Drops for the treatment of drug rhinitis. Essential Disease Prevention

Drug rhinitis is a complex disease, provoked by addiction to drops. A violation of the constant nasal congestion is characterized, while the patient may complain of frequent sputum separation, burning and itching. It is difficult to cure the disease, since an already arising addiction simply does not allow using traditional means to eliminate the symptoms of rhinitis. Most often, the violation occurs in those patients who prefer to be treated independently, without seeking the advice of a therapist. If, due to self-medication or for other reasons, medical rhinitis has been diagnosed, treatment should be started from the first day.

Today, there are three main reasons why a patient may experience drug rhinitis:

• a decrease in vascular tone due to suppression of the synthesis of ephedrine and substances that have a similar effect, because of this, permeability decreases and sputum begins to be constantly released;
• atrophic condition of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, as well as pathological expansion of the vessels of the nose, occurs due to the use of naphthyzine and similar medicines;
• the formation of vascular dystonia of the nasal cavity, which causes a decrease in the resistance of vascular tissue and leads to rapid addiction to any vasoconstrictor agents.

Attention! Such reasons as the prolonged use of anti-hypotension drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormones and tranquilizers of all kinds can also provoke drug rhinitis.

First aid for medical rhinitis

No matter how trite it may sound, but first, the patient will need to completely abandon any nasal drops. In this case, there is no difference with which active substance you used the medication. Typically, in 60-70% of patients, if they have not received treatment with vasoconstrictive drops for more than 12 weeks, nasal breathing is completely established independently without medical intervention. The recovery period will require approximately 10-15 days. If this method did not give the desired result, treatment with full antagonists of vasoconstrictive drops is necessary.

Attention! The longer the patient takes vasoconstrictor drops, the more difficult it is for him to restore nasal breathing. Usually, drug rhinitis occurs in adult patients, they make up 85-95% of all cases. This ratio is due to the fact that when treating children, parents usually clearly follow instructions, which can not be said when treating adults.

Nasonex against drug rhinitis

It is recommended to take this medication at the same time as Loratadine, it is in such a combination that he shows the fastest and maximum possible result. Nasonex refers to hormonal drugs created to suppress prolonged runny nose and nasal congestion, including an allergic one. The main active component of the drug is mometasone.

The dosage of the drug should be selected for each patient individually, taking into account the duration of the use of vasoconstrictor drops and the complexity of the general condition. The classic dosage for the treatment of drug rhinitis is 2 injections into each nostril once a day. After the onset of relief and relief of acute symptoms, it is recommended to reduce the dosage of the active substance to 1 injection in each nasal passage also once a day. The duration of therapy is 2-4 weeks.

Attention! Nasonex can not be used for severe injuries of the nose or after surgical interventions, when the wound has not yet healed and has not formed a flat surface or scar. When using the spray, any infections of the nasal cavity should also be excluded.

Avamis against drug rhinitis

The drug is a nasal spray of a homogeneous dense white substance. The main active ingredient of the drug is fluticasone, which has an anti-inflammatory, soothing and moisturizing effect. Avamis refers to artificially created hormonal preparations, it is used only after consultation with a specialist.

Given the severity of nasal congestion and the manifestation of drug rhinitis, it is recommended that in the exacerbation stage, it is recommended to instill two doses of the active substance into each nostril. After the relief of acute symptoms, the amount of Avamis is reduced to one spray in each nostril. The duration of therapy in the treatment of drug rhinitis usually does not exceed 2-4 weeks. It is not used if there are fungi and bacteria in the nasal cavity.

Tafen Nasal for rhinitis

The medicine appeared on the shelves of our pharmacies not so long ago, but at the same time it has already managed to show its effectiveness in the treatment of rhinitis, including that caused by the use of vasoconstrictor drops. The main active substance of the drug is budesonide. This component has a general anti-inflammatory and soothing effect, refers to local hormones, rarely affects the human hormonal system when used correctly.

Given the severity of symptoms, Tafen Nasal should be taken twice a day, two injections into each nostril during the acute period of treatment of rhinitis and one injection after the removal of severe inflammation. The duration of therapy is determined separately for each patient, but it can not be more than 12 weeks. Usually, it takes no more than four weeks to suppress drug rhinitis and restore nasal breathing. It is not used if there are fungi and bacteria in the nasal cavity.

Homeopathic remedies for drug rhinitis

Cinnabsin

Combined exposure drug. When used, it significantly reduces inflammation and conduction of the nasal mucosa and blood vessels. Available in the form of lozenges. When treating adult patients, it is recommended to take 1 tablet every hour, but not more than 12 per day, until the acute period is withdrawn. After this, the treatment involves the use of 1 tablet no more than three times a day until complete recovery. Take tablets 30 minutes before or after a meal. The duration of treatment is 2-4 weeks.

Cameton

This homeopathic medicine is available in the form of an aerosol for injection into the nose. The main active ingredients of the drug are chlorobutanol, camphor and menthol. You can also use Cameton as an inhalation if drug rhinitis has caused irritation of the larynx or its edema. For treatment, spray with one touch in the mouth or nose into each nostril. Spray the medication strictly during the inspiratory phase. For the best effect in the acute stage, Kameton can be sprayed into the mouth 2 times in one session.

Nux Womica

In the treatment of drug rhinitis, this drug is used in the form of peas, which should be taken strictly before going to bed. Dosage Nux Vomica tablets may vary, but usually it is three peas. Treatment is continued for three days, after which withdrawal of the drug is required. This medication belongs to the homeopathic, but at the same time it has a strong effect on the body, therefore, it can not be used without appointment by the attending physician.

Attention! Usually, when using homeopathic medicines, experts do not recommend the use of any other drops and drugs. Therefore, when they are prescribed, they should more fully clarify their course of treatment and doses of active substances in the case of their combination.

Folk recipes against drug rhinitis

Substance	Picture	Cooking method	Dose	A course of treatment
		1 lemon and zest mix 1: 1 with honey, moisten the bandage	Applications in the nasal cavity 2-3 times a day for 5 minutes	Up to 14 days in the absence of irritation
				Up to 10 days
		2-3 peas brew in 100 ml of boiling water for 20-30 minutes	2 drops in each nostril 3-4 times a day	Up to 7 days
		Take only natural pharmacy	2 drops 3-4 times in each nostril	Up to 10 days
		2 teaspoons per 200 ml brew 10-20 minutes	Rinse the sinuses in the morning and evening 100 ml	Up to 7 days, as washing can cause otitis media

Attention! At the initial stage of treatment, when the complete abolition of any medication is practiced, folk remedies are not banned and can accelerate the patient's recovery. In severe cases of drug rhinitis, home-made drugs can be used only in combination with pharmacy, if there are no contraindications. In addition to the described means, the nose can be washed with ordinary saline solution   also no more than 3 times, so as not to provoke otitis media.

Surgical treatment of drug rhinitis

The decision to conduct surgery is applied only in severe and advanced cases, when a combination of hormonal agents and other methods did not give the proper result. During surgery, the specialist cuts the so-called "rollers" at the lower nasal passages. This allows you to significantly increase the size of the nasal sinuses, which restores nasal breathing to normal volume. During the operation, the surgeon, taking into account his qualifications and equipment of the clinic, can use a traditional surgical scalpel or use ultrasonic disintegration and a laser, with its help photo-destruction is performed.

Attention! The last two methods are considered safer and less invasive. When using ultrasound and a laser, the patient is not at great risk of infection, severe bleeding, and the recovery period lasts much less than with traditional surgery.

If a runny nose occurs, do not immediately seek help for vasoconstrictive drops. First you need to try to improve your condition with the help of warm salt compresses, inhalations and aromatherapy. If improvement does not occur within the first two days, vasoconstrictive drops should be used only with mild effects. In this case, it is better to choose those medications that have an additional moisturizing effect. Subject to the exact instructions for their use, drug rhinitis occurs in only a small percentage of patients.

On the bottom of the common cold, which patients often turn to see an ENT doctor, is drug rhinitis. Pathology develops due to abuse of vasoconstrictive drops, since many people at the first symptoms of nasal congestion immediately go to the pharmacy for a life-saving drug, while using it uncontrollably and much longer than the prescribed 3-5 days.

Of course, the effect of such drugs is fast and persistent, but not everyone knows about the side effects that cause vasoconstrictor drops and sprays. How to prevent the disastrous consequences after using funds for the common cold and what to do if the addiction has already developed will be described later.

To understand why drug rhinitis develops, you need to know the principle of the action of vasoconstrictor drugs, and why their prolonged, uncontrolled use can lead to negative consequences.

The nasal passages of a person are covered with a layer of cavernous tissue, which, with abundant blood supply, can increase significantly and independently decrease with the same speed.

The main function of the cavernous epithelium is the regulation of air temperature, which enters the lungs, that is, its timely cooling or warming.

When entering cold air, the cavernous bodies increase, for the most comfortable contact of cold air with the nasal mucosa, and the inhaled stream manages to warm up before it penetrates into the lung cavity.

When it enters a warm room, the vessels return to their usual state, since additional heating of the epithelium is no longer required.

Vasoconstrictive drops act on the capillaries of the nasal passages forcibly - they cause them to contract, without linking this need to environmental conditions. As a result, the nervous system cannot recognize this command, and causes the vessels to expand again. The mucous membrane becomes swollen, the patient again suffers from nasal congestion, and he is forced to seek help from drops from a cold - a vicious circle is formed.

The more often a person uses vasoconstrictors, the more the mucous epithelium swells, in many pathology becomes chronic, when a whole bottle of drops is spent per day in order to at least somehow breathe through the nose.

Rare reasons

Much more rare provocateurs of drug rhinitis in adults are drugs from the groups of alpha-blockers (Prazonin, Doxazosin), sympatholytics (Adelfan) and central adrenomimetics (Klofelin, Methyldopa).

All these drugs are prescribed for the treatment of hypertension, with tumors of the adrenal cortex and Raynaud’s disease, but they are taken internally and not used intranasally, although the side effect is similar to vasoconstrictor drugs. When the active substances reach the nasal cavity, moving through the general bloodstream, an unexpected swelling of the cavernous epithelium develops.

This effect manifests itself after 2-3 months of constant use of these medicines.

More often, drug vasomotor rhinitis develops in patients with vegetative-vascular dystonia, since these patients are prone to disorders of the hormonal and nervous systems. And in children under 10 years of age, this pathology is practically not diagnosed.

Characteristic symptoms

The clinical symptoms of drug rhinitis are as follows:

• persistent nasal congestion;
• complete or partial impairment of olfactory function;
• copious secretion of mucus from the nasal passages;
• burning and itching in the nostrils and sinuses;
• sleep disturbances, night snoring.

Having noticed one or several of these symptoms at once, the patient should immediately consult an ENT doctor for a thorough diagnosis.

In some cases, when the pathology is at the initial stage of development, only and can be observed, and these signs stop only for a short time, but come back again after a couple of hours.

It is at this moment that you need to seek medical help, because getting rid of drug rhinitis, which has not yet gone into a chronic form, will be much easier.

Diagnostics and differential examinations

As a rule, treatment of drug rhinitis begins after the diagnosis is confirmed. Examination of the nasal mucosa, which is carried out using a rhinoscope or endoscope, reveals the following changes in the state of the epithelium:

• loss of ciliated cilia from the surface of epithelial tissue;
• metaplasia of the upper epithelial layer into a flat, the cover becomes non-keratinized;
• an increase in glands in volume, against the background of increased production of mucous secretion;
• increased capillary permeability and excessive swelling that occurs as a result of this symptom.

In addition to external diagnostics, it is necessary to conduct a differential examination, because drug rhinitis can occur in various forms - against the background of tissue atrophy, an allergic reaction, disturbances in the functioning of the hormonal and nervous systems.

To detect allergies, skin tests are performed to determine the irritant. If a bacterial or viral form of the common cold is suspected, a swab is taken from the nasal cavity (bacteriological culture).

If during the instrumental examination polyposis growths were detected, due to which the patient had nasal congestion and a persistent runny nose, he is shown the passage of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).

How to refuse vasoconstrictor drops

In order to cure drug rhinitis on its own, it will take a lot of willpower and perseverance, since most patients experience the process of weaning from vasoconstrictor drugs very painfully.

It must be clarified that home treatment will help only those patients whose pathology has not yet gone into a chronic form.   There are several ways to get rid of addiction.

A sharp rejection of drops and sprays with a vasoconstrictor effect

The method is radical and quite complex, not many patients agree to use it to treat addiction. To get rid of drug rhinitis, it will take at least 4 days absolutely without the use of drops, during which time the capillaries will partially return the lost functions of self-control.

Full restoration of regulation will occur only after 2 weeks.

Gradual weaning

This method is considered more sparing, since the patient is allowed to use vasoconstrictors, but only with an increase in the time between instillations.

Drug Replacement

If the patient is dependent, for example, on naphazoline-based drops, he is advised to start using a drug containing xylometazoline, while increasing the intervals between instillations.

In parallel with the above methods of getting rid of addiction, doctors recommend inhalation Sodium chloride (saline) or ordinary table mineral water, such as Borjomi.

This will help get rid of excess puffiness of the epithelium of the nasal passages, moisturize it and remove mucus. In addition, the patient after inhalation can for some time do without drops.

Pharmacological treatment

If independent attempts to get rid of drug dependence were unsuccessful, the ENT doctor will prescribe a pharmacological treatment regimen based on the use of intranasal drugs of another group - corticosteroids.

Ancillary treatment procedures will be selected depending on how far the addiction to the drops has gone and what changes are noted on the part of the nasal mucosa.

Local glucocorticosteroids for the treatment of drug rhinitis are represented by the following drugs:

• Nasonex is a spray based on mometasone. It is used 1-2 times a day, 1-2 injections in each nasal passage;
• Flixonase is a medicine containing fluticasone. They are also used as Nasonex, or in accordance with the recommendations of a doctor;
• Avamis - spray, also containing fluticasone, a similar method of application;
• Tafen Nasal is a drug whose active component is budesonide. Use twice daily for 1-2 sprays in each nostril;
• Dexamethasone - contains the hormone of the same name. It is injected into the nasal passages 2 times a day, the course of treatment is 1 week.

Experts agree that preparations for intranasal use containing mometasone are more effective than fluticasone-based products, they have almost no side effects and do not enter the general bloodstream (however, they are much more expensive).

In parallel with the use of these funds, it is recommended to take antihistamines - Loratadin, Zirtek, Erius, Zestra, Claritin   and others.

They are prescribed to exclude the allergic nature of rhinitis, as well as to relieve increased swelling of the epithelium.

Surgery

Surgery is indicated for patients who received conservative (pharmacological) therapy for a month, but the results were not achieved.   Today, there are several surgical methods for treating drug rhinitis:

A light beam acts on the surface of the mucous epithelium of the nose for a certain time (it is selected taking into account the state of the cavernous tissue), while the vessels are compressed, and the edema subsides. The effect of the operation can last from several years to the end of life. It is carried out under local anesthesia, and the recovery period is 10-20 days, at which time the patient is shown nose washing procedures.

• Ultrasonic disintegration.

A vascular surgeon destroys capillaries that have lost their ability to contract using ultrasound. In their place gradually grow new ones with the ability to function correctly. Exposure to an ultrasound probe is carried out for 10-15 seconds inside each nostril, the procedure is performed under local anesthesia.

The next day, the cavernous epithelium is treated with steroid drugs to relieve inflammation and speedy tissue regeneration. Independent breathing through the nose returns to the patient already 4-5 days after surgery.

A gentle and effective way to treat drug rhinitis, which gives positive results in 90% of cases. Before the intervention, the patient is recommended to undergo computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses in order to decide on the advisability of the operation.

Cryotherapy and conchotomy are considered less popular and outdated methods of treatment, since the results of these procedures are controversial, in addition, after their implementation, an increased frequency of relapse pathologies is noted. If, at the same time as drug rhinitis, the patient has signs of curvature of the nasal septum, he is recommended to have septoplasty.

Physiotherapy

During treatment of drug rhinitis and in the recovery period after surgery, the patient is shown physiotherapy:

• acupuncture;
• phonophoresis using hydrocortisone ointment;
• intranasal electrophoresis using diphenhydramine and calcium.

These procedures help improve blood circulation to the tissues, establish the contractile function of capillaries and increase local immunity. The duration of the course of therapy is determined by the attending physician.

In addition to the listed methods of physiotherapy, doctors recommend washing the nose with the Cuckoo method or independent regular irrigation of the nasal passages with drugs Dolphin, Aqualor, Humer, Sterimar.

To prevent the nasal mucosa from drying out, it can be lubricated Erythromycin and Hydrocortisone Ointment, as well as the drug Lorizan.

Alternative medicine

The most popular and effective methods of alternative medicine for the treatment of drug rhinitis:

• Aloe juice. Squeeze the juice from several leaves of the plant (preferably 3-5 years old), dilute it in half with boiled warm water. Enter the resulting composition into each nostril 3-4 times a day.
• Honey drops. You need to take a small amount of fresh, liquid honey and dilute it with boiled water in a ratio of 1: 1. The resulting drops must be instilled into each nasal passage up to 6 times a day, 4-5 drops.
• Onion oil. One small onion needs to be chopped on a grater, and then add 200 ml of boiled (hot) corn oil to the gruel. After wrapping it in a warm cloth, scarf or jacket, and let it brew for 9-10 hours in a row. The resulting product is lubricated with the nasal mucous membrane to relieve swelling and get rid of the common cold.
• Chamomile infusion. To prepare a decoction for washing the nose, you need to take 1 tbsp. dry raw materials, pour boiling water in an amount of 250-300 ml and insist for at least 40 minutes. After the solution, you need to strain and carry out the procedure at least 3 times a day.
• Beetroot. You can prepare drops - squeeze the juice from one grated root crop and inject it into the nostrils 3-4 times a day (you can mix it with water). Or make an infusion like this - peel and grind one fruit, pour boiling water and insist in a warm place for 3-4 days, then strain through cheesecloth and use it as a drop in the nose.

Such a complex therapy (alternation of medicines and folk remedies) will produce the greatest effect on patients who cannot immediately completely abandon vasoconstrictor drugs.

Possible complications

If you ignore the symptoms of drug rhinitis for a long time and do not attempt to get rid of the addiction, the negative consequences of the pathology can affect different body systems.

Complications may not be the most pleasant, among them:

• inability to breathe through the nose independently;
• regular headaches;
• insufficient oxygen supply to the brain, resulting in hypoxia;
• impaired memory, concentration, and attention;
• severe sleep disturbances;
• decreased immunity.

In almost all cases of the disease, snoring occurs at night, and against its background the patient notes a loss of olfactory function. A runny nose that does not respond to adequate treatment for several years becomes so neglected that the patient can be considered a pathologically unhealthy person.

Such patients are diagnosed arrhythmia, hypertension, disturbances in the functioning of the nervous and endocrine systems, tachycardia.   To avoid such consequences, it is necessary to begin treatment for drug dependence in a timely manner.

Recovery and forecast

If the patient turned to the otolaryngologist on time and received a comprehensive adequate treatment based on a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests, then the prognosis of therapy will be good. Often, it takes 1-2 months to completely get rid of drug dependence, while the patient is recommended to maintain respiratory function through gymnastics, acupressure and sports.

The recovery period after surgery lasts an average of 10-25 days, depending on what type of operation was performed. Some methods of surgery, such as conchotomy, are traumatic and fraught with relapse, so it is better to choose modern and safe methods. So, after laser treatment, the percentage of complications and relapses is only 5-10%.

Like any disease, a runny nose is easier to prevent than to treat long and hard. First of all, you should not abuse vasoconstrictors - their use should be limited to 2-3 instillations per day, course no more than 5 days.

Before using drops and sprays, it is recommended to try to eliminate the common cold with inhalations, breathing exercises, rinsing the nose with saline and decoctions of herbs. To prevent a runny nose, it is more likely to be in the fresh air, regularly wet-clean and ventilate the premises, and use Oxolinic ointment during colds during the cold season - it will reduce the likelihood of infection with SARS and flu.

Drug rhinitis is a very urgent problem in otolaryngology. To date, the symptoms of a runny nose are observed in a large number of people, since allergic rhinitis has become widespread.

Many patients complain of dependence on nasal drops and their inefficiency.

This is due to a lack of knowledge on how to properly prescribe treatment and prevent drug rhinitis.

What is a medical (medicinal) runny nose?

Drug rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa that develops as a result of prolonged use of nasal drops or sprays that have a vasoconstrictor effect.

Drug rhinitis has a chronic course, because it develops against the background of developed tachyphylaxis to decongestants (vasoconstrictive drops). Tachyphylaxis is commonly called the phenomenon of addiction to the frequent use of drugs.

An early symptom of getting used to nasal drops is a decrease in the effectiveness of their use. The disease gradually acquires a chronic course and the patient becomes dependent on the use of a nasal spray.

The best way to combat drug (drug) rhinitis are

Further, there is a complete lack of result from the use of the drug. This is due to the fact that the nasal spray stimulates a constant narrowing of the vessels of the nasal cavity, but since in the future the vessels become resistant to its effects, their constant expansion develops, which leads to round-the-clock secretion of liquid contents from the nasal cavity.

By type of exudation, medical rhinitis resembles vasomotor, because the secretion of nasal secretions develops as a result of the chemical influence of the drug.

Medicinal rhinitis due to drops

The main reason for the development of drug rhinitis is the long-term use of nasal drops with a vasoconstrictor effect or their use in a dosage that exceeds the maximum daily dose for treatment.

It is especially important!

Drug rhinitis develops after daily use of nasal drops for more than 2 weeks to treat catarrhal symptoms of the nose.

• Decreased sensitivity of the nasal mucosa to norepinephrine.

Norepinephrine is a hormone of the adrenal medulla, the main function of which is the regulation of vascular tone. Long-term use of nasal drops leads to the fact that receptors of the mucous membrane become less sensitive to its effects. Gradually, changes in the mucous membrane lead to the fact that receptors cease to respond to changes in the concentration of norepinephrine in the blood.

• The formation of polyps and crusts in the nasal cavity.

The constant use of vasoconstrictor drugs leads to the fact that polyposis changes in the nose develop. They to some extent fill the nasal passage, which in turn leads to a burden on nasal breathing.

Also, crusts in the nose form in large numbers. The result of such changes is a narrowing of the general nasal passage. The flow of air through the narrowed nasal passage leads to increased breathing and irritation of the mucous membrane, which provokes the secretion of mucus from the nose. Often, such changes require surgical treatment.

• Atrophic changes in the nasal mucosa.

The constant introduction of a pharmacological drug into the nasal cavity provokes a decrease in the mobility of the ciliated epithelium. “Paralysis” of the ciliated epithelium does not fulfill its functional purpose, which leads to the gradual development of the death of the mucous membrane.

• Dystonia of the vessels of the nose.

Changes in vascular tone are a direct effect of decongestants. Their introduction stimulates vasoconstriction, which is replaced by irreversible dilatation and the development of a cold in the patient.

• Long-term use of drugs such as antihypertensive drugs, tranquilizers, hormones.

Antihypertensive drugs for the treatment of pathology of the cardiovascular system have a systemic effect and lead to vasodilation. Dilated vessels of the nasal cavity stimulate abundant secretion of fluid.

Therefore, a slight runny nose is characteristic of people suffering from hypertension. The use of hormonal drugs with vasodilator properties leads to the appearance of constant secretions from the nose. In addition to the main functions, the most modern tranquilizers affect the tone of the vascular wall, stimulating a decrease in its tone and an increase in exudation from the nose.

• Work at harmful enterprises.

Work in chemical, pharmaceutical and toxic industries often leads to a constant effect of harmful chemicals of various origins on the mucous membrane and leads to the development of chronic mucosal discharge from the nasal cavity. Such rhinitis is difficult to treat.

Distinguish such symptoms of a runny nose:

1. Microscopic symptoms;
2. Macroscopic symptoms;
3. Clinical symptoms.

Can drug rhinitis lead to death?

These cases in medical practice have not been established. But with medical rhinitis, snoring appears during sleep, which is deadly.

The clinical symptoms of the common cold include

• Insomnia.
• The development of changes in blood pressure.

At the beginning of the disease, nasal sprays have vasoconstrictor properties, which led to vasoconstriction. As a result, blood pressure rises. In the future, vessels become resistant to decongestants, then patients with drug rhinitis develop arterial hypotension.

• Tachycardia under the influence of decongestants is replaced by chronic bradycardia.
• The development of vegetative dystonia.

Violation of vascular tone develops as a result of the use of decongestants. In such cases, it is recommended to prescribe a treatment for rhinitis, which contributes to the disappearance of the symptoms of VSD.

• Sensation of increased palpitations and constriction in the region of the heart.

Variable fluctuations in blood pressure and vascular tone lead to the development of pathological sensations such as a feeling of increased heartbeat and a feeling of constriction in the chest.

Microscopic symptoms of drug rhinitis include

• Atrophy of cilia of ciliated epithelium.
• Increases in the size of glands and goblet cells with the development of hypersecretion.
• Increased permeability of the vascular wall.
• The development of edema.
• Transformation of a single-layered multilayer ciliated epithelium into a flat non-keratinizing epithelium.

Microscopic symptoms make it possible to confirm the diagnosis of medical rhinitis, as well as conduct differential diagnosis with other forms of the disease.

Macroscopic symptoms

• Decreased sense of smell.

Hyposmia is the result of local changes in the nasal cavity, such as mucosal atrophy, ciliary epithelial dysfunction, and the formation of crusts and polyps.

• Isolation of mucus from the nose.
• Burning and itching.

The composition of nasal secretions includes salts that have irritating receptors and cause the development of hyperemia in damaged areas of the nasal cavity.

Medical rhinitis why is it impossible to sleep?

Snoring with a runny nose develops as a result of narrowing of the lumen of the nasal passages. The flow of air becomes turbulent, which also provokes the development of snoring. This provokes a person to constantly wake up from oxygen deficiency.

Medication for the common cold

Distinguish between conservative, surgical and physiotherapeutic treatment of drug rhinitis. The treatment of drug rhinitis is based on the rejection of the use of nasal drops.

How to treat drug rhinitis?

It is especially important!

Refusal to use vasoconstrictor drops should be gradual. If you sharply refuse to use drops, then the risk of developing symptoms of acute drug rhinitis with characteristic discharge and swelling of the nasal mucosa increases.

In severe cases   curing drug rhinitis is not always possible to get rid of the symptoms of the common cold in this way. The following medicines have high efficiency in the treatment of a severe degree of drug rhinitis:

• Corticosteroids (Fluticasol, Avamis).

To surgical treatment   run a runny nose in cases of:

• The inefficiency of conservative therapy.
• Lack of response to treatment with Avamis in pregnant women.
• Extensive nasal polyps.

Surgery   the advanced treatment of drug rhinitis today, is to:

• Conchotomy (partial or complete removal of the nasal mucosa in the lower or middle region).
•   vessels of the nasal mucosa.
• Turbinoplasty and septoplasty.

After surgical treatment, the use of those nasal drops that provoked the development of a runny nose is strictly contraindicated.

1. At   easy   the degree of rhinitis for treatment is enough to abandon the use of drops. Thus, the treatment of drug rhinitis depends on the severity.
2. At   middle   severity, treatment of drug rhinitis is based on the additional use of additional drug therapy.
3. At heavy   severity shows surgical treatment of drug rhinitis.

To get rid of drug rhinitis, the appointment of such physiotherapeutic procedures:

• Ultraviolet irradiation;
• Inhalation of medicinal herbs;
• Electrophoresis;

Also, in order to improve treatment results, it is recommended to do daily wet cleaning, walk in the fresh air and during treatment and prevent respiratory diseases.

In the offseason and cold season, the problem of nasal congestion becomes especially relevant. What does the average person who has found a runny nose do? That's right, goes to the pharmacy for vasoconstrictor drops. So a common disease is provoked - drug rhinitis. In this article, we look at the causes, symptoms and treatment of an ailment.

Drug (or drug) rhinitis is an inflammatory process on the nasal mucosa caused by the negative chemical effects of vasoconstrictor drops. Also, the disease may occur due to an allergy to the components of the drug. The disease occurs after prolonged use of nasal drops. As a result, sensitivity to the drug decreases, and eventually disappears completely.

In rare cases, the ailment occurs against the background of the use of hormones, oral contraceptives, tranquilizers, antihypertensive drugs and other substances.

Medicinal rhinitis in a child may occur with the same probability as in an adult. However, children are less susceptible to this disease, since the adult controls the medication.

Causes

The main cause of the disease is the long-term use of vasoconstrictor drops or sprays in a dosage exceeding the daily average.

Important! For the development of the disease, 14 days of daily use of the drugs are enough.

Further, the sensitivity of the nasal mucosa to hormones decreases. Specifically, to norepinephrine secreted by the kidneys. Its task is to regulate vascular tone. Due to the prolonged exposure to this substance, the receptors in the nose lose their sensitivity to it and cease to respond, remaining constantly expanded.

If the ailment arises as a result of the use of drugs with a systemic effect (hormones, tranquilizers, etc.), then chronic vasodilation is explained by side effects of these drugs.

Constant prolonged contact with chemicals and toxic substances can also lead to the development of drug rhinitis. The most at risk are pharmaceutical and chemical workers.

Symptoms

At an early stage, the occurrence of the disease can be predicted by reducing the body's sensitivity to drops / spray. The usual dosage of the drug does not cause the usual effect, a runny nose flows into the chronic stage, the dosage gradually increases.

At the next stage, the sensitivity to the drug disappears completely. Due to the increase in resistance (resistance) to the drug, the vessels remain dilated, despite the treatment. A characteristic symptom is a persistent runny nose.

At the last stage, the patient develops dependence on a vasoconstrictor drug, which requires special attention from the doctor and professional treatment.

Other manifestations:

• persistent nasal congestion;
• headache;
• dizziness
• decreased odor sensitivity;
• burning in the nose, itching;
• snore.

Drug rhinitis also causes less noticeable local symptoms: atrophy of the cilia of the epithelium in the nose, swelling, weakening of the protective functions of the vascular wall, etc.

This ailment can affect the body systemically, therefore, such general manifestations occur: blood pressure changes, tachycardia appears, discomfort in the region of the heart, instability of the emotional state.

Complications

During the course of the disease, various complications can develop:

1. The appearance of polyps and crusts in the nose. Filling the respiratory passage, they constrict it, making breathing difficult. To compensate for the lack of oxygen, the patient begins to breathe more often, causing irritation of the nasal mucosa and increased mucus separation.
2. Atrophic pathologies, leading to a decrease in the activity of the ciliated epithelium, which may result in the death of the mucous membrane.
3. Vascular dystonia in the nose.

Important! To avoid complications, you must consult a doctor at the first manifestation of the disease. Therapist or otolaryngologist is engaged in the treatment of medical rhinitis.

Diagnosis of the disease

It starts with a medical history. At this stage, it is important that the patient is as honest as possible and provides complete, reliable information to the doctor. Otherwise, difficulties may arise in the diagnosis, errors in the appointment of drugs. The doctor must describe the duration and intensity of the symptoms, name the drug that was used for treatment.

The next stage of diagnosis is a visual inspection. The doctor examines the nasal mucosa: its color, structure; produces mucus for the purpose of further bacteriological research. After collecting and processing the data, the doctor makes a diagnosis of drug rhinitis, determines the degree and severity of the disease, the presence of complications, and, based on the information received, prescribes therapy.

Rhinitis treatment

How to get rid of drug rhinitis? To this end, a comprehensive treatment is carried out, which is simultaneously aimed both at relieving symptoms and alleviating the condition of the patient, and at eliminating the cause of the disease. To achieve high efficiency of therapy, various methods can be used.

Drug treatment

How to treat drug rhinitis? With the help of drugs of two types: glucocorticosteroids and antihistamines. The former are a group of hormones secreted by the adrenal glands. They have anti-inflammatory effects, help to remove toxic substances from the body. Usually prescribed Avamis, Nazofan, Nazonex.

The second group of drugs helps to cope with unpleasant symptoms that make breathing difficult (swelling, itching, burning). The course of treatment is from a week to 10 days. Preparations: Zirtek, Zestra, Instar.

A large role in the treatment is the use of local funds in the form of solutions for washing the nose (Aquamaris, Sterimar) and ointments that are laid in the nasal passage (Lorizan).

Surgery

Treatment of drug rhinitis is quickly used in cases of severe illness or complications in the form of polyps and crusts. Surgery is also recommended in cases of low effectiveness of drug therapy. The main objective of surgical procedures is to expand the airway, remove neoplasms, and restore respiratory function. Using this technique, drug rhinitis can be treated during pregnancy, since it helps to avoid the negative effects of drugs on the embryo.

In order to cure drug rhinitis, the following surgical interventions are used:

1. Laser Therapy For treatment, a carbon dioxide laser is used, which affects the mucous membrane. This method allows you to achieve good results without destroying the structure and function of tissues. Under the influence of a laser, metabolic processes are established, restoring airway patency.
2. Conchotomy is a partial or complete removal of the nasal mucosa. The procedure is also carried out using a laser, the duration of the operation does not exceed 3 hours.
3. Turbinoplasty or septoplasty are surgical methods for correcting the nasal concha. It can be carried out using different methods: radio frequency, laser, endoscopic, etc.

Do not be scared if you are prescribed an operation. Most of the modern methods used to treat medical rhinitis do not leave large scars and do not require a long hospital stay. These techniques are safe and highly effective.

Physiotherapy

How to cure ailment by other methods? To increase the effectiveness of the two methods of treatment described above, the otolaryngologist can refer the patient to physiotherapeutic procedures.

1. Acupuncture. Locally acting on the affected area, acupuncture relieves symptoms such as difficulty breathing, and the nasal passage widens.
2. UHF therapy consists in exposing a patient to a high frequency electric field, which is applied to tissues using special plates applied to the skin or mucous membranes.
3. Phonophoresis is a procedure that combines the effects of drug solutions and ultrasonic radiation. Cotton swabs with solution are placed in the patient's nose, and ultrasound-conducting applicators are attached to them.
4. Electrophoresis - based on the introduction of drugs into the body through the mucous membranes or the skin using a constant electric current.
5. Inhalation. They are carried out using herbs and vapors. In this case, the well-known “grandmother's” method with inhalation in pairs of boiled potatoes under a blanket is well suited. Here you can resort to treatment with folk remedies and prepare flocks based on oregano, St. John's wort, sea buckthorn.

Prevention

1. Respect for your health, timely access to a doctor and good treatment.
2. Use of vasoconstrictor agents for no longer than 10 consecutive days.
3. Treatment of the common cold and colds under the supervision of a physician.
4. Avoiding hypothermia, choosing clothes according to the weather.
5. Improving health through light exercise: jogging in the morning, swimming, yoga, fitness, etc.
6. Regular use of vitamin complexes in the offseason.
7. Restrictions on being in public places during epidemics of influenza and other colds.

Compliance with the rules of prevention will benefit both healthy people who want to avoid the disease and those who are being treated to speed up the healing process.

Conclusion

This article examined the disease of drug rhinitis and its treatment, as well as possible complications. We noted the causes and symptoms of the disease so that you can recognize the disease on time. Remember that with a timely visit to the doctor, complications can be avoided. General information was also provided on the treatment of rhinitis. In no case, prescribe yourself therapy yourself, without first consulting a doctor. You can harm your health!

However, it is necessary to completely abandon vasoconstrictor drops.

• Swimming for 1-2 hours twice a week or more

However, before going out, you need to dry your head well and wait from 30 minutes to an hour.

• Visit to the bath

Especially with the use of various essential oils. It is advisable to go to the bath once or twice a week.

• Acceptance of activated carbon, polyphepam or enterosgel two hours before meals for 30 days

Take drugs in accordance with the instructions.

Refusal of vasoconstrictor drops

• Gradual dose reduction

A gradual reduction in the dose of drops per day and the complete elimination of drops within 2 weeks in this way.

These measures can be carried out with the simultaneous administration of the drugs prescribed by the ENT doctor, if you abruptly stop dropping your nose you have not enough patience and strength.

• Use more gentle drops

In case of serious dependence on drops, the use of more gentle drops, such as: Vibrocil (twice a day) with a gradual decrease in doses.

• Replacement drops for adults for children

Replacing adult drops with baby ones like Otrivin Baby. Drip them for 2 weeks, then begin to reduce the dose until they are completely abandoned by the second week of use.

• Replace with a Placebo

Replacing drops with so-called dummies is a “placebo”. To drip the nose with diluted sea water poured into a bottle from under your constant drops, or use drops based on sea salt such as Aquamaris, Humer, etc.

Use of medicines - local glucocorticosteroids - for drug rhinitis

Taking antihistamines (antiallergic) drugs

Nasal lubrication for drug rhinitis

Physiotherapy for the common cold

Surgery for drug rhinitis

• Laser operation (moxibustion)

There are different opinions about this operation by doctors.

• Conhotomy

The old method, which they are trying not to apply now, since the operation and its results are quite controversial.

• Cryotherapy

It is a safe method, but not very effective in the treatment of drug rhinitis.

• Traditional submucosal vasotomy of the lower nasal concha

It is by far the most effective, often used and gentle method for the treatment of drug rhinitis. This operation gives positive results in more than 90% of cases. If the nasal septum does not affect breathing, this operation is sufficient. Computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses is usually prescribed to make the final decision regarding the operation.

• Submucous vasotomy by Coblator or cold plasma vasotomy or coblation

Medical rhinitis is also treated with this method, however, the results from the operation are not as impressive as from traditional vasotomy.

• Turbine plastic

This is the name of any intervention on the lower nasal concha with preservation of the mucous membrane, including vasotomy. Therefore, if you have been prescribed turbinoplasty for the treatment of drug rhinitis, be sure that the doctor had in mind the usual vasotomy.

• Septoplasty

It is used if there are problems with the nasal septum.

It is only necessary to remember the individual intolerance of some components or allergies.

Homeopathic remedies for drug rhinitis

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How to cure drug rhinitis Komarovsky

Or pour physical into a bottle. solution. Instead of naphthyzine. And you can say later. Well, it helps. Checked.

You can also colorfully describe the operation to exfoliate the nasal mucosa.

And after improvement, if you continue to endure, then can you wait until complete well-being?

And then such a question. Mom core - the lack of nasal breathing, while you endure, does not hurt? And is it possible then to use hormonal topically?

But thanks for the options anyway.

The problem is that I want her to get rid of this addiction. And she, in my opinion, is happy with everything.

And if you dilute quietly drops with saline? I myself so "jumped" from farmazolin. And so every day - pour a few drops from the bottle and saline into the saline with a syringe. in a day mom will bury almost one saline solution

than replace nasonex.

I have a backfill question! ENT prescribed a sinus to the son of Nazonex, but he is two years old. And we are only a year and four months old. Our ENT no longer knows what to write for a child instead of Nazonex, since he has nothing to do with children under three years old, but always sends him to the regional center (I have no way to go there now). Diagnosis: three months ago there was adenoiditis, they were in the hospital, they were treated at home, but the sap did not go to the end. Now we drink the antibiotic Azitrosandoz (today is the last day), but it's hard to breathe at night, so I drip Rinazolin at night.

Is there another drug for these purposes, according to our age?

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Drug rhinitis in children

Drug rhinitis is a specific disease that is manifested by edema and inflammation of the mucosa. The development of the disease most often provokes unreasonable, prolonged or frequent use of vasoconstrictor or decongestant nasal drops. However, other vasoconstrictor drugs that can be used to treat various diseases can also cause the disease. Drug rhinitis requires effective therapy, otherwise it can lead to serious consequences.

Causes

Drug rhinitis occurs as a result of prolonged or unreasonable use of vasoconstrictor nasal agents. They are used to facilitate breathing with a runny nose, but as a result, when used improperly, another disease develops - drug rhinitis.

This disease is diagnosed not only in adults, but also in children. Usually, medical rhinitis in children occurs due to excessive parental care: trying to save the child from a cold, parents choose vasoconstrictors to treat their child, not thinking that they should be used only on the recommendation of a doctor and not necessarily longer than three to five days. Due to the prolonged use of vasoconstrictors, the so-called "boomerang effect" occurs:

• blood vessels begin to expand, and not taper under the influence of drugs;
• swelling appears;
• mucous membranes swell.

If with the development of drug rhinitis continue to use nasal drops of a vasoconstrictor effect, the body will cease to produce norepinephrine, which acts as a natural vasoconstrictor substance. As a result of this, the body will not be able to maintain the vessels in good shape on their own: relief will only come with the use of drops.

Symptoms

In children, rhinitis of drug origin manifests itself in the same way as in adults. The main symptoms of this disease include:

• nasal congestion;
• watery discharge from the nose;
• itching in the nasal passages;
• dry mucosa;
• decrease in sense of smell;
• swelling of the nose;
• lacrimation.

With drug rhinitis, the general condition worsens. Headaches similar to migraines are regularly disturbed, the pulse and heart rate become more frequent, and sleep is disturbed due to breathing difficulties. The child becomes nervous and irritable, he cannot concentrate.

According to the clinical picture, drug rhinitis is similar to other types of rhinitis. However, it can be distinguished by one characteristic feature: the symptoms disappear for a short time after using nasal preparations. Over time, the child will not be able to breathe until he drops the nose with vasoconstrictive drops.

Diagnosis of drug rhinitis in a child

Diagnose drug rhinitis can only otolaryngologist. Diagnosis requires an integrated approach. The doctor interviews the child (or parents if the child is too young) and carefully examines the nasal cavity. To make an accurate diagnosis, a laboratory study of the discharge from the nose and pharynx is carried out.

The difficulty in determining drug rhinitis is that it has a picture typical of many rhinitis. Therefore, the doctor uses instrumental diagnostic methods to differentiate drug rhinitis from allergic and vasomotor:

Complications

Drug rhinitis negatively affects the quality of life of the child. In addition to the discomfort that the disease causes, rhinitis of drug origin can cause various complications. The consequences of drug rhinitis include:

• cardiovascular diseases;
• increase in pressure;
• endocrine system diseases;
• pathology of the respiratory system.

Complications can be avoided only if the diagnosis of the disease is carried out on time and effective treatment is prescribed. Adequate therapy can quickly normalize respiratory function and reduce the risk of complications.

Treatment

What can you do

Treatment of drug rhinitis in children should be carried out exclusively under the supervision of a physician. The use of any drugs and traditional medicine before consulting a specialist is strictly prohibited, because you can only aggravate the situation. Effective treatment requires the rejection of vasoconstrictor drops. Moreover, in the first few days, respiratory function will be very difficult. To help the child, you need:

• rinse your nose with saline;
• create a favorable climate in the house;
• make sure that the child is more likely to be in the fresh air.

Accelerate the process of restoring breathing can sea or mountain air. Therefore, it is recommended that you go to the resort with your child during the rehabilitation period.

What does the doctor do

Drug rhinitis requires complex treatment under the supervision of a physician. The treatment includes:

• drug therapy;
• rehabilitation procedures;
• physiotherapy;
• immuno-strengthening methods.

Conservative treatment aims to eliminate dependence on vasoconstrictor drugs and restore respiratory function. If a child is diagnosed with a running form of drug rhinitis and conservative methods do not bring the proper result, then the doctor may recommend surgical intervention. For surgical treatment of children, minimally invasive techniques are used that are effective and safe.

Prevention

Prevention of the development of drug rhinitis is reduced to one simple rule: you can not use drugs uncontrollably. Parents need to remember the following:

• not all types of the common cold require the use of vasoconstrictors;
• vasoconstrictor nasal drops can be used to treat a child only as directed by a doctor;
• do not exceed the recommended period of use of nasal drops and dosage.

Adhering to such simple tips, you can avoid the occurrence of drug rhinitis. In addition, in order to prevent the occurrence of the common cold, improper treatment of which leads to drug rhinitis, the child's immunity should be strengthened:

• encourage physical education;
• make sure that the child walks for a long time in the fresh air;
• temper the child;
• provide a balanced diet rich in vitamins.

Arm yourself with knowledge and read a useful informative article on the disease of medical rhinitis in children. After all, to be parents means to study everything that will help maintain a degree of health in the family at 36.6.

Find out what can cause the disease, how to recognize it in a timely manner. Find information on what are some signs of ailment. And what tests will help identify the disease and make the right diagnosis.

In the article, you will read all about the methods of treating a disease such as drug rhinitis in children. Specify what effective first aid should be. What to treat: choose drugs or alternative methods?

You will also find out what can be the danger of untimely treatment of the disease, medical rhinitis in children, and why it is so important to avoid the consequences. All about how to prevent drug rhinitis in children and prevent complications.

And caring parents will find on the pages of the service full information about the symptoms of the disease, medical rhinitis in children. What is the difference between the signs of the disease in children at 1.2 and 3 years old from the manifestations of the disease in children at 4, 5, 6 and 7 years old? What is the best way to treat drug rhinitis in children?

Protect the health of loved ones and be in good shape!

Drug rhinitis: causes, signs, how to cure

Drug rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa due to prolonged use of vasoconstrictor drugs or an allergy to their components. This is a special pathology that occurs when a specific reaction of the body to the regular introduction of vasoconstrictors into the nasal cavity is developed. The sensitivity of the nose to the drug first decreases, and then completely disappears.

Chronic runny nose is a side effect of various drugs: contraceptives, antipsychotics, tranquilizers, antihypertensive drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs, vasoconstrictive drops in the nose.

Nasal drops and sprays are an integral part of the comprehensive treatment of any respiratory infection. At the beginning of therapy, such drugs quickly eliminate the main symptom of the pathology - nasal congestion. Vasoconstrictor drugs cleanse the nasal passages, reduce swelling of the mucosa and greatly facilitate nasal breathing. The first symptoms of the disease are eliminated, and there comes a constant, uncontrolled vasodilation - expansion of the blood and lymph vessels. Over time, their tone decreases, the nasal mucosa swells, and then atrophies. Such changes lead to the development of rhinitis. Any medication must be taken strictly according to the instructions and under the supervision of a doctor. Nasal drops and sprays are no exception. If treated independently, without medical advice, the outcome of therapy may be disastrous.

Drug abuse makes treatment ineffective. The mucous membrane ceases to function correctly, which leads to a chronic process and the patient's dependence on the drug. Swelling and hyperemia of the mucosa is a special reaction of the body to uncontrolled intake of drugs. Patients on a dry mucous membrane develop painless formations - polyps that make nasal breathing difficult and completely clog the nose. Their removal is accompanied by acute pain and the appearance of blood. Gradually, the inner surface of the nose becomes a large and bleeding wound. The disease in most patients lasts for years or even decades. Getting rid of this problem is quite difficult.

The treatment of drug rhinitis is performed by experienced otolaryngologists. They conduct conservative or surgical therapy. Drug rhinitis in children proceeds the same as in adults, but it is much more difficult to cure it. The child does not understand why it is impossible to use a remedy that brings relief and allows you to breathe freely. It is better to prevent the appearance of this problem: to temper the child's body, often walk in the fresh air, strengthen immunity.

Etiology

The main reason for drug rhinitis is the long-term use of vasoconstrictor nasal preparations that eliminate unpleasant symptoms, or an allergic reaction to their components. Frequent and uncontrolled use of them first leads to atrophy and dysfunction of the nasal mucosa, and ends with the development of rhinitis of drug origin.

Many people believe that a runny nose is not a disease, but a slight malaise, which any nasal spray can easily cope with. Patients are in no hurry to visit a doctor and go to the nearest pharmacy. The use of vasoconstrictive drops every day leads to the development of dependence and pathological changes in the nasal cavity. At the heart of the disease is a “rebound symptom," the meaning of which is as follows: the blood vessels no longer narrow, but begin to expand, causing swelling and swelling of the mucosa. Over time, the symptoms of the disease become apparent. A person can not do without his beloved bottle of nasal drops and cope with chronic pathology on his own. Nasal drops inhibit the production of its own vasoconstrictor substance - norepinephrine, and the body ceases to independently maintain the tone of the vessels of the nose. Time is lost, and the disease is progressing.

Drug rhinitis can be considered as one of the varieties of allergic or vasomotor rhinitis. The mucous membrane reacts in a special way to the long-term use of certain medications. It is important to promptly identify and treat allergies on time.

Symptomatology

Nasal congestion and rhinorrhea are the main symptoms of drug rhinitis. Nasal breathing becomes difficult at first, and then impossible without the use of vasoconstrictor drops.

The disease also manifests itself:

• Migraine-like pain
• Decreased olfactory sensations,
• The appearance of copious watery discharge,
• Tickling and itching in the nose,
• Dryness and tingling of the mucosa,
• Insomnia
• The appearance of snoring
• Difficulty breathing
• Swelling of the nose,
• Redness or blueness of the nose,
• Lacrimation and sneezing,
• Irritability
• Hypertension
• Tachycardia
• Pressing pain in the heart.

If these symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor and begin treatment. Clinical signs intensify in the evenings, when motor activity decreases, and the tone of capillaries and arterioles decreases reflexively.

During the examination of the nasal cavity, the ENT doctor notes hyperemia and swelling of the mucosa with noticeable hemorrhages, the transformation of the ciliary epithelium into a flat one, hyperproduction of the secretion of the mucous glands, and increased permeability of the blood and lymph vessels. The capillaries become brittle, and the mucous membrane becomes thinner and atrophies.

Taking medications for a long time, it is important not to miss the first alarming signs of the disease.

Complications of drug rhinitis:

1. High blood pressure
2. Cardiovascular diseases,
3. Endocrine pathology,
4. Sinusitis

Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosis and treatment of the disease is carried out by otolaryngologists. They listen to the complaints of patients, conduct a thorough examination of the nasal cavity, send the discharge of the nose and throat to the microbiological laboratory for bacteriological studies. Differential diagnosis is carried out with allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. For this, instrumental methods are used - radiographic, tomographic, endoscopic, microscopic examination of the nasopharynx.

The treatment of drug rhinitis is complex, including conservative therapy, general stimulating and rehabilitation procedures, physiotherapeutic methods, and, if necessary, surgical intervention and the use of folk remedies. This is a long and complex process that requires time and patience. The first thing that a specialist recommends is to completely abandon the use of drops. This is not easy to do, because they facilitate breathing and improve the condition immediately after use. In especially severe cases, the dose is allowed to be reduced gradually. The process of weaning from a medicine will facilitate the intake of antihistamines.

1. Spa treatment,
2. Trips to the mountains
3. Swimming,
4. Daily, long walks in the fresh air.

This will help increase the overall resistance of the body and improve the regenerative ability of the nasal mucosa.

Before starting medical treatment of rhinitis, the use of vasoconstrictor drugs should be abandoned. If patients withstand 2-3 weeks without drops or replace them with more sparing ones, the dependence and symptoms of the pathology disappear, and nasal breathing is fully restored.

Experts advise to gradually reduce the dosage or replace their drops with softer ones - Vibrocil, drops based on sea water: Aquamaris. Adult drops can be replaced with children’s drops, for example, Otrivin Baby. The active components of these drugs do not irritate the mucous membrane, tone up blood vessels and make treatment more effective.

Pharmacological treatment

Drug therapy includes:

• Nasal lavage with antiseptics and saline solutions - Aquamaris, Humer, Physiomer, Furacilin, Dioxidinum solution;
• Lubrication of the nose - “Oxolinic ointment”, “Hydrocortisone ointment”, “Lorizan”;
• Desensitizing therapy - “Diazolin”, “Zodak”, “Suprastin”;
• The use of nasal glucocorticosteroids "Tafen", "Flixonase", "Nazofan";
• Immunomodulating therapy - IRS-19, Derinat;
• Homeopathy - "Sinupret", "Euphorbium Composite".

Avamis is the most popular glucocorticosteroid drug available in the form of a spray. It has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, gradually improving nasal breathing. Avamis has a pronounced therapeutic effect against the background of rarely manifested side effects.

The duration of treatment with endonasal steroids is 1 month. If conservative therapy has been ineffective, proceed to surgical treatment.

Physiotherapy

These methods in combination with the gradual abandonment of vasoconstrictor drugs lead to a complete recovery of the patient. To speed up the healing process, patients are advised to perform a variety of breathing exercises daily.

Surgery

Currently, drug rhinitis can be treated surgically. They resort to surgery in cases where conservative treatment was not effective. If there are irreversible changes in the nasal mucosa, the operation will help the patient regain health and light nasal breathing.

The main types of operations:

1. Laser moxibustion,
2. Shaver vasotomy,
3. Conhotomy
4. Cryotherapy,
5. Septoplasty and turboplasty,
6. Traditional vasotomy.

Surgery is aimed at removing the blood plexus in the submucosal layer, restoring nasal breathing, and rid the patient of rhinitis. Radio wave and laser vasotomy are the most popular and gentle operations. During tissue dissection, vascular coagulation occurs, which significantly reduces the risk of bleeding in the postoperative period.

Palliative treatment of drug rhinitis consists in increasing the diameter of the nasal passages by reducing the nasal ridges or shells in volume. This small operation improves nasal breathing. It is performed by various methods: using ultrasound, a laser, mechanical or electrical effects.

Alternative therapy

Traditional medicine copes well with the symptoms of rhinitis. They do not irritate the mucosa and do not cause complications. Folk remedies can be used independently, without the use of any medications or supplemented with them the main treatment of the disease.

Folk remedies that eliminate the inflammatory process in the nose:

• Aloe juice relieves the clinical signs of the disease and restores the nasal mucosa. Juice is squeezed out of aloe leaves, diluted with water and buried in the nose.
• Aloe extract is mixed with olive oil, gauze flagella are moistened in the resulting preparation and they are introduced briefly into the nose.
• Honey is diluted with water and the resulting composition is instilled into each nasal passage daily. This remedy reduces inflammation and eliminates the symptoms of rhinitis.
• Mix honey, sea buckthorn oil and aloe juice in equal proportions and instill in the nose three times a day.
• A mixture of essential oils helps to overcome the ailment. To do this, take peach, rosehip, sea buckthorn, eucalyptus oil and moisten the flagella in the resulting mixture.
• Washing the nose with chamomile or beetroot infusion helps relieve swelling. Raw materials are poured with boiling water and insisted. The strained composition is washed nose.
• It is good to breathe in pairs of minced garlic and onions.
• Clove has a good therapeutic effect. Cloves are poured with boiling water, insisted and instilled in the nose.

To get rid of the disease quickly and without consequences, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of doctors and coordinate with them the applied recipes of traditional medicine. Self-medication can lead to an exacerbation of the disease.

Briefly about the main thing: how to quickly cure all types of childhood rhinitis

Suddenly a runny nose in a child is a disaster for both the baby and the parents. The child cries at night, is naughty, some planned activities break down, etc. So that this unpleasant ailment does not chase your child, you need to fight a runny nose and defend yourself correctly.

Sudden runny nose in a child requires quick treatment

What is a runny nose?

The appearance of rhinitis, the so-called runny nose, is characterized by many signs. With this disease, the mucous membranes of the sinuses and / or nasal ducts become inflamed. As a result of this, discharge of serous sputum, pus or mucus comes from the nasal passages. In such cases, the nose is blocked, itching and dryness in the nasal cavity are felt, the patient often sneezes. In some cases, tearing begins, the nose turns red.

Varieties of the common cold

Everyone had a runny nose at least once in a lifetime. This is an unpleasant disease caused by various factors. Doctors distinguish different types of rhinitis. In pediatrics, four main types of the common cold are traditionally classified.

• Allergic, it provokes an allergy, is manifested by such rhinitis by sneezing, profuse watery discharge from the nose and difficulty breathing. The allergens that cause an allergic rhinitis can be:

1. dust;
2. ticks whose habitat is dust in the house;
3. insects
4. pollen of some plants;
5. mold and yeast;
6. food products;
7. medicine.

• Atrophic, which occurs when the nasal mucosa becomes thinner, atrophies. Such a runny nose worsens the sense of smell, dryness, burning sensations appear in the nose, and crusts form.
• Vasomotor, in which increased nasal activity occurs under the influence of special factors (exogenous or endogenous).
• Infectious. This kind of runny nose occurs when an infection enters the respiratory tract.

An allergic rhinitis with proper treatment will not torment a child for a long time

Rarely, other types of the common cold, which are more common in adult patients, are possible in children.

1. Hypertrophic, which is called hyperplastic. It is characterized by the proliferation of connective tissue elements throughout the nasal mucosa. In such cases, the membrane is hypertrophied.
2. Drug rhinitis is caused by vasoconstrictive nasal preparations with prolonged treatment.
3. Traumatic rhinitis occurs against a background of nasal trauma or damage to the nasal mucosa. This can be a physical effect, and burns with chemicals.

Vasomotor type of rhinitis

An unpleasant disease is vasomotor rhinitis, but not serious. This type of rhinitis occurs most often against the background of allergic reactions of the nasal mucosa to irritants:

• infections
• alcohol;
• aromas;
• dust;
• temperature difference and humidity;
• medications.

A runny nose is vasomotor chronic, but in some cases it can occur in an acute form.

In addition to allergic vasomotor rhinitis, there is also neurodynamic, in which the vessels of the nasal mucosa narrow when the activity of the nervous mechanisms is impaired, which is responsible for the physiology of the nasopharynx.

The main symptoms of a vasomotor rhinitis are:

• nasal congestion;
• watery compartments;
• headache;
• sleep disturbance;
• memory problems.

A similar ailment worries hypotonics and those who suffer from vegetative-vascular dystonia. Treatment of a vasomotor rhinitis gives a result only when irritants and associated symptoms are eliminated.

Vasomotor rhinitis in children according to Komarovsky requires adequate comprehensive treatment:

• the use of drugs;
• physiotherapeutic procedures;
• bracing methods.

If the baby has a stuffy nose - see a doctor soon

It should be noted that vasomotor rhinitis in infants is rare. The fact is that in newborns, the cavernous tissue of the nasal cavity is underdeveloped.

Types of the common cold

There are rhinitis infectious and non-infectious.

To infectious include:

1. Acute rhinitis (runny nose) - the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx becomes inflamed instantly, and swelling passes to the nasal passages. Various viruses, microbes and bacteria cause such a disease.
2. Chronic runny nose develops against the background of a prolonged course or not treatment of acute rhinitis. There are three types of chronic rhinitis:

b) hypertrophic - the mucous membrane is not only inflamed, but also thickened, it is very difficult to breathe through the nose;

c) atrophic - mucus from the nose is produced very actively, dried crusts form in the nostrils, which greatly interferes with breathing.

The main symptoms of a viral disease are dry nose, difficulty breathing, and accumulation of mucus in the nasal passages.

Rhinitis of non-infectious origin include:

• vasomotor runny nose (neurovegetative);
• allergic.

Symptoms of all types of rhinitis

The first signs of a runny nose - the nostrils are blocked, discharge comes from the nasal passages, the child begins to sneeze - they have all types of rhinitis. The baby's condition worsens: there is a temperature, headache may appear, nose breathing is difficult, the sense of smell is dulled. The nasal cavity is irritated, possibly burning or unpleasant tickling.

Bed rest will help to cope with malaise faster.

After the mucous liquid is separated. On baby skin, discharge is strongly affected. Redness and fissures appear in the area of \u200b\u200bthe nose and upper lip, which are painful.

The nostrils swell, sneezing and lacrimation begin. After the fluid separated from the nasal cavity becomes cloudy, it acquires a yellowish-green color. This symptom indicates the presence of pus in the nasal ducts.

At this stage, the condition of the child improves: the head does not hurt, the unpleasant sensation in the nasal cavity disappears, the patient sneezes less, and lacrimation is suppressed. If rhinitis is acute, the disease lasts from 8 to 14 days. When the baby’s immune system is strong, acute rhinitis can be cured within two to three days. Children with immunocompromised children may be sick for 3-4 weeks.

In infants, an acute runny nose occurs like rhinopharyngitis; inflammation spreads to the middle ear, respiratory tract, nasopharynx. The baby may have a violation of the sucking reflex. This leads to a decrease in body weight, the child becomes restless, sleep is disturbed. The course of acute runny nose is extremely difficult in premature infants, with weak immunity, in which the body's resistance to the disease is reduced.

A number of common symptoms and chronic runny nose. Its main manifestation is a violation of the nose breathing with alternating nasal passages. The fluid that is secreted from the nose is either serous or purulent-mucous.

Hypertrophic runny nose in chronic form lasts longer, nasal passages are constantly blocked. Congestion does not pass even after the use of vasoconstrictor agents. Nose breathing is difficult, headache, sleep in a child is disturbed. The mucous membrane of the nasal cavity acquires a pale pink or red color with blueness. The discharge from the nostrils is very plentiful, they are separated directly into the nasopharynx. In some cases, the separated liquid is not produced.

Dry nose, itching, tickling - these are symptoms of drug rhinitis, in the event of which

the skin gains a bluish tint, and the separated aqueous liquid "flows by stream."

The doctor will help determine the exact diagnosis.

Certain features in atrophic rhinitis. When it occurs, the child feels dry in the nasal passages, as a result of which crusts form. Discharge from the nose is viscous, greenish-yellow. Inflammation actively spreads to the mucous membrane of the larynx and nasopharynx.

Both allergic and neurovegetative forms of vasomotor rhinitis have similar symptoms: nasal congestion, profuse discharge of fluid, sneezing.

They diagnose rhinitis by visible signs. If necessary, a general blood test is performed, as well as a cytological examination of the nasal mucosa.

Treatment

You need to skillfully treat a runny nose in a child. You can not bury in the nose all that "should help." Usually mothers infants drip mother milk into the nasal passages, and microbial organisms multiply in this environment. It is also forbidden to use plant juices, onions, garlic, etc. for instillation into the nose. This can damage the mucous membranes. It is also impossible to use a vasoconstrictor drug for a long time, because with a runny nose of an infectious origin, vasoconstrictors cause swelling of the mucosa, which makes breathing difficult. It is strictly forbidden to drip antibiotics into the child’s nose, if necessary, they can be taken only inside. Various heat treatments (warm compresses, inhalation of steam, mustard plasters, etc.) are suitable only for adults. Such events can only harm children.

Tip! You need to start treatment for the common cold in children with cleansing the mucosa. To do this, it is recommended to rinse your nose with saline. For babies, washing is done only by drip, you can not use sprays and pears, so as not to harm the mucous membrane. Detachable mucus is removed with a soft nose. If crusts have formed, they are softened with slightly warmed vegetable oil. Of the drugs used in the treatment of the common cold in children, drops such as pinosol and etericide for children are used. It should be borne in mind that sometimes there is no need to treat a viral runny nose, since the child's body itself copes with it. To do this, rinse the spout, measure the temperature of the air in the room, maintain humidity in the room and give the child warm tea.

Treatment according to Komarovsky is based on the following:

• the optimal temperature in the room where the sick child is should be 18-20 ° C;
• air must be constantly moistened;
• every two to three hours, irrigate the mucous membrane with aqueous saline;
• apply etericide;
• lubricate the nostrils with fortified oil;
• do not use vasoconstrictor drugs in the treatment of rhinitis in children.

It is difficult to treat drug rhinitis, since the children's body is not able to cope with it. In the treatment of this common cold, you need to use hypoallergenic drugs and then under the supervision of a doctor.