Russian scientists received. The most famous scientists in the world

Russian scientists invented the TV, and the Russian directors taught the whole world to theater. Who made the greatest achievement?

Great Russian scientists

They know the whole world. They did what was not subject to the strong world of this. They opened the "Russian Science", which the whole world spoke.

Pavel Nikolayevich Apple, who all his life worked with ordinary electrical engineering in Paris. It is he who is inconspicuous in the appearance of "hard worker" invented the world's first light bulb. She burned for a long time and had a light of dazzling power. It was unsuitable for small premises, but was widely used in the lighting of streets and large premises. But thanks to the apple appeared enthusiasts who were able to create that light bulb, which illuminates our homes and apartments.

Alexander Popov in 1895 created a unique apparatus working without wires with the help of electromagnetic waves. This radio is the greatest conquest of a Russian person, an indispensable assistant of any resident of the planet. The Americans and the British offered the fabulous amounts so that Popov sells them their invention. He firmly replied that everything he came up with - belongs not to him, and his homeland.

Fate has always been favorable to Russian. All the first world inventions belong to the Russian person.

V.K. Zvorakin created the world's first electron microscope and the first TV. Thanks to its invention, the happy owners of TVs on March 10, 1939 began to watch the first regular television programs that were broadcast from the television center on Shabolovka.

And the first aircraft in the world invented Russian - A.F. Kakaiski. The complex design of the apparatus was able to raise a person for the first time into the sky.

Russian scientists invented the world's first satellite, ballistic missile and spacecraft. It was our compatriot that managed to create the first quantum generator, a crawler tractor and an electric tram. They always walked ahead - Russian scientists who managed to glorify our country.

Russians not only could conquer the world. They opened new lands, giving the world to look into the uncharted corners of the planet.

Famous Russian travelers

Two brothers, two rustic guys: Khariton and Dmitry Laptev. They dedicated their lives to the journey and research of the North. Having organized the Great Northern Expedition in 1739, they reached the coast of the Northern Ocean, opening new lands to the world. Sea Laptev - known to the whole world, thanks to their courage and perseverance in the development of the wild north.

Ferdinand Petrovich Vrangel led an expedition to explore Eastern Siberia. He opened the world a little-known science of the terrain and compiled a detailed geographical map of the northern coast of Eastern Siberia.

Nikolai Mikhailovich Przhevalsky explored the Ussuri region, opening the unknown geographical objects. He became the discoverer of Altyntag Mountains in Central Asia. The whole world found out about the famous horse Przhevalsky.

Miklukho-Maclay in 1870 went to New Guinea, where he spent 2 years, studying these lands, getting acquainted with the culture of wild tribes, their customs and religious rites. In 1996, the 150th anniversary of the traveler, UNESCO assigns him the title of "Citizen of the World".

Our contemporary - Yuri Senkevich conducted more than 100 studies of human survival in extreme conditions. He participated in the Antarctic Expedition, more than once was in the North Pole. His famous program "Traveler Club" had a million audience.

Perhaps not everyone reading their books and is not familiar with their creativity. But despite this, their names are familiar to every person, because they are genius of our era.

Popular Russian Writers

Lion Tolstoy - Count, Thinker, Honorary Academician, Outstanding Writer of the World. He had amazing abilities to learn foreign languages. Looking for the people, he learned to endure all the difficulties of life. Hearing his hands at the stove, he immediately turned them into the forwarder on the frost to learn not only to not fall in warmth, but not afraid of the cold. He sewed a canas robe for himself, in which he walked around the house, and at night he replaced him. He wanted to be like Diogen.

He was not interested in a secular life. On the bala, he was scattered, thinking about his. The ladies considered him boring, because he did not try to support secular conversations that were empty conversations for him. He wrote a lot of books that the whole world is read. His "Anna Karenina" and "War and Peace" - became world bestsellers.

Fedor Dostoevsky was the second child of 6 children's children. Father was a priest, a doctor in the hospital for the poor. Mother belonged to merchant clan. He learned to read the books of the Old and New Testament. He knew the gospel from childhood.

He spent 4 years at Katorga, leaving later to the soldiers. He was against power, which renounced the Christian morality and allowed the blood of the Russian people to shed. In his books are full of bitterness. Many consider it the most "depressive" writer of our era. But he created works, the influence of which was strongly reflected not only on the culture of Russia, but also the West.

Bulgakova had a careless youth, which he spent in the beautiful city of Kiev. He dreamed of careless and free life, but the hard character of his mother and the diligence of the Father-Professor attracted his authority to knowledge and contempt for ignorance.

Having received education, he worked in military hospitals and was a rural physician. He saved human lives, struggling with diseases. He lay in typhoid fever, every morning thinking that this is his last day. It is the disease that radically changed his life. He left medicine and began writing.

"The turbine brothers", "Dog's heart", "Master and Margarita" - brought the writer afternoon world glory. The triumphal march of the works of Bulgakov, which are translated into many languages \u200b\u200bof the world.

Russians won the world in all directions. Our books are read. Songs and films became part of a foreign culture.

Russian singers and actors famous for the whole world

Fedor Shalyapin - Russian Bass, People's Artist since 1918. For three years, he sang in the Big and Mariinsky Theaters, fulfilling only the first parties. Opera singer whose voice is impossible to confuse with anyone. He loved folk songs and romances, filling the space around a powerful voice with rich timbers.

The will of the fate had to leave Russia. Since 1922, he sang only abroad. But despite this, the world considers him an outstanding Russian singer.

Her voice knows all over the world. This is a legend woman. Of the five thousand people, she became the only girl who was chosen at the competition in the Choir Pyatnitsky. Lyudmila Zykin - Kumir 60s and an ideal for imitation at all times. Her "Orenburg scarf" and "flowing the Volga River" sing around the world. She did not like to be "gray mediocrity." She wore bright outfits and had weakness to jewels.

She was an important person and had friendship with government representatives. She loved everything: from the peasant and the worker to the Kremlin minister. She was the embodiment of a Russian woman, the Russian soul. She is an outstanding singer whose voice became a symbol of Russia.

Mark Bernes - Handsome man, conqueror of female hearts, singer, actor, sex symbol of the era of his time. For the first time, he was able to visit the theater for the first time and he sick for him for life. He dreamed of scene. He was a pilot of poster and worked for an evening spectacle. He sought to be as close as possible to this temple of art.

He played his first, small episodic role in the film "Man with a gun". In the film, he sang "clouds over the city stood." After the premiere of the film, the whole country spoke about him.

Playing in the film "Two Fighters", he was confident that this is his last role in life. The director was unhappy with them, the role was "not". Almost two months were tormented by trying to create an image. And he may have to say goodbye to the movie, but he was saved an inexperienced hairdresser. Going to trimmed, Bernes got to her hand. She "reached" his excellent hair under zero. Seeing this, the face of the director lit up a smile. It was the image he was looking for so long. For the performance of the role in this picture, the Government awarded Bernes by the Order of the Red Star. In 1965, he became a popular artist of Russia.

Innokenty Smoktunovsky is a provincial actor who arrived in Moscow could not go to the theater school. This failure "gave" the world from this outstanding actor. Having settled in the Theater Studio at Mosfilm, he immediately receives an episodic role in the film "Soldiers". And it became an upscale in his career. After the end of the filming, he plays in the "idiot", struggling with his game, transitions and nuances from one state to another. He was propheted worldwide glory, and this prophecy came true. An outstanding, the multifaceted talent of Smoktunovsky secured his reputation as the best actor of modernity.

Modern Russian actors deserve special attention. .
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Russian scientists pushed the curtain of the unknown, making their contribution to the evolution of scientific thought around the world. Many great Russian scientists worked abroad in research institutions with world name. Our countrymen collaborated with many outstanding scientific minds. The opening of Russian scientists became a catalyst for the development of technology and knowledge around the world, and many revolutionary ideas and discoveries in the world were created on the foundation of scientific achievements of famous Russian scientists.

The global discoveries of Russian scientists in the field of chemistry glorified our compatriots for the century. Mendeleev made the most important discovery for the world of chemistry - he described the periodic law of chemical elements. The periodic table received with time recognition all over the world and now it uses in all corners of our planet.

Great Russian scientists in aviation business can be called Sikorsky. The aircraft designer Sikorsky is known for its development on the creation of multi-motor aircraft. It was he who created the world's first aircraft with technical characteristics for vertical takeoff and landing - helicopter.

Not only Russian scientists contributed to an aviation business. For example, the nesther pilot is considered the founder of the top pilot figures, besides, it first proposed to use the illumination of the takele break during night flights.

Famous Russian scientists were in medicine: Pies, Botkin, swords and others. Mechnikov developed the doctrine of phagocytosis (protective factors of the body). Pirog's surgeon for the first time applied anesthesia in field conditions for the treatment of the patient and developed classical means of operational treatment that were used to this day. And the contribution of the Russian scientist Botkin was that he for the first time in Russia conducted research on experimental therapy and pharmacology.

On the example of these three regions of science, we see that the opening of Russian scientists are used in all spheres of life. But this is only a small share of all that was opened by Russian scientists. Our countrymen glorified their outstanding homeland in absolutely in all scientific disciplines, ranging from medicine and biology, and ending with developments in space technology. Russian scientists left for us, their descendants, a huge treasure of scientific knowledge to provide us with a colossal material for creating new great discoveries.

Alexander Ivanovich Oparin is a famous Russian biochemist, the author of the materialistic theory of life appearance on Earth.

Academician, Hero of Socialist Labor, Laureate of the Lenin Prize.

Childhood and youth

Curiousness, inquisitiveness and desire to understand how from a tiny seed can grow, for example, a huge tree, manifested in the boy very early. Already in childhood he was very interested in biology. He studied the life of plants not only by books, but also in practice.

The family of Oparin moved from the coal to a country house in the village of Kocaevo. There were the very first years of childhood.

Yuri Kondratyuk (Alexander Ignatievich Shargei), one of the prominent flight theoretics into space.

In the 60s, he became world famous thanks to the scientific justification of the way of flights of spacecraft to the moon.

The trajectory calculated by him received the name "Kondratyuk's track". She used American spacecraft Apollo to landing a person on the lunar surface.

Childhood and youth

This one of the prominent founders of Cosmonautics was born in Poltava 9 (21) June 1897. He spent his childhood in a grandmother's house. She was an obstetric, and her husband is a Zemsky doctor and a government official.

For some time, he lived with his father in St. Petersburg, where from 1903 he studied in the gymnasium on Vasilyevsky island. When the father died in 1910, the boy returned to his grandmother again.

Telegraph inventor. The name of the inventor of the telegraph is forever insisted in history, as the invention of shillings allowed to transmit information over long distances.

The device allowed to use radio - and electrical signals on wires. The need to transmit information always existed, but in 18-19 centners. In the face of growing urbanization and development of technology, the exchange of data has become relevant.

Telegraph solved this task, the term from the ancient Greek language was translated as "writing far."

Emily Khristianovich Lenz is the famous Russian scientist.

With a school bench, we all familiar to the law of Joule - Lenza, which establishes that the amount of heat released in the conductor in the conductor is proportional to the strength of the current and the conductor resistance.

Another famous law is "Lenza rule", according to which the induction current is always moving in the direction, the opposite is the action that has generated it.

early years

The initial name of the scientist - Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz. He was born in Derpete (Tartu) and by origin was the Baltic German.

His brother Robert Christianovich became a famous Easternist, and his son, also Robert, went in the footsteps of his father and became a physicist.

Tremakovsky Vasily man with a tragic destiny. So it was pleased with the fate that in Russia at one time there were two nuggets - Lomonosov and Tremakovsky, but one will be overwhelming and remain in the memory of the descendants, and the second will die into poverty forgotten by everyone.

From Scholyar to philologists

In 1703, Vasily Treyakovsky was boring on March 5th. He grew up in Astrakhan in a poor family of the clergy. 19 - The summer young man went to Moscow on foot to continue his studies in the Slavic-Greco-Latin Academy.

But in it, he was lingering for a while (2 years) and without regret, it was left to replenish the luggage of knowledge in Holland, and then to France - to Sorbonne, where he suffered a need and hunger, he studied for 3 years.

Here he participated in public disputes, compiled mathematical and philosophical sciences, was a listener of theology, studied French and Italian abroad.

"Father Satan", Academician Yangel Mikhail Kuzmich, was born on 10/25/1911 in the village. Zyryanova, Irkutsk region, originated from the family of descendants of the settlers-Katorzhan. At the end of the 6th grade (1926), Mikhail leaves for Moscow - to his older brother Konstantin, who studied there. When he studied in the 7th grade, she worked on a part-time stack of newspapers - orders typography. At the end of the FMU, she worked in the factory and at the same time he studied at Rabatka.

Student Mai. Beginning of professional career

In 1931, it comes to study in MAI - in the specialty "AirCreasing", and ends it in 1937 by a student, Mikhail Yangel is arranged in KB Polycarpov, in the future, its supervisor to protect the graduation project: "High-rise fighter with a hermetic cabin " Starting its work in KB Polycarpova Designer of the 2nd category, in ten years M.K. Yangel was the leading engineer, engaged in developing projects for fighters of new modifications.

02/13/1938, M.K. Yangel as part of a group of Soviet specialists in the field of the USSR aircraft engineering is visited by the United States for the purpose of a business trip. It is worth noting that the 30s of the twentieth century - this is quite an active period in collaboration of the USSR and the United States and not only in the field of engineering and aircraft construction, in particular, purchased (sufficiently limited parties) Small weapons - Tompson machine guns and colts pistols.

Scientist, founder of the theory of helicopter construction, doctor of technical sciences, Professor Mikhail Leontievich Miles owner of the Lenin and State Prizes, Hero of Socialist Labor.

Childhood, studies, youth

Mikhat Leontiev was born in Irkutsk, 11/23/1909 - in the family of a railway employee and a dentist doctor. Before you settle in the city of Irkutsk, his father, Leonthy Samuelovich, for 20 years I was looking for gold, working on the forecast. Grandfather, Samuel Mil, settled in Siberia at the end of a 25-year-old fleet service. From childhood, Mikhail showed versatile talents: loved to draw, he was fond of music and easily mastered foreign languages, engaged in the aircraft model. At the age of ten, he participated in the Siberian aircraft model, where the stage passing, Mishina was sent to the city of Novosibirsk, where he received one of the prizes.

Primary school, Mikhail ended in Irkutsk, at the end of which in 1925, he enters the Siberian Institute of Technology.

A.A. Ukhtomsky is an outstanding physiologist, a scientist, a researcher of muscle and nervous systems, as well as senses, laureate of the Lenin Prize and a member of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

Childhood. Education

Birth of Alexei Alekseevich Ukhtomsky occurred 13. (25) .06.1875 in the small town of Rybinsk. There was also his childhood and youth. This Volzhsky city forever left Alexey Alekseevich in the soul, the warmest and tender memories. He proudly marked himself throughout his life. When the boy graduated from the initial gymnasium, his father sent him to Nizhny Novgorod and defined the local Cadet Corps. The son obediently graduated from him, but the military service was never the limit of the dreams of a young man who had more sciences as history and philosophy.

Passion philosophy

I ignoring the service in the army, he went to Moscow and entered the spiritual seminary into two faculties immediately - philosophical and historical. Deeply studying philosophy, Ukhtomsky began to think much over the eternal questions about the world, about a person, about the essence of being. In the end, philosophical secrets led him to the study of natural sciences. As a result, he stopped at physiology.

A.P. Borodin knows as an outstanding composer, the author of the opera "Prince Igor", "Bogatyrskaya" symphonies and other musical works.

It is much less known as a scientist who has made an invaluable contribution to science in the field of organic chemistry.

Origin. early years

A.P. Borodin was the extramarital son of the 62-year-old Georgian Prince L. S. Genovenishvili and A.K. Antonova. It was born 31.10. (12.11) 1833.

He was recorded as the son of the fortress servants of Prince - spouses Porphyria Ionovich and Tatyana Grigorievna Borodiny. Thus, for eight years, the boy was listed in the house of the Father as a serf. But before his death (1840), the prince gave the liberty on his son, bought him and his mother Avdata Konstantinovna Antonova four-storey house, preliminarily issued her marriage for the Voignach Kleinek.

The boy, in order to avoid unnecessary rumors, represented the nephew of Avdoti Konstantinovna. Since the origin did not allow Alexander to study in the gymnasium, he studied at home to all the subjects of the gymnasic course, in addition, German and French, having received a wonderful home education.

1. P.N. Apple and A.N. Lododagin - the world's first light bulb

2. A.S. Popov - Radio

3. V.K. Zvorakin (the world's first electronic microscope, TV and television)

4. A.F. Mozhaisky - the inventor of the world's first aircraft

5. I.I. Sikorsky - the Great Aircraft Design, created the world's first helicopter, the world's first bomber

6. A.M. Understood - the world's first video recorder

7. S.P. Korolev - the world's first ballistic rocket, spacecraft, first Earth satellite

8. A.M.Prokhorov and N.G. Basov - the world's first quantum generator - Maser

9. S. V. Kovalevskaya (the first woman in the world - Professor)

10. S.M. Prokudin-Gorsky - the world's first color photo

11. A.A.Alekseev - Needle Screen Creator

12. F.A. Pyroatsky - the world's first electric tram

13. F.A. Blinov - the world's first tracked tractor

14. V.A. Oldevich - Surround-multiplication cinema

15. E.M. Artamonov - invented the world's first bike with pedals, steering wheel with a rotating wheel

16. O.V. Losev - the world's first amplifier and generating semiconductor device

17. V.P. Mutalin - the world's first hinged building combine

18. A. R. Vlasenko - the first combustion machine in the world

19. V.P. Demikhov - the first in the world carried the lung transplant and the first created model of artificial heart

20. A.P. Vinogradov - created a new direction in science - geochemistry of isotopes

21.I.I. Sliders - the world's first thermal engine

22. G. E. Kotelnikov - the first Ranger rescue parachute

23. I.V. Kurchatov - the first nuclear power plant (Obninskaya), also under his leadership the first hydrogen bomb in the world with a capacity of 400 Kt was developed, undermined on August 12, 1953. It was the Kurchatov team who developed the RDS-202 thermonuclear bomb (tsar-bomb) of a record capacity of 52,000 KT.

24. M. O. Tolivo-Dobrovolsky - invented the three-phase current system, built a three-phase transformer than put the point in disputes of supporters of permanent (edison) and alternating current

25. V. P. Vologdin - the world's first high-voltage mercury straightener with a liquid cathode, developed induction furnaces for using high frequency currents in industry

26. S.O. Kostovich - created in 1879 the world's first gasoline engine

27. V.P. Glushko - the world's first e / thermal rocket engine

28. V. V. Petrov - opened the phenomenon of arc discharge

29. N. G. Slavyanov - Arc Electric Welding

30. I. F. Aleksandrovsky - invented the stereo apparatus

31. D.P. Grigorovich - Creator of the Hydrosolt

32.G.Fedorov - the world's first automatic

33. A.K.Nartov - built the world's first lathe with a movable caliper

34. M.V. Lomonosov - For the first time in science, the principle of preserving matter and movement was formulated, for the first time in the world began to read the course of physical chemistry, first discovered the existence of an atmosphere on Venus

35. IP Culibine - Mechanic, developed a project of the world's first wooden arched union bridge, the inventor of the spotlight

36. V.V.Petrov - physicist, developed the world's largest galvanic battery; opened electric arc

37. P.I.Prokopovich - For the first time in the world invented the framework of the Flow, in which the store applied with the framework

38. N.I.Lobachevsky - Mathematics, the creator of "non-child geometry"

39. D.A. Zagryazhsky - invented a caterpillar

40. B.O. Squobi - invented galvanoplasty and the world's first electric motor with direct rotation of the working shaft

41. P.P.Anosov - Metallurg, revealed the secret of the manufacture of ancient beads

42. D.I. Zhuravsky - for the first time developed the theory of settlements of bridge farms, which is currently used worldwide

43. N.I.Pirogov - For the first time in the world, the Atlas "Topographic Anatomy" was atlas, which did not have analogue, invented anesthesia, plaster and much more

44. I.R. Hermann - for the first time in the world amounted to a summary of uranium minerals

45. A.M. Butlerov - for the first time formulated the main provisions of the theory of the structure of organic compounds

46. \u200b\u200bIM Schechenov - the creator of evolutionary and other schools of physiology, published its main work "Brain Reflexes"

47. D.I. Inendeyev - opened the periodic law of chemical elements, the creator of the Table of the same name

48. M.A.Novinsky - Veterinary doctor, laid the foundations of experimental oncology

49. G.G.Nignatev - For the first time in the world, developed a system of simultaneous telephoning and telegraphing on one cable

50. K.S.Jewetsky - built the world's first submarine with an electric motor

51. N.I. Kiblchich - for the first time in the world developed a scheme of a rocket aircraft

52. N.N. Benardos - invented electric welding

53. V.V. Dokucheev - laid the foundations of genetic soil science

54. V.I. Szzannevsky - Engineer, invented the world's first aerial photography

55. A.G.Stolets - physicist, for the first time in the world created a photocell based on an external photo effect

56. P.D. Kuzminsky - built the world's first gas turbine in the world

57. I.V. Boldyrev - the first flexible photosensitive non-combustible film, was based on the creation of cinema

58. I.A.Timchenko - developed the world's first film equipment

59. S.M.Apostolov-Berdichevsky and M.F. Freudenberg - created the world's first automatic telephone exchange

60. N.D.pilchov - physicist, for the first time in the world created and successfully demonstrated a system of wireless control

61. V.A.Gassiev - Engineer, built the world's first photophone machine

62. K.E. Tsiolkovsky - the founder of astronautics

63. P.N. Lebedev - physicist, for the first time in science experimentally proved the existence of pressure of light on solid bodies

64. I.P. Pavlov - the creator of the science of the highest nervous activity

65. V.I. Vernadsky - naturalist, creator of many scientific schools

66. A.N. Skryabin - Composer, for the first time in the world used light effects in the symphonic poem "Prometheus"

67. N.E. Zhukovsky - Creator of aerodynamics

68. S.V. Lebedev - first received artificial rubber

69. G.A. Tikhov - Astronomer, for the first time in the world found that the Earth when observing it from the space should have a blue color. In the future, as you know, it was confirmed when shooting our planet from space

70. N.D. Zelinsky - developed the world's first coal high efficient gas mask

71. N.P. Dubinin - genetics, discovered the division of the gene

72. MA Koelestnikov - invented Turbobur in 1922

73. E.K. Zamer opened electric paramagnetic resonance

74. N.I. Lunin - proved that there are vitamins in the body of living beings

75. N.P. Wagner - opened insect pedogenesis

76. Svyatoslav Fedorov - the first in the world spent the treatment of glaucoma

77. S.S. Yudin - for the first time applied in the clinic blood transfusion suddenly dead people

78. A.V. Shubbnikov - predicted existence and first created piezoelectric textures

79. L.V. Shubnikov - Effect of Schubnikova-de Haaza (magnetic properties of superconductors)

80. N.A. Rangaryzhev - opened the phenomenon of the passivity of metals in non-aqueous electrolytes

81. P.P. Lazarev - the creator of the ion theory of excitement

82. P.A. Molchanov - meteorologist, created the world's first radio

83. N.A. The minds - the physicist, the energy equation, the concept of energy stream; By the way, the first explained almost and ether to delibe the theory of relativity

84. E.S. Fedorov - the founder of crystallography

85. G.S. Petrov - Chemist, first synthetic detergent

86. V.F. Petrushevsky - scientist and general, invented a rangefinder for artillery

87.I.I. Orlov - invented a way to manufacture woven credit tickets and a method of single-rogon multiple printing (Oryol Print)

88. Mikhail Ostrogradsky - Mathematics, Formula O. (multiple integral)

89. P.L. Chebyshev - Mathematician, polynomials Ch. (Orthogonal system of functions), parallelogram

90. P.A. Cherenkov - physicist, radiation Ch. (New optical effect), Counter C. (nuclear radiation detector in nuclear physics)

91. D.K. Chernov - points of C. (Critical points of the phase transformations of steel)

92. V.I. Kalashnikov is not that kalashnikov, but the other who first equipped the river ships with a steam engine with a multiple steam expansion

93. A.V. Kirsanov - chemist-organizing, reaction K. (phosphozoaction)

94. A.M. Lyapunov - Mathematics, created the theory of stability, equilibrium and movement of mechanical systems with a finite number of parameters, as well as theorem L. (one of the limit theorems of probability theory)

95. Dmitry Konovalov - Chemist, the laws of Konovalov (elasticity of pararoitters)

96. S.N. Reformed - a chemical-organogen, Reformed reaction

97. V.A. Semennikov - Metallurg, the first in the world in the world did not care for the copper matte and got black copper

98. I.R. Prigogin - Physicist, Theorem P. (Thermodynamics of non-equilibrium processes)

99. M.M. Protodiakonov - a scientist, developed a worldwide fortress-generally accepted

100. M.F. Shostakovsky - Chemist Organic, Balsam Sh. (Vinylin)

101. M.S. Color - Color Method (Chromotography of Plant Pigments)

102. A.N. Tupolev - constructed the world's first jet passenger aircraft and the first supersonic passenger aircraft

103. A.S. Faminzin - physiologist of plants, the first developed a method for implementing photosynthetic processes in artificial lighting

104. B.S. Stechkin - created two great theories - the thermal calculation of aircraft engines and air-jet engines

105. A.I. Leipunk - physicist, opened the power transmission phenomenon with excited atoms and

Molecules free electrons in collisions

106. D.D. Maksutov - Optic, Telescope M. (Menisk System of Optical Devices)

107. N.A. Menshutykin - Chemist, opened the effect of the solvent on the rate of chemical reaction

108. I.I. Swords - founders of evolutionary embryology

109. S.N. Vinogradsky - opened chemosynthesis

110. V.S. Highlights - Metallurg, invented the method of producing armor plates by rolling method

111. A.I. Bakhmutsky - invented the world's first coal combine (for coal mining)

112. A.N. Belozersky - opened DNA in higher plants

113. S.S. PRUKHONENKO - physiologist, created the first apparatus of artificial blood circulation in the world (autotent)

114. G.P. Georgiev - Biochemist, opened RNA in animal cell nuclei

115. E. A. Murzin - invented the world's first optical-electronic synthesizer "ANS"

116. P.M. Golubitsky - Russian inventor in telephony

117. V. F. Mitkevich - for the first time in the world offered to use a three-phase arc for welding metals

118. L.N. Gobyato - Colonel, the world's first mortar was invented in Russia in 1904

119. V.G. Shukhov - inventor, the first in the world applied for the construction of buildings and steensions steel mesh shells

120. I.F. Trrusenshtern and Yu.F. Lisyansky - made the first Russian world journey, studied the islands of the Pacific Ocean, described the life of Kamchatka and about. Sakhalin

121. F.F. BELLINSGAUZEN and M.P. Lazarev - opened Antarctica

122. The world's first icebreaker in the world is a steamer of the Russian fleet "Pylot" (1864), the first Arctic icebreaker - "Ermak", built in 1899 under the leadership of S.O. Makarova.

123. V.N. Chev is the founder of biogeocenology, one of the founders of the teachings on phytocenosis, its structure, classification, dynamics, relationships with the medium and its animal population

124. Alexander Hestmeyanov, Alexander Arbuzov, Grigory Razuev - the creation of chemistry of elementorganic compounds.

125. V.I. Levkov - Under his leadership, for the first time in the world, apparatuses on an air cushion were created

126. G.N. Babakin - Russian Designer, Creator of Soviet Moonholders

127. P.N. Nesterov - the first in the world performed a closed curve in the vertical plane on the plane, "dead loop", called subsequently "Nesterov's loop"

128. B. B. Golitsyn - became the founder of the new science of seismology

And many more and many others ...

Our understanding of the world in the flowering of the technological era is all this, and much more is the result of the work of numerous scientists. We live in a progressive world, which develops in a huge pace. This growth and progression is the product of science, numerous studies and experiments. All we use, including cars, electricity, health care and science - the result of inventions and discoveries of these intellectuals. If it were not for the greatest minds of humanity, we still live in the Middle Ages. People perceive everything as proper, but it is still worth giveing \u200b\u200btribute to whom we have what we have. This list presents ten greatest scientists in history, the inventions of which have changed our lives.

Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

Sir Isaac Newton is an English physicist and mathematician, is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time. The contribution of Newton to science is wide and unique, and the bred laws are still taught in schools as the basis of scientific understanding. His genius is always mentioned together with a funny story - allegedly, Newton opened the power of gravity thanks to the apple, falling from the tree to his head. Truthful story about an apple, or not, but Newton also approved the heliocentric model of space, built the first telescope, formulated the empirical law of cooling and studied the speed of the sound. As mathematician, Newton also took a lot of discoveries that influenced the further development of humanity.

Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

Albert Einstein is a physicist of German origin. In 1921, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for the opening of the photovoltaic effect. But the most important achievement of the greatest scientist in history is the theory of relativity, which, along with quantum mechanics, forms the basis of modern physics. It also formulated the ratio of the equivalence of mass energy E \u003d M, which is called as the most famous equation in the world. He also collaborated with other scientists at work, such as Bose Einstein statistics. Einstein's letter to President Roosevelt in 1939, leading to the willingness of its possible nuclear weapons, as expected, is a key incentive in the development of the US atomic bomb. Einstein believes that this is the biggest mistake of his life.

James Maxwell (1831-1879)

Maxwell - Scottish mathematician and physicist, introduced the concept of an electromagnetic field. He proved that the light and the electromagnetic field are moved at the same speed. In 1861 Maxwell made the first color photo after research in the field of optics and colors. The work of Maxwell over thermodynamics and kinetic theory also helped other scientists to make a number of important discoveries. The distribution of Maxwenel-Boltzmann is another major contribution to the development of the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics.

Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)

Louis Paster, French chemist and microbiologist, whose main invention was the process of pasteurization. Pasteur made a number of discoveries in the field of vaccination, creating vaccines from rabies and Siberian ulcers. He also studied the reasons and developed methods for the prevention of diseases than they saved many lives. All this made Pasteur "Father Microbiology". This greatest scientist founded the Pasteur Institute to continue scientific research in many areas.

Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

Charles Darwin is one of the most influential figures in the history of mankind. Darwin, English Naturalist and Zoologist, put forward an evolutionary theory and evolutionism. He provided the basis for understanding the origin of human life. Darwin explained that all his life appeared from the general ancestors and that the development was occurring through natural selection. This is one of the dominant scientific explanations of the diversity of life.

Maria Curi (1867-1934)

Maria Curie was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) and Chemistry (1911). She became not only the first woman who received a prize, but also the only woman who made it in two fields and the only person who achieved it in different sciences. Its main field of research was radioactivity - methods of isolation of radioactive isotopes and the opening of polonium and radium elements. During World War II, Curi opened the first X-ray center in France, and also developed a mobile field x-ray that helped save the lives of many soldiers. Unfortunately, the prolonged impact of radiation led to aplastic anemia, from which Curie died in 1934.

Nikola Tesla (1856-1943)

Nikola Tesla, Serbian American, the most famous for its work in the field of modern power supply and alternating current system. Tesla at the initial stage worked at Thomas Edison - Developed engines and generators, but later quit. In 1887, he built an asynchronous engine. Tesla experiments gave rise to the invention of radio communications, and the special nature of Tesla gave him a nickname "crazy scientist." In honor of this greatest scientist, in 1960, the unit for measuring the induction of the magnetic field was called "Tesla".

Niels Bor (1885-1962)

Nobel Prize in 1922 Danish physics in 1922, for its work on quantum theory and the structure of the atom. Bor is known for the opening of the atom model. In honor of this greatest scientist, they even called the element of the Borium, previously known as "Gafnia". Bor also played an important role in the founding of the CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research.

Galileo Galilee (1564-1642)

Galileo Galilee is most famous for its achievements in astronomy. Italian physicist, astronomer, mathematician and philosopher, he improved the telescope and made important astronomical observations, among which the confirmation of the Venus phases and the opening of Jupiter satellites. Furious support for heliocentrism was the reason for the persecution of the scientist, Galilee was even subjected to homely arrest. At that time, he wrote 'two new sciences', thanks to which was called the "father of modern physics."

Aristotle (384-322 BC)

Aristotle is a Greek philosopher, which is the first real scientist in history. His views and ideas influence scientists and in a later year. He was a student of Plato and Alexander Great Teacher. Its work covers a wide variety of objects - physics, metaphysics, ethics, biology, zoology. His views on natural science and physics were innovative and became the base for the further development of humanity.

Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834 - 1907)

Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev can be bolded by one of the greatest scientists in the history of mankind. He discovered one of the fundamental laws of the Universe - the periodic law of chemical elements, which was subordinate to all the universe. The history of this amazing person deserves many volumes, and its discoveries became the engine of the development of the modern world.