability, fatigue should be distinguished. Contraindicated in acute renal failure and diseases of the liver, pregnancy, muscular weakness, active work requiring concentration of attention and physical endurance. During the preparation of the drug, it is recommended to abandon alcohol.
Psychomotor and severe partial attacks, light shapes of seizures, clonic-tonic convulsions	Lookifin	Stabilizes the activity of neurons of the brain, blocks glutamate receptors, without preventing the free release of the amino acids generated in cells. Due to the direct impact on nerve cells, the number of convulsive seizures is reduced, with time completely eliminating them. As a side effect, an allergic reaction may be developed or skin rash is formed, in rare cases passing into the skin disease. Also there are dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurredness, headaches, mental disorders, insomnia, tremor, diarrhea. During the taking medication, it is not recommended to engage in activities requiring a high concentration of attention and fast psychomotor reaction.
Psychomotor and heavy convulsive seizures, light shapes of attacks, myoclonic epilepsy	Sodium Valproat	It has a braking effect on the GAMK receptors, thus reducing the intensity of the generation of electric pulses in the brain neurons. Eliminates the emotional concern of the patient, increases the mood and stabilizes the mental state. Causes side effects in the form of a disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, disorders of consciousness, tremor, the development of mental disorders, circulatory disorders and blood coagulation, increasing body weight, skin rashes. The drug cannot be taken with the diseases of the liver, pancreas, various forms of hepatitis, hypersensitivity, hemorrhagic diathesis, pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Psychomotor and heavy partial seizures, myoclonic epilepsy	Primidon	Through the activity of neurons in the affected section of the brain, eliminates involuntary muscle spasms. It is not recommended for receiving children and people of elderly due to the likelihood of motor anxiety and psychomotor excitation. The drug has side effects expressing in drowsiness, headaches, apathy, nausea, anxiety, anemia, allergic reactions, drug addiction. Contraindicated in renal failure and diseases of the liver, pregnancy, breastfeeding.
Various partial and generalized seizures	Beclamid	It has a blocking effect on the formation of electric pulses in the neurons of the brain, thereby reducing their excitability and eliminating convulsive seizures. It has some side effects: weakness, dizziness, manifestation of allergies, irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Epileptic status in children, focal attacks	Bennzobamil	Tablets are considered less toxic compared to phenobarbital and bench. The drug has a sedative effect on the central nervous system, relieves muscle spasms, it may cause a decrease in blood pressure. Among the side effects you can allocate apathy, drowsiness, lethargy, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, involuntary eye movements. Contraindicated in renal failure, liver diseases, severe heart failure.

The table contains a list of anticonvulsant drugs that are most actively used in medicine, which have a comprehensive effect on the patient's brain activity. The use of each of the above-mentioned anti-epileptic drugs should be coordinated with the attending physician and are accepted strictly according to the instructions. Then treatment of epilepsy will pass more intense, which will allow as soon as possible to forget about periodically emerging convulsive epileptic attacks.