Uterine fibroids 30 mm whether surgery is needed. Large uterine fibroids - is it necessary to remove it? Sizes of uterine fibroids by week and in centimeters: when is the operation indicated

Date: 21.10.2019

Myoma of the uterus is a neoplasm of a benign nature, which is localized in the muscle layer of the organ and consists of muscle fibers. This tumor occurs quite often, every 4th woman is diagnosed with it.

Myoma of the cervix is a myomatous node on the cervix, and as it grows, it goes to the vagina. Such a neoplasm is rare.

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Fibromyoma is a benign tumor that develops from smooth muscle tissue and has a pronounced connective component.

All these neoplasms have recently manifested themselves in young women, now they are increasingly diagnosed in patients from 20 to 40 years old. Of all gynecological diseases, the diagnosis of fibroids is 30%.

Fibroids and other types of nodes are hormone-dependent, since the main reason for their appearance and active growth is hormonal imbalance. Also, any gynecological intervention is considered an important aspect of the appearance of tumors at a young age.

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For example, this is abortion, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, biopsy, coagulation of the cervix. And also sexually transmitted infections are of great importance in the development of such neoplasms.

Many young people begin to have sexual intercourse early enough and without barrier protection. This often becomes a prerequisite for the development of fibroids.

How big can these formations be?

The size of fibroids is one of the main parameters due to which effective treatment is prescribed. They can be calculated in millimeters (mm), centimeters (cm), as well as weeks of pregnancy.

The size of the fibroid is its diameter (cm, mm). But also one of the criteria is the size of the uterus, which is calculated in weeks of pregnancy. That is, the size of the organ at the same time corresponds to its size at different stages of pregnancy.

According to these criteria, the doctor can determine the approximate size of the formation already during a gynecological examination. This is due to the fact that with the growth of the node, the uterus also increases in size. Despite the fact that there are many modern diagnostic methods, doctors still use this method today.

We can say that the tumor enlarges the uterine cavity, just like the embryo growing in it. The gestation period fully corresponds to the size of the organ in centimeters, that is, the height of its bottom.

What size does the uterus reach? At 8-9 weeks, the uterus reaches 8-9 cm, 10-13 weeks - 10-11 cm, 14-15 - 12-13 cm, 16-17 - 14-19 cm, etc.

The diameter can only be determined using ultrasound, although this method also does not give exact numbers.

More accurate results are determined by MRI and CT.

Such modern methods can diagnose myomatous nodes, the diameter of which is only 5 mm.

Depending on the size, such types of fibroids are divided:

small;
medium;
big.

Small tumor

Minor fibroids is a tumor that can be treated conservatively. At the same time, the uterus can correspond to the size of up to 6 weeks of pregnancy, but not more. Small fibroids have such sizes - from 15 mm to 25 mm.

The operation is performed only if the fibroids are of the submucous type, if there is twisting of the legs in the subserous myoma, or if there is a high probability of this.

Also, small nodes can be removed in the case when the patient was diagnosed with infertility or anemia has developed due to heavy bleeding.

Small formations of the interstitial type do not appear in any way.

Such a myoma or fibroid is often significantly reduced or completely disappears with the onset of menopause.

But there may be situations when the operation during this period is necessary.

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Middle myoma and fibroids

The middle myomatous node is diagnosed if the uterus is enlarged up to 10-12 weeks of pregnancy. The diameter of such fibroids can reach from 40 mm to 60 mm.

In this case, the conservative method is indicated only if there are no symptoms of the disease, as well as if there are no signs of active growth. In other cases, an operation is performed.

With formations of medium size, which are localized on the outside of the wall of the uterus, the functioning of nearby organs may already be disrupted. Such nodes can provoke infertility, and also spontaneous abortions often occur. This happens especially often if there are lesions of the cervix.

Large nodes

If there is a large node, then the uterus already reaches a size comparable to 12-15 weeks of pregnancy, while the diameter of a fibroid or fibroid can be 60 mm or more. At this stage of development, the myomatous node is removed during surgery. In this case, the location and type of tumor are unimportant.

Treatment of a large node may consist in the use of complex drug treatment, and then an operation is prescribed. Medicines are needed in order to stop the rapid growth of the tumor.

When performing an operation to remove a large node, there is a risk of bleeding, and as a result, the doctor will be forced to remove the entire organ.

Since the removal operation is quite a stress for the reproductive organs, after it is carried out, drugs are necessarily prescribed to normalize the condition and structure of the uterus, as well as in order to prevent relapse.

To do this, you need to normalize the hormonal background.

How fast can a tumor grow?

In diagnosis and treatment, it is very important how fast the node grows. Rapid growth is noted if the uterus has increased by 5 weeks of pregnancy or more in a year. Such a rapid increase in the tumor entails hyperplastic processes in the endometrium and anemia.

Uterine fibroids can grow very large. Sometimes it reaches 3-5 kg, and the diameter can be up to 40 cm. That is, it can grow to the size of a full-term pregnancy.

The reason for the rapid growth of myomatous nodes is hormonal disruption in the body. But it should also be noted that fibroids and fibroids are growing rapidly if there are such factors:

If a woman does not undergo proper treatment, the node may begin to die off, which is very dangerous, since all the symptoms of an "acute abdomen" appear, and the woman needs to be hospitalized and operated on immediately.

Does this affect carrying a child?

Pregnancy with small and medium fibroids is usually normal. But when the fibroids are large, from 60 mm, then the woman cannot bear the fetus. And also often, even the fertilization process does not occur, since the node blocks the fallopian tube.

If a pregnant woman was diagnosed with a large node, then during childbirth such serious consequences as bleeding, abnormalities in labor and the danger of infectious and inflammatory processes can occur.

Particularly dangerous are myomatous nodes of the cervix, which grow in the vagina. Such formations can cause infertility of a woman, and in most cases miscarriages occur. If pregnancy occurs with cervical myoma, then the patient is under the supervision of doctors in the hospital most of the time to prevent miscarriage.

Pregnancy with cervical myoma can be accompanied by complications such as intrauterine fetal death and uterine bleeding.

If the formation on the cervix is rapidly increasing and poses a threat to the life of a pregnant woman, then the pregnancy is terminated.

According to statistics, during pregnancy in 50% of women, the myomatous node does not grow, in 10-20% it decreases, and in 20-30% the tumor begins to actively grow.

Indications for surgery

Doctors prescribe the patient to perform an operation in such cases:

Surgery is also quite common for women who have gone through menopause. In the event that the patient has pain, sometimes at this age a woman is recommended to remove the entire organ.

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Myoma is a benign neoplasm that grows in the muscle layer of the uterus. The main age of the patients, susceptible to this disease, is 20–60 years. The main cause of cervical fibroids is hormonal imbalance. When diagnosing fibroids, its size is determined. Depending on how many neoplasms were found, their type and size, treatment is prescribed in weeks.

When prescribing treatment, the doctor builds on the size of the fibroid

To accurately determine the size of fibroids, an ultrasound scan is necessary. It is generally accepted that in case of large neoplasms that exceed 60 mm or 6 cm (12-16 obstetric weeks), an operation should be performed. Benign neoplasms are life-threatening for women when there are many of them. Fibroids 20–60 mm or 2–6 cm (10–11 weeks) are treated with medication, diet and physiotherapy. That is, conservative treatment is carried out.

Classification

The dimensions of a benign neoplasm are determined in centimeters, weeks or mm on ultrasound. With the growth of fibroids, an increase in the uterine cavity occurs. This process is similar to the growth of a fetus. Therefore, the size of the cervical fibroids is compared with the weeks of pregnancy.

Myoma is divided into 3 types:

Small swelling of the cervix. It does not exceed 2 cm (20 mm) - 4 obstetric weeks.
The average neoplasm is 10-11 weeks, ranging from 2-6 cm or 20-60 mm.
Large myoma of the cervix. The size exceeds 6 cm (60 mm), which equates to 12-16 obstetric weeks of pregnancy.

Large fibroids can reach the size of 4 months of pregnancy

Size and symptoms

Early neoplasms (20 mm or 2 cm) do not bother a woman. But as soon as the tumor begins to grow and reaches 10-12 weeks (50 mm or 5 cm and more), the corresponding symptoms appear.

Menstrual bleeding with pain. Pain relievers do not help relieve pain.
If the fibroid has reached 12 weeks (6 cm or 60 mm), then the cervix enlarges and bloating occurs.
When diagnosed - pedicle fibroids with torsion, sharp pain in the abdomen begins. This means that blood flow is disturbed in the body of the neoplasm, and peritonitis results. It is necessary to do an ultrasound.
Large fibroids (10–20 weeks) compress nearby organs, which leads to improper bowel movements and urination. There is pain in the lower back and heart muscle. The legs begin to go numb when the nerve endings near the rectum are squeezed.
Large fibroids (more than 12 weeks), grow on the outer part, form adhesions with nearby organs and tissue layers.

Fibroid symptoms vary depending on its location and size.

Size diagnostics

The woman is examined bimanually to determine the size of the benign neoplasm. Further, appropriate tests are taken and an ultrasound scan is performed. Ultrasound with accuracy allows you to diagnose the size of the neoplasm.

To correctly prescribe the treatment, you should constantly do an ultrasound of the uterus. It will help determine how many benign lesions, size and growth rate.

The faster the neoplasm increases in size, the greater the likelihood of its transition to oncology. In such situations, an ultrasound scan is performed to determine how many neoplasms are present and to exclude cancer.

Regular ultrasound is a must. Since myoma is small (up to 12 weeks), it can be localized in dangerous parts. MRI is also used to obtain detailed information about the type, structure and size of a benign neoplasm.

Ultrasound is a common way to diagnose fibroids

Pregnancy

The tumor is small (less than 1 cm), does not particularly affect the growth of the fetus in the womb. But there should be mandatory medical supervision over the condition.

Large nodes (12 weeks and more), which are in the submucosa of the uterus, interfere with the normal development of the fetus, forming a variety of pathologies.

A neoplasm greater than 12 weeks and located against the posterior wall increases the likelihood of preterm labor. In some situations, oxygen deprivation of the child occurs. Doctors are confident that with a small neoplasm, it will not be a problem to maintain a pregnancy and give birth to a baby.

Treatment

It is carried out using a variety of techniques. It all depends on the size in obstetric weeks and the type:

Hormone therapy

Prescribed if the size of the tumor has reached 12 weeks. Drug treatment is aimed at stopping growth and reducing the size. Such treatment is carried out for women who are going to become mothers after surgery in order to exclude the appearance of new tumors.

Medications reduce the size and prevent the recurrence of fibroids

Symptomatic treatment

antispasmodics and pain relievers (tumors up to 3 weeks cause severe pain during menstruation);
Hemostatic drugs are used for small neoplasms, if prolonged and heavy menstruation and at the time of ovulation, spotting occurs.

Surgery (fibroids over 13 weeks)

laser tumor resection;
myomectomy;
vascular embolization;
complete resection of the uterus.

Unconventional treatment

hirudotherapy;
folk remedies;
physiotherapy procedures;
gymnastic exercises.

Leech treatment is effective for fibroids

Indicators for surgery

The benign neoplasm is more than 12 weeks old.
The woman is planning a pregnancy.
If there is a risk of malignant tumor formation.
Benign education is very painful. The use of pain relievers does not work.
Myoma presses on the rectum, urinary system and nerve endings.
There are regular heavy bleeding, due to which anemia develops.
If the tumor is located on a long thin leg, then there is a torsion factor and the onset of peritonitis.
If normal urination does not occur, then there is urinary stagnation.
If a large myomatous node presses on the rectum, then a woman has rare stools, which leads to intoxication of the whole body. With intoxication, bloating occurs and severe pain is felt when pressed with fingers.

If, when contacting a doctor, a benign formation of the cervix was diagnosed, then:

On examination, it is determined how many neoplasms and their size.
An ultrasound scan must be done on a specific day, because cervical neoplasms change under the influence of estrogen levels.
A qualified doctor will never assert that education is of the average size and talk about the rules for determining them.
The gynecologist determines the stage of the disease using the ratio of size to gestational age and ultrasound results.
Sizes are determined in weeks, cm, mm.
Full diagnosis and medical supervision will help determine the development of cervical fibroids.

Myoma is a benign tumor that is localized in the myometrium of the uterus (muscle layer). In medicine, pathological education is also called leiomyoma and fibroids. The age of patients who are faced with such a diagnosis varies between 20-70 years. Most often, tumors are found in the reproductive age. To prescribe treatment, the doctor needs to determine the size of the growths, their number, location, type, etc. Let's figure out at what size the uterine fibroids are operated and when conservative treatment is prescribed.

Briefly about the disease

A benign neoplasm has the shape of a ball of various sizes.

The severity of the disease is asymptomatic. The first discomfort appears at the moment when the tumor has reached a medium or large size and progresses further. The pathological process is caused by hormonal disorders. According to statistics, multiple fibroids are most often diagnosed.

To determine the formations, examination and ultrasound examination are carried out. Knots are measured in mm, cm and weeks. The process itself is very similar to the development of a baby in the womb. With the growth of the neoplasm, the uterus enlarges, bleeding, pain and other discomfort may occur. If there is an excess of estrogen in a woman's body, the pathology will progress.

According to medical records, large nodules (12-16 weeks) that reach 6 centimeters or 60 millimeters require surgical treatment. Medium tumors (10-11 weeks) are not always removed. Small lesions (4 weeks) 2 cm or 20 mm are treated with drugs, physiotherapy, etc. The main danger of the process is the possibility of degeneration into cancer.

The size of fibroids and their symptoms

Every woman should understand at what size of nodes an operation is needed, and when drug treatment. Doctors compare the development of a tumor with an embryo, so the size of the uterus is determined in weeks, as in pregnancy, as well as in millimeters and centimeters. In terms of size, the nodes are divided into 3 categories, in accordance with the size, various symptoms appear:

Small- such tumors are no more than two cm in size. Formations are detected by chance, normally they do not cause pain or other signs of a pathological process. Fibroids for 7 weeks cannot be removed, hormone therapy and observation are prescribed.
Average- from 20-40 mm to 60 mm, but not more than 7 cm. The patient has profuse menstruation with pain syndrome, which cannot be drowned out by painkillers. If the fibroid is more than 11 weeks old, the woman has a bloated lower abdomen due to an enlarged cervix.
Large- over 60-70 mm. This is a serious condition that requires surgery, and medications are ineffective here. The nodes squeeze the organs that are nearby, which disrupts the process of defecation and urination. The patient complains of pain in the heart muscle and lumbar spine. Numbness of the legs is observed, since the formation presses down the nerve endings near the rectum.

Torsion pedicle leiomyoma causes severe abdominal pain. Such symptoms indicate a violation of the blood flow of the tumor, which is fraught with peritonitis.

The sizes are determined using ultrasound, only after that the doctor prescribes treatment.

Below is a table of tumor sizes, in which you can see the correspondence of sizes in centimeters to weeks of pregnancy.

Size in weeks	In centimeters
8-9	8-9
10-11	10-11
12-13	10-11
14-15	12-13
16-17	14-19
18-19	16-21
20-21	18-24
22-23	21-25
24-25	23-27
26-27	25-28
28-29	26-31
30-31	29-32
32-33	31-33
34-35	32-33
36-37	32-37
38-39	35-38
40-41	34-35

For any unpleasant symptoms, a woman should definitely see a doctor; some tumors cause severe bleeding.

Indications for removal

To find out whether an operation is needed or not, a thorough examination of the patient is carried out. Doctors identify several main indications for surgical interventions:

Severe bleeding - most often, excessive bleeding causes nodes for 15 weeks or more, if not stopped, anemia appears;
The size of fibroids is 12 weeks (in centimeters it is more than 6). When multiple nodes of medium size are found, the woman must be operated on. Such tumors threaten the patient's life. If the fibroids are less than 5 cm, but there are still medium and large ones nearby, concomitant drug therapy is indicated;
Planning a pregnancy - medium fibroids can cause infertility or miscarriage. After fertilization, the level of hormones changes, which is fraught with the stimulation of the growth of nodes. They can grow slowly or too quickly, which will cause the baby to suffer;
The risk of oncology - if the tumor grows rapidly, it becomes embittered;
Regular pain syndrome - pain occurs with medium and large nodular growths. They squeeze neighboring organs, stool and urination are disturbed, which can cause inflammation of the intestines or intoxication of the body.

Neoplasms less than 4 cm are usually not removed.

Surgery is indicated for the diagnosis of fibroids from 9 weeks during menopause. The climax stops the development of nodes, since the production of estrogen is inhibited, but the patient needs to be monitored. Alternatively, a radical method of therapy is used - removal of the uterus.

Abdominal operations

The golden rule of successful treatment of pathology is that a formation that has reached the size for an operation must be removed.

If you start the process, the node grows to the parameters of a child and can weigh up to 7-8 kg. Today there are many methods, both traumatic and gentle. In cases where the condition is complicated by tissue necrosis or torsion of the leg, it is decided to operate in the traditional way, an abdominal operation is chosen. For this, incisions are made in the peritoneum, through which the tumor will be removed. There are 4 types of such interventions, we will consider them.

Laparotomy

It is used in cases when the fibroid has reached the size of 14 weeks and is pressing on adjacent organs. The operation is performed through small incisions in the abdominal wall, which are then sutured. This method of removal provides for long-term rehabilitation, more than one month. During the recovery period, one should not overwork too much, lift weights, etc. You can leave the hospital after a week, when the stitches are removed.

Hysterectomy

This technique is used if the node has reached gigantic proportions, grows rapidly and is prone to degeneration into cancer. Also, the intervention is prescribed during menopause and in the presence of multiple tumors. Hysterectomy is a complete removal of the uterus, so they resort to it in extreme cases. The recovery period is 2 months, pain relievers are taken for the first few days. An antibiotic is then prescribed. During the rehabilitation period, the risk of bleeding increases.

If a woman noticed bloody discharge, you need to call an ambulance.

Hysteroresectoscopy

The operation is carried out using a special device. A hysteroscope is inserted into the vagina and inserted into the uterus. The method is used for single formations of 15 mm and more, if they are localized on the anterior or posterior wall. The intervention is prescribed in the first week of the cycle.

This method has received many good reviews, it can be performed even on an outpatient basis.

Myomectomy

Removal takes place through punctures in the peritoneum with a laparoscope, so there are no visible scars. Of the advantages of laparoscopy, a short recovery time can be noted, about 7 days. The method is used to remove several formations 9-11 mm, but not more than 15. In this case, the uterine cavity should not exceed 8 weeks. The organ practically does not suffer, the risk of adhesions is minimal.

After the operation, the patient retains fertility.

Other treatments

If the fibroid is not more than 12-13 weeks, hormone therapy is used. Such drugs inhibit the production of estrogen and the rate of progression of the nodes, as well as reduce their size.

EMA and laser removal are also prescribed. Gentle methods have several advantages:

There are no large scars, usually they do not exceed 2 centimeters in diameter.
The ability to bear children is preserved.
Short rehabilitation - up to 14 days.
Minimal risk of bleeding and complications.

Expensive operations are not affordable for everyone, so you can apply for a state quota. This will take time, and you will have to prove that other methods will not work.

Conservative treatment

The therapy is relevant for young women who are planning a pregnancy in the future. Hormones are often used, sometimes after surgery, to prevent relapse. Oral contraceptives are effective for infertility caused by fibroids. Doctors use Femoden, Novinet, etc. The drugs contain gestagens that stop the growth of tumors.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists work well for sizes between 10 mm and 30 mm. Appointed Zoladex, Lyukrin-depot and others. The course of therapy does not exceed 6 months, since long-term use of such drugs causes menopause.

GnRH-ages reduce tumor formation by 2 times, pregnancy can be planned immediately after the end of treatment. Some patients during therapy note increased sweating, mood swings and hot flashes.

If the fibroid does not reach 7 mm, it is monitored. Removal or other treatment is not appropriate as long as there is no progression of the disease. However, during menopause, small nodes are sometimes removed, for example, about 9 mm.

Embolization

If conservative therapy has not yielded the desired results, UAE is prescribed. The dimensions of the knots should not exceed 3 centimeters. The technique copes with pathology at any stage. In the process, the arteries are blocked with a special substance, which causes the tumor to die, being without proper nutrition.

The woman retains reproductive functions, since the uterus does not suffer. The procedure takes up to 50 minutes, no anesthesia is required. After the operation, the patient remains under observation until the morning, then goes home. After a while, mild painful sensations are possible, which are eliminated by an anesthetic.

Recovery takes place after seven days, improvements are noticeable already in the next menstrual cycle. Discomfort and abundant discharge are eliminated. In the first week after UAE, weakness, fever, and chills are possible. Soon, the unpleasant symptoms will disappear.

Laser removal

Laser beams are used for neoplasms up to 4 centimeters. The beam hits the affected area in a metered manner, maintaining the optimal depth. At the same time, adjacent tissues and cells are not affected. The therapy has a number of advantages, including:

The speed of carrying out;
Lack of pain, scarring, scars and anesthesia;
Reproductive function is preserved;
During the intervention, bleeding stops;
The possibility of outpatient treatment.

The postoperative period does not exceed 2 days. As a result of such treatment, menstruation is normalized, well-being improves, and fertility returns. The disadvantages include a high risk of recurrence and the impossibility of performing an intervention in case of large-scale tumor growth.

Myoma of the uterus is one of the most common gynecological pathologies, and such a diagnosis will not surprise anyone. According to statistics, the disease is detected in 35% of women over the age of 35. In modern gynecology, practicing doctors often have to deal with formations of small and medium sizes.

Large fibroids are less common due to the developed diagnostic system and the timely passage of women undergo regular medical examinations. It is noticed that huge nodes are detected mainly after 40 years in patients who have refused treatment for a long time.

The largest myoma in the world, according to the medical literature, weighed 63 kilograms, and so far this sad record has not been broken. This fact makes it clear: a tumor of the uterus can grow almost indefinitely, reaching gigantic proportions. There is no need to wait until the weight of the fibroid is equal to that of an adult. Timely therapy allows you to avoid such a development of events and prevent the rapid growth of the myomatous node.

Which fibroid is considered large

On numerous forums on the Internet, you can find entries in the style of "I have been living with a large myoma for many years, I don't know what to do." At the sight of such messages, women involuntarily ask the question: which myoma should be considered large and are there clear criteria for this condition (for example)? Gynecologists adhere to the generally accepted classification, according to which a node with a size of 6 cm (60 mm) is considered a large myoma.

A large tumor is considered to be more than 6 centimeters in size (the photo shows a fibroid removed with the uterus more than 15 cm in diameter).

At the same time, the size of the uterus corresponds to a 12-week pregnancy. But there are some important points to note here:

In the medical literature, you can find a mention that a large fibroid is a node with a diameter of 5-6 cm. In this situation, it is not entirely clear to which category a tumor of 5 or 5.5 cm should be classified - to medium or large nodes? If you analyze the patient histories, you can see that fibroids of such borderline sizes are classified as both large and medium tumors. Practicing doctors in this situation advise looking not only at the size of the formation, but also at the size of the uterus, and if it exceeds 12 weeks, classify the tumor as large;

A photo of a large fibroid can be seen below:

The size of the dominant node is of leading importance - they are guided by it when drawing up a treatment protocol;
Giant fibroids deserve special attention among large formations. Which tumor is considered as such is a controversial question. It is customary to refer to giant nodes as 10-12 cm in diameter. Such formations do not respond well to conservative therapy, and special skill of the surgeon is required to remove them within healthy tissues. Often, with giant tumors of the uterus, the only method for solving the problem becomes.

A photo of a giant fibroid is presented below:

On a note

Uterine leiomyoma according to ICD-10 has a D25 code regardless of the size of the node.

It is important to understand that in theory, a benign tumor can reach any size if its growth is not limited by anything.

Distinctive features of large myomatous nodes

It's important to know

If a woman is planning a pregnancy, treatment of a large fibroid should not be postponed.

A successful conception of a child does not mean that the pregnancy will pass without complications. With large fibroids, placental insufficiency and concomitant fetal growth retardation are often recorded. Pregnancy against the background of a large tumor can end ahead of time, and rarely any of the women manage to bring the baby to at least 36-37 weeks.

Childbirth with myomatous nodes measuring from 6 cm is quite often complicated by abnormalities of labor and bleeding. According to the reviews of women who gave birth with a large myoma, it becomes clear: the percentage of cesarean section in this case is very high.

With a large fibroid, a woman practically cannot give birth on her own. In this case, as a rule, a caesarean section is used.

Fitness and sports. Intense loads that increase blood flow to the pelvic organs are not recommended. Training of the press and pelvic muscles is prohibited;

Yoga. You can do it, but at the same time, asanas that affect the abdominal muscles are excluded;

Visiting the sauna and bath. Although the effect of heat on the growth of the myomatous node has not been proven, gynecologists do not recommend getting involved in such procedures;

Taking medications. Do not take drugs that can affect the growth of fibroids.

There are no special prohibitions regarding intimate hygiene. A woman can use pads, absorbent pads, and tampons (such as Tampax). The latter option is not very convenient, since it does not always allow us to fully assess the volume of discharge during bleeding. There is no prohibition on sexual activity, provided the woman feels well.

The prognosis for large myomatous nodes depends on the timeliness of the diagnosis. The sooner a tumor is detected and treatment is started, the easier it will be to stop its growth and prevent the development of complications.

Treatment methods for large fibroids

Case study: removal of a giant uterine fibroid

Middle-aged women often face a condition such as uterine fibroids. It is a benign tumor that occurs due to an excess of the female hormone estrogen. With timely diagnosis and complex therapy, the myomatous node can be cured without surgery. If the size of the fibroid can be characterized as large, the tumor presses on the surrounding organs and tissues. This means that conservative treatment methods will be ineffective, and the woman will have to be operated on.

The danger of fibroids is that the tumor can develop asymptomatically for a long time. And only when bleeding opens, pains begin, or discomfort is felt, a woman decides to seek medical help.

A neoplasm is diagnosed using a special mirror on a gynecological chair or with ultrasound diagnostics. Lack of treatment and medical supervision can lead to the degeneration of the node into a malignant formation and an increase in the number of tumors.

The size of fibroids and their symptoms

It is extremely important for women to understand at what size the uterine fibroids are operated on, and in which cases it is possible to limit themselves to hormone therapy and folk remedies.

When a node grows, this leads to the fact that the volume of the organ also increases, as during the development of an embryo. That is why the size of the uterus with fibroids is determined, as during pregnancy, in weeks and centimeters (millimeters). For example, a fibroid of 6-7 weeks is 2.5 cm.

In terms of size, the tumor can be divided into three categories or groups. There are uterine fibroids:

Small. The size of the uterus corresponds to 6-8 weeks of pregnancy, and does not exceed 2 cm in diameter. Such a node is usually diagnosed by accident, since it is not capable of causing pain or other signs of the disease. Myoma of the uterus for 7 weeks does not require prompt elimination, it will be more effective to simply treat it. The doctor will prescribe a course of hormone therapy, and with the help of a photo from an ultrasound scan, he will draw up a table (development graph), and will also observe the size and nature of the tumor.
Average. This category includes fibroids 9-10 weeks, as well as 12 weeks. Such a node has pronounced symptoms and signs, a woman suffers from heavy menstruation and pain. Often women ask themselves a question, fibroids 12 weeks - how many centimeters? The size of fibroids 12 weeks corresponds to 7 cm.

Great. Fibroids 14-16 weeks old are characterized as large. It should be understood how dangerous a large tumor is. In this case, drug treatment is powerless, an operation is required. Myoma 20 weeks - a giant tumor that requires urgent removal.

Small or medium-sized uterine fibroids of 7-8 weeks rarely cause serious complications after effective hormonal therapy. Neoplasms of 10-13 weeks, even with proper treatment, will call into question the patient's fertility. There are cases when the operation is required for patients with small nodes.

Even if the tumor is measured not in centimeters, but in mm, urgent surgery may be required. The doctor makes such a decision if the nodes of 8-15 mm have legs. Tumors with this structure tend to twist and cause severe pain. A 3 cm uterine fibroid should be excised if the neoplasm is located in a dangerous or hard-to-reach place. If such a serous node reaches a size of 5-6 cm, it will be extremely difficult to remove it without damaging the organ.

Small uterine fibroids
Large uterine fibroids

Indications for surgery

A woman, having heard that she has been diagnosed with uterine fibroids for 8 weeks, always tries to figure out all the options and methods of treatment. Unfortunately, sometimes it is impossible to do without surgery.

Doctors have identified several indications when the neoplasm is unambiguously removed:

Uterine fibroids 12 weeks (60 mm in diameter). Such a knot endangers the health and life of the patient. Sometimes not one tumor is found, but several medium-sized nodes. When diagnosing multiple uterine fibroids 6 cm, excision of the neoplasm is mandatory and urgent.
Pregnancy planning. Fibroids 9 weeks often cause infertility or early pregnancy failure. If you want to conceive, you must first remove the node, even if it is only 4 cm. Changes in hormonal levels during gestation can stimulate the growth of neoplasms. If uterine fibroids were detected 5 weeks after conception, the doctor, if indicated, will recommend terminating or maintaining the pregnancy.

The risk of rebirth. If the fibroids 7 weeks in a few months increased to 11 weeks, this may indicate the presence of atypical cells. To prevent the node from developing into cancer, it must be removed without fail.
Pain syndrome and dysfunction of the pelvic organs. Subserous uterine myoma of medium or large size can put pressure on the bladder or intestines, which causes constipation, urinary incontinence, etc. Constant pain and other negative manifestations of the tumor, such as profuse bleeding, is a direct indication for surgery.

Special attention should be paid to uterine fibroids 9 weeks, as well as neoplasms of a different size, if a tumor develops in a woman during menopause.

During menopause, less estrogen is released, so doctors often decide that there is no need for surgery, preferring a wait-and-see approach.

What if observation indicates tumor growth?

If the patient is not of childbearing age, the uterus is removed together with the node.

Abdominal surgery

Subserous uterine myoma 9-10 weeks in most cases requires surgical removal, less often excision is required for smaller nodes. The traditional way of performing the operation is to remove the tumor through an incision in the abdominal wall. It is necessary to carefully prepare for the procedure, and after its completion, the patient must be in the hospital for several days under the supervision of medical personnel.

With uterine nodes, abdominal surgery can be performed in one of four classical ways, namely:

Myomectomy or laparoscopy. Small incisions are made in the abdominal wall. An optical device, a laparoscope, is introduced into them. The indications for surgery with this method are the small size of the nodes and an increase in the volume of the uterus for no more than eight weeks. Rehabilitation after the procedure is quick and rarely accompanied by complications. The woman retains fertility.
Laparotomy. It is used if the uterus is 12-15 weeks old and presses on nearby organs. After removal of the tumor, sutures are applied to the abdominal wall. It is recommended to stay in the hospital after the operation for 5-7 days. The total rehabilitation period is about two months.

Hysteroresectoscopy. The hysteroscope tube is inserted into the uterus through the vagina. With the help of special equipment, nodes about 3 cm in size can be removed as gently as possible. This method has the most positive reviews among women who have undergone the procedure.
Hysterectomy. This is the most radical method, which involves removing the nodes along with the uterus. It is used extremely rarely if the tumor is gigantic, grows intensively, or is prone to degeneration.

In the postoperative period, the patient is prescribed antibiotics and fortifying drugs. A course of hormones may be prescribed to stabilize the endocrine system.

A woman who has had a 12-week tumor removed should take care of herself, be attentive to her well-being, and immediately seek medical help if alarming symptoms appear.

The size of uterine fibroids for surgery is not always of paramount importance. Each case is individual and requires a thoughtful approach.

Alternative ways to remove fibroids

Fibroids are not always operated on. Medicine has made great strides forward, which means that today women who have consulted a doctor in a timely manner have access to loyal methods. Excision of the node with a laser will be an effective solution.

This is the least traumatic method with many benefits, such as:

lack of scars;
short rehabilitation period;
preservation of reproductive function.

The laser has been successfully applied to a six to seven week old neoplasm. The procedure is carried out in modern clinics and medical centers. The price of the service varies considerably.

If there is no money for laser removal of fibroids, you can apply for a state quota.

The second loyal way to get rid of the tumor of the fifth week is UAE. Embolization of the uterine arteries is highly effective and does not relapse after the procedure. A catheter is inserted into the woman's femoral artery, through which a special solution is injected into the arteries feeding the tumor. It has a clogging effect, the node ceases to receive nutrients and gradually dies off.

It is allowed to use UAE with a fibroid size of 9 weeks. The larger the tumor has reached, the more unexpected consequences may arise after having done the UAE. There have been cases when, after embolization of the arteries, a woman experienced the absence of menstruation - amenorrhea.

pomiome.ru

Uterine fibroid size in weeks

Myoma of the uterus is a benign tumor that appears in the genital organ. Affected age - women 20-70 years. This disease occurs due to hormonal disruption. At the initial stage, the disease has no symptoms, only when pain and bleeding occur, a woman decides to be examined. The size of uterine fibroids in weeks is diagnosed using ultrasound. Treatment depends on its size.

The size of a benign tumor is determined by weeks and centimeters. This completely coincides with the obstetric period (fetal growth during pregnancy). Therefore, the size of fibroids is considered to be weekly.

Divide the tumor into three types:

Small swelling (about 2 cm) for 4-6 weeks no more. The reasons for the operation are only in the case of twisting of the myoma stem. It can be removed due to profuse bleeding, which leads to anemia. Also if a woman has been diagnosed with infertility;
The average (from 4 to 6 cm) period is 10-11 weeks. If the nodes do not grow actively and there are no pronounced symptoms, then the operation can be skipped. Lumps that are located on the outside of the uterus can interfere with the organs closest to them. With an average fibroid, infertility or miscarriage may occur;
A fibroid exceeding 6 cm in diameter is considered large, its term is equal to 12-16 obstetric weeks of pregnancy. Such a myoma is removed only by an operable way and drug treatment, to eliminate neoplasms.

Size of uterine fibroids in weeks and centimeters

Myoma of the uterus

The early stage of fibroids is 4 weeks. She has no symptoms and does not disturb the woman. The main thing is to determine this disease before 7 weeks. It will bring much less problems than late detection.

With an increase of up to 5 cm and a period of about 10 weeks of obstetric pregnancy, the first symptoms begin to appear.

Menses with pain for which pain medication does not help.
Upon reaching 12 weeks, the cervix enlarges, which causes bloating.
If there is a diagnosis of fibroids on the leg, then the appearance of a sharp pain in the abdomen.
With a large fibroid, its enlargement leads to squeezing of adjacent organs, which interferes with normal urination and defecation. Pain begins in the lower back and near the rectum.

Fibroids, which are more than 12 weeks in size, entail the formation of adhesions in the tissues of the body and nearby organs.

When a patient contacts with complaints, an ultrasound examination is performed, and appropriate tests are taken. Ultrasound is the most accurate detection of this disease, as well as the timing of its occurrence. Thanks to the examination, it is possible to accurately identify a benign tumor or not. The possibility of transition of a tumor from a benign to a malignant one depends on the time of its detection. As a rule, every woman needs an ultrasound scan on a regular basis.

After examination and further diagnosis, the doctor makes a decision about the operability of this tumor. For this, the following indicators are available:

Uterine fibroids are 6 cm in size and last more than 12 weeks. This size of the tumor is life-threatening for the patient. Fibroid nodes that are more than 12 weeks old should be urgently removed.
Stable intense pain. A trait inherent in medium and large fibroids. The myoma knot leads to squeezing of nearby organs, and also presses on the rectum. Defecation is impaired, which can lead to intestinal inflammation and intoxication of the body.
Bleeding began. Basically, it leads to fibroids for a period of 15 weeks or more.
Pregnancy planning. If a woman cannot conceive or bear a fetus, then medium-sized fibroids are often the cause. The hormonal background during pregnancy changes, which leads to tumor growth and poses a threat to the baby.

If the uterine fibroid is more than 12 weeks old and is located on the back wall of the uterus, then this can provoke premature birth. Oxygen starvation of the fetus may occur.

There is a risk of a benign myoma developing into a malignant one. This opportunity appears with the rapid growth of fibroids.

Small or medium fibroids can be treated without surgery, provided there are no complications. If the tumor is benign and even equal to a few millimeters, you still should not relax and start treating it, because it can be located in a harmful area.

Tumor growth

Taking hormonal drugs

For the treatment of fibroids, it is important how quickly it grows. If within a year the uterus has increased to 5 weeks or more, then this tumor is progressing. Its growth is affected by hormonal disruption of the body. There are also the following reasons for the rapid development of this disease:

until 30 years old a woman did not give birth
gynecological pathologies
enough abortions
taking hormonal drugs
long-term effect of ultraviolet radiation on the body.

Sometimes uterine fibroids grow to enormous sizes, the weight can be about 5 kg and 40 cm in diameter. At the same time, it resembles a late pregnancy.

Effect of fibroid size on pregnancy

With small to medium-sized fibroids, the pregnancy can be normal. If the tumor is large, then pregnancy, as well as carrying a child, is not possible. Even conception does not occur due to the fact that the nodes block the fallopian tubes.

If a woman during pregnancy found out that she had a large fibroid, complications may arise during childbirth. It can be bleeding, infections of internal organs, as well as unforeseen situations.

Fibroids in the vagina are considered the most serious. It becomes the cause of infertility, as well as spontaneous miscarriages. If the onset of pregnancy occurred with a benign tumor, then the patient is under the supervision of doctors all the time to prevent miscarriage. If the growth of the myoma node increases rapidly, then the pregnancy must be terminated.

In some pregnant women, myomatous nodes stop growing altogether, in 10% it decreases, and only in 20% it can begin to grow at a progressive rate.

Removal of fibroids

Fibroid surgery

During an ultrasound examination, it was revealed that the nodes are increasing, the doctor prescribes a complete examination of the patient to begin with. Then the operation is performed. There are the following types of operable intervention: laparoscopy, laparotomy, strip surgery, hysteroscopy, hysterectomy.

Removal of fibroids 8 weeks. If the tumor has begun to grow and has grown from a small stage to a medium stage and corresponds to a period of 8-9 weeks, it is recommended to undergo surgery. Here the type of operation is used - laparoscopy. This is the removal of fibroids through incisions made in the abdomen. After such an operation, no scars remain. The postoperative period lasts about two weeks.

With hard-to-reach and large nodes, hysteroscopy is done - making incisions through the vagina.

Removal of fibroids 10 weeks. It is impossible to delay the removal. The operation is performed through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall. This, a rather serious operation to remove a benign tumor, is called a laparotomy. After it, a long rehabilitation is required.

Removal of fibroids 12 weeks. When a tumor of this size is diagnosed, the operation is performed immediately. With extreme measures, a hysterectomy is used - the complete removal of the uterus. This operation is performed if no other treatment is more effective. The rehabilitation period is about 2 months.

In a difficult case, as well as common foci of the disease, a strip operation is performed.

Complete removal of the uterus with fibroids

The entire genital organ can be removed: if the size of the tumor has reached unacceptable norms, also if the removal of the nodes is not possible. The main indicators for this are:

late-onset knot formation,
prolapse of the uterus,
prolonged blood loss,
suspicion of a malignant tumor,
growing anemia.

Rehabilitation after removal

To quickly return to your normal lifestyle, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

eliminate the load on the stomach, but try to move more;
avoid constipation;
do not lift weights;
eliminate stress, they often lead to changes in hormonal levels.

To plan a pregnancy, you need to consult with your doctor.

Take medication to restore the functioning of the uterus. Also, for any unpleasant symptoms, consult a doctor.

Every woman should regularly visit her gynecologist, monitor her reproductive system.

oonkologii.ru

Uterine fibroids: dimensions for surgery in millimeters, centimeters and weeks

A benign tumor in the myometrium of the uterus or myoma is a fairly common disease for middle-aged women. If a patient monitors her health, regularly visiting a gynecologist, and the tumor process is observed by a specialist from the very beginning, non-surgical treatment of uterine fibroids is possible.

The main danger of a neoplasm lies in its potential ability to grow and degenerate into a malignant cancerous tumor, which is why it is so important to monitor the increase in the size of myomatic nodules.

When diagnosing uterine fibroids, the dimensions for the operation to remove it are determined by a set of studies:

visual bimanual examination on a gynecological chair using a special mirror;
ultrasound examination, specifying the number and size of fibroids.

In order for the doctor to prescribe the correct treatment, it is necessary to repeat the ultrasound procedure several times. This will determine the rate of tumor growth. To obtain a detailed picture of the disease, it is recommended to do an MRI.

With the growth of fibroids, the cavity of the organ itself also gradually increases - this resembles the growth of an embryo. Due to this similarity, the size of uterine fibroids is usually compared with the weeks of pregnancy. For example, a uterine fibroid for 7 weeks is about 2.5 cm.

Fibroid sizes

In gynecology, it is customary to conventionally divide uterine fibroids into three types, based on the size of the neoplasm:

Small fibroids. It is comparable to a pregnancy of 6-8 weeks and has a volume of up to 2 cm. Usually such a tumor does not manifest itself in any way, a woman learns about the disease by chance. It is important to identify the formation during this period - a fibroid of 7 weeks in size will bring much less trouble than a running giant tumor.
Average myoma. In terms of pregnancy, the size will be 10-12 weeks or up to 7 cm. A patient with such a tumor may complain of heavy painful menstruation that cannot be anesthetized with medications. There is a small discharge of blood in the middle of the cycle, the so-called "daub".
Large fibroids. The parameters of the neoplasm are comparable to the embryo at 12-15 weeks.

Symptoms

The presence of such uterine fibroids is manifested by pronounced symptoms:

pain in the belt, heart, and with adhesions with the tissues of neighboring organs - and in other places;
frequent numbness of the legs due to circulatory problems;
violation of defecation or increased urge to urinate due to the pressure of the tumor on the nearest organs - intestines, bladder;
an increase in the lower abdomen while maintaining the same weight.

Small and medium fibroids in the absence of complicating factors allow conservative treatment without surgery. In such cases, conception and successful childbirth are possible. But large fibroids will become a serious obstacle to childbirth.

Even if the tumor is very small and is measured not in centimeters, but in millimeters, you should not relax: it may be located in a dangerous area. The growth of a tumor on the pedicle can be uncomfortable even with a size of 9 mm: when the pedicle is twisted, the pain is unbearable.

Another mandatory characteristic of fibroids is its growth rate: an increase in 12 months by more than 5 or weeks or 4 cm is considered a dangerous signal and one of the indications for surgery.

Heal cannot be cut

A patient with a diagnosed tumor first of all asks the question: at what size of uterine fibroids the operation is performed and whether it is possible to do without it.

Doctors identify several indications for surgical intervention:

The size of fibroids exceeds 12 weeks or 6 cm. Such fibroids pose a threat to a woman's life. If several nodes of medium size are found, their urgent removal is considered strictly mandatory. In this case, a slightly smaller uterine fibroid, for example, 5 weeks, is treated with medication under the supervision of a doctor.
The woman is planning a pregnancy. Average fibroids often cause infertility or early miscarriages. A change in hormonal levels during pregnancy stimulates tumor growth: it can be either a slight overgrowth or a sharp increase in times, posing a threat to the baby.
The risk of degeneration into a sarcoma is a malignant tumor. First of all, such a probability is manifested by rapid tumor growth.
Constant severe pain. This feature is also typical for medium and large fibroids. The location of the myomatous node can cause the tumor to squeeze the nearest organs, causing severe pain. So, with pressure on the rectum, rare stools are observed - 1 or 2 times every 6-8 days. This situation threatens intoxication of the body and inflammation of the intestines.
Heavy bleeding. The constant loss of a significant amount of blood leads to anemia. Typically, uterine fibroids bleed heavily for 15 weeks or more.

Small uterine fibroids, i.e. less than 4 cm, rarely removed. Usually, the doctor selects the right treatment and simply monitors the condition of the tumor. It is better to treat myomatic formations in a comprehensive manner: hormonal drugs, gymnastics, diet, folk remedies. The exception is pedicle fibroids, such a neoplasm is dangerous and painful, it is removed.

Menopause stops the growth of fibroids due to a decrease in the production of estrogens - female sex hormones. Therefore, in menopause, the tactic of passive observation is also acceptable. The alternative is a radical solution to the problem, removal of the uterus.

Of course, there is no need to rush to the operating table: a knowledgeable specialist uses all the possibilities to reduce fibroids with medication. If the operation is the only possible way out, it is also not worth delaying, because delay can cost health.

Traditional and alternative surgeries

The uterine myoma, which has reached the size for the operation, must be removed - this is the golden rule of gynecology. In advanced cases, the tumor reaches the parameters of a full-term baby: it weighs up to 8 kg and has a diameter of up to 40 cm. The torment inflicted by the giant tumor body is terrible. Yet women endure pain for years and flatly refuse to remove the source of suffering.

Removal of uterine fibroids is an abdominal operation, but some fear of it is justified and natural. The intervention is carried out under anesthesia, so you should not panic.

Modern medicine offers different options for getting rid of fibroids, let's start with sparing alternatives:. It is applied to a knot no more than 6-7 weeks in size. The doctors' comments characterize the laser as the least traumatic method, which has a lot of advantages:

does not leave ugly seams, only a small scar measuring 1.5 - 2 cm, as seen in the photo;
maintains maximum fertility;
rehabilitation lasts only 14 days.

Considering that the latest sensitive equipment is used and highly qualified doctors work, many patients prefer to clarify in advance how much the operation costs in different clinics. You can save money on expensive treatment by getting a quota from the state. True, it will take some time.

Embolization of the uterine arteries. The efficiency of UAE is 98%, while with conventional surgical excision the risk of recurrence is 40%. A solution is injected through a catheter in the femoral artery, which clogs the vessels feeding the myoma. As a result, the tumor gradually dries out and dies off. It is best to do this when the fibroid is about 9 weeks old or less. The long-term consequences of the procedure are not fully understood. In some patients after UAE, there was an absence of the menstrual cycle - amenorrhea.

How is the operation going - video

Abdominal surgery

It happens that the state of the fibroid does not allow the use of alternative methods of removal: the situation is complicated by necrotic processes in the tissues, the tumor stem is twisted, etc. Then surgeons perform traditional abdominal operations, making incisions in the abdominal wall. After such removal of uterine fibroids, the woman will have to spend the postoperative period in the hospital under the supervision of doctors.

There are four types of traditional abdominal surgery:

Laparoscopy or myomectomy. The intervention takes place through the introduction of special equipment - a laparoscope - into punctures on the abdominal wall, so it does not leave large scars. The second plus is a short rehabilitation period, it will be only a week. With laparoscopy, several fibroids are usually removed, not exceeding 15 mm in diameter. The uterine cavity should be enlarged for a maximum of 15-16 weeks. For the uterus itself, the consequences of such an operation are the least severe, the risk of adhesions in the fallopian tubes is minimal.

Laparotomy or removal of myoma nodes through a small incision made in the abdominal wall. Indications for laparotomy:

distortion of the shape of the uterine body caused by rapid tumor growth;
the growth of large tumors in the abdominal cavity or pelvic area;
knot size over 12-15 weeks.

Hysteroscopy or resectoscopy. A special device, a hysteroscope, is inserted into the uterine cavity through the vagina. The method is applied to single nodules in the uterus 6 weeks or more in size located on the back or front of the uterus. It is advisable to carry out the intervention in the first 7 days of the cycle. The operation is so simple that it can be performed on an outpatient basis.

Hysterectomy is the complete removal of the uterus. A drastic measure used in extreme cases when other methods are no longer effective:

with a gigantic tumor;
degeneration of a benign tumor into a sarcoma;
the presence of many different types of nodes;
menopause.

Recovery will take 2 months. The doctor will prescribe pain relievers for a few days. painful sensations do not even allow you to just stand, and performing the simplest movements is painful. Then you need to drink a course of antibiotics. Based on the patient's condition, fortifying drugs are prescribed. In the postoperative period, there is a high risk of bleeding. Any discharge of blood is a reason to immediately seek medical help.

Removal of fibroids - video with Elena Malysheva

Features of rehabilitation

The operation to remove uterine fibroids is not the most difficult and dangerous, but it is still important to follow a number of rules in the postoperative period. This will help to quickly return to normal rhythm of life and restore hormones.

The advice of gynecologists is mandatory, all the more it is not difficult to follow them:

avoid constipation, especially in the first postoperative days;
try to move more, while eliminating any stress on the abdomen (leisurely walking is suitable);
in the first six months after the operation to remove uterine fibroids, you can lift no more than 3 kg;
eliminate stressful situations, because they lead to hormonal disruptions and relapse of the disease.

You can only plan a pregnancy after consulting your doctor. The performed operation is always stress for the reproductive organs, which may take quite a long time to recover.

During the rehabilitation period, it is mandatory to take medications that normalize the structure of the uterine body and the menstrual cycle. Any unpleasant symptoms cannot be ignored - it is better to make sure once again that everything is fine than to allow complications to develop.

healthladies.ru

Classification of the size of fibroids in centimeters

When prescribing treatment, the doctor builds on the size of the fibroid

To accurately determine the size of fibroids, an ultrasound scan is necessary. It is generally accepted that in case of large neoplasms that exceed 60 mm or 6 cm (12-16 obstetric weeks), an operation should be performed. Benign neoplasms are life-threatening for women when there are many of them. Fibroids 20–60 mm or 2–6 cm (10–11 weeks) are treated with medication, diet and physiotherapy. That is, conservative treatment is carried out.

Classification

Myoma is divided into 3 types:

Small swelling of the cervix. It does not exceed 2 cm (20 mm) - 4 obstetric weeks.
The average neoplasm is 10-11 weeks, ranging from 2-6 cm or 20-60 mm.
Large myoma of the cervix. The size exceeds 6 cm (60 mm), which equates to 12-16 obstetric weeks of pregnancy.

Large fibroids can reach the size of 4 months of pregnancy

Size and symptoms

Early neoplasms (20 mm or 2 cm) do not bother a woman. But as soon as the tumor begins to grow and reaches 10-12 weeks (50 mm or 5 cm and more), the corresponding symptoms appear.

Menstrual bleeding with pain. Pain relievers do not help relieve pain.
If the fibroid has reached 12 weeks (6 cm or 60 mm), then the cervix enlarges and bloating occurs.
When diagnosed - pedicle fibroids with torsion, sharp pain in the abdomen begins. This means that blood flow is disturbed in the body of the neoplasm, and peritonitis results. It is necessary to do an ultrasound.
Large fibroids (10–20 weeks) compress nearby organs, which leads to improper bowel movements and urination. There is pain in the lower back and heart muscle. The legs begin to go numb when the nerve endings near the rectum are squeezed.
Large fibroids (more than 12 weeks), grow on the outer part, form adhesions with nearby organs and tissue layers.

Fibroid symptoms vary depending on its location and size.

Size diagnostics

To correctly prescribe the treatment, you should constantly do an ultrasound of the uterus. It will help determine how many benign lesions, size and growth rate.

Ultrasound is a common way to diagnose fibroids

Pregnancy

The tumor is small (less than 1 cm), does not particularly affect the growth of the fetus in the womb. But there should be mandatory medical supervision over the condition.

Large nodes (12 weeks and more), which are in the submucosa of the uterus, interfere with the normal development of the fetus, forming a variety of pathologies.

Treatment

It is carried out using a variety of techniques. It all depends on the size in obstetric weeks and the type:

Hormone therapy

Medications reduce the size and prevent the recurrence of fibroids

Symptomatic treatment

antispasmodics and pain relievers (tumors up to 3 weeks cause severe pain during menstruation);
Hemostatic drugs are used for small neoplasms, if prolonged and heavy menstruation and at the time of ovulation, spotting occurs.

Surgery (fibroids over 13 weeks)

laser tumor resection;
myomectomy;
vascular embolization;
complete resection of the uterus.

Unconventional treatment

hirudotherapy;
folk remedies;
physiotherapy procedures;
gymnastic exercises.

Leech treatment is effective for fibroids

Indicators for surgery

The benign neoplasm is more than 12 weeks old.
The woman is planning a pregnancy.
If there is a risk of malignant tumor formation.
Benign education is very painful. The use of pain relievers does not work.
Myoma presses on the rectum, urinary system and nerve endings.
There are regular heavy bleeding, due to which anemia develops.
If the tumor is located on a long thin leg, then there is a torsion factor and the onset of peritonitis.
If normal urination does not occur, then there is urinary stagnation.
If a large myomatous node presses on the rectum, then a woman has rare stools, which leads to intoxication of the whole body. With intoxication, bloating occurs and severe pain is felt when pressed with fingers.

If, when contacting a doctor, a benign formation of the cervix was diagnosed, then:

On examination, it is determined how many neoplasms and their size.
An ultrasound scan must be done on a specific day, because cervical neoplasms change under the influence of estrogen levels.
A qualified doctor will never assert that education is of the average size and talk about the rules for determining them.
The gynecologist determines the stage of the disease using the ratio of size to gestational age and ultrasound results.
Sizes are determined in weeks, cm, mm.
Full diagnosis and medical supervision will help determine the development of cervical fibroids.

vrachlady.ru

2018 Blog about women's health.