Endometrial stromal sclerosis is a concept that characterizes compaction (replacement with connective tissue) of the inner lining of the uterine wall. This is not an independent nosological unit: this term defines histological changes that develop as a result of various unfavorable factors, most often as a result of the inflammatory process.

In the female body, monthly changes occur under the influence of hormonal processes that contribute to conception and gestation. These changes are characterized by cyclic changes in the endometrium. If the structure of the endometrium (the inner lining of the uterus) is damaged due to its inflammation or hyperplastic changes, the process of fertilization cannot occur. Such cases are quite common today - it has been proven that every tenth woman suffers from inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.

The Yusupov Hospital diagnoses and treats all types of gynecological pathologies, including those that can cause sclerosis of the endometrial stroma. Timely treatment of such diseases, which is carried out by gynecologists at the Yusupov Hospital, ensures the preservation of a woman’s reproductive function.

How does the process of endometrial sclerosis occur?

In the presence of inflammatory processes (especially long-term ones) and hormonal disorders, the most sensitive areas are the epithelium and stroma of the endometrium. Although these tissues “know how” to renew themselves quickly, they are still quite easily subject to disturbances in their structure. Sclerosis itself cannot be a separate disease; it is only a symptom of the underlying pathological process. The word “sclerosis” means the replacement of healthy connective tissue (scar).

“Focal sclerosis of the endometrial stroma” is the conclusion of a histological examination of a piece of endometrial tissue taken during a biopsy, mainly observed in chronic endometritis. The more pronounced the symptoms of chronic endometritis, the more extensive the foci of sclerosis in the endometrial tissue.

If foci of inflammation with the presence of pathogenic microorganisms appear on the cervix or in the vagina, if you do not consult a doctor in a timely manner, this process penetrates into the uterus. In the absence of further treatment, structural changes occur in the deep layers of the endometrium, the stroma and columnar epithelium are affected. This, in turn, is a predisposing factor for the degeneration of normal tissue cells into pathological ones, leading to the formation of sclerosis and fibrosis of the extracellular space. With the progressive course of this process, malignant formations also form over time. That is why gynecologists at the Yusupov Hospital pay great attention to detailed diagnosis of gynecological diseases and an individual approach to their treatment.

Symptoms to be wary of:

menstrual irregularities (too heavy or, on the contrary, scanty bleeding);

painful menstruation;

pathological (seropurulent) discharge;

pain and discomfort in the lower abdomen;

painful sexual intercourse.

Endometrial stromal sclerosis: treatment

Treatment of endometrial stromal sclerosis is one of the many areas of practical activity of the Yusupov Hospital. The clinic’s gynecologists have developed a comprehensive treatment program for endometritis and its complications.

It is very important to undergo preventive examinations and examinations by a specialist who will identify the pathological process in the body at the initial stage, prescribe the necessary additional laboratory and instrumental studies (diagnostic scraping of the endometrium - diagnostic curettage), or aspiration biopsy of the endometrium (obtaining a piece of tissue by suction from the uterine cavity with subsequent histological report) for timely initiation of therapy.

Treatment consists of eliminating the causes that led to sclerosis of the endometrial stroma (inflammation, STIs), and then is aimed at restoring the structure and function of the endometrium (local therapy - sanitation of the uterine cavity and vagina, if necessary - infusion treatment, immunostimulating methods, physiotherapy).

Doctors at the Yusupov Hospital recommend paying close attention to your health and promptly contacting a gynecologist if any uncomfortable signs appear. The Yusupov Hospital has modern, high-tech equipment in its arsenal. Experienced gynecologists will conduct a comprehensive diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment, which will avoid unpleasant consequences for the reproductive system. To make an appointment for a consultation or hospitalization at the clinic, call.

Bibliography

• ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases)
• Yusupov Hospital
• Soviet encyclopedic dictionary / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. - 4th ed. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1988. - 1600 p.
• Clinical recommendations. Obstetrics and gynecology. Savelyeva G.M., Serov V.N., Sukhikh G.T. 2009 Publisher: Geotar-Media.
• Gynecology: a guide for doctors, Serov V.N., Kira E.F., Apolikhina I.A., Antonova I.B. 2008 Publisher: Litterra.

Our specialists

Prices for treatment of endometrial stromal sclerosis

Service	Price
Consultation with a gynecologist, doctor of medical sciences/professor	Price 8,240 rub.
Consultation with a gynecologist, candidate of medical sciences, primary	Price 5,150 rub.
Consultation with a gynecologist, Ph.D., repeated	Price 3,600 rub.
Appointment, consultation with a gynecologist, l/d, primary	Price 3,600 rub.
Appointment, consultation with a gynecologist, l/d, repeated	Price 2,900 rub.
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Colposcopy	Price 2,600 rub.
Comprehensive research to identify sexually transmitted infection pathogens	Price 2,050 rub.
Complex - 9 urogenital DNA infections	Price 963 rub.

*The information on the site is for informational purposes only. All materials and prices posted on the site are not a public offer, defined by the provisions of Art. 437 Civil Code of the Russian Federation. For accurate information, please contact the clinic staff or visit our clinic.

Many women who study the structure of the genital organs are interested in the question of what the ovarian stroma is. Those who have been diagnosed with a disease associated with this element of the ovaries are also trying to understand the meaning of this term. The ovarian stroma is connective tissue, which includes blood vessels that supply the substances necessary for the follicles to function. To date, there is no consensus among scientists about what tissues this shell consists of.

Structure of the stromal membrane

Some scientists believe that this element consists of loose fibrous connective tissue, the cellular elements of which are fibrocytes and fibroblasts. In addition, the substance contains bundles of smooth muscle cells, mast cells and a certain number of leukocytes of different shapes. According to other researchers, the ovarian stroma is represented by polygonal and spindle-shaped cells. The latter are characterized by scanty cytoplasm and have much in common with fibroblasts, embedded in fibrous networks with varying amounts of collagen. Polygonal cells have eosinophilic cytoplasm. This functional layer includes steroid-producing cells with a large number of lipid elements. There are also scientists who divide stromal tissues into steroidogenic and fibroblastic types.

There is an opinion that the cells of this element of the appendages, which produce steroid hormones, consist of atretic follicles that have completed their existence. They are formed at the stage when only the basement membrane remains of the follicle. Separate steroid-producing cells that belong to this follicle are preserved next to the connective tissue.

Note: The membrane is considered hormonally dependent. On its own, it is not able to ensure the full development of the follicles located in it. The fact is that in the area of ​​the primary ovarian follicles, which are located in the superficial part of the stromal cortex, there are practically no blood vessels. In deeper layers, the predominant substance of the element is amorphous substance. Here, collagen connective tissue is replaced by elastic tissue, which leads to the appearance of a large number of mast cells. The latter are responsible for the penetration of blood vessels into the follicular cells.

This element of the appendages also contains a muscular layer, parts of which are arranged in the form of functional groups directed in different directions. According to some researchers, smooth muscle cells are responsible for moving ovarian follicles that have begun to grow to deeper layers. On certain days of the menstrual cycle, when ovulation occurs, these muscle cells are actively involved in the rupture of the follicular wall.

Age-related changes

The stroma plays an important function in the functioning of the appendages throughout all age periods of a woman. This connective tissue is fully formed until approximately the age of twenty. The structure of the ovaries and, accordingly, stromal tissues also changes during the menstrual cycle. This is due to the beginning of the growth of new follicular cells and tissues, for which the stroma is responsible for blood supply. If endocrine changes occur in a woman’s body, their consequences most pronouncedly affect the stromal capillaries and thekocytes in contact with them.

In the period from 20 to 30 years, the morphology and functions of the appendages change, which leads to focal growth of collagen fibers. Around the age of thirty, most patients begin a process of gradual stromal fibrosis, along with changes in the cortex. Such processes are caused by changes in female sex hormones. All this causes changes in the structure of the ovarian elements and affects its functions.

Important! With age, the most noticeable changes occur in the large arteries. By the age of thirty, the shell of the stromal element begins to gradually thicken. A large number of follicles are formed in the medulla. All this often leads to polycystic disease. Thickening of the stroma can be observed not only in women approaching menopause, but also in young girls of childbearing age who suffer from chronic adnexitis or anovulatory conditions.

By the age of 50-60, many women experience stromal sclerosis, sometimes focal hyalinosis. The organs of the female reproductive system completely atrophy in old age. The same thing happens with the stromal membrane.

Diseases associated with the membrane

Although the area of ​​stromal tissue is small, this element plays an important role in many processes occurring in the female body. In a normal state, this element of the appendages on any day of the cycle on ultrasound has an average echogenicity. In color it is comparable to the shade of the body of the uterus. There is a moderate number of vessels in the membrane. If its echogenicity is increased, a large number of vessels are visible, and the stromal wall looks enlarged, it is worth talking about the presence of pathology. Most often this indicates polycystic disease or the course of inflammatory processes.

The following diseases are associated with pathological changes in the ovarian membrane:

• polycystic disease;
• ovarian hyperplasia;
• stromal hyperplasia and hyperthecosis;
• stromal cell tumors.

According to recent studies, it is the thickening of the stromal layer that most often causes polycystic disease. In this case, the follicle develops normally, however, when the time comes for the egg to be released, the thick stromal walls do not allow this to happen. As a result, follicular cells form cystic bodies. Their number increases after ovulation, which should have occurred in each cycle. Thickening of the stroma is most often a consequence of hormonal imbalance, in which an increase in luteinizing hormone predominates. LH, in turn, affects the excessive release of steroid hormones in the ovarian lining. In this case, the echogenicity of the stromal layer exceeds the echogenicity of the myometrium. If a histological examination is carried out, a proliferation of loose and collagenous connective tissue of this element of the appendages is observed. Most often, the tissue is located unevenly.

Another disease caused by changes in the ovarian lining is hyperplasia. In this case, the stromal tissues of the ovaries undergo changes, in which there are signs of proliferation, luteinization, and increased production of androgens. This gynecological disease is accompanied by proliferation of the ovarian membrane and endometrial stroma. At the same time, the ovary increases in volume. The cause of the processes may be a hormonal imbalance in the female reproductive system, a previous gynecological disease or a congenital pathology. Without proper treatment, hyperplasia leads to tissue tecomatosis, which can result in tumor formation.

Stromal hyperplasia is also considered a common disease. It is believed that this disease is caused by prolonged stimulation of the stromal glands by luteinizing hormone during perimenopause. This pathology is less dangerous for women's health than stromal hyperthecosis, in which the ovarian membrane grows due to luteinization and proliferation. In this case, there is an increase in male hormones in the blood.

Stromal cell tumors most often reach large sizes. They are formed from the specialized stromal membrane of the gonad sex cord. Such tumors can develop from primary female or male cells. Depending on this, granulosa-theca cell neoplasms or Sertoli-Leiding tumors are formed. These pathological neoplasms are considered functioning because they produce hormones. Stromal tumors can form at different ages, including children and adolescents, as well as during postmenopause. Initially, stromal tumors in almost all cases are benign, however, with age they tend to develop into malignant formations. Their treatment and surgical removal are required only if there is a likelihood of tumor transformation into a cancerous tumor, or if there are complaints and discomfort.

STROMA(from the Greek stroma-litter), a concept denoting the supporting or support structures of an organ. In this regard, the concept of S. is, as it were, opposed to the concept parenchyma(cm.). Usually S. consists of a capsule that covers the organ from the outside, and trabeculae extending from it into the organ and forming, as it were, the skeleton of the organ. S. is built of dense connective tissue, rich in elastic fibers and often containing smooth muscle fibers (see. Parenchyma). - S t r o m a cell. This term refers to structural formations that determine or fix the shape of a cell. Since the state of aggregation of protoplasm is liquid, the cell, under the influence of surface tension forces, should always have a spherical shape. If a cell has a certain permanent shape, other than spherical, and this shape does not depend on the contact of the cell with neighboring tissue elements (cells or intercellular formations), but is determined by its own properties inherent in a given cell, then the presence of such a shape presupposes the existence any external or internal skeletal formations, i.e. stroma, which gives the cell a specific shape. The external skeletal formations are represented by the peliculoplasmic membrane, which is the outer layer of protoplasm that has undergone a transition to a gel. The external pelicule can be strengthened by internal skeletal parts included in it. The denser, thicker and harder the outer layer of a cell, the more it stabilizes the shape of the cell. In addition to the pelicule, the outer static organelle of the cell can be a membrane, for example. sarcolem of muscle fiber, which is also a colloidal modification of the surface layer of the cytoplasm and differs from the pelicule in its greater thickness, density, double contour, and also in the fact that it is sharply delimited from the cytoplasm. The dense membrane that develops on one side of the cell is called the cuticle. Sometimes a cell, liquid in its cytoplasm, regardless of the presence or absence of a pelicule, fixes its specific shape with the help of an internal skeleton made of the finest rigid fibrils. These fibrils, usually clearly visible in a living cell due to strong light refraction, should be considered as gelatinized parts of protoplasm (M. Heidenhain's tonofibrils), which, along with rigidity, have great elasticity and elasticity. Tonofibrils are well developed in the epithelium of the skin, where, passing from cell to cell along intercellular bridges, form spring systems that give the epidermis greater rigidity. Supporting fibrils are especially strongly developed in ciliates, where they often form complex systems that give the body of the ciliate a complex and bizarre shape. While examining the sperm heads of various animals, N. K. Koltsov discovered that that the peculiar shape of these cells is determined by the presence of skeletal supporting fibrils. Summarizing his observations, Koltsov came to the conclusion that all cells in one form or another have a solid skeleton. Supporting fibrils usually run along the periphery of the cell, singly or in bundles, sometimes moving from one cell to neighboring ones without interruption. Skeletal fibrils also form the basis of ciliated cilia or flagella. The latter are built from a thin axial elastic thread covered with a layer of protoplasm. In the cells of the ciliated epithelium, skeletal fibrils, in addition to the axes of the cilia, also form the so-called protoplasm inside the protoplasm. intracellular filamentous apparatus (Faserwurzeln), consisting of thin fibrils converging towards the nucleus in the form of a cone. The tails of spermatozoa have a similar structure (axial skeletal thread covered with a layer of protoplasm). In addition to supporting tonofibrils, fibrillar formations are also known, to-Crimea a certain fiziol is attributed. function (myofibrils, neurofibrils). However, this does not exclude the possibility for them to simultaneously perform the static function of support for the cell containing them. --- We can speak about the stroma of the nucleus only in relation to fixed and colored nuclei, since the living nucleus in the vast majority of cases is optically empty and there are no structures discovers. After fixation (especially with mercuric mixtures), b. is found in the core. or m. dense network, called linin or achromatin and usually considered as S. nuclei. At the nodes of this network, clumps of chromatin fall out during fixation. In pathology, the concept of S. and parenchyma is especially often used in the study of tumors(cm.). Lit.: G a r tman M., General biology, part 1, vol. II-Statics, pp. 84-106, M.-L., 1929; Koltsov N., Research on the sperm of decapods in connection with general considerations regarding the organization of the cell, M., 1905; Hertwig G., Strukturen, welclie die Form der Zelle bestimmen und erhalten (Statik der Zelle) (Hndb. d. mikroskopischen Anatomie, hrsg. v. W. Mollendorff, B. I, T. 1, Car. VII, p. 329 , V., 1929); Studnicka G., Die Organization der lebendigen Masse, die Grenzschichten der Zellen (ibid,).B. Aleshin.

Stroma (from Greek stroma - litter)

(biological), 1) the basis (or skeleton) of an organ of an animal organism, consisting of unformed connective tissue in which specific elements of the organ are located, there are cells capable of reproduction, as well as fibrous structures that determine its supporting value. Blood and lymphatic vessels pass through the S.; S. elements also play a protective role, because capable of phagocytosis. Red and white blood cells develop from the cells of the hematopoietic organs. 2) The protein basis of red blood cells (See Red blood cells). 3) In many marsupials and imperfect fungi, the S., or bed, is a dense plexus of hyphae (See Hyphae) , on which sporulation is located - fruiting bodies or conidiophores. 4) Algae and higher plants have a colorless protein base of plastids, into which a strictly ordered system of membranes (thylakoids) - pigment carriers - is immersed.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .

Synonyms:

See what “Stroma” is in other dictionaries:

- (from the Greek stroma litter) in biology, the main supporting structure of organs, tissues and cells of animals and plants. For example, the connective tissue stroma of glands, the protein basis of erythrocytes and plastids, the plexus of hyphae in many marsupial fungi... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (from the Greek stroma litter), in biology the main supporting structure of organs, tissues and cells of animals and plants. For example, the connective tissue stroma of glands, the protein basis of erythrocytes and plastids, the plexus of hyphae in many marsupial fungi... encyclopedic Dictionary

Structure, basis Dictionary of Russian synonyms. stroma noun, number of synonyms: 2 base (56) structure ... Synonym dictionary

- (from the Greek stroma bedding, carpet), the basis of animal organs, consisting of unformed connective tissue. In S. there are specific ones. elements of organs, pass circulatory and lymphatic. vessels contain fibrous structures that cause it... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary

STROMA- (from the Greek stroma litter), a concept denoting the supporting or support structures of an organ. In this respect, the concept of S. is, as it were, opposed to the concept of parenchyma (see). Usually S. consists of a capsule that covers the organ from the outside, and trabeculae,... ... Great Medical Encyclopedia

STROMA- (stroma) connective tissue framework, the basis of an organ that supports its functional (working) tissue (parenchyma). For example, the stroma of red blood cells is a porous matrix of protein threads inside a red blood cell, inside... ... Explanatory dictionary of medicine

- (gr. stroma litter) biol. 1) the basis (or skeleton) of an animal organ, consisting of unformed connective tissue, which contains cells capable of reproduction and development, as well as fibrous structures that provide a supporting function... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Stroma stroma. Connective tissue soft skeleton of many organs, as well as tumors; in addition, C. protein matrix of mitochondria and chloroplasts . (Source: “English-Russian explanatory dictionary of genetic... ... Molecular biology and genetics. Dictionary.

- (stroma; Greek stroma litter) connective tissue supporting structure of an organ or tumor ... Large medical dictionary

To improve this article, would you like to: Supplement the article (the article is too short or contains only a dictionary definition). Add illustrations. Find and arrange links to cars as footnotes... Wikipedia

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Meaning of the word stroma

stroma in the crossword dictionary

Dictionary of medical terms

stroma (stroma; Greek stroma litter)

connective tissue supporting structure of an organ or tumor.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

stroma

STROMA (from the Greek stroma - litter) in biology is the main supporting structure of organs, tissues and cells of animals and plants. For example, the connective tissue stroma of glands, the protein basis of erythrocytes and plastids, the plexus of hyphae in many marsupial fungi.

Stroma

(from Greek stroma ≈ litter) (biological),

the basis (or skeleton) of an organ of an animal organism, consisting of unformed connective tissue in which specific elements of the organ are located, there are cells capable of reproduction, as well as fibrous structures that determine its supporting value. Blood and lymphatic vessels pass through the S.; S. elements also play a protective role, because capable of phagocytosis. Red and white blood cells develop from the cells of the hematopoietic organs.

Protein basis of red blood cells.

In many marsupials and imperfect fungi, the fungus, or bed, is a dense plexus of hyphae on which sporulation is located - fruiting bodies or conidiophores.

Algae and higher plants have a colorless protein base of plastids, into which a strictly ordered system of membranes (thylakoids) - carriers of pigments - is immersed.

Wikipedia

Stroma

Stroma organ of an animal organism, consisting of unformed connective tissue ( interstitium), in which specific elements of the organ are located, there are cells capable of reproduction, as well as fibrous structures that determine its supporting significance. Blood and lymphatic vessels pass through the stroma; stromal elements also play a protective role, as they are capable of phagocytosis. Red and white blood cells develop from the stromal cells of the hematopoietic organs.

Stroma (island)

About 500 people lived on the island in the 19th century, but in 1901 the population was only 375 inhabitants. In the 20th century, the population continued to decline: in the 1940s there were already about 100 people living, and the last two families left the island in 1962.

The Pentland Firth is dangerous for shipping due to whirlpools and tidal currents. Therefore, a 23 m high lighthouse was built in 1896, automated in 1997. It emits two white flashes every 20 seconds.

Due to the lack of population, there is no regular transport to the island. It is sometimes visited by tourist boats.

Stroma (disambiguation)

Stroma:

• Stroma is the basis of an organ of an animal organism, consisting of unformed connective tissue.
• Stroma is a Scottish island in the Pentland Firth.
• Stroma, Freddie (born 1987) - English actor, model and singer.

Examples of the use of the word stroma in literature.

For example, connective tissue stroma glands, the protein basis of red blood cells.

Consists of connective tissue stroma with developed lymphatic and blood vessels and parenchyma of epithelial cells arranged in separate cells.

Development begins with atypical proliferation of epithelial cells that destroy their own connective membrane and form separate clusters of cancer cells and the proliferation of connective tissue stroma.

The walls of our bladders were so overstretched that the muscle tissue had flattened into the appearance of a spider's web, and all the fluid was held together only by the desperate tension of the connective tissue. stroma, and a small area of ​​visceral peritoneum.

The little planet took what was left of Stroma after a conversation with the Chairman.

The computer actually simulated personality Stroma, thought according to the same algorithm and, while making mistakes in interpreting the tactical line of behavior, correctly predicted the strategy.

And around Stroma a kind of think tank came together - physicists, mathematicians, futurologists.

Now I felt joy: at the suggestion Stroma introduced an indicator of social activity - a measure of the mental health of society, and it increased every day.

Rallying around Stroma a team of engineers and scientists now, in the absence of Borg, demanded from the outside Stroma fatherly care.

Big from small Death Stroma fell upon Igin like a sudden landslide.

I, and only I, am to blame for death Stroma, he said during the first meeting.

It’s too late, Mat whispered, and they gathered their things under the watchful eyes of Hake, Stroma and Xhaka.

Mat kept glancing at Hake, at Stroma, at Jak, not caring at all whether they notice his glances and whether they begin to wonder why they are paying so much attention.

Only the lamp that Hake carried in his hand and the light of which framed the silhouettes of Jak and Stroma, gave Rand the courage to step into the corridor.

Be sure, - answered the Udaller, - that I would rather agree to eat rotten seaweed, as starlings do, or salted seal, like the inhabitants of Barrafort, or shells and slugs, like the unfortunate poor people Stroma than I will break wheat bread and drink red wine in a house where I was refused hospitality.