For two years now, the USE in mathematics has been divided into 2 exams - basic and specialized. Let's deal with the most important thing: what are the differences between the exams, and why each of them is needed.
Let's look at the two levels of the exam in mathematics in more detail
BASIC LEVEL OF THE USE IN MATHEMATICS
As can be seen from the graph, the basic exam contains tasks of three levels of difficulty. The largest number is assigned to tasks of the 1-6 grade level. The solution of all tasks from this block ensures the passing of the exam Who Should Take the Basic Exam Only:
Benefits of choosing a core exam:
Minuses:
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PROFILE LEVEL OF THE USE IN MATHEMATICS
In the profile exam, there are also simple tasks from the program of grades 1-6, but unlike the base, their number is reduced to two, and the wording itself is a little more complicated. A rather large block of tasks is assigned to the program of grades 7–9 - 8 tasks, 7 of which are quite easy and one difficult task in geometry. The rest of the tasks are divided into material that should be mastered in grades 10-11 and 2 tasks of the Olympiad level. Olympiad tasks are not included in the school curriculum and must be mastered independently or in the classroom with a tutor. Who should take only the profile exam:
Advantages of choosing a profile exam:
Minuses:
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! Things to remember if both profile and base are selected.
To significantly complicate the life of those who need a profile, the decision to take the basic level can also be taken.
Applicants who for some reason did not pass the profile exam on day 1 (for health reasons, could not cope with nerves, ruined the form, etc.) are not allowed to retake if they also chose the basic exam. Therefore, if you are confident in your abilities and are going to enter only in areas where the result of a profile exam is required, consider refusing the basic level, even if the school insists on passing it.
Now that we have figured out what the exam in mathematics is, we are sharing with you tips that will definitely help you in the exam.
- Hints in the tasks themselves.
When completing tasks from the USE, you will certainly come across such a wording in the task “Round your answer to hundredths” or “Round your answer to integers”. This instruction will help you not to make a mistake. If the answer without rounding turned out to be an integer, it means that a mistake was made in the solution, and the task should be solved again. - Olympiad tasks.
A little higher, we said that there are 2 such tasks in the profile exam, and both are not included in the school curriculum. Often students do not even try to solve these problems. But even completing part of such a task will bring a few points. Try it! - Use the USE standards.
It should be remembered that the answers in the first part of the exam must always be an integer or a decimal. If you got a number with a root in your answer, then the answer is incorrect and requires rechecking.
And If you want to ask questions to the teacher and learn more about the USE in mathematics, we invite you to a free webinar "How to prepare for the USE in mathematics", which will be held on September 21 at 19:00.
Do you want to test the level of your knowledge? Take a free course prepared by our teachers.
Join our math preparation team! You can purchase the annual course with a 75% discount until October 1st.
Which programming language to choose, what tasks to focus on and how to allocate time on the exam
Teaches computer science at Foxford.
Different universities require different entrance exams in IT areas. Somewhere you need to take physics, somewhere - computer science. It is up to you to decide which exam to prepare for, but it should be borne in mind that the competition for specialties where physics must be taken is usually lower than in specialties where the Unified State Examination in computer science is required, i.e. the probability of entering "through physics" is greater.
Why then take the exam in computer science?
- It is faster and easier to prepare for it than for physics.
- You will be able to choose from more specialties.
- It will be easier for you to study in the chosen specialty.
What you need to know about the exam in computer science
The exam in computer science consists of two parts. In the first part there are 23 problems with a short answer, in the second - 4 problems with a detailed answer. The first part of the exam has 12 basic level items, 10 advanced level items and 1 high level item. In the second part - 1 task of an increased level and 3 - high.
Solving problems from the first part allows you to score 23 primary points - one point for the completed task. Solving problems in the second part adds 12 primary points (3, 2, 3 and 4 points for each problem, respectively). Thus, the maximum primary points that can be obtained for solving all tasks is 35.
Primary scores are converted into test scores, which are the result of the exam. 35 primary points = 100 test points per exam. At the same time, more test points are awarded for solving problems from the second part of the exam than for answers to the problems of the first part. Each primary score obtained on the second part of the exam will give you 3 or 4 test scores, which in total is about 40 final scores for the exam.
This means that when completing the exam in computer science, it is necessary to pay special attention to solving problems with a detailed answer: No. 24, 25, 26 and 27. Their successful completion will allow you to score more final points. But the price of a mistake during their implementation is higher - the loss of each primary score is fraught with the fact that you will not pass the competition, because 3-4 final scores for the Unified State Examination with high competition in IT specialties can become decisive.
How to prepare for solving problems from the first part
- Pay special attention to tasks No. 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 20, 23. It is these tasks, according to the analysis of the results of past years, that are especially difficult. Difficulties in solving these problems are experienced not only by those who have a low overall score for the Unified State Examination in computer science, but also by “good students” and “excellent students”.
- Learn by heart the table of powers of the number 2.
- Remember that Kbytes in tasks means kibibytes, not kilobytes. 1 kibibyte = 1024 bytes. This will help avoid calculation errors.
- Carefully study the exam options of previous years. The computer science exam is one of the most stable, which means that you can safely use the USE options for the last 3-4 years for preparation.
- Get to know the different options for wording assignments. Remember that a slight change in the wording will always lead to worse exam results.
- Read the problem statement carefully. Most of the errors in completing assignments are due to a misunderstanding of the condition.
- Learn to independently check completed tasks and find errors in the answers.
What you need to know about problem solving with a detailed answer
24 task - to find the error
25 task requires a simple program
26 task - on game theory
27 task - it is necessary to program a complex program
Problem 27 is the main difficulty in the exam. It is only decided60-70% of USE writers in computer science. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that it is impossible to prepare for it in advance. Each year, a fundamentally new problem is presented for the exam. When solving problem No. 27, not a single semantic error should be made.
How to calculate exam time
Be guided by the data that are given in the specification of control measuring materials for the exam in computer science. It indicates the approximate time allotted for completing the tasks of the first and second parts of the exam.
The exam in computer science lasts 235 minutes
Of these, 90 minutes are allotted for solving problems from the first part. On average, each task from the first part takes from 3 to 5 minutes. It takes 10 minutes to solve problem #23.
There are 145 minutes left to solve the tasks of the second part of the exam, while solving the last task No. 27 will take at least 55 minutes. These calculations were made by the specialists of the Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements and are based on the results of exams from previous years, so they should be taken seriously and used as a guide for the exam.
Programming languages - which one to choose
- BASIC. It is an outdated language, and although it is still taught in schools, there is no point in wasting time learning it.
- School algorithmic programming language. It is designed specifically for early learning to program, it is convenient for mastering initial algorithms, but it contains almost no depth, there is nowhere to develop in it.
- Pascal. It is still one of the most common programming languages for teaching in schools and universities, but its capabilities are also very limited. Pascal is quite suitable as the language for writing the exam.
- C++. Universal language, one of the fastest programming languages. It is difficult to study on it, but in practical application its possibilities are very wide.
- Python. It is easy to learn at an elementary level, the only thing required is knowledge of English. At the same time, with an in-depth study, Python provides the programmer with no less opportunities than C ++. Having started learning Python at school, you will continue to use it in the future, you will not have to relearn another language in order to reach new horizons in programming. To pass the exam, it is enough to know "Python" at a basic level.
Good to know
- Works in computer science are evaluated by two experts. If the expert evaluation results differ by 1 point, the higher of the two points is assigned. If the discrepancy is 2 points or more, the work is rechecked by a third expert.
- A useful site for preparing for the exam in computer science -
The unified state exam in the Russian language is one of the most important for a student. It is taken by all graduates without exception, and the results are taken into account when entering all specialties, including purely technical ones. An exception can be made only by those universities in which the USE is not a primary selection criterion (military institutions and specialties related to state secrets). That is why it is so important to have a high score in this subject.
How to achieve a good result when passing the exam in the Russian language? Of course, first of all, due to thorough advance preparation. The school provides the necessary base, but for an excellent result it is not enough. Self-study with the help of reference manuals or attending specialized courses is a personal choice for everyone. Nevertheless, in any case, it is necessary to know and take into account all the features of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language.
Often, what at first glance seems easy and understandable can turn into a "pitfall" that will significantly reduce your score, even if you are a well-versed and absolutely literate person. It is important to use your exam time effectively and avoid accidental mistakes. To do this, you need to know the specifics of each of the parts of the exam.
What does the USE in Russian consist of?
As you know, the exam in Russian consists of three parts: "A", "B" and "C". Consider the nuances of working with each of these blocks. Keep in mind that parts "A" and "B" should be completed in a little over an hour - this will give more time to write the most difficult part "C". The duration of the exam in 2013 was 210 minutes (three and a half hours), and it is likely that this will not change this year. To save time, remember: if there are problems with the answers to any question from the first two blocks, do not “hang out” on them, but calmly move on to the next tasks - you can return to the passes after completing part “C”.
A
The first level, or part "A", consists of thirty questions. For each of them, four possible answers are given, one of which is necessarily correct. This part is the easiest, so it doesn't need any special instructions for doing it - you just need to know the types of tasks that you will encounter. Each question of part "A" is responsible for certain norms or rules of the Russian language, a complete list of which can be found in the comments to the USE manual or on the Internet. Since all 30 tasks are subject to the general scheme, how often you practiced in response to tasks of part "A" during preparation plays a big role in their solution. We advise you to do this as often as possible, be sure to check the answers and analyze the errors. If you see that you periodically make a mistake in the same number of part "A", practice solving only this type of tasks.
B
In part "B" you will be asked 8 questions. There are no more possible answers here. In this block, great importance should be given to the design of the answers. You need to write them down, starting from the first cell of the line, and in such a way that the letters match the pattern. If the answer is a word from the text, it must be entered in the same form (gender, number, case, etc.) as it is in the text. If you need to specify several words or numbers in the answer, they should be written separated by commas.
Remember, the first two blocks of the exam are checked by a computer, so we repeat once again that the correct design of these blocks is extremely important!
With
Part "C" contains only one, but the most difficult task is an essay on the read text. This is a creative work, here you must demonstrate the ability to understand and analyze the text, as well as formulate your own opinion on one of the issues raised in the text. At the same time, you must strictly adhere to a certain plan. Your essay should consist of an introduction, in which you should briefly explain what the text is about and the wording of the problem raised in the text. In no case should the concepts of “topic” and “problem” be confused, it is necessary to position the problem! After that, it is necessary to write a comment on this problem, that is, to explain how it is revealed in the text. Further, you are required to disclose the author's position (“The author believes that ...”) and express your own opinion, which may or may not coincide with the author's. Your opinion must be supported by two arguments, and one of them must be taken from a literary source, otherwise the work loses one point. And finally, the conclusion (conclusion) completes the essay.
Pay increased attention to the coherence and consistency of the entire text of your essay. For better perception, break your text into paragraphs corresponding to each part of the work (introduction, problem, comment, author's position, your position, conclusion). Try to write in legible handwriting whenever possible: despite the fact that the essay is checked by the teacher, the workload on it is great, and bad handwriting can cause annoying mistakes if you write illegibly.
For an essay, you can get a maximum of 23 points.
In this short article, we have touched only on the main nuances, but we hope that by paying attention to them in advance, you will be able to fully prepare for the exam and feel more confident at the time of the real test of your knowledge and nerves.
Good luck and highest scores!
Sincerely, Resolver.
What does the USE in the Russian language consist of?
In order to receive a school certificate, a graduate must pass two mandatory exams in the form of the Unified State Examination - Russian language and mathematics. The results of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language are required for admission to universities for each area of training (specialty).
The minimum number of points in the Russian language:
to obtain a certificate - 24 points;
for admission to a university - 36 points.
The examination time is 3.5 hours (210 minutes).
STRUCTURE OF THE EXAM WORK
Each version of the examination paper consists of two parts and includes 26 tasks that differ in form and level of complexity.
Part 1 contains 25 tasks with a short answer. In the examination paper, the following types of tasks with a short answer are proposed: tasks of an open type for recording a self-formulated correct answer; tasks to choose from and write down one correct answer from the proposed list of answers. The answer to the tasks of part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a number (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers) written without spaces, commas and other additional characters.
Part 2 contains 1 open-ended task with a detailed answer (composition), which tests the ability to create your own statement based on the text you read.
UNSATISFACTORY RESULT
If the participant disagrees with the results of the exam, he can file an appeal.
If a graduate receives a result below the minimum number of points in one of the compulsory subjects (Russian language or mathematics), then he can retake this exam in the same year on the reserve days provided for by the USE schedule.
If a graduate receives an unsatisfactory result in both the Russian language and mathematics, he will be able to retake the exam only next year.
If other USE participants who are not graduates of the current year receive a result below the minimum number of points, they will be able to take the USE in the subject only next year.
What is the structure of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language?
Tasks 1-3 associated with text comprehension. To successfully complete these tasks, you must first analyze the text, think about which information is the main and which is secondary, and find causal relationships.
Task 4checks orthoepic norms (accents). Print out the list for yourself and read, or download the audio version and listen, it will not be possible to prepare for it in the evening, so we recommend that you regularly devote 5-10 minutes to it.
Task 5- paronyms. We memorize lists of paronyms, look at patterns (for example, the suffixes -chiv-, -liv- refer to a person) and practice.
Tasks 8-14 associated with spelling (these are roots, prefixes, suffixes and endings). There is nothing difficult here, we just learn the rules and exceptions to them, pay attention to the traps. If, for example, words with not (intractable) are often written on prefixes, it is easy to make a mistake in such words, because after c there is a voiced consonant, but one has only to drop the prefix not and everything becomes easy.
Examinations in the form of the Unified State Exam have been taken by graduates without fail since 2009. What is the most common nightmare for schoolchildren? In this article...
What is the USE and how should it be taken? Unified State Exam
By Masterweb
02.07.2018 10:00In connection with the widespread discussion of all the pros and cons of the compulsory school exam, people who are far from the educational system have a question: what is the USE? This article will introduce you to the Unified State Exam.
The USE is a form of universal control of knowledge for the course of secondary general education. As mentioned above, the decoding of the abbreviation USE is the Unified State Exam. On this type of test work, graduates are offered tasks of a certain format in writing. The exception is the USE in English, which includes oral and written parts.
Compulsory for delivery are Russian and mathematics (basic level). In addition, students at the end of grade 11 can take any of the 14 general education subjects for admission to the university.
The exam is mandatory not only for all citizens of Russia, but also for those who have studied abroad. Certain groups of people are not allowed to take the exam, including:
- those who have academic debt;
- students who did not pass the results of the final essay;
- who do not have annual grades in one or more general education subjects.
What does the exam affect?
In order to understand what the exam is, you need to understand what depends on this exam.
First of all, the points earned on the USE affect admission to universities and institutes. Each university independently chooses additional subjects for delivery.
The disciplines of each direction are different. For example, to enter the Faculty of Medicine, you need to pass, in addition to the Russian language and mathematics, chemistry and biology. To apply for foreign philology, you must pass a foreign language and literature (in some universities social studies). On the official websites of universities, you can find a list of subjects in all areas, arranged in order of priority. As a rule, the USE passing score is directly dependent on the prestige of the university.
From 2019, scores for this exam will also affect the possibility of obtaining a "gold" medal. Now graduates need to score at least 270 points in three subjects to receive a medal.
What are the tasks of the exam?
What is the USE and what does this exam require from graduates?
The tasks of the compulsory exam are called KIM (control and measuring materials). They are compiled according to a specific model developed by FIPI. On the FIPI website, you can also find samples of the exam for practicing the skills necessary for successful passing. The exam contains both short answer and extended answer questions.
Options for the tasks of the Unified State Exam in different regions are not the same. This is done to prevent job leaks. The USE options provided to different regions are, as a rule, of the same type and identical in complexity.
Consider the format of the tasks of the main exams - Russian and mathematics.
Mathematics is divided into basic and profile levels, but the profile is optional. When passing the profile level, the basic exam is optional.
The USE in mathematics at the basic level includes only a test part of 20 tasks. The answer to them is one or more digits without separator signs or a decimal fraction. The tasks of the basic level are relatively simple and are aimed at testing the ability to apply the knowledge of the school course in real life situations.
The tasks of the USE in mathematics at the profile level are divided into 2 parts depending on the level of complexity and format. The first part is 8 tasks with a short answer. The second part includes 4 tasks with a short answer and 7 with a detailed one. Completing tasks with a detailed answer requires a complete record of the decision with a detailed justification.
The Unified State Examination in the Russian language is required for admission to any direction. It consists of 24 tasks to choose one of the proposed answers and one task with a detailed answer. Recording USE tests in the answer sheet involves writing a word, number or sequence without separating characters.
The second part of the exam in the Russian language is an essay on this text with the involvement of fiction from the school curriculum.
Exam time
The standard period for passing the exam is May-June. At this time, most students take it. However, if you need to pass the test ahead of schedule, you can do it in the early period, in April, or in the additional period, in May.
Certain groups of people are eligible for early delivery. These include:
- persons studying in evening schools who are called up to serve in the army;
- participants in sports competitions or olympiads;
- those who need treatment;
- people who urgently travel abroad.
The exam in the additional period can pass:
- graduates of previous years;
- vocational education graduates;
- Foreigners.
The procedure for conducting the exam
You must bring your passport with you to the exam. All personal belongings, except for a black gel pen for filling out forms and a passport, are left outside the classroom. Some items require a ruler, pencil, or non-programmable calculator to be returned.
Every year the conditions for passing the exam are becoming more stringent, and the USE options are becoming more complicated, which is associated with a reduction in state-funded places in universities.
It is impossible to use any electronic devices: all applicants pass through the control of a metal detector. Even if the student did not use the cheat sheet, but the organizers noticed it, the exam results will be canceled. An attempt to cheat can result in a retake in a year.
A certain time is allotted for the implementation of KIM, which depends on the specific subject. This interval includes both the completion of tasks and their transfer to special forms. Experts do not check drafts. After the allotted period of time, the form is taken from the graduate by the organizer.
The exam differs from the usual regular knowledge control in that the examiners perform tasks under online video surveillance. This decision was made to fairly assess the knowledge of each student.
Do not pay attention to the cameras during the exam, it will only cause unnecessary anxiety. For those who independently and honestly perform tasks, observation is not scary.
In addition to all of the above, if you have a medical certificate, you can bring drugs or food into the audience.
How to behave as a graduate on the exam?
There are some rules of conduct for a student on the exam, familiarization with which will help to avoid problems in the conditions of the exam. Sellers are strictly prohibited from:
- bring personal items into the audience (phones, textbooks, cheat sheets, etc.);
- talk to other alumni;
- change;
- exchange things;
- leave class without permission.
USE check
Each student's work is anonymous. Each graduate is assigned a code, which he must enter on the form.
Samples of work are checked by expert teachers according to clear criteria, which can also be found on the FIPI website. It is checked by three experts. In case of disagreement, an average score is given for the task.
Grading system
Exam results vary by subject, as each exam has its own grading scale. To overcome this difference, the primary scores are converted by the system into secondary scores (according to a 100-point scale) when presenting the results. Translation is carried out in the order shown in the picture.
If a graduate doubts the correctness of the check by experts, you can file an appeal. The work will be sent for manual revision of all assignments. However, it is worth remembering that when re-checking, you can either get additional points or lose them.
The assessment system sets a certain threshold for each subject, which determines whether the graduate has a minimum knowledge for the course of the school curriculum. If the threshold is not passed, the student is given the opportunity to retake the exam on reserve days. If you receive a grade below satisfactory in two compulsory subjects, you can retake it only after a year.
Of course, in order to avoid stress and save yourself from surprises during the exam, you need not only to clearly understand what the exam is, but also regularly devote time to systematic preparation. Then the exam tasks will not seem so intimidating.
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