Read three forms. Irregular English verbs

Date of: 16.12.2023

Ladies and gentlemen, it's time for shameless and daring cramming! This is how you can remember the most commonly used irregular verbs with pronunciation, which we have carefully selected for you, just as the leaves of the best varieties of tea are selected. Autumn is in full swing - brew some tea and let's go over the 3 forms of irregular verbs. Let's go!

Good to know that some of these verbs have the same spelling and pronunciation of all 3 forms, but there is also an insidious verb read, 2 and 3 forms of which are read . So pay attention! And don't screw this up!

Basic irregular verbs with the same forms

So, at first it will be much easier to memorize the above-mentioned irregular verbs of the English language than to cram everything. Here they are:

bet bet
burst explode)
cast cast a shadow, drop
cost cost, estimate
cut cut
fit fit (about clothes)
hit hit, hit
hurt injure, hurt, damage
let allow, allow
put put, put
quit leave, leave
rid rid
set install, install, configure
shed[ʃed] to shed (tears)
shit shit
shut[ʃʌt] close
slit cut
split divide, split, split
spread distribute
wet wet

In general, there are as many as 638 irregular verbs in the English language. But, fortunately, about 200+ are mostly used, and of these, the 100 most popular ones are used. Of course, you can learn all 638 and write a bestseller or retell Shakespeare in English. But do you really need that?

3 more verbs, the 1st and 3rd forms of which are the same:

come came come come
become became become become
run ran run run

Ways to form irregular verbs

So, easy! If the verb in Past Simple and Past Participle does not have the ending “- ed"(I felt / she has forgiven) - then he wrong, that is, verbs forming the Past Simple and Past Participle forms don't add ending «- ed» to the infinitive form, but are formed in other wonderful ways.

Like this, for example:

Change root vowels on " o"and adding graduation To 3 form:

break[brek] br o ke br o k en["brəuk(ə)n] (c)break
choose ch o se ch o se n["tʃəuz(ə)n] choose
forget forg o t forg o t ten forget
freeze fr o ze fr o ze n freeze, freeze
get g o t gott en["gɔtn] receive
speak sp o ke sp o ke n["spəuk(ə)n] talk
steal st o le st o le n["stəulən] steal
tear t o re t o r n tear
wake w o ke w o ke n["wəuk(ə)n] wake up
wear w o re w o r n put on

Change root vowels on " o» only in 2 verb form:

drive dr o ve driven ["drɪv(ə)n] to drive a car
ride r o de ridden ["rɪd(ə)n] to ride on horseback
rise r o se risen ["rɪz(ə)n] rise
write wr o te written ["rɪt(ə)n] write

Appearing in 2 form graduation «- ew", and in 3 — «- own"

blow bl ew bl own blow
fly fl ew fl own fly
grow gr ew gr own grow, grow
know kn ew kn own know
throw[θrəu]thr ew[θru:]thr own[θrəun] to throw

Changing endings 2 And 3 forms on "- ought" And "- aught»

bring br ought br ought bring
buy b ought b ought buy
catch c aught c aught catch
fight f ought f ought fight
seek s ought s ought search
teach t aught t aught teach
think[θɪŋk] th ought[θɔ:t] th ought[θɔ:t] to think

Change " ee" on " e» in 2 And 3 verb form + change in pronunciation

keep k e pt k e pt hold
sleep sl e pt sl e pt sleep
feel f e lt f e lt feel
bleed bl e dbl e d bleed
feed f e d f e d feed
meet m e t m e t meet
lead l e d l e d lead

Alternating vowels at the root of the word in all 3 forms according to the principle “ i-a-u»:

begin beg a nbeg u n start
drink dr a nk dr u nk drink
ring r a ng r u ng call
shrink[ʃrɪŋk] shr a nk [ʃræŋk] shr u nk [ʃrʌŋk] to shrink
sing s a ng s u ng sing
sink s a nk s u nk to sink, to sink
spring spr a ng spr u ng to arise, jump out
swim sw a m sw u m swim

And now! The most incorrect English verbs at all! They are so wrong that Dr. Evil himself (from the Austin Powers films) would be shocked! They defy explanation and logic, they do whatever they want, in a word, they are simply destroyers of the system! But what are the necessary and useful ones:

be was/were been to be, to be
do did done do
go went gone go
have had had have
make made made do, manufacture

Is there some more incorrect and at the same time correct verbs, kind of inverted verbs. Check it out!

VERB	2 FORM	3 FORM	TRANSLATION
bereave		bereft/bereaved	deprive
bet	bet/betted	bet/betted	bet
broadcast["brɔ:dkɑ:st]	broadcast/broadcasted	broadcast/broadcasted	broadcast, convey
burn	burned/burnt	burned/burnt	burn, burn
bust	busted/bust	busted/bust	organize a raid
chide	chided/chid	chided/chidden	scold
clothe	clothed/clad	clothed/clad	dress
crow	crew/crowed	crowed	crow, shout joyfully croak, sneer
dive	dived/dove	dived	dive
dream	dreamed/dreamt	dreamed/dreamt	dream, dream
forecast["fɔ:kɑ:st]	forecast/forecasted ["fɔ:kɑ:st/"fɔ:kɑ:sted]	forecast/forecasted ["fɔ:kɑ:st/"fɔ:kɑ:sted]	to predict the weather) make a forecast
gild	gild/gilded	gild/gilded	gild gild
gird	girt/girded	girt/girded	surround, tighten (belt) attach a sword to a belt
hamstring["hæmstrɪŋ]	hamstringed/hamstrung ["hæmstrɪŋd/"hæmstrʌŋ]	hamstringed/hamstrung ["hæmstrɪŋd/"hæmstrʌŋ]	cut, mutilate
lean	lean/lean	lean/lean	tilt) bend
leap	leapt/leaped	leapt/leaped	jump, gallop
learn	learned/learnt	learned/learnt	study)
light	lit/lighted	lit/lighted	light up, illuminate
shrive[ʃraɪv]	shrove/shrived [ʃrəuv/ʃraɪvd]	shriven/shrived ["ʃrɪv(ə)n/ʃraɪvd]	confess repent
spell	spelled/spelled	spelled/spelled	spell or spell to bewitch, to bewitch
spill	spilt/spilled	spilt/spilled	spill, spill spill, spill
spoilv	spoiled/spoilt	spoiled/spoilt	(is)spoil
thrive[θraɪv]	throve/thrived [θrəuv/θraɪvd]	thriven/thrived ["θrɪv(ə)n/θraɪvd]	prosper prosper
wake	woke/awakened	woken/awakened ["wəuk(ə)n/weɪkt]	wake up

We recommend remembering the form that is most familiar to you. After all, even the verb “ work" has irregular forms Past Indefinite and Past Participle (in both cases wrought), but it is outdated and practically not used. Create your own lists of irregular verbs and distribute them into categories that are convenient for you to memorize. And everything will be just fine!

100 most popular irregular verbs in English

table of irregular verbs

Infinitive	Past Simple	Past Participle	Translation
be	was/were	been	to be, to be
beat	beat	beaten	beat, pound
become	became	become	become
be	was/were	been	to be, to be
begin	began	begun	start off
bend	bent	bent	bend
bet	bet	bet	bet
bite	bit	bitten	bite
blow	blew	blown	blow, exhale
break	broke	broken	break, smash destroy
bring	brought	brought	bring, bring deliver
build	built	built	build, construct
buy	bought	bought	buy, acquire
catch	caught	caught	catch, catch grab
choose	chose	chosen	choose, elect
come	came	come	come, approach
cost	cost	cost	cost, cost
cut	cut	cut	cut, cut
deal	dealt	dealt	deal, distribute
dig	dug	dug	dig, dig
do	did	done	do, perform
draw	drew	drawn	draw, draw
drink	drank	drunk	drink
drive	drove	driven	ride, give a ride
eat	ate	eaten	eat, absorb eat
fall	fell	fallen	fall
feed	fed	fed	feed
feel	felt	felt	feel, sense
fight	fought	fought	fight, battle fight
find	found	found	find, discover
fly	flew	flown	fly
forget	forgot	forgotten	forget about (something)
be	was/were	been	to be, to be
forgive	forgave	forgiven	forgive
freeze	froze	frozen	freeze, freeze
get	got	got	receive, get
give	gave	given	give, give, donate
go	went	gone	go, move
grow	grew	grown	grow, grow up
hang	hung	hung	hang up, hang up hang
have	had	had	have, possess
hear	heard	heard	hear, hear
hide	hid	hidden	hide, conceal
hit	hit	hit	hit, hit
hold	held	held	hold, hold detain
hurt	hurt	hurt	injure, bruise to cause a pain
keep	kept	kept	store, save support
know	knew	known	know, have an idea
lay	laid	laid	put cover
lead	led	led	lead, accompany lead
leave	left	left	leave, leave leave, leave
lend	tape	tape	lend lend (lend)
let	let	let	allow, allow
lie	lay	lain	lie
light	lit	lit	light up, glow illuminate
lose	lost	lost	lose, be deprived lose
make	made	made	do, create manufacture
mean	meant	meant	mean, mean mean
meet	met	met	meet, get acquainted
pay	paid	paid	pay, pay pay off
put	put	put	put, place put
read	read	read	read, read
ride	rode	ridden	ride, ride
ring	rank	rung	ring, ring
rise	rose	risen	ascend, rise get up
run	ran	run	run, run
say	said	said	talk, say pronounce
see	saw	seen	see
seek	sought	sought	search, look for
sell	sold	sold	sell, trade
send	sent	sent	send, send send
set	set	set	install, set assign
shake	shook	shaken	shake, shake
shine	shone	shone	shine, shine, illuminate
shoot	shot	shot	fire
show	showed	shown/showed	show
shut	shut	shut	close, lock shut
sing	sang	sung	sing, hum
sink	sank	sunk	to sink, to sink
sit	sat	sat	sit, sit down
sleep	slept	slept	sleep
speak	spoke	spoken	talk, talk speak out
spend	spent	spent	spend, spend spend time)
stand	stood	stood	stand
steal	stole	stolen	steal, steal
stick	stuck	stuck	glue
strike	struck	struck/stricken	hit, beat hit
swear	swore	sworn	swear, swear
sweep	swept	swept	sweep/sweep swipe
swim	swam	swum	swim/float
swing	swung	swung	swing, spin
take	took	taken	take, grab, take
teach	taught	taught	teach, train
tear	tore	torn	tear, tear off
tell	told	told	tell
think	thought	thought	think, think ponder
throw	threw	thrown	throw, throw throw
understand	understood	understood	understand, comprehend
wake	woke up	woken	wake up, wake up
wear	wore	worn	wear clothes)
win	won	won	win, win
write	wrote	written	write, record

Memory game

We are talking about the analogy of a card “fool”. Irregular verbs in English are written on the cards, each form on a separate card. One deck contains about 20 verbs, that's 60 cards. Players are dealt 6 cards. The one with the initial form of the verb goes first. The next one must put the first or second form of this verb, or another verb in the initial form. For example: the first player makes a move with “go”, the second must put “went” or “gone”, or another verb in the initial form, for example, “come”. Further - by analogy. There is also a joker - this is a verb in which all forms are the same, for example “hit-hit-hit”. With the Joker, you can change the top card, that is, order the form of the verb that the owner of the Joker needs. If there are no suitable cards, then you need to take from the deck until you get one. The deck is disassembled to the end, and the one who does not have a single card left wins. The game is going great! Try it!

We hope that learning English irregular verbs will now become easier! And so that you have no doubts, we invite you to take a trial lesson! Don't be shy ;)

Big and friendly EnglishDom family

English is a language of exceptions, where when learning a new grammatical rule, students are faced with a dozen buts in which this rule does not apply. One of these rules is the use of irregular verbs in the past tense. For many English learners, this topic is a nightmare. But you can’t do without them, because these are the realities of English! However, there is good news - modern English is gradually getting rid of irregular verbs, replacing them with regular ones. Why and how - we'll look at it in the article.

Why are English verbs irregular?

Not only foreigners, but also native speakers themselves experience difficulty in using irregular verbs. But nevertheless, for English philologists, the non-standardity of this part of speech is not a drawback, but a reason for pride. They believe that irregular verbs are a cultural monument that perpetuates the history of the English language. The explanation for this fact is the Germanic roots of the origin of irregular verbs, which makes British English a traditional variant of the language. For comparison, Americans are trying hard to get rid of the irregular shape, converting it into the correct one. Therefore, the list of non-standard verbs increases for those who learn both versions of the language. Thus, the incorrect version is ancient, which is reflected in prose and poetry.

How many forms does a verb have in English?

Speaking about verbs in English, it should be noted that they have 3 forms:

infinitive, aka ;
I, or Participle I, - this form is used in the simple past tense (Past Simple) and the 2nd and 3rd cases of the conditional mood (Conditional of the 2-d and of the 3-d case);
Past Participle II, or Participle II, for the simple perfect tense of the past tense (Past Perfect), passive voice (Passive Voice) and conditional of the 3-d case.

The table "Three in English" is presented later in the article.

What are regular and irregular verbs? Education rules

Regular verbs are those in which the past form (Past Simple) and the form Participle II (Participle II) are formed by adding the ending -ed to the initial form. The table "Three verb forms in English. Regular verbs" will help you better understand this rule.

There are some features when forming Participle I and Participle II:

if the verb ends with the letter -e, then adding -ed does not double it;
The consonant in monosyllabic verbs is duplicated when added. Example: stop - stopped (stop - stopped);
if the verb ends in -y with a preceding consonant, then y changes to i before adding -ed.

Verbs that do not obey the general rule in the formation of tense forms are called irregular. In English, these include the Past Simple and Participle II verb forms.

Irregular verbs are formed using:

ablauta, in which the root changes. Example: swim - swam - swum (swim - swam - swam);

the use of suffixes different from those accepted in the grammar of the language. Example: do - did - done (do - did - did);

identical or unchangeable form. Example: cut - cut - cut (cut - cut - cut).

Because each irregular verb has its own inflection, they must be learned by heart.

There are a total of 218 irregular verbs in the English language, of which approximately 195 are in active use.

Recent research in the field of language shows that rare verbs are gradually disappearing from the language due to the replacement of the 2nd and 3rd forms with forms of the regular verb, that is, the addition of the ending - ed. This fact is confirmed by the table “Three verb forms in English” - the table presents a number of verbs that have both regular and irregular forms.

table of irregular verbs

The table "Three Forms of Irregular Verbs in English" includes the most frequently used verbs. The table shows 3 forms and translation.

Irregular verbs came to modern English from Old English, which was spoken by the Angles and Saxons - British tribes.

Irregular verbs evolved from so-called strong verbs, each of which had its own type of conjugation.

Researchers from Harvard found that the majority of verbs used are irregular, and they will remain so because they are used more often than others.

There is also a phenomenon in the history of the English language when a regular verb became irregular. For example, sneak, which has 2 forms - sneaked and snuck.

Not only English learners have problems with verbs, but also native speakers, as even they find themselves in awkward situations when it comes to this difficult part of speech.

One of them is Jennifer Garner, who all her life was sure that sneak was the correct verb.

She was corrected by the host of one of the programs in which the actress took part. With a dictionary in hand, he pointed out to Jennifer her mistake.

Therefore, you should not be upset if you make mistakes when using irregular verbs. The main thing is that they do not become systematic.

Regular verbs

The table "Three forms of regular verbs in English with transcription and translation" is compiled on the basis of the most frequently used verbs.

		Past Participle I and II
ask
answer
allow
agree
borrow, borrow

copy, rewrite
prepare
close

carry, drag
call, call
discuss
decide, decide
explain	explain
slide
cry, scream
finish, finish, end

shine
rub
grab
to help
happen, happen
manage
look


like
move, move
manage
to be necessary, to need
open
recall


suggest	sadgesture
study, study
stop, stop
start off
travel
speak
transfer	translate
try, try
use
worry
walk, walk
look

work

Examples of using 3 forms of verbs with translation

Above we looked at 3 forms of verbs in English. A table with examples of use and translation will help reinforce the topic.

Here, for each grammatical construction, two examples are given - one with regular and one with irregular verbs.

Grammar design	Example in English	Translation
Past Simple	Peter worked yesterday. She felt bad last week.	Peter worked yesterday. She didn't feel well last week.
Present Perfect Tense	James has already helped me. Have you ever been to Thailand?	James has already helped me. Have you ever been to Thailand?
Past Perfect Tense	I understood that I had used my last ticket. Helen noticed that she had forgotten her documents at home.	I realized that I had used the last ticket. She realized that she had forgotten the documents at home.
Passive Voice	Amy was taken to the zoo last Sunday. A baby is sung a lullaby every night.	Amy was taken to the zoo last Sunday. The baby is sung a lullaby every night.
Conditional	If I had money, I would buy a car. If she could help us, she would have done it.	If I had money, I would buy a car. If she could help us, she would.

Exercises

To better memorize irregular verbs, you need not only to learn them by heart and repeat them, but also to perform various exercises.

Exercise 1. Here is the table "Three verb forms in English. Irregular verbs." Fill in one of the three missing forms.

Exercise 2. Here is the table "Three verb forms in English. Regular verbs." Insert forms Participle I and II.

Exercise 3. Using the tables, translate the following sentences into English.

I was reading a book.
We saw them yesterday.
The Smiths lived in London until 2000. They then moved to Manchester.
Alice was a university student in 2014.
They worked in the same company two years ago.
He just finished training.
When we were children, my mother often took us to this park.
I drove a toy car as a child.

Answers to exercises

Exercise 1.

Exercise 2.

asked, borrowed, closed, decided, explained, helped, started, traveled, used, worked.

Exercise 3.

I read a book.
We saw them yesterday.
The Smiths lived in London till 2000. Then they moved to Manchester.
Alice was a student of Univercity in 2014.
They worked in the same company two years ago.
He has just finished training.
When we were children we took for a walk to this park.
I drove a toy car in my childhood.

Make it a habit to periodically repeat the basic forms of the English verb. A table with irregular verbs, doing exercises and periodic repetition will help you quickly cope with the difficulties of the English language.

In the past tense, the verb after any pronoun comes in the same form - with the ending - ed - or completely changes its shape. In the first case, we are dealing with regular verbs whose endings are - ed . In the second case, we are faced with irregular verbs.

You cannot add to them - E.D. , because in the past tense these verbs change completely.

This is exactly what we are seeing with do. It's not in the past tense done (as it should be according to the rule), and did , because do is an irregular verb.

So how do you determine whether a verb is regular or not?

A little “female” logic will help us here: you just need to learn the table of irregular verbs and their translation. Those not on this list are correct. But the catch is that there are about 200 irregular verbs! And multiply this number by 3 (an irregular verb has 3 forms: one is the present tense, the second is the past tense, the third is the participle). However, the list of verbs necessary in everyday life is not so extensive - almost 2 times less. You need to know them first of all.

How to remember irregular verbs?

Repeat out loud 3 forms of each verb, so they are perfectly remembered - like a rhyme! Or print out a book to quickly memorize irregular verbs ().

Table of irregular verbs with translations

Table. Irregular verbs with translation

Present tense	Past tense	Participle	Translation
1. awake	awoke	awoken	wake up
2.be	was, were	been	be
3. beat	beat	beaten	beat
4. become	became	become	become
5.begin	began	begun	start off
6. bend	bent	bent	bend over, bend over
7. bite	bit	bitten	bite
8.blow	blew	blown	blow
9.break	broke	broken	break
10.bring	brought	brought	bring
11.broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	broadcast
12.build	built	built	build
13. burn	burned/burnt	burned/burnt	burn, burn
14.buy	bought	bought	buy
15.catch	caught	caught	catch
16. choose	chose	chosen	choose
17. come	came	come	come
18. cost	cost	cost	cost
19.cut	cut	cut	cut
20.dig	dug	dug	dig
21. do	did	done	do
22.draw	drew	drawn	1. draw 2. pull
23. dream	dreamed/dreamt	dreamed/dreamt	dream
24. drive	drove	driven	manage
25.drink	drank	drunk	drink
26. eat	ate	eaten	There is
27. fall	fell	fallen	fall
28.feel	felt	felt	feel
29. fight	fought	fought	fight
30.find	found	found	find
31.fly	flew	flown	fly
32. forget	forgot	forgotten	forget
33.forgive	forgave	forgiven	forgive
34.freeze	froze	frozen	freeze
35.get	got	gotten	receive
36.give	gave	given	give
37. go	went	gone	go
38.grow	grew	grown	grow
39.hang	hung	hung	hang
40. have	had	had	possess, have
41. hear	heard	heard	hear
42.hide	hid	hidden	hide
43. hit	hit	hit	strike
44. hold	held	held	hold
45. hurt	hurt	hurt	hurt
46. keep	kept	kept	keep
47. know	knew	known	know
48. lay	laid	laid	put
49.lead	led	led	lead
50. learn	learned/learnt	learned/learnt	learn
51. leave	left	left	leave
52.lend	tape	tape	lend
53.let	let	let	let
54. lie	lay	lain	lie
55. lose	lost	lost	lose
56. make	made	made	do
57. mean	meant	meant	mean
58. meet	met	met	meet
59.pay	paid	paid	to pay
60.put	put	put	put
61. read	read	read	read
62. ride	rode	ridden	ride a horse
63. ring	rank	rung	call
64.rise	rose	risen	get up
65. run	ran	run	run
66. say	said	said	say
67. see	saw	seen	see
68. sell	sold	sold	sell
69. send	sent	sent	send
70. show	showed	showed/shown	show
71.shut	shut	shut	close
72. sing	sang	sung	sing
73. sit	sat	sat	sit
74. sleep	slept	slept	sleep
75.speak	spoke	spoken	talk
76. spend	spent	spent	spend
77.stand	stood	stood	stand
78. swim	swam	swum	swim
79. take	took	taken	take
80. teach	taught	taught	teach
81. tear	tore	torn	tear
82. tell	told	told	tell
83. think	thought	thought	think
84.throw	threw	thrown	throw
85. understand	understood	understood	understand
86.wake	woke up	woken	wake up
87. wear	wore	worn	wear
88. win	won	won	win
89.write	wrote	written	write

I’ll tell you a secret: regular and irregular verbs of the English language are the most “favorite” topic of teachers and students when studying English grammar. Fate would have it that the most popular and frequently used words in English speech were incorrect. For example, the famous phrase “to be or not to be” also contains an irregular verb. And that's the beauty of the British :)

Just take a second and imagine how wonderful it would be to add an ending -ed to main verbs and get the past tense. And now all English students are destined to take part in an exciting attraction - memorizing a convenient table of irregular verbs in the English language with translation and transcription.

1. IRREGULAR VERBS

Meet their royal majesty irregular verbs. You won’t have to rant about them for a long time. You just need to accept it and remember that each verb has its own forms. And it is almost impossible to detect any logical connection. All that remains is to put the table in front of you and learn, just as you once memorized the English alphabet.

It’s good that there are verbs where all three forms coincide and are pronounced the same (put-put-put). But there are especially harmful forms that are written as twins, but are pronounced differently (read - read - read). Just as only the best tea leaves of the best varieties are selected for a royal tea party, we have collected the most commonly used irregular verbs, arranged them alphabetically, visually conveniently arranged them in a table - we did everything to make you smile and... teach. In general, only conscientious cramming will save humanity from ignorance of English irregular verbs.

And to make memorization not so boring, you can create your own algorithms. For example, to begin with, write down all the verbs where the three forms coincide. Then those where the two forms coincide (these are the majority, by the way). Or, let’s say, today you learn words starting with the letter “b” (don’t think anything bad), and tomorrow - a different word. No limits to imagination for those in love with English!

And without leaving the cash register, we suggest you take a test on your knowledge of irregular verbs.

Table of irregular verbs in English with transcription and translation:

	infinitive form of the verb (Infinitive)	simple past tense (Past Simple)	past participle	Translation
1	abide [ə"baɪd]	abode [ə"bəud]	abode [ə"bəud]	abide, stick to something
2	arise [ə"raɪz]	arose [ə"rəuz]	arisen [ə"rɪz(ə)n]	arise, rise
3	awake [ə"weɪk]	awoke [ə"wəuk]	awoken [əˈwoʊkn]	wake up, wake up
4	be	was ; were	been	to be, to be
5	bear	bore	born	wear, give birth
6	beat	beat	beaten ["bi:tn]	beat
7	become	became	become	become, become
8	befall	befell	befallen	happen
9	begin	began	begun	start off)
10	hold	beheld	beheld	peer, notice
11	bend	bent	bent	bend, bend
12	beseech	thoughtless	thoughtless	beg, beg
13	beset	beset	beset	surround, besiege
14	bet	bet	bet	bet
15	bid	bid	bid	bid, command, ask
16	bind	bound	bound	bind
17	bite	bit	bitten ["bɪtn]	bite)
18	bleed	bled	bled	bleed, empty
19	blow	blew	blown	blow
20	break	broke	broken ["brəuk(ə)n]	break, interrupt, break
21	breed	bred	bred	give birth, breed, breed
22	bring	brought	brought	bring, bring
23	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast, disseminate
24	build	built	built	build, build in
25	burn	burnt	burnt	burn, burn
26	burst	burst	burst	explode)
27	buy	bought	bought	buy
28	can	could	could	be physically able
29	cast	cast	cast	throw, pour (metal)
30	catch	caught	caught	catch, grab
31	choose [ʧuːz]	chose [ʧuːz]	chosen ["ʧəuz(ə)n]	choose
32	cling	clung	clung	stick, cling, cling
33	cleave	cleft	cloven ["kləuv(ə)n]	cut, split
34	clothe	clothed	clothed	dress, clothe
35	come	came	come [ kʌm ]	come
36	cost	cost [ kɒst]	cost [ kɒst]	evaluate, cost
37	creep	crept	crept	crawl
38	cut	cut [ kʌt ]	cut [ kʌt ]	cut, prune
39	dare	durst	dared	dare
40	deal	dealt	dealt	deal, trade, consider a matter
41	dig	dug	dug	dig
42	dive	dove	dived	dive
43	do/does	did	done	do
44	draw	drew	drawn	drag, draw
45	dream	dream	dream	dream, dream
46	drink	drank	drunk	drink, have a drink
47	drive	drove	driven [ˈdrɪvn̩]	to go, to carry, to drive, to drive
48	dwell	dwelt	dwelt	dwell, abide, linger on something
49	eat	ate	eaten [ˈiːtn̩]	eat, eat, eat
50	fall	fell	fallen [ˈfɔːlən]	fall
51	feed	fed	fed [ fed ]	feed)
52	feel	felt	felt [ felt ]	feel
53	fight	fought [ˈfɔːt ]	fought [ˈfɔːt ]	fight, fight
54	find	found	found	find
55	fit	fit [ fɪt ]	fit [ fɪt ]	fit, fit
56	flee	fled	fled	run away, flee
57	fling	flung	flung	throw, throw
58	fly	flew	flown	fly, fly over
59	forbid	forbade	forbidden	forbid
60	forecast [ˈfɔːkɑːst]		forecast; forecasted [ˈfɔːkɑːstɪd]	foresee, predict
61	forget	forgot	forgotten	forget
62	forego	forewent	foregone	refuse, abstain
63	foretell	foretold	foretold	predict, prognosticate
64	forgive	forgave	forgiven	forgive,
65	forsake	forsook	forsaken	give up, refuse
66	freeze	froze	frozen [ˈfrəʊzən]	freeze, freeze
67	get [ˈɡet]	got [ˈɡɒt]	got [ˈɡɒt]	receive, become
68	gild [ɡɪld]		gilt [ɡɪlt]; gilded [ˈɡɪldɪd]	gild
69	give [ɡɪv]	gave [ɡeɪv]	given [ɡɪvn̩]	give
70	go/goes [ɡəʊz]	went [ˈwent]	gone [ɡɒn]	go, go
71	grind [ɡraɪnd]	ground [ɡraʊnd]	ground [ɡraʊnd]	sharpen, grind
72	grow [ɡrəʊ]	grew [ɡruː]	grown [ɡrəʊn]	grow, grow
73	hang	hung ; hung	hung[ hʌŋ ]; hanged [ hæŋd ]	hang, hang
74	have	had	had	have, possess
75	hew	hewed	hewed ; hewn	chop, hew
76	hear	heard	heard	hear
77	hide	hid	hidden [ˈhɪdn̩]	hide, hide
78	hit	hit [ hɪt ]	hit [ hɪt ]	hit, hit
79	hold	held	held	hold, maintain (possess)
80	hurt	hurt	hurt	damage, hurt, injure
81	keep	kept	kept	keep, store
82	kneel		knelt ; kneeled	kneel
83	knit		knit ; knitted [ˈnɪtɪd ]	to knit
84	know	knew	known	know
85	lay	laid	laid	put
86	lead	led	led	lead, accompany
87	lean		leant ; leaned	lean, lean against
88	leap	leapt ; leaped [liːpt]	leapt ; leaped	jump
89	learn		learn ; learned	learn, learn
90	leave	left	left	leave, leave
91	lend	tape	tape [lent]	lend, lend
92	let	let [let]	let [let]	allow, rent out
93	lie	lay	lain	lie
94	light	lit ; lighted [ˈlaɪtɪd ]	lit [lɪt]; lighted [ˈlaɪtɪd]	light up, illuminate
95	lose	lost	lost	lose
96	make [ˈmeɪk ]	made [ˈmeɪd ]	made [ˈmeɪd ]	do, force
97	may	might	might	be able, have the right
98	mean	meant	meant	mean, imply
99	meet	met	met	meet, get acquainted
100	mishear [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	misheard [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	misheard [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	mishear
101	mislay	mislaid	mislaid	misplace
102	mistake	mistook	mistaken	to be mistaken, to be mistaken
103	mow	mowed	town	mow
104	overtake	overtook	overtaken	catch up
105	pay	paid	paid	to pay
106	prove	proved	proved; proven	prove, certify
107	put	put	put	put
108	quit	quit; quitted	quit; quitted	leave, leave
109	read	read; red	read; red	read
110	rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt	rebuild, restore
111	rid	rid; ridded	rid; ridded	free, deliver
112	ride	rode	ridden	ride
113	ring	rank	rung	call, ring
114	rise	rose	risen	rise, ascend
115	run	ran	run	run, flow
116	saw	sawed	sawn; sawed	to nag
117	say	said	said	talk, say
118	see	saw	seen	see
119	seek	sought	sought	search
120	sell	sold	sold	sell
121	send	sent	sent	send, send
122	set	set	set	place, place
123	sew	sewed	sewed; sewn	sew
124	shake	shook	shaken	shake
125	shall	should	should	be to
126	shave	shaved	shaved	to shave)
127	shear	sheared	shorn	cut, cut; deprive
128	shed	shed	shed	dump, spill
129	shine	shone; shined	shone; shined	shine, shine
130	shoe	shod	shod	shoe, shoe
131	shoot	shot	shot	fire
132	show	showed	shown; showed	show
133	shrink	shrank; shrunk	shrunk	shrink, shrink, recoil, recoil
134	shut	shut	shut	close
135	sing	sang	sung	sing
136	sink	sank	sunk	sink, sink, sink
137	sit	sat	sat	sit
138	slay	slew	slain	kill, destroy
139	sleep	slept	slept	sleep
140	slide	slide	slide	slide
141	sling	slung	slung	throw, fling, hang over the shoulder, hang
142	slit	slit	slit	cut lengthwise
143	smell	smelt; smelled	smelt; smelled	smell, sniff
144	sow	sowed	sowed; south	sow
145	speak	spoke	spoken	speak
146	speed	sped; speeded	sped; speeded	hurry, speed up
147	spell	spelt; spelled	spelt; spelled	write, spell a word
148	spend	spent	spent	spend, deplete
149	spill	spilt	spilt	shed
150	spin	spun	spun	spin
151	spit	spat	spat	spit, impale, poke, pro-
152	split	split	split	to split, to split
153	spoiler	spoilt; spoiled	spoilt; spoiled	spoil, spoil
154	spread	spread	spread	spread
155	spring	sprang	sprung	jump, jump up
156	stand	stood	stood	stand
157	steal	stole	stolen	steal, steal
158	stick	stuck	stuck	stick, stick, stick
159	sting	stung	stung	sting
160	stink	stand; stunk	stunk	stink, repel
161	strew	strewed	strewn; strewed	scatter, scatter, spread
162	stride	strode	stridden	step
163	strike	struck	struck	strike, hit, strike
164	string	strung	strung	tie, pull, string
165	strive	strove	striven	strive, try
166	swear	swore	sworn	swear, swear, swear
167	sweep	swept	swept	to sweep
168	swell	swelled	swollen; swelled	swell, swell, swell
169	swim	swam	swum	swim
170	swing	swung	swung	swing, swing
171	take	took	taken	take
172	teach	taught	taught	teach, teach
173	tear	tore	torn	tear, un-, s-, from-
174	tell	told	told	tell, report
175	think	thought	thought	think
176	throw	threw	thrown	throw, throw
177	thrust	thrust	thrust	push, prick, drive out, thrust
178	thread	trod	trod; trodden	step
179	unbend	unbent	unbent	unbend
180	undergone	Underwent	undergone	experience, endure
181	understand	understood	understood	understand
182	undertake	undertook	took	undertake, guarantee
183	upset	upset	upset	to overturn, to squeeze
184	wake	woke; awakened	woken; awakened	wake up, wake up
185	wear	wore	worn	wear clothes)
186	weave	wow; weaved	woven; weaved	weave
187	wed	wed; wedded	wed; wedded	to marry, to marry
188	weep	wept	wept	cry
189	will	would	would	want to be
190	wet	wet; wetted	wet; wetted	wet, you-, pro-
191	win	won	won	win, receive
192	wind	wound	wound	wind up (mechanism), wind up
193	withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	take back, take away
194	wring	wrung	wrung	press, squeeze, twist
195	write	wrote	written	write

After this video you will love learning irregular verbs! Yo! :) ...for those who are impatient, it is advisable to watch from 38 seconds

For fans of the advanced teacher and rap lovers, we offer a backing track for a personal way of learning irregular verbs in karaoke style, and in the future, perhaps, for recording a new personal video with your teacher/teacher/class. Weak or not weak?

2. REGULAR VERBS

When the most difficult part in the form of irregular verbs is mastered (we want to believe that this is the case), you can crack the regular verbs of the English language like nuts. They are called so because they form the past tense form and participle II in exactly the same way. In order not to overload your brain once again, we’ll simply designate them as form 2 and form 3. And both of them are obtained using the ending - ed.

For example: look - looked,work - worked

2.1 And for those who like to get to the bottom of everything, you can conduct a brief educational program about the mysterious term “participle II”. Firstly, why participle? Because how else can we designate a three-headed dragon, which has the characteristics of 3 parts of speech at once: verb, adjective and adverb. Accordingly, such a form is always found WITH PARTS (at once with three).

Secondly, why II? Because there is also I . Quite logical  Only participle I has an ending -ing, and participle II has the ending -ed in regular verbs, and any ending in irregular ones ( written , built , come ).

2.2 And everything would be fine, but there are some nuances.

If the verb ends in -y, then you need an ending -ied(study - studied).
. If the verb consists of one syllable and ends in a consonant, then it is doubled (stop - stopped).
. The final consonant l is always doubled (travel -travelled)
. If the verb ends in -e, then you only need to add -d(translate - translated)

For those who are especially picky and attentive, you can also add pronunciation features. For example, after voiceless consonants the ending is pronounced “t”, after voiced consonants - “d”, after vowels “id”.

Perhaps you have heard/invented/read/seen a method that allows you to reduce effort to a minimum and maximize the efficiency of memorizing irregular verbs, but for some reason we don’t know it yet. Share not only your smile, but also your cramming options to please each other with something interesting

If you've gotten to the point of learning verbs, you've already gone through a lot. But there is still a long road to perfection ahead. The temporary system is based on such a distinction between this part of speech as correct and incorrect. It is the latter that we will talk about and explain how to quickly learn irregular verbs.

So, we already know that with the passage of time, foreign conquests or other interactions of people, the English language also did not stand aside. This is especially true for verbs. If we study times, then we have to differentiate according to this category. Irregular Verbs are found in almost every one of them.

Forms of irregular verbs in English

Where to begin? From familiarization. What types are there, when and how are they used. After all, when reading the rule, you often come across the expression 2nd form, 3rd. We will now look at what it is. Once again, it is worth recalling that there are 3 forms of irregular verbs (some linguists distinguish four).

First form is an infinitive or first column of the table. This is how the verb is used in the dictionary: run, swim, give. It is used in Present Simple, Future Simple, in interrogative and negative sentences Past Simple.

Second form - This is the simple past tense: ran, swam, gave (second column). In this form, irregular English verbs are used in the Past Simple (with the exception of interrogative and negative sentences).

Third form- this is the past participle (Past Participle or Participle II): run, swun, given. This form of the verb is used most often. In Perfect times, in all times Passive Voice. You will find it in third column of the table.

Fourth form- this is the present participle (Present Participle or Participle I): running, swimming, giving. It is used by the group tenses Continuous and Perfect Continuous. Not all tables contain a fourth column, only some do.

When considering sentences with irregular verbs, pay attention to the tense.

How are the main irregular verbs of the English language formed?

It is impossible to clearly determine that these words are changed in this way, and others in the second or third way. But it is still possible to trace a certain trend, and then it will not be a collection of words and incomprehensible forms.

By changing the vowel in the root of the word: meet - met - met; begin - began - begun.
Changing the root and adding a suffix: speak - spoke - spoken; give - gave - given.
The ending changes: send - sent - sent; build - built - built.
And some verbs are the same in all forms: cut - cut - cut; put - put - put.

How to learn irregular verbs?

Each has its own methodology, its own method, which has its own pros and cons. But first I would like to say a few generally accepted facts. First, learn all three forms at once and with translation. Irregular verbs with translation can be found in almost any grammar textbook, dictionary, on Internet resources and on our website. The entire table can be downloaded. Don’t learn 10 at once, take 5, stretch them out over 3-4 days, do the exercises. Many learn in a row, in alphabetical order, some in groups (depending on the method of education). I believe that the second one is more effective and easier. Therefore, we will divide all irregular English verbs into groups.

1. Completely identical

bet	bet	bet	bet
cost	cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut	cut
hit	hit	hit	strike
hurt	hurt	hurt	damage
let	let	let	let
put	put	put	put
set	set	set	install, put
shed	shed	shed	reset
shut	shut	shut	close
spit	spit	spit	spit
split	split	split	divide, split
spread	spread	spread	distribute
trust	trust	trust	trust

2. The second and third shapes coincide - p-t

3. The second and third forms coincide - d-t

4. The root vowel changes - ew - own

5. A group of verbs with different root vowels

6. Endings aught/ought

7. Vowel alternation

become	became	become	become
come	came	come	come
run	ran	run	run

8. Alternating vowel + ending en

9. Alternation, ending en, doubling a consonant

bite	bit	bitten	bite
fall	fell	fallen	fall
forbid	forbade	forbidden	forbid
hide	hid	hidden	hide
ride	rode	ridden	ride
write	wrote	written	write
forget	forgot	forgotten	forget

10. The second and third forms coincide

	second and third
built	built	build
dig	dug	drip
find	found	find
get	got	receive
have	had	have
hear	heard	hear
hold	held	hold
lead	led	lead
leave	left	leave
lose	lost	lose
make	made	do
shine	shone	shine
shoot	shot	fire
sit	sat	sit
win	won	win
stick	stuck	stick, get stuck,
strike	struke	hit, beat
stand	stood	stand
understand	understood	understand
deal	dealt	deal with
mean	meant	to mean
sell	sold	sell
tell	told	speak
lay	laid	put
pay	paid	to pay
say	said	say
bleed	bled	bleed
feel	felt	feel
meet	met	meet
feed	fed	feed

11.Have two options

burn	burnt/burned	burnt/burned	burn, burn
dream	dreamed/dreamed	dreamed/dreamed	dream
dwell	dwelt/dwelled	dwelt/dwelled	dwell, live
hang	hung/hanged	hung/hanged	hang
kneel	knelt/kneeled	knelt/kneeled	kneel down, bow down
knit	knit/knitted	knit/knitted	to knit
lean	lean/leaned	lean/leaned	lean, lean
leap	leapt/leaped	leapt/leaped	jump up, jump
learn	learned/learned	learned/learned	learn
light	lit/lighted	lit/lighted	spark off
prove	proved	proven/proved	prove
sew	sewed	sewn/sewed	sew
smell	smelt/smelled	smelt/smelled	sniff, smell
speed	sped/speeded	sped/speeded	accelerate
spell	spelled/spelled	spelled/spelled	to spell
spoiler	spoilt/spoiled	spoilt/spoiled	spoil

12. Completely different shapes

Remembering irregular verbs in English at first seems difficult and tedious. But believe me, if you don’t reboot yourself, study using the groups that we have provided, you will easily master them. And this is very important! All irregular verbs are very often used in speech. Learn grammar and expand your vocabulary.