Features of the treatment of herpes on the body in children and how different types of herpesvirus appear on the skin of a child. Herpes in children - a photo of a rash on different parts of the body What does herpes look like in a child's body

- a disease that many perceive as skin rashes. In fact, these are symptoms of a herpes infection that affects the organs and tissues of the body. According to statistics, the herpes virus is present in 80 percent of the world's population. The most dangerous for young children, because the disease is more severe in them than in adults due to weak immunity. Let's look at the symptoms of herpes in children, the treatment of the disease and its photos.

Herpetic infection in children

Children are much more likely to contract the herpes virus. This is because the infection is very common. The virus can also pass to the baby from an infected mother while the fetus is still in the womb, or during childbirth.

IMPORTANT! Herpes is dangerous because it can have serious health consequences.

But it is not at all necessary to create sterile conditions in order to prevent disease. When a child gets sick with this disease once, he develops immunity to all types of herpes virus. But for this, parents should make sure that the disease proceeds without complications. Therefore, it is important to have information on what types of infection exist, their characteristics and how to deal with them.

Types of herpes

The virus has more than two hundred varieties, but children are most often infected with these six types.

1st type of disease

Most common. This is herpes simplex in children. Its symptoms are weakness and fever. Herpes simplex is classified into the following herpetic forms of disease: encephalitis, vesicular dermatitis, eczema,.

Photo of herpes on the lip

2nd type of herpes in children

It is called genital. It is transmitted from mother to child during childbirth if a woman has this type of disease. Complications are possible - and caused by the virus.

3rd type

Causes in children. Many parents think that it is impossible to get sick with them again, but nevertheless, the disease can manifest itself more than once. This is herpes zoster in children. Herpes zoster in children has the following signs: the formation of vesicles (skin vesicles) as in, fever, intoxication of the body, neuralgia.

Other types of herpes

• 4th type. Causes mononucleosis (infectious herpes). Herpes type 4 in children is terrible because it is asymptomatic.
• 5th type. This is cytomegalovirus. Has no special features.
• 6th type. It is manifested by red rashes - exanthema. pretty common. However, doctors have not sufficiently studied the features of this disease. May cause urinary tract infections.

Herpes type 6 in children has the following symptoms: exanthema suddenly appears, the temperature rises. Exanthema is a rash similar to those that form with. Therefore, it is also called pseudo-rubella.

Interesting! Type 6 virus can influence the formation of benign and malignant diseases of the lymphatic system.

Symptoms of herpes infection

Common symptoms of infection in children:

• high temperature;
• painful sensations;
• fatigue, moodiness;
• headache.

Herpes in children has different symptoms depending on the type of disease.

The first three types of herpes have specific symptoms. They are also the most dangerous for the child's body. Herpes simplex in children can begin with symptoms of other diseases (for example, with sore throat caused by herpes - redness of the throat, pain in it).

Skin rashes

It is possible to determine the presence of the herpes virus when red rashes occur. They mainly appear near the eyes, on the lips and on the head. These rashes are usually itchy and sore. You can name the following stages of the course of rashes:

1. The skin redness gradually becomes similar to bubbles with fluid (similar to rashes with chickenpox). In children, they are large and pronounced.
2. The fluid under the skin turns into pus. In this case, painful sensations are observed. The child develops moodiness, appetite disappears, he sleeps badly.
3. Then the bubbles burst. Allocations from them have a high concentration of the virus.

After the sores dry up, become crusts and disappear.

Photo of herpes on the eye

IMPORTANT! Under no circumstances should the bubbles be pierced! So you can get an infection. It is also necessary to control that the child does not rip off the crusts of the healing of ulcers.

Damage to the oral mucosa

Liquid bubbles may appear on the mucous membranes in the mouth. Redness forms around them. Similar herpes sores can occur in the throat on the tonsils. These blisters burst quickly, but painful ulcers remain. Children refuse to eat because it hurts while eating. You can read about it in our article.

Ophthalmic herpes

A symptom of herpes is damage to the mucous membranes of the eyes and the skin around them. Conjunctivitis and other eye diseases often develop.

Rash localized on the genitals

This is how genital herpes manifests itself in children. Possible fever, pain, burning sensation in the area of ​​the rash.

Photo of genital herpes

Internal organ damage

The herpes virus can infect internal organs. In this case, the following diseases develop:

• hepatitis;
• nephritis;
• enterocolitis.

CNS disorders

Herpetic infection causes dangerous diseases of the nervous system, including meningitis, encephalitis. Therefore, symptoms are possible:

• disorientation;
• confusion of consciousness;
• flaccid paralysis;
• coma.

Treatment of herpes in children

Herpes in children is treated with various medications, which are prescribed by a doctor.

Antivirus tools:

1. Injections. A drug such as Acyclovir is often prescribed for children with herpes. It is great for helping the body fight viruses. Injected into a vein (45 mg per 1 kg of body weight). For severe symptoms of herpes, the dose is increased.
2. Ointments. Apply Zovirax or up to 5 times a day.
3. Tablet form of the drug Acyclovir.

Drugs with antiviral action are prescribed even for herpes in children under one year old.

1. Means that increase immunity. To fight off infection, you need to boost your immune system. Suitable drugs such as Immunal, Immunoflazid.
2. Interferons. They are excellent at fighting infections.
3. Antipyretic drugs. It is taken with a symptom such as fever.
4. Antihistamines. Diazolin, Tavegil, Fenkarol are used for rashes.

Important! If herpes is in children, treatment is supplemented with vitamin preparations.

Herpes in children on the lips - treatment

With viral herpes in children of the first type, rashes often appear near the mouth on the lips.

Compresses. To do this, use:

1. Antiseptics: chlorhexidine, dimexide, furacilin.
2. Anesthetics are added to them (ratio - 1: 1): lidocaine, novocaine.

Lotions with enzymes (pancreatin, lysozyme). Helps cleanse the skin.

1. Ointments: florenal, oxolinic, interferon, riodoxil, acyclovir.
2. Gels and creams: Panavir, Abreva.

How long will herpes on the lip go through depends on at what stage the treatment was started and what kind of immunity the child has.

IMPORTANT! If treatment is started on time, the vesicles will heal within one week.

Preventive measures

The most important factor in prevention is personal hygiene. Therefore, it is necessary to accustom the child to them.

1. It is also necessary that the child has individual hygiene items.
2. Adequate nutrition, the use of vitamins.
3. Develop immunity (play sports, temper).

There are also antiherpetic vaccinations for the prevention of disease. Doctor Komarovsky will tell you in detail and in an interesting way about the herpes virus in children, and will answer all the questions of the audience. Watch the video.

This disease is characterized by very unpleasant sensations, pain.

The child's condition worsens significantly and if treatment is not started on time, serious complications.

We will talk about the symptoms and treatment of herpes on the child's body in the article.

How does a child's allergy to the sun manifest? you will find on our website.

general information

Herpes on the body of a child - photo:

Herpes is a disease viral origin... It is characterized by blistering eruptions on the body and, by an increase in temperature.

As soon as the virus enters the child's body, it begins to actively influence. The baby has weakness, itching and burning of the skin.

In most cases, herpes affects children with weak immunity, who often catch colds.

The child is infected by airborne, contact. Often baby becomes infected through household items... Rashes can occur on any part of the body. Bubbles can be in small or large quantities.

On what parts of the body can it occur?

Herpes can occur on anyone, but most often appears in the following places:

Babies are often affected by chest, neck. The rashes can be large.

What is it caused by?

Herpes on the body is caused by the Varicella Zoster virus. It enters the body by contact and airborne droplets... The source of infection is a sick person.

Often, the virus enters the child's body through household items: dishes, toys, towels.

Causes and risk factors

The causes of the disease include:

Risk factors are unhealthy diet, lack of nutrients, colds. At risk, experts include children with weakened immunity, as well as those children who suffer from allergies.

Symptoms and Signs

It is not difficult to determine this disease, since it has pronounced symptoms:

• tingling of the skin, itching... Discomfort appears, the child can constantly scratch the skin;
• fine bubbles on the body. The rashes form gradually, become bright, fluid appears inside;
• temperature increase... The child has a fever, which can only be removed with the help of drugs;
• weakness, lethargy... The kid gets tired quickly, becomes inactive. He has no energy for games;
• impaired appetite... The child does not feel hungry, refuses to eat.

Types and forms

In children, experts distinguish two types of herpes:

1. Simple... Bubble rashes occur in the groin area, in the mucous membranes, on the abdomen, back. The temperature rises slightly. The bubbles burst over time, the liquid comes out. The wounds are healing.
2. Shingles... Spreads throughout the body. The rashes do not look like bubbles, but like red spots. High fever is characteristic, the disease lasts a long time. The affected areas are swollen, coarse, and crusty.

The disease in children is observed in two forms:

1. Primary... The infection has occurred recently, the disease has arisen for the first time. The patient's condition is serious: high fever, rashes all over the body, weakness.
2. Recurrent... The disease manifests itself again, it is easier to tolerate. The temperature rises slightly, the rashes are almost imperceptible, they pass quickly. The body resists the virus.

What is sudden exanthema in children? Find out about it from ours.

Possible complications and consequences

If the child is not treated in time, serious complications can arise:

• meningitis... Occurs among complications quite often, causes a serious condition of the patient;
• defeat nervous system... The child becomes nervous, restless;
• otitis... Herpes can cause otitis media, hearing problems;
• disruption of work digestive organs... Diseases of the digestive tract may appear.

With timely treatment of the baby, negative consequences can be avoided.

Diagnostics

On one's own it will not be possible to determine the disease.

The doctor uses the following diagnostic methods to make a diagnosis:

1. Inspection the patient. The doctor carefully examines the rash.
2. Blood test. Allows you to establish the presence of a virus.
3. Smear the affected surface. Studied by specialists in the laboratory. Helps to confirm or deny the presence of a virus.

Can children be allergic to mosquito bites? find out right now.

Treatment

How to treat herpes on the body in children? You can cure a child with the help of medicines, injections and folk remedies.

Preparations, ointments and creams

First of all, patients are prescribed drugs that fight the virus, eliminate the symptom of the disease and increase immunity:

• Acyclovir;
• Famciclovir;
• Valtrex.

These medicines are made in pill form. They are taken for the first five days, one tablet 2-3 times a day with water.

One tablet is enough to eliminate fever. Do not give your baby more than three tablets per day.

To relieve itching, experts prescribe Suprastin... It is taken in the first 3-5 days, one tablet in the morning and in the evening. The medicine relieves puffiness, itching, accelerates the healing process.

Among the ointments, the most stand out effective:

• Bonafton;
• Bepanten;
• Panavir.

Ointments lead to recovery, they are applied to the affected areas 2-3 times a day.

Effective in the fight against herpes are cream:

• Panthenol;
• Zovirax;
• Elokom.

They are applied to painful areas at least twice a day, rubbing lightly.

Creams act carefully, do not injure the delicate skin of the baby, relieve the symptoms of the disease.

Injections

Prescribed by doctors after examining the patient, if necessary.

Particularly effective are injections of Larifan, Imunofan, Viferon.

The dosage is determined by the doctor based on the child's weight, age and condition.

The choice of medication is also carried out by a specialist. Injections can significantly increase human immunity help the body fight the virus.

Usually several injections are given at intervals of 8-10 days. The exact schedule of drug administration is made by the doctor individually.

Are Antibiotics Needed?

Antibiotics for the treatment of herpes are not needed, as they cannot eliminate the virus, are powerless... It is not necessary to take, they can lead to negative consequences.

Will folk remedies help and which ones?

Folk remedies cannot fight the virus, but they can alleviate the patient's condition by eliminating the symptoms of the disease.

How to dress your child?

With this disease, the child must be dressed in natural fabrics... Clothing should be pleasant to the touch and not irritating.

Artificial, synthetic materials can lead to complications.

Clothes should not be too tight. It should not hinder movement, squeeze, rub the skin.

Prophylaxis

Parents need to remember about preventive measures:

Herpes on the body can lead to negative consequences if left untreated.

Skin manifestations of herpes - what you need to know? Tips for parents in this video:

We kindly ask you not to self-medicate. Make an appointment with a doctor!

Herpes is a collective name for viral diseases caused by different types of herpes viruses. The herpes virus is polytropene, that is, it is capable of infecting almost any organ in the human body. Today, there are 8 types of herpes that affect humans.

Children are susceptible to herpes in the same way as adults. Most often, infection occurs from parents in the family or already sick children.

This disease is of several types, however, primary herpes is characteristic of children. Babies of the first years of life rarely get sick with them, since they are immune from their mother. They become more susceptible to the virus by 3-4 years, but by about 5 years from 60% to 80% of their number already have antibodies to it.

Types of herpes in children

It is worth distinguishing between herpes simplex viruses type 1. This is the most well-known type of herpes simplex virus, which manifests itself on the lip of a child, is characterized by a disease of general malaise, sometimes there is a slight fever. Oral ulcers are most common in children aged 1-2 years, but they can appear in people in any age and at any time of the year.

The second type of herpes is genital, which manifests itself in a similar way. During childbirth, if the mother suffers from genital herpes, the baby can become infected by passing through the birth canal. The manifestations of this type of herpes in children are more difficult than in adults. Children can suffer from herpes sore throat and stomatitis.

Herpes simplex virus type 3 (varicella-zoster virus) in children with primary infection causes chickenpox with a secondary manifestation of the virus, the disease passes as herpes zoster (versicolor).

Herpes type 6 in children causes baby roseola - pink maculopapular rash. Basically, it affects babies under the age of 2 years. Fever develops first, then the temperature decreases for 3-6 days. After a decrease in temperature, an exanthema appears on the skin - pink maculopapular rashes of 1-3 mm, pale with pressure (this is one of the distinguishing features, with the same rubella after pressure, the rash does not fade). They can disappear within a few hours, or they can persist for up to several days. The rash is localized mainly on the body, spreading to the neck, face and limbs

Herpetic viruses of types 4, 5, 6 can cause infectious mononucleosis - an acute infectious disease characterized by a febrile condition, angina, swollen lymph nodes, liver and spleen, lymphocytosis, the appearance of atypical mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood.

Cytomegalovirus, a member of the type 6 herpesvirus family, is one of the most common viruses. Children usually contract CMV infection in early childhood - for example, in a nursery or kindergarten. Cytomegalovirus transmission can only occur through direct contact with an infected person, and babies can also become infected with the virus during fetal development. The infected medium is blood, urine, saliva and other biological substrates. Usually, cytomegalovirus in healthy children is asymptomatic or accompanied by minor symptoms similar to those of mononucleosis and disappearing after a few days or weeks.

Human herpesvirus type 6 and type 7, upon initial infection, causes exanthema of newborns in infants. Only a specialist can accurately diagnose the state of health of a child.

Herpes in infants

Herpes can be more difficult in children than in adults. Herpes is an insidious infection, herpes in infants can cause severe damage to the nervous system and internal organs. With damage to the visual organs, keratitis, phlebothrombosis, chorioretinitis, iridocyclitis occur. With the defeat of the ENT organs, sudden deafness, herpetic sore throat and damage to the inner ear may occur. Damage to the cardiovascular system is manifested in the form of myocarditis, atherosclerosis, myocardiopathy. If the herpes virus enters the central nervous system, then there is a risk of encephalopathy, meningitis, and the nerve plexuses are affected. Herpes can also lead to schizophrenia and depressive disorders. On the part of the reproductive system, fertility disorders, urethritis, prostatitis (in men), colpitis, endometritis and chorionitis (in women) are possible.

Herpes Symptoms

Symptoms of herpes in children are traditional: there may be fever, fatigue, muscle pain, irritability. At the site of future rashes of infection, pain, burning, tingling and itching occur. The rash is followed by ulceration and wound formation. Children tend to scratch the wounds until they bleed, touch them constantly, peel off the formed crusts, which complicates healing and prolongs its period. Herpes simplex on a child's lip heals within a few days at best. Ulcers can also occur in the mouth: on the gums, the front of the tongue, the inside of the cheeks, throat, and palate. The gums may be slightly swollen, red, and may bleed. They can also spread down the chin and neck. The lymph nodes in the neck often swell and become painful. In children, the herpes virus can infect the throat mucosa with the formation of small ulcers and a grayish coating on the tonsils. Because the ulcers are painful, it can be difficult to eat or drink. A sick child should not eat solid or hot food during the onset of herpes in the mouth. With permanent injury, the wound healing can take two weeks or more. Parents need to control this process.

Treatment of herpes in children

For the treatment of herpes infection, antiviral drugs, immunostimulants, interferons are used. Treatment of an infection should be started at the first suspicion of a disease, recovery depends on this, an advanced infection becomes chronic or recurrent, and the likelihood of complications increases. Treatment of herpes in children is aimed at minimizing the manifestation of symptoms, suppressing the activity of the virus. For this, antiviral drugs are used - ointments and tablets that relieve itching and soreness. It is necessary to take a large amount of fluids, as well as antipyretics when the body temperature rises to high numbers.

The antiviral drug used for herpes infection is acyclovir. This medication can be used either as an intravenous injection or as a tablet. The route of administration of the drug depends on the severity of the disease and its form. The drug is administered intravenously at a dosage of 30-60 mg / kg of the child's body weight, through the mouth - 90 mg / kg. Taking the drug must be divided into 3-4 parts. Also, this drug can be used externally in the form of an ointment. It must be applied to the affected skin and mucous membranes 4-5 times a day.

Immunostimulating drugs help the child's body fight the virus more effectively and prevent the virus from infecting new areas of the mucous membranes and internal organs. For treatment, you can use such immunostimulating drugs as immunal, groprinosin, arpetol.

Interferons help destroy viruses and prevent them from multiplying uncontrollably. They can be used both in tablet form and in the form of suppositories. Suppositories are injected into the child's anus 2 times a day for 5 days, repeat the course 2-3 times with an interval of 5 days.

With a fairly frequent recurrence of the disease, you need to contact an immunologist who will give qualified advice, which can significantly increase the immunity of a weakened child. Among other things, the treatment of herpes in children should be monitored by a doctor, since only a specialist can calculate the correct dosage that is safe for the child's body.

The herpes virus, once in a child's body, remains in it for life, periodically exacerbating, causing temporary discomfort. The main task of parents is to help the child, strictly following the instructions of the pediatrician. When solving the existing problem, special attention is paid to the observance of hygiene, providing the baby with individual means, such as a towel, soap, and a washcloth. The child should wash his hands more often. If there is a herpes in the mouth, the child should not be allowed to injure herpes sores.

Prevention of herpes in children

For the prevention of herpes, it is necessary to observe the rules of personal hygiene and not to use other people's personal belongings, to avoid close contact with people with herpes. To strengthen the child's immune system, proper nutrition, vitamin therapy in the autumn-spring period, the use of immunostimulating drugs in prophylactic doses in the winter are necessary. Prophylactic use of antiviral ointments during an influenza epidemic by putting in the nose 1-2 times a day.

Content

You can often observe the appearance of bubbles in the lip area, but herpes on the child's body can appear on absolutely any part of the skin - on the face, arms, legs, back. Noticing the baby's symptoms such as reddish-watery rashes, itching, fever, know that this can be a viral process, and you should start treatment immediately.

What is herpes on the body of a child

It is a disease caused by the Varicella Zoster virus. The risk of the disease is especially high in children due to fragile immunity. According to statistics, it is in the blood of almost 100% of the world's population, but the pathogen does not manifest itself in a latent state. The routes of transmission and the incubation period depend on the type of virus. A child can become infected:

• by contact-household way - playing with common toys, using someone's clothes;
• airborne - upon contact with a carrier of infection;
• by transmission of the virus from the mother, in utero, or after birth.

Once in the body, viral cells begin to actively multiply and infect more and more areas of the body, infecting the internal organs of a person. A healthy and strong body begins to produce antibodies aimed at fighting it and does not allow the disease to manifest itself. The exit from the hidden state can be influenced by:

• lack of vitamins;
• weakened immunity, including against the background of acute respiratory viral infections, colds, etc.;
• hypothermia or overheating;
• severe stress;
• disruption of the gastrointestinal tract.

Symptoms

The manifested herpes on the body of a child is difficult to leave unnoticed. The disease is characterized primarily by the appearance of extensive eruptions in the form of watery or red sores on the body - herpetic eruptions hurt when touched. Inflammation is accompanied by severe itching and burning. The following symptoms are characteristic:

• temperature increase;
• loss of strength, lethargy and apathy;
• loss of appetite;
• dizziness;
• nausea and vomiting;
• muscle weakness.

Herpes in an infant

Herpes appears in an infant when the mother becomes infected during pregnancy (transplacentally) or when passing through the birth canal (intrapartum) and appears in the first couple of weeks of life (neonatal herpes), but sometimes at the age of 1 month. There are such features:

1. For the first type of infection at the time of birth, the child is characterized by:
   • brain damage (microcephaly, ventricular deformation);
   • eye diseases (microphthalmia);
   • impaired mental function.
2. In the second case, the signs of herpes will be the same as in older children. It:
   • inflammation;
   • vomiting, nausea;
   • besides this - convulsions.

Views

Children's herpes is divided into 6 types (and in total there are about 200 types of pathogen known):

1. Herpes simplex. In place of future pimples in the mouth, eyes, mucous membranes, redness and itching occur, often already at this stage accompanied by symptoms of herpes. Then vesicles are formed, rapidly increasing in size. After about a week, they burst, the liquid flows out, a crust forms. It passes in 10-14 days. Subspecies:
   • Type 1 - in the area of ​​the lips;
   • Type 2 - genital herpes when transmitted from mother to child.
2. Herpes zoster, or herpes on the back of a child (also called herpes zoster, herpes zoster). It looks not as transparent or white with reddening of the rash, but bright red, covering the whole body - the back, abdomen, sides, elbows, shoulders and buttocks. The course of the disease is longer and more painful.
3. Chickenpox is type 3 herpes. Children 1 - 5 years old are especially susceptible to its defeat. The level of the virus gradually accumulates and after reaching a certain point, the body reacts to it with rashes, fever;
4. The 4th type is caused by mononucleosis or oncology. It is dangerous because it is asymptomatic.
5. There is also a 5th type - cytomegalovirus.
6. The 6th type is unpleasant - characteristic rashes all over the body cause exanthema in children, and by symptomatology it is often confused with rubella.

Possible complications

A diagnosed herpes virus in a child does not in itself pose a serious threat in case of primary infection. The danger, up to death, lies in complications and relapses of the disease. These include:

1. liver disease (hepatitis);
2. encephalitis;
3. viral pneumonia;
4. partial paralysis;
5. meningitis;
6. benign and malignant tumors.

Complications of herpes in newborns are especially dangerous. In 30-50% of cases, it is fatal, and also affects the nervous system and leads to:

• infantile cerebral palsy;
• meningoencephalitis;
• other dire consequences.

Treatment of herpes in children

Since herpes infection in children occurs against a background of poor health, treatment is primarily aimed at strengthening the immune system, relieving unpleasant symptoms, and preventing the spread of the virus. For this, immunostimulants and antiviral drugs are used. Taking antihistamines is aimed at relieving puffiness and itching in the area of ​​the vesicles. When the temperature rises, antipyretics should also be used.

The main nuances:

• There is no need to treat this disease with antibiotics, unless there is an outbreak of cytomegalovirus.
• Only a doctor can make the correct diagnosis and prescribe adequate treatment.

Antiviral drugs

The most commonly used drug for the treatment of herpes simplex virus in children is Acyclovir, which is available in the form of tablets and injections. The use of the drug prevents the spread of the rash, accelerates the formation of crusts, and reduces pain. Small patients are recommended to use 1 tablet five times a day. With the ointment, this will help to quickly get rid of herpes on the child's body.

There is also Virolex. This drug:

• allowed for admission by children over 2 years old;
• contains a loading dose of synthetic acyclovir;
• penetrating the subcutaneous infected areas, prevents the herpes virus from producing new cells and suppresses existing ones;
• removes swelling and reduces pain.

Antiviral ointments

Try standard and familiar tools:

• Acyclovir ointment. Apply to blisters avoiding healthy areas as the effect of a film is created, which does not allow the skin to breathe. When treated with acyclovir ointment, herpes rash in children decreases from the first day of use.
• Zovirax cream. Available in the form of an eye ointment (for the treatment of herpetic keratitis), cream, injections and tablets. The first three forms have a faster effect on the inflammation focus, and simultaneous administration along with pills helps to treat herpes in a child, including chickenpox and encephalitis, as soon as possible.
• Oxolinic ointment has been known since Soviet times. The 3% option is used to treat herpes zoster. It is practically harmless and allowed for use by pregnant women and children from birth.

Folk remedies

In addition to medicines, traditional medicine recipes will help. The most effective of these are.

Increasingly, doctors are registering various forms of herpes infections in babies. These diseases have a chronic course, which requires mandatory monitoring by parents and doctors. Not everyone knows what the symptoms and treatment of herpes are in children.

Virus types

Currently, scientists have discovered 8 types of viral herpes. These harmful microorganisms can very easily cause herpes infection in young children. The structure of only three out of eight subtypes is well studied. They are described and studied in the most detail. These infectious agents most often cause manifestations of "colds" on the lips and in the intimate area in babies.

Literally translated, herpetic lesion means "creeping disease." Doctors gave this name to the disease several centuries ago. The peculiarity of this virus is that the favorite places for its occurrence are various mucous membranes. Microbes have a toxic effect on epithelial cells, which leads to the appearance of various adverse symptoms.

In children's practice, the most common 8 subspecies of viruses that cause various damage to the baby:

• Type 1. More often they contribute to the development of various rashes in the child on the mucous membranes of the lips.
• Type 2. Causes a rash on the mucous membranes of the genitals.
• Type 3. Refers to a subspecies of the virus that can cause chickenpox or shingles in a baby.
• Type 4. Doctors call it the Epstein-Barr herpes virus. These microorganisms can cause manifestations of infectious mononucleosis in a baby.
• Type 5. It is the culprit in the development of cytomegalovirus infection.
• Type 6. A fairly new subspecies of the virus. Scientists conduct a large number of different studies to study in detail the infectious and virulent properties of this microorganism. This type of herpes can cause manifestations of multiple sclerosis or the development of sudden exanthema.
• Type 7. Not described in detail. Researchers are currently studying the properties of this microorganism. There is scientific evidence that this particular subspecies is responsible for the development of sudden skin rashes in the baby and leads to the development of chronic fatigue.
• Type 8. A rather unfavorable subspecies of the virus. May promote the development of malignant neoplasms on the skin. There are scientific studies suggesting that this particular virus contributes to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Incubation period

Most viral diseases are highly contagious. Herpes is no exception. A sick person who has a high concentration of viruses in the blood is contagious. Based on statistics, it can be noted that the largest number of cases of the disease is caused by the herpes simplex subtype. It contributes to the development of adverse symptoms of herpes infection in 90% of children.

For a long time, the child may not even suspect that he is already infected with herpes. In this case, the infection proceeds in a latent form. With this variant of the disease, there are no symptoms. The latent form occurs in about 5% of babies.

Usually, herpes virus infection occurs through initial contact with an infected person. The incubation period for different subtypes of the virus can be different. The first symptoms of the disease can appear both after a couple of days from the moment the pathogen enters the child's body, or after a few months.

The length of the incubation period depends on many factors and input data. The level of the immune system plays an important role in this. If the baby's immunity is strong, then the symptoms of the disease may be slightly expressed (or absent altogether) - for a long period of time. They usually appear only when the immune system is not working properly.

The incubation period for herpes simplex type 1 usually ranges from a few days to a couple of weeks. In this case, the first rashes appear on the mucous membranes of the lips and in the mouth. Genital herpes, which causes a rash in the intimate area, causes uncomfortable symptoms usually after 6-7 days. Shingles have a longer incubation period. In some cases, it can be several months (or even years).

The main symptoms

Different subtypes of viruses can settle on different mucous membranes. This leads to a wide variety of localizations. Each type of herpes has its own clinical characteristics. This is due to the properties of the viral particles themselves. The infection manifests itself in babies in different ways.

Herpes can cause the following clinical manifestations in a child:

• Increased body temperature. It usually rises to febrile values. The peak of elevated temperature occurs in the first 3-4 days from the onset of the acute period of the disease. The temperature usually drops quickly. For normalization, the appointment of anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs is required.
• The appearance of a rash. It is represented by a set of numerous formations, inside which there is a liquid. These rashes look like bubbles filled with contents. The localization of the rash is determined by the type of virus that caused the disease.
• Swollen lymph nodes. Regional lymph collectors are usually affected. If the virus causes a rash on the upper half of the body, then the process will involve the cervical, parotid, submandibular and subclavian lymph nodes. They increase in size, become tightly adhered to the skin. When feeling them, the child may feel soreness.

• Severe symptoms of intoxication. The abundance of viral toxins has a toxic effect on the entire body. The child feels "overwhelmed", becomes very lethargic. Babies have impaired appetite and sleep. Babies often refuse breastfeeding.
• Behavior change. Toddlers are becoming more moody. Children of the first years of life do not make contact well. More severe forms of the course of the disease lead to an increase in drowsiness. The unbearable itching of skin rashes contributes to increased anxiety and nervousness in the baby.
• Soreness in places of herpetic vesicles. Herpes rash usually itches very badly. In the shingles variant, the pain spreads along the damaged nerve. After the disappearance of the rash, the pain syndrome disappears.

In the mouth

Most often, this variant is caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1. The child has all the symptoms described above. Herpetic rash has several characteristics. With herpes simplex virus, it can occur on the tonsils, cheek, and tongue. The rash is represented by various varied bubbles, inside of which there is liquid.

The liquid component is usually grayish or reddish in color. Herpetic vesicles protrude a couple of millimeters above the skin surface. In severe cases, they can be numerous and quite large in size. Such rashes on the tonsils represent a certain difficulty. They can easily burst and be injured during meals.

This type of herpes is also characterized by an increase in the parotid and cervical lymph nodes. In some cases, they even become visible from the outside with the naked eye. The baby's body temperature rises to 38-38.5 degrees. An abundance of rashes leads to severe pain when swallowing. This contributes to a deterioration in appetite.

Rash on the lips

Most often found when infected with a simple virus. Usually, the development of this herpes rash is facilitated by subtype 1. The disease is characterized by the appearance of numerous bubbles filled from the inside with serous-bloody fluid. These formations are easily injured. Even minor trauma can cause capillary bleeding.

The danger also lies in the fact that when such vesicles are damaged, open wounds appear. A secondary bacterial infection can easily creep into them. This leads to the development of viral and bacterial conditions. You can also notice such changes at home. When bacteria get in, the bubbles begin to fester.

The red border of the lips is the most preferred site for herpes simplex viruses. Rashes do not appear immediately. At first, the damaged area begins to itch badly. After a couple of hours or by the end of the first day after the onset of severe itching, bubbles begin to appear. When they appear, the itching increases several times.

Usually, the bubbles persist on the skin for 6-12 days. After an acute period of illness, they completely disappear from the skin. A dry crust appears in their place, which after a while disappears on its own. In some cases, the persistence of moderate itching and redness of damaged skin areas is noted.

Herpetic eruptions on the face

This localization is not the most common. Usually, this form of herpes infection occurs in weakened and often ill babies, as well as children with various forms of immunodeficiency states. With this variant of the disease, red itchy bubbles appear on the nose, chin, forehead, and eyelids. Severe forms of the disease are accompanied by the occurrence of herpetic eruptions on almost the entire surface of the skin of the face.

Each subspecies of herpes has its own favorite localizations and some features of the development of adverse symptoms. So, with herpes simplex virus type 1, bubbles appear mainly in the zone of the nasolabial triangle. With the shingles variant, the rash covers not only the face, they occur all over the body. Chickenpox is characterized by a gradual appearance of the rash. In some cases, it also appears on the head, in the hair area.

After the bubbles disappear, crusts remain on the skin. They usually differ in color from the surrounding skin. The crusts are reddish or reddish brown. After a couple of days, they completely disappear, and the skin becomes pale pink and clean again. Itching usually disappears within 5-6 days from the moment the first rashes appear on the face.

What does the shingles look like?

The herpes virus type 3 leads to the development of this disease. This viral subtype is quite virulent. The risk of contracting it is quite high. Usually, babies attending kindergarten and preschool institutions are more likely to become infected with shingles. The herpes virus can be in the environment for a long time. Only prolonged exposure to high temperatures and ultraviolet radiation lead to its destruction.

Most often, doctors note the disease with a shingles form of infection in babies who have recently had chickenpox. This is largely due to the peculiarities of the immune system. Weakened immunity cannot cope with the attack of pathogenic viruses. Frequently ill children and toddlers with immunodeficiencies are also at increased risk.

Once in a child's body, viruses can be in a "sleepy" state for quite a long time. Usually, with the blood flow, they enter the nerve ganglia, where they can maintain their viability for a long time without losing their virulent properties. Under unfavorable conditions, they begin to actively multiply and cause the appearance of the classic symptoms of herpes infection in the baby.

With the herpes zoster form, herpetic vesicles appear on almost the entire body. Their location depends on the affected nerve. They can be located on the leg, arm, back, front surface of the chest. The rarest localization for the encircling form is the location on the palms and feet. In such cases, painful blisters predominantly appear on the skin of the fingers.

The development of rashes goes through several successive stages. Severe redness appears first. After a couple of hours, moderate itching appears, which becomes unbearable over time. The next stage is the appearance of bubbles. There is a serous fluid inside them. Herpetic vesicles persist on the skin for three to four weeks.

Then they disappear, and ulcers form in their place. If at this time the secondary bacterial flora does not enter the area of ​​the damaged areas, then they heal, and crusts form. The crusts can persist for up to a week. Itching at this time is noticeably reduced. After another week, the crusts begin to fall off on their own.

After an illness, only areas of depigmented skin may remain on the skin. This is a temporary phenomenon. Usually, over time, this symptom disappears completely. In the future, the child's skin becomes clean, without traces of herpes infection.

Skin rashes also accompany other symptoms. These include an increase in temperature to febrile values, soreness and enlargement of the cervical and axillary lymph nodes, increasing headache and severe weakness. They usually persist during the entire acute period of the disease. To eliminate them, the appointment of anti-inflammatory drugs and plentiful warm drinks is required.

Usually doctors note that the severity of the disease depends on the age of the patient. The younger the child, the easier it is to tolerate this form of herpes infection. In an older age, the disease is rather difficult to tolerate. Some patients with severe herpes zoster are even admitted to the hospital. They are shown to carry out intensive treatment.

In the intimate area

The defeat of the genitals by herpes infection is a fairly common pathology that occurs in children's medical practice. This disease is caused by the herpes simplex virus type 2. It is distinguished by its peculiarity to infect the mucous membranes of the genital organs. The severity of the disease depends on the child's age, the presence of concomitant chronic diseases, as well as the state of his immunity.

This variant of herpes infection is usually sexually transmitted. However, in children, there are some characteristics of the transmission of the disease. They can also become infected during intrauterine development - transcervically. In this case, viruses enter the bloodstream along with the amniotic fluid. The transplacental method promotes the transfer of microorganisms through the blood vessels of the placenta.

Scientists also note the variant of infection through the fallopian tubes - transovarially. A fairly common way of infection is during childbirth. Even small damage contributes to the easy entry of viruses into the child's body. This option is also called contact. Doctors note that babies are usually very easily infected with herpes infection at the time of birth.

The most significant susceptibility to infections with herpes simplex viruses type 2 is in babies aged from six months to three years. The immune system of children at this age is not yet fully functioning. This contributes to the fact that the child's body cannot cope with the destruction of viruses on its own. Usually, after initial contact, clinical symptoms appear in only 10% of cases. In the rest, the infection remains in a latent form.

Most cases of infection with the herpes simplex virus type 2 occur during adolescence. The variant of infection in this case is sexual or contact-household. After 5-7 days, the first unfavorable symptoms of the disease appear in children. They can persist for several weeks. The abatement of the acute period of the disease does not mean a complete recovery. Very often the course is chronic.

The classic symptom of genital herpes is numerous vesicles. They are located on the external genitalia. These skin elements are quite itchy. In some cases, itching can be unbearable. The time of day does not matter. Itching can bother a child both during the day and at night.

After the bubbles disappear, erosion and wounds remain on the skin. It will take some time for epithelialization. It usually takes 5-6 days. Then the mucous membrane is completely restored and healed. There are no traces of the transferred illness.

The child's general well-being is quite disturbed. The kid feels bad, his nervousness grows. Little kids are often naughty, kids can often ask for pens. Body temperature usually rises to 38-39 degrees. Against the background of febrile condition, the child may experience chills, as well as fever.

Symptoms of intoxication are also significantly pronounced. With these forms of the disease, headache, sleep and appetite disturbances, and fatigue often occur. It is important to note that this subtype of the virus contributes to the development of relapses. Any condition that leads to a decrease in immunity leads to the appearance of new skin rashes in the child. Such relapses can occur even several years after the first exacerbation.

Mild forms of genital herpes are found in 90-95% of children. In other cases, the disease is severe. This condition requires urgent hospitalization of the child in a hospital. There, for the baby, they will conduct all the necessary complex of antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatment.

Genital disease in a newborn and one-year-old child

Every day, doctors began to note an increasing number of cases of infection with this particular form of herpes infection. Babies are predominantly infected during childbirth. Pregnancy pathologies also contribute to the development of intrauterine infection of the future fetus. Violation of the integrity of the placenta and supplying blood vessels leads to easier penetration of viruses to the baby.

Children under 1 year of age tolerate herpes quite hard. However, there are also exceptions. The severity of the disease depends on the state of the baby's immunity, his birth weight, and the presence of concomitant chronic diseases. If a child contracted the virus during childbirth, then the first symptoms appear, as a rule, after 10-14 days.

Doctors identify several options for the course of infection in babies in the first months of life:

• Localized. It usually occurs in every 2-4 babies who contract genital herpes during childbirth. Herpetic rashes appear on the skin, mucous membranes of the oral cavity, as well as in the eye area. Usually they are single, other options are found only in severe disease. The most dangerous localization is the eye area, as dangerous complications can occur in the form of optic nerve atrophy and the development of visual impairment.
• Generalized. Usually occurs in 25-40% of cases. The first symptoms appear in the baby within 5-7 days from the moment the viruses enter the bloodstream. It is characterized by a rather severe course. Herpetic eruptions cover almost the entire surface of the skin.
• Penetration into the brain. Registered in about 30% of newborns infected with herpes simplex virus type 2. The first clinical signs appear 2-3 weeks after the entry of microorganisms into the child's body. The course of the disease is unfavorable: the symptoms grow rapidly - within a short period of time. The danger of the condition is that it can be fatal.

Treatment

To date, the therapy of herpes infections is diverse. It includes a wide variety of products and medicines. Unfortunately, it is not possible to completely cure herpes in some cases. Some forms of the disease (for example, chickenpox) go away on their own. After the transferred chickenpox, the baby develops a stable lifelong immunity.

All treatment for herpes infections can be divided into several sections:

• Use of antiviral therapy. Medicines can be administered as tablets, injections, and ointments. In milder forms of the disease, topical preparations are mainly used. To eliminate severe symptoms, the appointment of pills is already required. Among the most commonly used drugs are Acyclovir, Zovirax, Valtrex, Vectavir, Famvir and others.
• Restoration of the immune system. Immunotherapy is carried out mainly during the period of remission. The use of drugs of the interferon series and immunoglobulins helps to strengthen the immune system. Medicines are prescribed for a course appointment. The scheme is selected by a pediatrician or an immunologist - taking into account the age of the child and the characteristics of his anamnesis, as well as the presence of concomitant chronic diseases.
• Bed rest during the acute period. The time when the baby has a high temperature is best spent in bed. This will contribute to a faster recovery and prevention of dangerous complications. Usually bed rest is prescribed for 3-5 days. In severe cases, it can be extended by a week or more.

• Good nutrition with a fairly high calorie content. Long-term development of the disease leads to physical exhaustion of the baby. To compensate for this condition, more intensive nutrition is required. If the child has herpes sores in the mouth, then you should choose dishes with a more liquid and soft consistency. After the inflammatory process in the oral cavity subsides, the baby's menu can be expanded.
• Reception of multivitamin complexes. To cope with the consequences of viral intoxication, additional enrichment of the diet with vitamins and useful microelements is required. The well-functioning of the immune system is assisted by multivitamin complexes enriched with antioxidants. Selenium, vitamin C and retinol will be great helpers in the fight against a dangerous viral infection.
• Warm, abundant drink. Helps eliminate all toxic foods from the body. Various fruit drinks and compotes made from berries and fruits are perfect as drinks. Too sweet drinks should not be given to the baby. It is better to pre-dilute them with boiled water. During the day, the sick baby should drink 1.5 liters of liquid.
• When a child develops chickenpox, it is very important to observe quarantine. The entire acute period of the disease, the baby should be at home. This will help prevent massive outbreaks of the disease in educational institutions. After normalization of health, the child can continue to attend kindergarten.
• Strengthening the immune system is an important part of treating herpes infection. Regular hardening, proper nutrition, optimal physical activity, as well as adequate rest and sleep contribute to the good functioning of the immune system. Any overload leads to physical and mental exhaustion of the baby, which contributes to the development of his immunodeficiency.

At home

For many centuries, people have treated herpes on their own, without resorting to drugs. Doctors recommend such treatment only for milder forms of the disease. It is quite dangerous for newborns and infants to use home therapy with folk remedies. Before any use of medicinal plants, be sure to consult with your doctor.

To eliminate the adverse symptoms of herpes, the following are used:

• Lotions made from lemon balm or mint. These funds do an excellent job of eliminating itching and redness of damaged skin areas. To prepare the infusion, take 1 tablespoon of raw materials and fill it with a glass of boiling water, leave for about an hour. Then cool the solution to a comfortable temperature. Lotions with lemon balm infusion can be used up to 3-6 times a day - until the rash disappears completely.
• Propolis. This beekeeping product has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and helps to eliminate itching, as well as any redness. You can use propolis to treat herpes blisters several times a day. This product is prohibited from use for babies who are allergic to honey.
• Eucalyptus oil. It helps relieve redness and itching in the affected area. Eucalyptus oil has excellent antiseptic properties. Applying this remedy to herpes sores will help prevent the entry of pathogenic bacteria and the development of suppuration.
• Broth of calendula. This tool is more often used in the form of lotions. For cooking, it is enough to take 1-1.5 tablespoons of crushed calendula flowers and pour 200 ml of boiling water. You need to insist for 40-50 minutes. Lotions with calendula are applied to the damaged areas 3-4 times a day.
• Sea buckthorn oil. Promotes rapid healing of inflamed skin areas. You can treat rashes several times a day. Sea buckthorn oil is well applied to wound surfaces that form after the rupture of herpes blisters. This simple and affordable remedy can help you effectively deal with redness and reduce the severity of itchy skin.

You can learn more about herpes in the next video.