Convective drying chambers with front loading of sawn timber. Description of the design of the Uraldrev-Into drying chamber of the front loading chamber Technical characteristics of the SKvp series drying chambers

Date: 11.07.2021

Timber drying chamber device

The SKvp drying chamber consists of an all-metal frame insulated with mineral wool basalt sandwich panels 100-120 mm thick, which guarantee normal operation in the range of ambient temperatures from -30 to +40 ºС. The frame of the drying chamber is treated with a heat and moisture resistant Finnish coating. The doors of the drying chamber are lift-and-slide on rhombic supports, they are pressed spontaneously under their own weight. The gates are opened with the help of a removal mechanism, on which a worm winch is installed and rolled to the side by the width of the opening along the I-beam located in the upper part of the frame under the roofing sandwich panels. On the rear wall of the drying chamber there is an inspection door for visual monitoring of the state of the lumber during the drying process in case of need and maintenance or emergency repairs.

Top equipment layout, front loading with a forklift (side view)

SKvp 30 .... 80

The timber drying chamber is equipped with aluminum axial reversible fans, which ensure the blowing of the stack with air at a speed of 2 ... 2.5 m / s and stainless heat exchangers designed to heat the air. The equipment is located in the upper part of the body and closed from below by a false ceiling with gaps up to the inner surfaces of the rear wall and the door by 1000… 1200 mm, which ensures good blowing of the stack. On the rear and front walls above the door, there are 2 electrically operated aluminum air dampers for automatic discharge of excessively humid air from the drying chamber. The supply line is equipped with a 3-way motorized valve for automatic regulation of hot water supply to the heat exchangers. Air and 3-way valves provide the required climate in the drying chamber, namely the temperature and humidity set by the operator using the program at each stage of drying the sawn timber.

Temperature, air humidity and wood moisture during the drying process are measured using sensors installed on the rear and side walls inside the drying chamber. The entire drying process is controlled by an automatic control system based on the advanced Italian new generation LITouch or dTOUCH controllers.

Technical characteristics of SKvp series drying chambers

Parameters	SKvp-30	SKvp-40	SKvp-50	SKvp-65	SKvp-80
Outer dimensions of the drying chamber frame, mm: - length - width - height	4900 7000 4950	5900 7000 4950	7100 7000 4950	8300 7000 4950	9500 7000 4950
Doorway dimensions, mm	6600 x 3600
Useful loading volume of lumber 6000 mm long (board 150 mm wide, gasket 25 mm thick), m³ - board thickness 50 mm - board thickness 40 mm - board thickness 30 mm	32 29 26	43 39 34	57 51 45	71 64 57	85 77 68
Number of packages of the loaded stack	6	9	12	15	18
Dimensions of one package (width x height), according to which the useful volume of loading is calculated, mm	1200 x 1100	1100 x 1100
Number of reversible fans and power of electric motors	3 pcs. by 3 kW		3 pcs. by 4 kW	5 pieces. by 3 kW	5 pieces. by 4 kW
Air flow generated in the drying chamber, m³ / h	90 000		105 000	150 000	175 000
The number of heaters and the thermal power of each with a water supply of 90 ºС	3 pcs. 65 kW each	6 pcs. 65 kW each			9 pcs. 65 kW each
Heat exchange surface area of heaters, m2	127	254			381
The number and dimensions of the flow area of the air valves	4 things. by 300 x 300 mm	4 things. 400 x 300 mm		4 things. 500 x 300 mm each
Nominal bore of 3-way valve, mm	DN 40	DN 50			DN 65
Thickness of mineral wool based on basalt insulation, mm - walls - roofs	100 120
Drying process control	SAU-30 automation based on the LITouch controller			SAU-40 automation based on dTOUCH controller
Average drying time under normal coniferous drying modes, days - board thickness 50 mm - board thickness 40 mm - board thickness 30 mm	8 7 6
Required heat output when choosing a boiler, kW	160	215	285	355	425
Ambient air temperature during operation of the drying chamber, ºС	- 30 … + 40

1. Technical characteristics of the drying chamber with a volume of 60 m 3.

External dimensions of the camera (depth x width x height), m	8.14 x 7.27 x 6.05 (6.79)
Loading space dimensions (depth x width x height), m	7.72 x 6.4 x 4.2
Estimated volume of chamber loading, m 3:
- with board thickness 50 mm	62 , 2
- with board thickness 2 5 mm	46,7

Lumber is stacked in 12 drying bags ( 4 - in depth, 3 - in height).

Estimated package size - 6 x 1.2 x 1.2 m.Loading is frontal, with a fork loader.

The chambers are designed for drying wood of any species.

2. Standard complete set of one camera 60 m 3:

Fans.

Aluminum heat and moisture resistant reversible fans ( engineSiemens) , in the amount of 4 pieces. Fan power 3 kW. Degree of protection fan motors IP 55 (GOST 14254-96 ), thermally protected version according to insulation class "H" (GOST 8865-93).

The fans are formed into a group on the fan aluminum wall and are positioned above the false ceiling. Fan blades - cast aluminum, dynamically balanced, shells are made of aluminum alloys.

With optional installation electronic control systems fan rotation speed control of rotation frequency can be performed depending on the current moisture content of the wood: 10 steps, min. power - 20% of the nominal.

Air heaters.

Bimetallic heaters of KNSk type with aluminum fins. The heat transfer surface made of aluminum and the tight contact of the two materials provide high heat engineering characteristics of the heaters.

Replacement of bimetallic heaters with stainless onesif aggressive species such as oak, larch, etc. are used

Automation and power cabinet.

Under the control of a automaticallyOhsystemsscontroller based LiTOUCH

LITouchis a natural development of the well-proven controller for DELPHI drying kilns. Automation combines ease of operation with a graphical touchscreen display, and especially suitable for users who require simple and complete control over the system using both standard and their own drying programs.

Along with ease of maintenance, the automation allows you to independently create complex drying cycles, including up to 30 stages. The operator can set priority conditions for the end of each drying phase, as well as select drive control modes. By default, the LITouch controller contains more than 80 drying programs that can be used independently or as a template to create your own.

The sensor signal amplifier is housed in a separate aluminum housing (IP65). In this regard, the control panel with the controller can be located at a sufficient distance from the drying chamber (up to 1000 m).

Specifications:

Temperature measurement range in the chamber: 0 ... 1 3 0 ° C

Wood moisture measurement limits: 4 …90%

Equilibrium moisture measurement limits: 2 …30%

Number of temperature sensors: 2 (standard)

Number of wood moisture sensors: 6 (standard)

Number of EMC sensors: 2 (standard)

For remote control (range up to 1200 m) using a personal computer, software can be usedWoodWizardversion2.0 (supplied optionally with a matching unit ), which combines all the best qualities of previous versions and new functionality.

It is also possible about combining up to 32 drying controllers cameras into a single network via a personal computer with remote access to the computer controlling the drying process.

Controller LiTOUCH growth in service and. Has the ability receive a detailed report drying process in printed form (including alarms).The controller's protective function allows only authorized personnel to make changes to the program.

The presence of a modern security system makes it possible to timely detect errors in management and instantly signal their appearance.

All the actuators responsible for maintaining the technological process are connected to the power electrical cabinet. Switches on the front panel of the cabinet allow (if necessary) to switch over to manual control of all equipment of the drying chamber during maintenance and repair work.

Option:Automatic control system based on controllerdTOUCH.

dTOUCHdeveloped on the basis Delphi and has the same specifications.In addition to all realized functions in DELPHI, dTOUCH includes more a wide range of drying programs for more than 400 types of wood, including some special cycles for maintaining / changing the natural color of the wood, for quick drying, and so on.Distinctive featuredTOUCH- management through touch screen with the ability to connect wireless sensors to control the wood drying process. Downloading and transferring control programs using microSD memory.

Frame and structure of the walls.

Building frameis a metal structure made completely made of aluminum profile(pipe 120x120mm, 5mm thick)... An inspection door is installed in the rear wall of the chamber.

The construction of the walls is cassette, internal and external cladding - profiled sheet aluminum alloy up to 1.2 mm thick .

As insulation used hydrophobized mineral platePAROC, based on basalt fiber with mixed fiber orientation. The thickness of the panel is 125 mm (at the request of the customer, the thickness of the panels can be changed).

Insulation is laid in 2 layers, which allows you to minimize the area of thermal bridges.

The construction of the walls, consisting of horizontal cassettes with a slab height of 850 mm, guarantees that the insulation will not sag throughout the entire period of operation.

The fiber structure does not contain any volatile compounds, therefore its thermal insulation properties remain unchanged for decades.

Basalt fiber has good water-repellent properties; under normal operating conditions, the amount of moisture in the specific volume is less than 0.5%.

Thermal resistance coefficient of fences 5.45 m 2 х о С / W subject to operation B according to SNiP 23-02-2003.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of mineral wool is not more than 0.033 W / (mx ºС).

A drainage channel is provided in the floor of the chamber.

Defrost protection - in automatic mode, the temperature in the chamber is maintained at least 5 ºС; during a long stop, water is drained from the heating system and from each heater.

Lift-and-slide gate and gate lifting mechanism.

The gate is made of the same materials as the walls of the drying chamber. The gate is opened and closed by a special mechanism. Traffic mechanism with a gate is carried out along the overhead track. Snug fit the gate is carried out due to its own weight of the gate, lowered by the mechanism on special guides.

The silicone rubber profile provides high-quality insulation of the chamber space from the external environment (silicone rubber, in terms of its performance, is an excellent insulating material, withstands frost without hardening to t = –50 ºС; silicone has excellent reversible properties, withstands high humidity, pressure, steam, the action of various chemicals and oils; resistant to solar radiation, ozone and has electrical insulating properties). Maximum working temperature t = + 150 ºС.

Silicone is environmentally friendly.

Supply and exhaust ventilation system.

The supply and exhaust ventilation system includes boxes insulated with mineral wool, 4 aluminum dampers (dampers) and 2 actuators (Switzerland).

A set of aprons.

Purpose - rational distribution of the flow of the drying agent.

Three-way valve for heating system.

Heater three-way valve ( Siemens) cast iron, stainless steel valve stem. The valve is equipped with an electric actuator ( Siemens) electronically controlled. Maximum permissible operating temperature t = 130 ° C. Nominal diameter of three-way valve D at 65.

False ceiling, deflector, fan wall.

Raised ceiling, deflector and fan wall are made of corrosion-resistant aluminum grades ... The main purpose of the metal structures of the internal equipment is to create a channel for the movement of a drying agent and a hinge of fans and air heaters. To facilitate access to the equipment during routine maintenance and inspections, the false ceiling panels are made easily removable.

Hardware.

All fixtures in the chamber (bolts, nuts, screws, etc.) are made of stainless steel, rivets are made of aluminum.

Humidification system.

The humidification system includescopper pipes, fittings, nozzles, solenoid valve D u12. An autonomous water supply system and a fine water filter are optionally supplied.

Set of cables.

The set of cables ensures the location of the control cabinet in the room at a distance of up to 5 meters from the drying chamber. When the control cabinet is located more than 5 meters from the drying chamber, it is necessary to additionally coordinate the length of the cables.

Domestic drying chambers of the European level

In modern conditions, woodworking products are becoming more and more in demand. At the same time, one of the ways to increase the profitability of a woodworking enterprise is a deeper processing of the material.

At the stage of primary processing, the use of drying chambers contributes to an increase in economic efficiency. Despite the abundance of various designs, the most effective are still the traditional ones - convection-type drying chambers. The company "Negociant-Nizhiniring" has extensive experience in the supply of convection-type drying chambers. The quality of the cameras supplied corresponds to the best European standards, while their prices are much lower than their imported counterparts.

The heat carrier in chambers of this type is ordinary hot water or steam, and energy complexes operating on wood waste (sawdust, shavings, etc.) can be used to heat the water. At the same time, the drying process practically does not require additional costs, while simultaneously solving the problem of waste disposal. Drying of wood is carried out with hot air with a high-speed circulation of the drying agent. Air movement is directed perpendicular to the stack. Our company supplies cameras in a wide variety of sizes. They allow you to dry wood of any species, and are suitable for both large enterprises and small workshops.

The supporting structure of the chamber is formed by a massive frame made of special grades of aluminum. The enclosing structures are a cassette structure that significantly increases the assembly speed and reliability of the structure. Elements of the cassette structure are made of three-layer panels filled with hard mineral wool insulation. The thickness of the panels reaches 120 - 150 mm.

Front-loading drying chambers are equipped with lift-and-slide gates. Opening and closing of the gate is carried out by a special mechanism along the overhead track. Wagon-loaded chambers are usually equipped with single or double leaf swing gates. A tight clamping of the gate is ensured by a screw mechanism, and a special profile made of silicone rubber is used as a seal.

The main purpose of the metal structures of the internal equipment is to create a channel for the movement of the drying agent. At the same time, they also serve for hanging the internal equipment - fans and air heaters. All components are made of aluminum. To ensure easy access to the equipment during routine maintenance and inspections, the false ceiling panels are made easily removable.

A significant advantage of the cameras is the use of imported components (electronics, fans, etc.). They have long proven their reliability in comparison with their Russian counterparts. This factor insignificantly affects the overall cost, but significantly increases the reliability of the camera. To realize automatic control of the drying process, a HOLZMEISTER control unit is used. Its rear panel has a port for connecting a printer without using a computer. The control units of the chambers can be combined into a single network, which will allow the operator to control the block of drying chambers (up to 32 pieces) from one personal computer.

The entire electric power part of the control system is mounted in the control cabinet. The switches are located on the front of the cabinet. They allow, if necessary, to switch over to manual control of all equipment of the drying chamber. This function is especially useful when carrying out routine maintenance and repair work.

Drying chambers are equipped with KNSk type heaters with bimetallic (carbon steel - aluminum) spiral-rolled pipes. If necessary, the design of the heater is made of stainless steel. The service life of heaters with a supporting structure made of carbon steel is 8-10 years, and of stainless steel - up to 30 years.

All internal elements of the chambers have been repeatedly tested. Air circulation is provided by highly efficient reversible fans made in Germany, installed in the upper part of the chamber. The fans are made in a moisture-proof design according to class "H" (GOST 8865-93), degree of protection IP55 (GOST 14254-96). The estimated speed of movement of the drying agent is 2.0 - 2.5 m / s. This characteristic ensures fast and high-quality drying and corresponds to the modern state of the art in drying technology. If necessary, the fans can be equipped with an electronic speed variator that allows you to change the drying speed, and at the same time save up to 30% energy when drying long-drying species and timber assortments. Balanced characteristics and rational layout of fans and heaters provide uniform airflow to the lumber and efficient operation of the equipment.
The ventilation system is designed to discharge excess moisture into the atmosphere and supply air with a low moisture content to the chamber. The system consists of insulated boxes, aluminum valves and electric actuators made in Switzerland.
The humidification system increases the humidity in the chamber. Humidification is done with hot or cold water. The system is equipped with stainless steel slotted nozzles that are easy to clean.
The temperature and humidity of the air are measured at two points, and the humidity of the wood is measured at six. If necessary, the number of measuring points can be changed.

In addition to the standard interior equipment, the following additional equipment is installed:

electronic fan speed variator;
valve for steam or water for temperatures up to 150 ° C;
stainless steel fasteners;
piping of the heating system (air heaters): pipes and fittings;
a pumping station for a humidification system;
double-sided humidification system for use in large chambers when drying hardwood;
control room: a fully equipped room attached to the chamber with a kit for piping systems and fixing units (including piping for heaters and humidification systems);
pallet trucks, rails.

2. Standard complete set of one chamber 75 m 3:

Fans.

Aluminum heat and moisture resistant reversible fans (engineSiemens) , in the amount of 4 pieces.

Fan power 4 kW. The degree of protection of fan motors is IP 55 (GOST 14254-96), thermally protected version according to insulation class "H" (GOST 8865-93).

The fans are grouped on an aluminum fan wall and positioned above the false ceiling. Fan blades - cast aluminum, dynamically balanced, shells are made of aluminum alloys.

Air heaters.

Bimetallic heaters of KNSk type with aluminum fins. The heat transfer surface made of aluminum and the tight contact of the two materials provide high heat engineering characteristics of the heaters.

When drying hardwood lumber that forms a sharply aggressive environment (oak, larch), it is recommended to install stainless steel heaters.

Automation and power cabinet.

Under the control of aautomaticallyOhsystemsscontroller basedLiTOUCH.

LITouch is a natural development of the well-proven controller for DELPHI drying kilns. The automation combines ease of operation with a graphic touch screen display, and is especially suitable for users who require simple and complete control over the system, using both standard and their own drying programs.

Specifications:

Temperature measurement range in the chamber: 0 ... 130 ° C

Wood moisture measurement range: 4 ... 90%

Measurement range of equilibrium moisture content: 2 ... 30%

Number of temperature sensors: 2 (standard)

Number of wood moisture sensors: 6 (standard)

Number of EMC sensors: 2 (standard)

For remote control (range up to 1200 m) using a personal computer, software can be used WoodWizardversion2.0 (supplied optionally with a matching unit), which combines all the best qualities of previous versions and new functionality.

It is also possible to combine up to 32 controllers of drying chambers into a single network through a personal computer with remote access to the computer that controls the drying process.

Controller LiTOUCH easy to operate, has the ability to obtain a detailed report of the drying process in print (including alarms). The controller's protective function allows only authorized personnel to make changes to the program.

____________________________________________________________________

Option: Automatic control system based on controller dTOUCH.

dTOUCH is developed based on Delphi and has the same specifications. In addition to all the implemented functions in DELPHI, dTOUCH includes a wider range of drying programs for more than 400 types of wood, including some special cycles for maintaining / changing the natural color of wood, for quick drying, and so on. Distinctive feature dTOUCH- management through touch screen with the ability to connect wireless sensors to control the wood drying process. Download and transfer of control programs using microSD memory.

Frame and structure of the walls.

The building frame is a metal structure made entirely of aluminum profiles... An inspection door is installed in the rear wall of the chamber.

The structure of the walls is cassette, internal and external cladding - profiled sheet made of aluminum alloy .

Mineral slabs are used as insulation PAROC, based on basalt fiber with mixed fiber orientation. The thickness of the panel is 125 mm (at the request of the customer, the thickness of the panels can be changed).

Insulation is laid in 2 layers, which allows you to minimize the area of thermal bridges.

Wall structure consisting of horizontal cassettes with a slab height of 850 mm guarantees the absence of insulation subsidence during the entire period of operation.

The structure of the fiber does not contain any volatile compounds, so its thermal insulation properties remain unchanged for decades. Basalt fiber has good water-repellent properties; under normal operating conditions, the amount of moisture in the specific volume is less than 0.5%.

Thermal resistance coefficient of fences 5.45 m 2 х о С / W subject to operation B according to SNiP 23-02-2003.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of mineral wool is not more than 0.033 W / (mx ºС).

A drainage channel is provided in the floor of the chamber.

Defrost protection- in automatic mode, the chamber maintains a temperature of at least 5 ° C; during a long stop, it is possible to drain water from the heating system and from each heater.

Lift-and-slide gate and gate lifting mechanism.

The gate is made of the same materials as the walls of the drying chamber. The gate is opened and closed by a special mechanism. The movement of the mechanism with the gate is carried out along the overhead track. The tight fit of the doors is carried out due to the own weight of the doors, which are lowered by the mechanism onto special guides.

The silicone rubber profile provides high-quality insulation of the chamber space from the external environment (silicone rubber is an excellent insulating material in terms of its performance properties, it can withstand frost without hardening to t = -50 ºС; silicone has excellent reversible properties, withstands high humidity, pressure, steam, action various chemicals and oils; resistant to solar radiation, ozone and has electrical insulating properties). Maximum operating temperature t = + 150 ºС.

Supply and exhaust ventilation system.

The supply and exhaust ventilation system includes insulated boxes, aluminum dampers (dampers), in the amount of 4 pieces and 2 actuators (Switzerland).

A set of aprons.

Purpose - rational distribution of the flow of the drying agent.

Three-way valve for heating system.

Three-way valve for air heater (Siemens) cast iron, stainless steel valve stem. The valve is equipped with an electric actuator (Siemens) with electronic control. The maximum permissible operating temperature is t = 130 ° C. The nominal diameter of the three-way valve is DN 80.

False ceiling, deflector, fan wall.

False ceiling, deflector and fan wall are made of corrosion-resistant aluminum grades... The main purpose of the metal structures of the internal equipment is to create a channel for the movement of a drying agent and a hinge of fans and air heaters.

To facilitate access to the equipment during routine maintenance and inspections, the false ceiling panels are made easily removable.

Hardware.

All fixtures in the chamber (bolts, nuts, screws, etc.) are made stainless steel, rivets - aluminum.

Humidification system.

The humidification system includes copper pipes, fittings, nozzles, a solenoid valve Du12. An autonomous water supply system and a fine water filter are optionally supplied.

Set of cables.

The set of cables ensures the location of the control cabinet in the room at a distance of up to 5 meters from the drying chamber.

We produce six standard sizes of convective drying chambers with front loading of sawn timber - for 30 m³, 40 m³, 50 m³, 60 m³, 80 m³ and 100 m³ for a single load

The chambers are built according to the classical scheme with vertical-transverse circulation of the drying agent along the stack. The drying chamber is divided in height by a false ceiling into two parts. The stack is formed at the bottom of the chamber, and all major equipment is positioned above the false ceiling. To fix the equipment under the ceiling of the drying chamber, a metal structure is assembled, the main elements of which are trusses, interconnected by ties and braces. The trusses are equipped with axial reversible fans and heat exchangers, as well as a false ceiling. False ceiling serves to organize the movement of air flows inside the chamber. To carry out air exchange with the external environment, supply and exhaust ventilation pipes are built into the roof or into the walls above the false ceiling. The branch pipes are equipped with air valves.

The basis of the design of the front-loading drying chamber is a frame installed on a previously prepared base. The frame is made of aluminum profiles. Elements of internal and external cladding are attached to the frame. Mineral wool insulation is laid between the skins. Insulation - slab. To prevent possible subsidence of the insulation, a crate is equipped on vertical wall fences. The vapor barrier layer allows you to avoid condensation on the outer casing of the chamber and the absorption of this moisture by the insulation, while maintaining its high heat-insulating properties.

In front-loading drying chambers, the loading gates have a considerable length, that is, the length exceeds the length of the stack, therefore, most often they are made lifting and sliding gates. The gates are equipped with roller clamps, a profile silicone seal for sealing the junction with the chamber doorway and hooks for opening the gates. For opening, a special gate release mechanism... On the doorway of the drying chamber, special grips are fixed, which include the roller clamps of the gate. The gate, sagging under its own weight, is tightly and reliably fixed with grips to the doorway. Up-and-down gate mechanism suspended on a monorail mounted above the doorway. The design of the door release mechanism allows you to lift and move a door weighing up to 1200 kg.

The fans used in these drying chambers are reversible, axial, with a cast aluminum impeller. Imported tropicalized electric motors, insulation class "H", are used as fan drives, that is, they can be used in rooms with an ambient temperature of up to 100 ° C.

As heat exchange equipment in convective drying chambers are used water heat exchangers, the heat transfer elements of which are made of bimetallic finned tubes. The fins are aluminum, rolling, which ensures good contact between it and the supporting pipe, which in turn increases the heat transfer coefficient between the coolant and the environment. The connection of the heat exchangers with the supply and return collectors is flanged. The supply manifold is equipped with an air removal system, and the return manifold is equipped with a coolant drain system.

To control the process of drying sawn timber, drying chambers are equipped with automation systems. In the basic configuration drying chambers are equipped with self-produced automatic equipment PSU-TPS (d) based on a domestic controller. At the request of the CUSTOMER, it is possible to complete the cameras with automation based on the controller DELPHI.